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Li X, Shi C, Zhou R, Chen X, Xu Q, Zhao C, Ma M, Ao X, Liu Y. Modified EBP-bFGF targeting endogenous renal extracellular matrix protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024. [PMID: 38700258 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening disease primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which can result in renal failure. Currently, growth factor therapy is considered a promising and effective approach for AKI treatment. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an angiogenic factor with potent activity, efficiently stimulates angiogenesis and facilitates regeneration of renal tissue. However, the unrestricted diffusion of bFGF restricts its clinical application in AKI treatment. Therefore, developing a novel sustained released system for bFGF could enhance its potential in treating AKI. In this study, we genetically engineered a multifunctional recombinant protein by fusing bFGF with a specific peptide (EBP). EBP-bFGF effectively binds to the extracellular matrix in the injured kidney, enabling slow release of bFGF in AKI. Furthermore, following orthotopic injection into I/R rats' ischemic kidneys, EBP-bFGF exhibited stable retention within the tissue. Additionally, EBP-bFGF suppressed apoptosis of renal cells, reduced renal fibrosis, and facilitated recovery of renal function. These findings suggest that EBP-bFGF delivery system represents a promising strategy for treating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoge Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunying Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Runxue Zhou
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinhui Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingling Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunyige Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyao Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Hu P, Li K, Peng XX, Kan Y, Yao TJ, Wang ZY, Li Z, Liu HY, Cai D. Curcumin derived from medicinal homologous foods: its main signals in immunoregulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1233652. [PMID: 37497225 PMCID: PMC10368479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1233652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been for thousands of years in China known medicinal homologous foods that can be employed both as foods and medicines to benefit human and animal health. These edible herbal materials perform divert roles in the regulation of metabolic disorders, cancers, and immune-related diseases. Curcumin, the primary component derived from medicinal homologous foods like curcuma longa rhizome, is reported to play vital actions in organic activities, such as the numerous pharmacological functions including anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and anti/pro-apoptosis in treating various diseases. However, the potential mechanisms of curcumin-derived modulation still need to be developed and attract more attention worldwide. Given that these signal pathways are enrolled in important bioactive reactions, we collected curcumin's last achievements predominantly on the immune-regulation signals with the underlying targetable strategies in the last 10 years. This mini-review will be helpful to accelerate curcumin and other extracts from medicinal homologous foods use in future human clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yufei Kan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tong-Jia Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhaojian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou, China
| | - Demin Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Shu H, Wang Y, Zhang H, Dong Q, Sun L, Tu Y, Liao Q, Feng L, Yao L. The role of the SGK3/TOPK signaling pathway in the transition from acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1169054. [PMID: 37361201 PMCID: PMC10285316 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1169054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Profibrotic phenotype of renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) featured with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and profibrotic factors secretion, and aberrant accumulation of CD206+ M2 macrophages are the key points in the transition from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase (SGK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase, required for intestinal nutrient transport and ion channels modulation. T-LAK-cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) is a member of the mitogen activated protein kinase family, linked to cell cycle regulation. However, little is known about their roles in AKI-CKD transition. Methods: In this study, three models were constructed in C57BL/6 mice: low dose and multiple intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin, 5/6 nephrectomy and unilateral ureteral obstruction model. Rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) were dealt with cisplatin to induce profibrotic phenotype, while a mouse monocytic cell line (RAW264.7) were cultured with cisplatin or TGF-β1 to induce M1 or M2 macrophage polarization respectively. And co-cultured NRK-52E and RAW264.7 through transwell plate to explore the interaction between them. The expression of SGK3 and TOPK phosphorylation were detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. Results: In vivo, the expression of SGK3 and p-TOPK were gradually inhibited in TECs, but enhanced in CD206+ M2 macrophages. In vitro, SGK3 inhibition aggravated epithelial to mesenchymal transition through reducing the phosphorylation state of TOPK, and controlling TGF-β1 synthesis and secretion in TECs. However, SGK3/TOPK axis activation promoted CD206+ M2 macrophage polarization, which caused kidney fibrosis by mediating macrophage to myofibroblast transition (MMT). When co-cultured, the TGF-β1 from profibrotic TECs evoked CD206+ M2 macrophage polarization and MMT, which could be attenuated by SGK3/TOPK axis inhibition in macrophages. Conversely, SGK3/TOPK signaling pathway activation in TECs could reverse CD206+ M2 macrophages aggravated EMT. Discussion: We revealed for the first time that SGK3 regulated TOPK phosphorylation to mediate TECs profibrotic phenotype, macrophage plasticity and the crosstalk between TECs and macrophages during AKI-CKD transition. Our results demonstrated the inverse effect of SGK3/TOPK signaling pathway in profibrotic TECs and CD206+ M2 macrophages polarization during the AKI-CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huapan Shu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingqing Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuchi Tu
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qianqian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lijun Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Tang X, Xiong K, Li M. Effects of dietary epidermal growth factor supplementation on liver antioxidant capacity of piglets with intrauterine growth retardation. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad323. [PMID: 37812936 PMCID: PMC10576518 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary epidermal growth factor (EGF) supplementation on the liver antioxidant capacity of piglets with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The present study consists of two experiments. In experiment 1, six normal-birth-weight (NBW) and six IUGR newborn piglets were slaughtered within 2 to 4 h after birth to compare the effects of IUGR on the liver antioxidant capacity of newborn piglets. The results showed that compared with NBW piglets, IUGR piglets had a lower birth weight and liver relative weight; IUGR piglets had a higher serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level, liver MDA level and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level, and had a lower liver total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity; IUGR trended to increase serum alanine aminotransferase activity, aspartate aminotransferase activity, and H2O2 level, and trended to decrease liver total superoxide dismutase activity. In experiment 2, six NBW piglets, and 12 IUGR piglets weaned at 21 d of age were randomly divided into the NC group (NBW piglets fed with basal diet); IC group (IUGR piglets fed with basal diet), and IE group (IUGR piglets fed with basal diet plus 2 mg/kg EGF), and feeding for 14 d. Organ index, serum parameters, liver antioxidant capacity, and liver antioxidant-related genes expression were measured. The results showed that compared to the IC group, dietary EGF supplementation (IE group) significantly reduced serum malondialdehyde level and H2O2 level, and liver protein carbonyl (PC) level and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine level of piglets with IUGR; dietary EGF supplementation (IE group) significantly increased serum T-AOC level, liver T-AOC level and GSH-Px activity; dietary supplemented with EGF (IE group) enhanced liver Nrf2, NQO1, HO1, and GPX1 mRNA expression compared to IC group. Pearson's correlation analysis further showed that EGF can alleviate liver oxidative injury caused by IUGR and improve the performance of IUGR piglets. In conclusion, EGF exhibited potent protective effects on IUGR-induced liver oxidative injury, by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway to mediate the expression of downstream antioxidant enzymes and phase II detoxification enzymes (NQO1 and HO1), thereby alleviating liver oxidative damage and promoting the growth performance of IUGR piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Meijun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Biological and Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha 410127, China
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Astragaloside IV attenuated TGF-β1- induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells via connexin 43 and Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101831. [PMID: 35643056 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of the study was to observe whether connexin 43 (Cx43) could regulate epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) by influencing Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and whether ASV could inhibit the development of renal interstitial fibrosis by regulating Cx43. METHODS Lentivirus infection was transfected into RTECs with the final concentration of 50 ×PFU/ cell to regulate the expression of Cx43. And RTECs were intervened by different doses of Astragaloside IV (ASV). After synchronous culture of RTECs in each group,the expression levels of EMT-related indicators and Cx43 were detected by fluorescence microscope and Western-Blotting (WB), even the protein expressions and phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR in different groups were detected by WB. RESULTS When the expression of Cx43 in RTECs was regulated by lentivirus infection, the degree of EMT induced by TGF‑β1 and the phosphorylation level of Akt and mTOR were changed accordingly, indicating that Akt/mTOR pathway might be a downstream molecular mechanism by which Cx43 could regulate EMT. After intervention with different doses of ASV, the expression level of Cx43 increased with obvious concentration dependence, and the expression levels of p-Akt and p- mTOR were significantly altered, suggesting that ASV could effectively increase the protein expressions of TGF‑β1-induced Cx43 in RTECs and inhibit the phosphorylation levels of Akt and mTOR. CONCLUSION Cx43 were the main material basis of RTECs' injury, and ASV could inhibit TGF-β1- induced RTECs' transdifferentiation. In-depth study of the mechanism might provide a broad application prospect for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liu X, Elsabagh M, Yu Y, Peng A, Dai S, Wang H. L-Arginine inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage and inflammatory response by regulating antioxidant capacity in ovine intestinal epithelial cells. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1973916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Animal Production and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sifa Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Clerici S, Boletta A. Role of the KEAP1-NRF2 Axis in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3458. [PMID: 33233657 PMCID: PMC7699726 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is a transcription factor that coordinates the antioxidant response in many different tissues, ensuring cytoprotection from endogenous and exogenous stress stimuli. In the kidney, its function is essential in appropriate cellular response to oxidative stress, however its aberrant activation supports progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapies in renal cell carcinoma, similarly to what happens in other nonrenal cancers. While at the moment direct inhibitors of NRF2 are not available, understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate its hyperactivation in specific tumor types is crucial as it may open new therapeutic perspectives. Here, we focus our attention on renal cell carcinoma, describing how NRF2 hyperactivation can contribute to tumor progression and chemoresistance. Furthermore, we highlight the mechanism whereby the many pathways that are generally altered in these tumors converge to dysregulation of the KEAP1-NRF2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Boletta
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Molecular Basis of Cystic Kidney Diseases, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, 20132 Milan, Italy;
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Ding Z, Wu X, Wang Y, Ji S, Zhang W, Kang J, Li J, Fei G. Melatonin prevents LPS-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human alveolar epithelial cells via the GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110827. [PMID: 33065391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress plays a critical role in pulmonary fibrosis after acute lung injury (ALI), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) events are involved in this process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of melatonin, a natural antioxidant, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced EMT in human alveolar epithelial cells. METHODS Human type II alveolar epithelial cell-derived A549 cells were incubated with LPS and melatonin alone or in combination for up to 24 h. The morphological changes of the treated cells were evaluated as well as indexes of oxidative stress. EMT-related proteins and the Nrf2 signaling pathway were detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms, the effects of melatonin on cells transfected Nrf2 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and the PI3K / GSK-3β signaling pathway were evaluated. RESULTS Treatment with melatonin upregulated Nrf2 expression, inhibited LPS-induced cell morphological change, reversed the expressions of EMT-related proteins, and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in A549 cells, as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and anti-oxidative enzymes. Yet, the effects of melatonin were almost completely abolished in cells transfected Nrf2 shRNA. Furthermore, the data demonstrated that melatonin could activate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, resulting in phosphorylation of GSK-3β (Ser9) and upregulation of the Nrf2 protein in A549 cells, which ultimately attenuated LPS-induced EMT. CONCLUSION The present study is the first to demonstrate that melatonin can protect human alveolar epithelial cells against oxidative stress by effectively inhibiting LPS-induced EMT, which was mostly dependent on upregulation of the Nrf2 pathway via the PI3K/GSK-3β axis. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of melatonin for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated diseases, as well as pulmonary fibrosis after ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Yueguo Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Shuang Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Jiaying Kang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Center Lab of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Research and Medical Transformation of Anhui Province, China.
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Li J, Yang Y, Wei S, Chen L, Xue L, Tian H, Tao S. Bixin Confers Prevention against Ureteral Obstruction-Caused Renal Interstitial Fibrosis through Activation of the Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor2 Pathway in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8321-8329. [PMID: 32706966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bixin is a natural carotenoid isolated from the seeds of Bixa orellana, with numerous important pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and antifibrotic effects. The nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway induced by bixin is involved in the process. Excessive reactive oxygen species generation in tubular cells contributes to kidney interstitial fibrosis. The potential therapeutic strategy for bixin in alleviating kidney fibrosis remains largely unclear. In this study, we used unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to establish a renal fibrotic model. Dramatic oxidative DNA damage occurs in kidneys, especially in tubular cells after UUO. In cultured tubular cells, bixin could induce Nrf2 signaling activation by suppressing Nrf2 ubiquitination and increasing its protein stability. Transforming growth factor beta 1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and extracellular matrix production were suppressed by bixin, and blockade of Nrf2 activation by small interfering RNA could largely reverse the protective effect of bixin. In vivo studies showed that administration of bixin induces Nrf2 signaling activation in tubular cells and markedly attenuates partial EMT of tubular cells and kidney interstitial fibrosis after subjecting to UUO. Together, this study implies that bixin may protect against kidney interstitial fibrosis through stimulating Nrf2 activation in renal tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Youjing Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuhui Wei
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lian Xue
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shasha Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Elrashidy RA. Dysregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling and activation of fibrogenic pathways in hearts of high fat diet-fed rats. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2821-2834. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Janssen-Heininger Y, Reynaert NL, van der Vliet A, Anathy V. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glutathione therapeutics in chronic lung diseases. Redox Biol 2020; 33:101516. [PMID: 32249209 PMCID: PMC7251249 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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Attenuation of NAD[P]H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 aggravates prostate cancer and tumor cell plasticity through enhanced TGFβ signaling. Commun Biol 2020; 3:12. [PMID: 31909204 PMCID: PMC6941961 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD[P]H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) regulates cell fate decisions in response to stress. Oxidative stress supports cancer maintenance and progression. Previously we showed that knockdown of NQO1 (NQO1low) prostate cancer cells upregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and survival under hormone-deprived conditions. Here, we tested the ability of NQO1low cells to form tumors. We found NQO1low cells form aggressive tumors compared with NQO1high cells. Biopsy specimens and circulating tumor cells showed biochemical recurrent prostate cancer was associated with low NQO1. NQO1 silencing was sufficient to induce SMAD-mediated TGFβ signaling and mesenchymal markers. TGFβ treatment decreased NQO1 levels and induced molecular changes similar to NQO1 knockdown cells. Functionally, NQO1 depletion increased migration and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Collectively, this work reveals a possible new gatekeeper role for NQO1 in counteracting cellular plasticity in prostate cancer cells. Further, combining NQO1 with TGFβ signaling molecules may serve as a better signature to predict biochemical recurrence. Thapa et al find that depletion of the antioxidant enzyme NAD[P]H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) accelerates prostate tumorigenesis and induces the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by activating TGFβ signaling. They also find that low NQO1 is associated with mesenchymal signature and biochemical recurrence in clinical samples.
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Hu P, Zhao F, Wang J, Zhu W. Lactoferrin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory responses and barrier impairment through the modulation of NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways in IPEC-J2 cells. Food Funct 2020; 11:8516-8526. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory responsesviainhibiting NF-κB/MAPK pathways in IPEC-J2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science
- College of Animal Science and Technology
| | - Fangzhou Zhao
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science
- College of Animal Science and Technology
| | - Jing Wang
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science
- College of Animal Science and Technology
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science
- College of Animal Science and Technology
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Rusetskaya NY, Fedotov IV, Koftina VA, Borodulin VB. Selenium Compounds in Redox Regulation of Inflammation and Apoptosis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750819040085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Wang J, Zhu H, Huang L, Zhu X, Sha J, Li G, Ma G, Zhang W, Gu M, Guo Y. Nrf2 signaling attenuates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and renal interstitial fibrosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 111:104296. [PMID: 31449784 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nrf2 constitutes a therapeutic reference point for renal fibrosis and chronic kidney diseases. Nrf2-related signaling pathways are recognized to temper endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in fibrotic tissue. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which Nrf2 mitigates renal interstitial fibrosis is imprecise. METHODS The relationship between Nrf2 and renal interstitial fibrosis was investigated using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of Nrf2-/- mice. The mice were separated into four groups, based on the treatment and intervention: Nrf2-/- + UUO, Nrf2-/- + Sham, WT + UUO and WT + Sham. Histological examination of renal tissue following the hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining was carried out, as well as immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, to confirm the in vivo discoveries, in vitro experiments with HK-2 cells were also performed. RESULTS The Nrf2-/- + UUO group showed more severe renal interstitial fibrosis compared to the WT + UUO, Nrf2-/- + Sham and WT + Sham groups. Furthermore, the manifestations of α-SMA and Fibronectin significantly increased, and the manifestation of E-cadherin considerably decreased in kidney tissues from the group of Nrf2-/- + UUO, compared to the WT + UUO group. The Nrf2 protein level significantly decreased in HK-2 cells, in reaction to the TGF-β1 concentration. In addition, the overexpression of Nrf2 presented contradictory results. What is more, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was discovered to be activated in the proteins extracted from cultured cells, and treated with Nrf2 siRNA and kidney tissues from the Nrf2-/- + UUO group. CONCLUSIONS The results we obtained demonstrate that Nrf2 signaling pathway may perhaps offset the development of EMT, prompted by TGF-β1 and renal interstitial fibrosis. Likewise, the anti-fibrotic effect of Nrf2 was imparted by the inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling. From our discoveries, we deliver new insight related to the prevention and treatment of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Haobo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liqu Huang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhu
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jintong Sha
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guogen Li
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Geng Ma
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yunfei Guo
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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16
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Rusetskaya NY, Fedotov IV, Koftina VA, Borodulin VB. [Selenium compounds in redox regulation of inflammation and apoptosis]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2019; 65:165-179. [PMID: 31258141 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20196503165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages play a key role in the development of inflammation: under the action of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), absorbed from the intestine, monocytes and macrophages form reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines, this leads to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation and/or apoptosis in all types of tissues. In the cells LPS induce an "internal" TLR4-mediated MAP-kinase inflammatory signaling pathway and cytokines through the superfamily of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and the "death domain" (DD) initiate an "external" caspase apoptosis cascade or necrosis activation that causes necroptosis. Many of the proteins involved in intracellular signaling cascades (MYD88, ASK1, IKKa/b, NF-kB, AP-1) are redox-sensitive and their activity is regulated by antioxidants thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, nitroredoxin, and glutathione. Oxidation of these signaling proteins induced by ROS enhances the development of inflammation and apoptosis, and their reduction with antioxidants, on the contrary, stabilizes the signaling cascades speed, preventing the vicious circle of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis that follows it. Antioxidant (AO) enzymes thioredoxin reductase (TRXR), glutaredoxin reductase (GLRXR), glutathione reductase (GR) are required for reduction of non-enzymatic antioxidants (thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, nitroredoxin, glutathione), and AO enzymes (SOD, catalase, GPX) are required for ROS deactivation. The key AO enzymes (TRXR and GPX) are selenium-dependent; therefore selenium deficiency leads to a decrease in the body's antioxidant defense, the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and/or apoptosis in various cell types. Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway activated by selenium deficiency and/or oxidative stress is necessary to restore redox homeostasis in the cell. In addition, expression of some genes is changed with selenium deficiency. Consequently, growth and proliferation of cells, their movement, development, death, and survival, as well as the interaction between cells, the redox regulation of intracellular signaling cascades of inflammation and apoptosis, depend on the selenium status of the body. Prophylactic administration of selenium-containing preparations (natural and synthetic (organic and inorganic)) is able to normalize the activity of AO enzymes and the general status of the body. Organic selenium compounds have a high bioavailability and, depending on their concentration, can act both as selenium donors to prevent selenium deficiency and as antitumor drugs due to their toxicity and participation in the regulation of signaling pathways of apoptosis. Known selenorganic compounds diphenyldiselenide and ethaselen share similarity with the Russian organo selenium compound, diacetophenonylselenide (DAPS-25), which serves as a source of bioavailable selenium, exhibits a wide range of biological activity, including antioxidant activity, that governs cell redox balance, inflammation and apoptosis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Y Rusetskaya
- Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia
| | - I V Fedotov
- Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia
| | - V A Koftina
- Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia
| | - V B Borodulin
- Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Saratov, Russia
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17
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Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway protects mice from the DDP-induced acute kidney injury in lung cancer. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:751-760. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01258-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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18
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Zhang H, Peng A, Yu Y, Guo S, Wang M, Wang H. l-Arginine Protects Ovine Intestinal Epithelial Cells from Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis through Alleviating Oxidative Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1683-1690. [PMID: 30685970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to explore the effect of l-arginine (Arg) upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced induction of the oxidative stress as well as subsequent apoptosis within ovine intestinal epithelial cells (IOECs). Through a 16 h incubation, cells were divided into four groups and the medium was replaced with different medium as follows: (1) control (Con), Arg-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's F12 Ham medium (DMEM); (2) Arg treatment, Arg-free DMEM supplemented with 100 μM Arg; (3) LPS treatment, Arg-free DMEM supplemented with 10 μg/mL LPS; (4) LPS with Arg treatment, Arg-free DMEM supplemented with both 10 μg/mL LPS and 100 μM Arg. After culturing for 24 h in different mediums, some characteristics of cells in the four groups were measured. Addition of Arg increased cell viability induced with LPS compared with the LPS group ( p < 0.05). Arg significantly decreased the release of dehydrogenase (LDH) and the production of malonaldehyde (MDA) ( p < 0.05) within IOECs challenged by the LPS. Compared with the LPS group, cells treated with Arg and Arg + LPS increased ( p < 0.05) mRNA as well as protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase (HO-1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). IOEC treatment with Arg reduced significantly ( p < 0.05) apoptosis induced by the LPS (12.58 ± 0.79%). The results showed that Arg promoted the protein expression of Nrf2, up-regulated expression of the phase II metabolizing enzymes (NQO1 and HO-1), as well as antioxidative enzymes (GPx1, CAT, and SOD2) for alleviating oxidative injury and protected IOECs from LPS-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Yin Yu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Mengzhi Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou 225009 , P. R. China
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Qu J, Zhang Z, Zhang P, Zheng C, Zhou W, Cui W, Xu L, Gao J. Downregulation of HMGB1 is required for the protective role of Nrf2 in EMT‐mediated PF. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8862-8872. [PMID: 30370641 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Wencheng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Wenhui Cui
- The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Liang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Jian Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
- The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China
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20
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Zhong L, Hao H, Chen D, Hou Q, Zhu Z, He W, Sun S, Sun M, Li M, Fu X. Arsenic trioxide inhibits the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts through nuclear factor erythroid 2‐like 2 (NFE2L2) protein and the Smad2/3 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2606-2617. [PMID: 30317545 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Zhong
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Haojie Hao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Deyun Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Qian Hou
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Ziying Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Wenjun He
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Sujing Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Mengli Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Meirong Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
- Central Laboratory, Trauma Treatment Center, Central Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital Hainan BranchSanya China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
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21
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Epidermal Growth Factor, through Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Protect IPEC-J2 Cells from Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2018. [PMID: 29538305 PMCID: PMC5877709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been widely used for protection of stress-induced intestinal mucosa dysfunction. However, whether EGF would alleviate oxidative injury and reduce apoptosis in porcine intestine is not yet known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EGF on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced induction of oxidative stress and ensuing apoptosis in the porcine intestinal epithelial cell line, IPEC-J2. The present study showed that EGF significantly increased cell viability and decreased the LPS-induced induction of apoptosis, dehydrogenase (LDH) release and malonaldehyde (MDA) production. EGF also (i) decreased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Fas, Bax, Cascase-3, Cascase-8, Cascase-9, and proteins such as P53, Fas, Bax, Caspase3; (ii) increased antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) expression; (iii) increased mRNA levels of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related genes Nrf2, manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), heme oxygenase (HO-1) and quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1); (iv) protein level of Nrf2-realeted proteins Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1; and (v) total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), CAT, SOD, GSH-Px concentrations. Collectively, our results indicated that EGF enhanced Nrf2 protein expression, and upregulated the expression of phase II metabolizing enzymes (such as HO-1 and NQO1) and antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and GSH-Px) to alleviate oxidative injury, and then protect IPEC-J2 cells from apoptosis induced by LPS.
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22
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Deficiency of primary cilia in kidney epithelial cells induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:450-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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NFE2L2/NRF2 silencing-inducible miR-206 targets c-MET/EGFR and suppresses BCRP/ABCG2 in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107188-107205. [PMID: 29291022 PMCID: PMC5739807 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) plays a critical role in the expression of multiple antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. Herein, we provide evidence of the molecular links between NRF2 and oncogenic signaling hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR/c-MET) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Interfering RNA-induced stable inhibition of NRF2 in ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 and renal carcinoma A498 reduced the levels of c-MET and EGFR. MicroRNA-206 (miR-206) that was increased in both NRF2-silenced cells was predicted as a dual regulator of c-MET and EGFR. As experimental evidence, miR-206 decreased c-MET and EGFR levels through a direct binding to the 3′-untranslated region of the c-MET and EGFR genes. The treatment of NRF2-knockdown cells with the miR-206 inhibitor could restore c-MET and EGFR levels. The miR-206-mediated c-MET/EGFR repression resulted in two outcomes. First, presumably through the inhibition of c-MET/EGFR-dependent cell proliferation, overexpression of miR-206 inhibited tumor growth in SKOV3-inoculated nude mice. Second, reduced c-MET/EGFR in NRF2-silenced cells affected breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) levels. The pharmacological and genetic inhibition of c-MET or EGFR, as well as the miR-206 mimic treatment, repressed BCRP levels and increased cellular accumulation of doxorubicin. In line with these, treatment of NRF2-silenced SKOV3 with the miR-206 inhibitor elevated BCRP levels and consequently made these cells more resistant to doxorubicin treatment. Collectively, our results demonstrated that the NRF2 silencing-inducible miR-206 targeted both c-MET and EGFR, and subsequently suppressed the BCRP level in cancer cells.
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Jung KA, Lee S, Kwak MK. NFE2L2/NRF2 Activity Is Linked to Mitochondria and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Cancers Through miR-181c/Mitochondria-Encoded Cytochrome c Oxidase Regulation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:945-961. [PMID: 28383996 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NFE2L2; NFE2L2/NRF2) pathway contributes to the environmental resistance of cancers by enhancing the antioxidant capacity. Here, we explored the potential connection between NFE2L2/NRF2 and mitochondrial function in cancers. RESULTS Global miRNA expression analysis of HT29 and HCT116 human colon cancer cells identified that NFE2L2/NRF2 silencing upregulated miR-181c through nuclear factor-κB signaling, and this increase was associated with the reduction in mitochondria-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit-1 (MT-CO1), a catalytic core subunit of the complex IV of the electron transport chain (ETC). As a result of ETC dysfunction, NFE2L2/NRF2-silenced cancer cells exhibited the decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption rate, and cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents. Notably, these changes induced adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα) activation and subsequent metabolic adaptation signaling, including the inhibition of fatty acid and sterol biosynthesis enzymes. As supportive evidence of AMPKα-driven adaption, NFE2L2/NRF2-silenced cells were more vulnerable to AMPKα inhibition-induced growth suppression. Similarly, mouse tumor xenografts derived from NFE2L2/NRF2-silenced HT29 exhibited MT-CO1 reduction and AMPKα activation, thereby increasing responsiveness to the AMPK inhibitor treatment. The association of NFE2L2/NRF2 with MT-CO1 and AMPKα was confirmed in breast cancer cells. INNOVATION We demonstrated the significance of NFE2L2/NRF2 in cancer mitochondria by elucidating the involvement of miR-181c/MT-CO1 as underlying molecular events. We also provide evidence of the crosstalk between NFE2L2/NRF2 and AMPKα as an adaptive link in cancers. CONCLUSION Therefore, it may be an effective strategy to inhibit both NFE2L2/NRF2 and AMPKα signaling to overcome adaptive behaviors of cancer. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 945-961.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Ah Jung
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Lee
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- 1 Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,2 College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Izumi Y, Inoue H, Nakayama Y, Eguchi K, Yasuoka Y, Matsuo N, Nonoguchi H, Kakizoe Y, Kuwabara T, Mukoyama M. TSS-Seq analysis of low pH-induced gene expression in intercalated cells in the renal collecting duct. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184185. [PMID: 28859164 PMCID: PMC5578634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic acidosis often results from chronic kidney disease; in turn, metabolic acidosis accelerates the progression of kidney injury. The mechanisms for how acidosis facilitates kidney injury are not fully understood. To investigate whether low pH directly affects the expression of genes controlling local homeostasis in renal tubules, we performed transcription start site sequencing (TSS-Seq) using IN-IC cells, a cell line derived from rat renal collecting duct intercalated cells, with acid loading for 24 h. Peak calling identified 651 up-regulated and 128 down-regulated TSSs at pH 7.0 compared with those at pH 7.4. Among them, 424 and 38 TSSs were ≥ 1.0 and ≤ -1.0 in Log2 fold change, which were annotated to 193 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated genes, respectively. We used gene ontology analysis and manual curation to profile the up-regulated genes. The analysis revealed that many up-regulated genes are involved in renal fibrosis, implying potential molecular mechanisms induced by metabolic acidosis. To verify the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), a candidate pathway activated by acidosis, we examined the expression of proteins from cells treated with a proteasome inhibitor, MG132. The expression of ubiquitinated proteins was greater at pH 7.0 than at pH 7.4, suggesting that low pH activates the UPS. The in vivo study demonstrated that acid loading increased the expression of ubiquitin proteins in the collecting duct cells in mouse kidneys. Motif analysis revealed Egr1, the mRNA expression of which was increased at low pH, as a candidate factor that possibly stimulates gene expression in response to low pH. In conclusion, metabolic acidosis can facilitate renal injury and fibrosis during kidney disease by locally activating various pathways in the renal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Inoue
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yushi Nakayama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Koji Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yasuoka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Naomi Matsuo
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Education & Research Center, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
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Yu M, Han G, Qi B, Wu X. Cx32 reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in doxorubicin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2121-2128. [PMID: 28260043 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been reported to be an important mechanism of drug resistance in numerous types of cancer cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Connexin (Cx)32 plays a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis. The present study investigated the role of Cx32 in the regulation of chemotherapy-induced EMT in HCC. We found that the expression levels of Cx32 and E-cadherin were clearly decreased in HCC tissues compared with the corresponding paracancerous tissues, while the expression level of vimentin was significantly enhanced in HCC tissues. The expression of Cx32 had a strong correlation with the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin. In an in vitro study, a doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant liver cell line HepG2/DOX was established from parental HepG2 cells. The results showed that HepG2/DOX cells acquired EMT characteristics, with a decreased expression level of E-cadherin and an enhanced expression level of vimentin, and possessed high migratory abilities and invasiveness. Meanwhile, Cx32 was significantly decreased in the HepG2/DOX cells. Knockdown of Cx32 by shRNA in HepG2 cells induced EMT, while overexpression of Cx32 converted EMT to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in the HepG2/DOX cells. These results suggest that Cx32 is an important regulator of DOX-induced EMT in HCC. Cx32 could be considered as a novel target to reverse DOX resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233004, P.R. China
| | - Guangshu Han
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233030, P.R. China
| | - Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, Bengbu 233004, P.R. China
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Zhou W, Mo X, Cui W, Zhang Z, Li D, Li L, Xu L, Yao H, Gao J. Nrf2 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition by suppressing snail expression during pulmonary fibrosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38646. [PMID: 27982105 PMCID: PMC5159829 DOI: 10.1038/srep38646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a phenotype conversion that plays a critical role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). It is known that snail could regulate the progression of EMT. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of antioxidant defense system, protects cells against oxidative stress. However, it is not known whether Nrf2 regulates snail thereby modulating the development of PF. Here, bleomycin (BLM) was intratracheally injected into both Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-/-) and wild-type mice to compare the development of PF. Rat type II alveolar epithelial cells (RLE-6TN) were treated with a specific Nrf2 activator sulforaphane, or transfected with Nrf2 and snail siRNAs to determine their effects on transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT. We found that BLM-induced EMT and lung fibrosis were more severe in Nrf2-/- mice compared to wild-type mice. In vitro, sulforaphane treatment attenuated TGF-β1-induced EMT, accompanied by the down-regulation of snail. Inversely, silencing Nrf2 by siRNA enhanced TGF-β1-induced EMT along with increased expression of snail. Interestingly, when snail was silenced by siRNA, sulforaphane treatment was unable to reduce the progression of EMT in RLE-6TN cells. These findings suggest that Nrf2 attenuates EMT and fibrosis process by regulating the expression of snail in PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoting Mo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wenhui Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Delin Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Liucheng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Liang Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Hongwei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jian Gao
- The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
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Ryoo IG, Kim G, Choi BH, Lee SH, Kwak MK. Involvement of NRF2 Signaling in Doxorubicin Resistance of Cancer Stem Cell-Enriched Colonospheres. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:482-8. [PMID: 27582554 PMCID: PMC5012872 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subset of tumor cells, which are characterized by resistance against chemotherapy and environmental stress, and are known to cause tumor relapse after therapy. A number of molecular mechanisms underlie the chemoresistance of CSCs, including high expression levels of drug efflux transporters. We investigated the role of the antioxidant transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in chemoresistance development, using a CSC-enriched colonosphere system. HCT116 colonospheres were more resistant to doxorubicin-induced cell death and expressed higher levels of drug efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) compared to HCT116 monolayers. Notably, levels of NRF2 and expression of its target genes were substantially elevated in colonospheres, and these increases were linked to doxorubicin resistance. When NRF2 expression was silenced in colonospheres, Pgp and BCRP expression was downregulated, and doxorubicin resistance was diminished. Collectively, these results indicate that NRF2 activation contributes to chemoresistance acquisition in CSC-enriched colonospheres through the upregulation of drug efflux transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Geun Ryoo
- epartment of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,K21 Plus Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Kim
- epartment of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,K21 Plus Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyun Choi
- epartment of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,K21 Plus Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Lee
- epartment of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,K21 Plus Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- epartment of Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,K21 Plus Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
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Qin T, Yin S, Yang J, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Huang F, Cao W. Sinomenine attenuates renal fibrosis through Nrf2-mediated inhibition of oxidative stress and TGFβ signaling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 304:1-8. [PMID: 27211841 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common feature of chronic kidney disease and mainly mediated by TGFβ-associated pro-fibrogenic signaling, which causes excessive extracellular matrix accumulation and successive loss of kidney functions. Sinomenine (SIN), an alkaloid derived from medicinal herb extensively used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and various inflammatory disorders, displays renal protective properties in experimental animals; however its pharmacological potency against renal fibrosis is not explored. In this study we report that SIN possesses strong anti-renal fibrosis functions in kidney cell and in mouse fibrotic kidney. SIN beneficially modulated the pro-fibrogenic protein expression in TGFβ-treated kidney cells and attenuated the renal fibrotic pathogenesis incurred by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), which correlated with its activation of Nrf2 signaling - the key defender against oxidative stress with anti-fibrotic potentials. Further investigation on its regulation of Nrf2 downstream events revealed that SIN significantly balanced oxidative stress via improving the expression and activity of anti-oxidant and detoxifying enzymes, and interrupted the pro-fibrogenic signaling of TGFβ/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin. Even more impressively SIN achieved its anti-fibrotic activities in an Nrf2-dependent manner, suggesting that SIN regulation of Nrf2-associated anti-fibrotic activities constitutes a critical component of SIN's renoprotective functions. Collectively our studies have demonstrated a novel anti-fibrotic property of SIN and its upstream events and provided a molecular basis for SIN's potential applications in treatment of renal fibrosis-associated kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qin
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shasha Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Fengjie Huang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wangsen Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Ryoo IG, Choi BH, Kwak MK. Activation of NRF2 by p62 and proteasome reduction in sphere-forming breast carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8167-84. [PMID: 25717032 PMCID: PMC4480743 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) express high levels of drug efflux transporters and antioxidant genes, and are therefore believed to be responsible for cancer recurrence following chemo/radiotherapy intervention. In this study, we investigated the role of NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant gene expression, in the growth and stress resistance of CSC-enriched mammosphere. The MCF7 mammospheres expressed significantly higher levels of the NRF2 protein and target gene expression compared to the monolayer. As underlying mechanisms, we observed that proteolytic activity and expression of the proteasome catalytic subunits were decreased in the mammospheres. Additionally, mammospheres retained a high level of p62 and the silencing of p62 was observed to attenuate NRF2 activation. NRF2 increase was confirmed in sphere-cultures of the colon and ovarian cancer cells. The functional implication of NRF2 was demonstrated in NRF2-knockdown mammospheres. NRF2-silenced mammospheres demonstrated increased cell death and retarded sphere growth as a result of target gene repression. Moreover, unlike the control mammospheres, NRF2-knockdown mammospheres did not develop anticancer drug resistance. Collectively, these results indicated that altered proteasome function and p62 expression caused NRF2 activation in CSC-enriched mammospheres. In addition, NRF2 appeared to play a role in CSC survival and anticancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Geun Ryoo
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim DH, Choi BH, Ku SK, Park JH, Oh E, Kwak MK. Beneficial Effects of Sarpogrelate and Rosuvastatin in High Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Nephropathy in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153965. [PMID: 27097221 PMCID: PMC4838298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major complication of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension. Comorbidity of these diseases is the factor exacerbating CKD progression. Statins are commonly used in patients with metabolic disorders to decrease the risk of cardiovascular complications. Sarpogrelate, a selective antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 2A receptor, inhibits platelet aggregation and is used to improve peripheral circulation in diabetic patients. Here, we investigated the effects of sarpogrelate and rosuvastatin on CKD in mice that were subjected to a high fat diet (HFD) for 22 weeks and a single low dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg). When mice were administrated sarpogrelate (50 mg/kg, p.o.) for 13 weeks, albuminuria and urinary cystatin C excretion were normalized and histopathological changes such as glomerular mesangial expansion, tubular damage, and accumulations in lipid droplets and collagen were significantly improved. Sarpogrelate treatment repressed the HFD/STZ-induced CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 expressions, indicating the attenuation of glomerular endothelial proliferation. Additionally, sarpogrelate inhibited interstitial fibrosis by suppressing the increases in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). All of these functional and histological improvements were also seen in rosuvastatin (20 mg/kg) group and, notably, the combinatorial treatment with sarpogrelate and rosuvastatin showed additive beneficial effects on histopathological changes by HFD/STZ. Moreover, sarpogrelate reduced circulating levels of PAI-1 that were elevated in the HFD/STZ group. As supportive in vitro evidence, sarpogrelate incubation blocked TGF-β1/5-HT-inducible PAI-1 expression in murine glomerular mesangial cells. Taken together, sarpogrelate and rosuvastatin may be advantageous to control the progression of CKD in patients with comorbid metabolic disorders, and particularly, the use of sarpogrelate as adjunctive therapy with statins may provide additional benefits on CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-hyun Kim
- College of pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-hyun Choi
- College of pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeonsangbuk-do, 712-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-hyeon Park
- College of pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Euichaul Oh
- College of pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- College of pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Espinosa-Diez C, Fierro-Fernández M, Sánchez-Gómez F, Rodríguez-Pascual F, Alique M, Ruiz-Ortega M, Beraza N, Martínez-Chantar ML, Fernández-Hernando C, Lamas S. Targeting of Gamma-Glutamyl-Cysteine Ligase by miR-433 Reduces Glutathione Biosynthesis and Promotes TGF-β-Dependent Fibrogenesis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:1092-105. [PMID: 25353619 PMCID: PMC4657521 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Glutathione (GSH) is the main antioxidant against cell damage. Several pathological states course with reduced nucleophilic tone and perturbation of redox homeostasis due to changes in the 2GSH/GSSG ratio. Here, we investigated the regulation of the rate-limiting GSH biosynthetic heterodimeric enzyme γ-glutamyl-cysteine ligase (GCL) by microRNAs (miRNAs). RESULTS "In silico" analysis of the 3'- untranslated regions (UTRs) of both catalytic (GCLc) and regulatory (GCLm) subunits of GCL enabled an identification of miR-433 as a strong candidate for the targeting of GCL. Transitory overexpression of miR-433 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) showed a downregulation of both GCLc and GCLm in a nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)-independent manner. Increases in pro-oxidant stimuli such as exposure to hydrogen peroxide or GSH depletion in endothelial and hepatic cells caused an expected increase in GCLc and GCLm protein expression and abrogation of miR-433 levels, thus supporting a cross-regulation of these pathways. Treatment of HUVEC with miR-433 resulted in reduced antioxidant and redox potentials, increased S-glutathionylation, and reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation. In vivo models of renal and hepatic fibrosis were associated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-related reduction of GCLc and GCLm levels that were miR-433 dependent. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION We describe for the first time an miRNA, miR-433, capable of directly targeting GCL and promoting functional consequences in endothelial physiology and fibrotic processes by decreasing GSH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Espinosa-Diez
- 1 Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa, " Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fierro-Fernández
- 1 Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa, " Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Gómez
- 1 Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa, " Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Pascual
- 1 Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa, " Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Alique
- 2 Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- 2 Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Naiara Beraza
- 3 Department of Metabolomics, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd) , Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Maria L Martínez-Chantar
- 3 Department of Metabolomics, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd) , Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- 4 Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Santiago Lamas
- 1 Departamento de Biología Celular e Inmunología, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa, " Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
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Lee JY, Lee BH, Kim ND, Lee JY. Celastrol blocks binding of lipopolysaccharides to a Toll-like receptor4/myeloid differentiation factor2 complex in a thiol-dependent manner. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 172:254-60. [PMID: 26116162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tripterygium wilfordii (lei gong teng; Thunder of God Vine), which belongs to the Celastraceae family, has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. Celastrol is a bioactive compound isolated from T. wilfordii. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated whether celastrol suppressed binding of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2), thereby downregulating Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) activation in mouse primary macrophages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytokine expression was determined by polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in bone marrow-derived primary macrophages (BMDMs). The kinase activity of tank-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) was examined by a luciferase reporter assay and an in vitro kinase assay. LPS binding to MD2 was examined by an in vitro binding assay and confocal microscopy analysis. RESULTS Celastrol reduced LPS-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and IL-1β, at both the mRNA and protein levels in BMDMs. Celastrol suppressed LPS binding to MD2, as shown by the in vitro binding assay, whereas it did not inhibit TBK1. In addition, co-localization of LPS with MD2 in BMDMs was blocked by celastrol. The inhibitory effects of celastrol on LPS binding to MD2 were reversed by thiol donors (N-acetyl-L-cysteine and dithiothreitol), suggesting that the thiol reactivity of celastrol contributes to its inhibitory effects on TLR4 activation in macrophages. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that celastrol suppresses TLR4 activation through the inhibition of LPS binding to the TLR4/MD2 complex. These results provide a novel mechanism of action by which celastrol contributes to the anti-inflammatory activity of T. wilfordii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Lee
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 420-743 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Ho Lee
- Pharmacology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 305-343 Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, New Drug Development Center, Daegu, 706-010 Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 420-743 Republic of Korea.
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Song MG, Ryoo IG, Choi HY, Choi BH, Kim ST, Heo TH, Lee JY, Park PH, Kwak MK. NRF2 Signaling Negatively Regulates Phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate (PMA)-Induced Differentiation of Human Monocytic U937 Cells into Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26222138 PMCID: PMC4519053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood monocytes are recruited to injured tissue sites and differentiate into macrophages, which protect against pathogens and repair damaged tissues. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be an important contributor to monocytes’ differentiation and macrophages’ function. NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor regulating cellular redox homeostasis, is known to be a critical modulator of inflammatory responses. We herein investigated the role of NRF2 in macrophage differentiation using the human monocytic U937 cell line and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). In U937 cells with NRF2 silencing, PMA-stimulated cell adherence was significantly facilitated when compared to control U937 cells. Both transcript and protein levels for pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukine-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) were highly elevated in PMA-stimulated NRF2-silenced U937 compared to the control. In addition, PMA-inducible secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) was significantly high in NRF2-silenced U937. As an underlying mechanism, we showed that NRF2-knockdown U937 retained high levels of cellular ROS and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers expression; and subsequently, PMA-stimulated levels of Ca2+ and PKCα were greater in NRF2-knockdown U937 cells, which caused enhanced nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor-ҡB (NFҡB) p50 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 phosphorylation. Whereas the treatment of NRF2-silenced U937 cells with pharmacological inhibitors of NFҡB or ERK1/2 largely blocked PMA-induced IL-1β and IL-6 expression, indicating that these pathways are associated with cell differentiation. Taken together, our results suggest that the NRF2 system functions to suppress PMA-stimulated U937 cell differentiation into pro-inflammatory macrophages and provide evidence that the ROS-PKCα-ERK-NFҡB axis is involved in PMA-facilitated differentiation of NRF2-silenced U937 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-gu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712–749, Republic of Korea
| | - In-geun Ryoo
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420–743, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-young Choi
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420–743, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-hyun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420–743, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Tae Kim
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do 463–707, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420–743, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420–743, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 712–749, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420–743, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Park MK, Kang GJ, Byun HJ, Lee H, Lee CH. Cardamonin Suppresses TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Restoring Protein Phosphatase 2A Expression. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2015; 23:141-8. [PMID: 25767682 PMCID: PMC4354315 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the first step in metastasis and implicated in the phenotype of cancer stem cells. Therefore, understanding and controlling EMT, are essential to the prevention and cure of metastasis. In the present study, we examined, by Western blot, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and confocal microscopy, the effects of cardamonin (CDN) on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced EMT of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. TGF-β1 induced expression of N-cadherin and decreased expression of E-cadherin. CDN suppressed N-cadherin expression and restored E-cadherin expression. Further, TGF-β1 induced migration and invasion of A549 cancer cells, which was suppressed by CDN. TGF-β1 induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation during EMT, but CDN blocked it. Protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) expression in A549 cancer cells was reduced by TGF-β1 but CDN restored it. The overall data suggested that CDN suppresses TGF-β1-induced EMT via PP2A restoration, making it a potential new drug candidate that controls metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ji Kim
- BK21PLUS R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kim
- BK21PLUS R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- BK21PLUS R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeung Jin Kang
- BK21PLUS R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Byun
- BK21PLUS R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- BK21PLUS R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
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Choi BH, Kang KS, Kwak MK. Effect of redox modulating NRF2 activators on chronic kidney disease. Molecules 2014; 19:12727-59. [PMID: 25140450 PMCID: PMC6271622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190812727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is featured by a progressive decline of kidney function and is mainly caused by chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. CKD is a complex disease due to cardiovascular complications and high morbidity; however, there is no single treatment to improve kidney function in CKD patients. Since biological markers representing oxidative stress are significantly elevated in CKD patients, oxidative stress is receiving attention as a contributing factor to CKD pathology. Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) is a predominant transcription factor that regulates the expression of a wide array of genes encoding antioxidant proteins, thiol molecules and their generating enzymes, detoxifying enzymes, and stress response proteins, all of which can counteract inflammatory and oxidative damages. There is considerable experimental evidence suggesting that NRF2 signaling plays a protective role in renal injuries that are caused by various pathologic conditions. In addition, impaired NRF2 activity and consequent target gene repression have been observed in CKD animals. Therefore, a pharmacological intervention activating NRF2 signaling can be beneficial in protecting against kidney dysfunction in CKD. This review article provides an overview of the role of NRF2 in experimental CKD models and describes current findings on the renoprotective effects of naturally occurring NRF2 activators, including sulforaphane, resveratrol, curcumin, and cinnamic aldehyde. These experimental results, coupled with recent clinical experiences with a synthetic triterpenoid, bardoxolone methyl, have brought a light of hope for ameliorating CKD progression by preventing oxidative stress and maintaining cellular redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-hyun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, Korea.
| | - Kyung-Shin Kang
- Daewon Foreign Language High School, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-713, Korea.
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, Korea.
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