1
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Hövelmann SC, Dieball E, Kuhn J, Dargasz M, Giri RP, Reise F, Paulus M, Lindhorst TK, Murphy BM. Photoinduced bidirectional mesophase transition in vesicles containing azobenzene amphiphiles. IUCRJ 2024; 11:486-493. [PMID: 38805319 PMCID: PMC11220873 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252524004032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The functionality and efficiency of proteins within a biological membrane are highly dependent on both the membrane lipid composition and the physiochemical properties of the solution. Lipid mesophases are directly influenced by changes in temperature, pH, water content or due to individual properties of single lipids such as photoswitchability. In this work, we were able to induce light- and temperature-driven mesophase transitions in a model membrane system containing a mixture of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine phospholipids and azobenzene amphiphiles. We observed reversible and reproducible transitions between the lamellar and Pn3m cubic phase after illuminating the sample for 5 min with light of 365 and 455 nm wavelengths, respectively, to switch between the cis and trans states of the azobenzene N=N double bond. These light-controlled mesophase transitions were found for mixed complexes with up to 20% content of the photosensitive molecule and at temperatures below the gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition temperature of 33°C. Our results demonstrate the potential to design bespoke model systems to study the response of membrane lipids and proteins upon changes in mesophase without altering the environment and thus provide a possible basis for drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja C. Hövelmann
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel UniversityLeibnizstraße 1924118 KielGermany
- Deutsche Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYNotkestraße 8522607 HamburgGermany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ella Dieball
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel UniversityLeibnizstraße 1924118 KielGermany
| | - Jule Kuhn
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel UniversityLeibnizstraße 1924118 KielGermany
| | - Michelle Dargasz
- Department PhysikUniversität SiegenWalter-Flex-Strasse 357072 SiegenGermany
| | - Rajendra P. Giri
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel UniversityLeibnizstraße 1924118 KielGermany
| | - Franziska Reise
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryKiel UniversityOtto-Hahn-Platz 3-424118 KielGermany
| | - Michael Paulus
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, TU Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryKiel UniversityOtto-Hahn-Platz 3-424118 KielGermany
| | - Bridget M. Murphy
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel UniversityLeibnizstraße 1924118 KielGermany
- Ruprecht Haensel Laboratory, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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2
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Vidakovic I, Kornmueller K, Fiedler D, Khinast J, Fröhlich E, Leitinger G, Horn C, Quehenberger J, Spadiut O, Prassl R. Archaeosomes for Oral Drug Delivery: From Continuous Microfluidics Production to Powdered Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:694. [PMID: 38931818 PMCID: PMC11206520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Archaeosomes were manufactured from natural archaeal lipids by a microfluidics-assisted single-step production method utilizing a mixture of di- and tetraether lipids extracted from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the exceptional stability of archaeosomes as potential carriers for oral drug delivery, with a focus on powdered formulations. The archaeosomes were negatively charged with a size of approximately 100 nm and a low polydispersity index. To assess their suitability for oral delivery, the archaeosomes were loaded with two model drugs: calcein, a fluorescent compound, and insulin, a peptide hormone. The archaeosomes demonstrated high stability in simulated intestinal fluids, with only 5% of the encapsulated compounds being released after 24 h, regardless of the presence of degrading enzymes or extremely acidic pH values such as those found in the stomach. In a co-culture cell model system mimicking the intestinal barrier, the archaeosomes showed strong adhesion to the cell membranes, facilitating a slow release of contents. The archaeosomes were loaded with insulin in a single-step procedure achieving an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 35%. These particles have been exposed to extreme manufacturing temperatures during freeze-drying and spray-drying processes, demonstrating remarkable resilience under these harsh conditions. The fabrication of stable dry powder formulations of archaeosomes represents a promising advancement toward the development of solid dosage forms for oral delivery of biological drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Vidakovic
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (I.V.); (K.K.)
| | - Karin Kornmueller
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (I.V.); (K.K.)
| | - Daniela Fiedler
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | | | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Gerd Leitinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | | | - Julian Quehenberger
- NovoArc GmbH, 1120 Vienna, Austria; (C.H.); (J.Q.)
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (I.V.); (K.K.)
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3
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Wu C, Wang M, Sun J, Jia Y, Zhu X, Liu G, Zhu Y, Guan Y, Zhang Z, Pang X. Peptide-drug co-assembling: A potent armament against cancer. Theranostics 2023; 13:5322-5347. [PMID: 37908727 PMCID: PMC10614680 DOI: 10.7150/thno.87356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the major problems threatening human health and the therapeutical efficacies of available treatment choices are often rather low. Due to their favorable biocompatibility, simplicity of modification, and improved therapeutic efficacy, peptide-based self-assembled delivery systems have undergone significant evolution. Physical encapsulation and covalent conjugation are two common approaches to load drugs for peptide assembly-based delivery, which are always associated with drug leaks in the blood circulation system or changed pharmacological activities, respectively. To overcome these difficulties, a more elegant peptide-based assembly strategy is desired. Notably, peptide-mediated co-assembly with drug molecules provides a new method for constructing nanomaterials with improved versatility and structural stability. The co-assembly strategy can be used to design various nanostructures for cancer therapy, such as nanotubes, nanofibrils, hydrogels, and nanovesicles. Recently, these co-assembled nanostructures have gained tremendous attention for their unique superiorities in tumor therapy. This article describes the classification of assembled peptides, driving forces for co-assembly, and specifically, the design methodologies for various drug molecules in co-assembly. It also highlights recent research on peptide-mediated co-assembled delivery systems for cancer therapy. Finally, it summarizes the pros and cons of co-assembly in cancer therapy and offers some suggestions for conquering the challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Manman Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jinpan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yongyan Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiali Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Gaizhi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanhui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yanbin Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xin Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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4
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Selmani A, Seibert E, Tetyczka C, Kuehnelt D, Vidakovic I, Kornmueller K, Absenger-Novak M, Radatović B, Vinković Vrček I, Leitinger G, Fröhlich E, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Roblegg E, Prassl R. Thiolated Chitosan Conjugated Liposomes for Oral Delivery of Selenium Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040803. [PMID: 35456640 PMCID: PMC9032237 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to design a hybrid oral liposomal delivery system for selenium nanoparticles (Lip-SeNPs) to improve the bioavailability of selenium. Thiolated chitosan, a multifunctional polymer with mucoadhesive properties, was used for surface functionalization of Lip-SeNPs. Selenium nanoparticle (SeNP)-loaded liposomes were manufactured by a single step microfluidics-assisted chemical reduction and assembling process. Subsequently, chitosan-N-acetylcysteine was covalently conjugated to the preformed Lip-SeNPs. The Lip-SeNPs were characterized in terms of composition, morphology, size, zeta potential, lipid organization, loading efficiency and radical scavenging activity. A co-culture system (Caco-2:HT29-MTX) that integrates mucus secreting and enterocyte-like cell types was used as a model of the human intestinal epithelium to determine adsorption, mucus penetration, release and transport properties of Lip-SeNPs in vitro. Thiolated Lip-SeNPs were positively charged with an average size of about 250 nm. Thiolated Lip-SeNPs tightly adhered to the mucus layer without penetrating the enterocytes. This finding was consistent with ex vivo adsorption studies using freshly excised porcine small intestinal tissues. Due to the improved mucoadhesion and retention in a simulated microenvironment of the small intestine, thiolated Lip-SeNPs might be a promising tool for oral selenium delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiđa Selmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.S.); (C.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Elisabeth Seibert
- Division of Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.S.); (I.V.); (K.K.)
| | - Carolin Tetyczka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.S.); (C.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Doris Kuehnelt
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Ivan Vidakovic
- Division of Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.S.); (I.V.); (K.K.)
| | - Karin Kornmueller
- Division of Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.S.); (I.V.); (K.K.)
| | - Markus Absenger-Novak
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.A.-N.); (E.F.)
| | - Borna Radatović
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | | | - Gerd Leitinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.A.-N.); (E.F.)
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (A.S.); (C.T.); (E.R.)
| | - Ruth Prassl
- Division of Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (E.S.); (I.V.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-71695
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5
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Nap RJ, Qiao B, Palmer LC, Stupp SI, Olvera de la Cruz M, Szleifer I. Acid-Base Equilibrium and Dielectric Environment Regulate Charge in Supramolecular Nanofibers. Front Chem 2022; 10:852164. [PMID: 35372273 PMCID: PMC8965714 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.852164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide amphiphiles are a class of molecules that can self-assemble into a variety of supramolecular structures, including high-aspect-ratio nanofibers. It is challenging to model and predict the charges in these supramolecular nanofibers because the ionization state of the peptides are not fixed but liable to change due to the acid-base equilibrium that is coupled to the structural organization of the peptide amphiphile molecules. Here, we have developed a theoretical model to describe and predict the amount of charge found on self-assembled peptide amphiphiles as a function of pH and ion concentration. In particular, we computed the amount of charge of peptide amphiphiles nanofibers with the sequence C16 − V2A2E2. In our theoretical formulation, we consider charge regulation of the carboxylic acid groups, which involves the acid-base chemical equilibrium of the glutamic acid residues and the possibility of ion condensation. The charge regulation is coupled with the local dielectric environment by allowing for a varying dielectric constant that also includes a position-dependent electrostatic solvation energy for the charged species. We find that the charges on the glutamic acid residues of the peptide amphiphile nanofiber are much lower than the same functional group in aqueous solution. There is a strong coupling between the charging via the acid-base equilibrium and the local dielectric environment. Our model predicts a much lower degree of deprotonation for a position-dependent relative dielectric constant compared to a constant dielectric background. Furthermore, the shape and size of the electrostatic potential as well as the counterion distribution are quantitatively and qualitatively different. These results indicate that an accurate model of peptide amphiphile self-assembly must take into account charge regulation of acidic groups through acid–base equilibria and ion condensation, as well as coupling to the local dielectric environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikkert J. Nap
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Rikkert J. Nap, ; Igal Szleifer,
| | - Baofu Qiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Liam C. Palmer
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Samuel I. Stupp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Monica Olvera de la Cruz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Center for Computation and Theory of Soft Materials, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Igal Szleifer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Rikkert J. Nap, ; Igal Szleifer,
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6
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Matthyssen T, Li W, Holden JA, Lenzo JC, Hadjigol S, O’Brien-Simpson NM. The Potential of Modified and Multimeric Antimicrobial Peptide Materials as Superbug Killers. Front Chem 2022; 9:795433. [PMID: 35083194 PMCID: PMC8785218 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.795433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are found in nearly all living organisms, show broad spectrum antibacterial activity, and can modulate the immune system. Furthermore, they have a very low level of resistance induction in bacteria, which makes them an ideal target for drug development and for targeting multi-drug resistant bacteria 'Superbugs'. Despite this promise, AMP therapeutic use is hampered as typically they are toxic to mammalian cells, less active under physiological conditions and are susceptible to proteolytic degradation. Research has focused on addressing these limitations by modifying natural AMP sequences by including e.g., d-amino acids and N-terminal and amino acid side chain modifications to alter structure, hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and charge of the AMP to improve antimicrobial activity and specificity and at the same time reduce mammalian cell toxicity. Recently, multimerisation (dimers, oligomer conjugates, dendrimers, polymers and self-assembly) of natural and modified AMPs has further been used to address these limitations and has created compounds that have improved activity and biocompatibility compared to their linear counterparts. This review investigates how modifying and multimerising AMPs impacts their activity against bacteria in planktonic and biofilm states of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Matthyssen
- ACTV Research Group, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, Royal Dental Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wenyi Li
- ACTV Research Group, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, Royal Dental Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James A. Holden
- Centre for Oral Health Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Royal Dental Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason C. Lenzo
- Centre for Oral Health Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Royal Dental Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sara Hadjigol
- ACTV Research Group, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, Royal Dental Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Neil M. O’Brien-Simpson
- ACTV Research Group, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Dental School, Centre for Oral Health Research, Royal Dental Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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7
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Kratochvil HT, Newberry RW, Mensa B, Mravic M, DeGrado WF. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Analysis and de novo design of membrane-interactive peptides. Faraday Discuss 2021; 232:9-48. [PMID: 34693965 PMCID: PMC8979563 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00061f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-peptide interactions play critical roles in many cellular and organismic functions, including protection from infection, remodeling of membranes, signaling, and ion transport. Peptides interact with membranes in a variety of ways: some associate with membrane surfaces in either intrinsically disordered conformations or well-defined secondary structures. Peptides with sufficient hydrophobicity can also insert vertically as transmembrane monomers, and many associate further into membrane-spanning helical bundles. Indeed, some peptides progress through each of these stages in the process of forming oligomeric bundles. In each case, the structure of the peptide and the membrane represent a delicate balance between peptide-membrane and peptide-peptide interactions. We will review this literature from the perspective of several biologically important systems, including antimicrobial peptides and their mimics, α-synuclein, receptor tyrosine kinases, and ion channels. We also discuss the use of de novo design to construct models to test our understanding of the underlying principles and to provide useful leads for pharmaceutical intervention of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong T Kratochvil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Robert W Newberry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Bruk Mensa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Marco Mravic
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - William F DeGrado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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8
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Alsalhi A, Ayon NJ, Sikder S, Youan BBC. Self-Assembled Nanomicelles to Enhance Solubility and Anticancer Activity of Etoposide. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2021; 19:526-538. [PMID: 34813380 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2021.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that etoposide/VP-16 nanomicellar formulation (VP-16 NMF) utilizing D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) can improve etoposide solubility and anticancer activity. The following four different concentrations of TPGS: 3, 6, 8, and 10 wt% were used to solubilize the drug. Among these four formulations, 10 wt% of TPGS loaded with VP-16 NMF dramatically enhanced etoposide apparent solubility by 26-folds compared with the native drug. The physicochemical properties of the optimized formulation were further analyzed by dynamic light scattering, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to assess solubility and intracellular uptake of the drug from the NMF. Cell viability assay ([3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H tetrazolium solution [MTS]) was performed on MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines to assess intracellular uptake and anticancer activity of etoposide. The MTS assay results showed that the VP-16 NMF platform provides a higher anticancer activity than the native VP-16 on the MCF-7 cells line as it integrates a dual anticancer activity of VP-16 and TPGS. LC-MS/MS data showed a threefold increase in cellular uptake of VP-16 NMF in MCF-7 cell line compared with the native etoposide. These data suggest that an optimal TPGS concentration can improve VP-16 bioavailability and efficacy with potential benefits for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alsalhi
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Navid J Ayon
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Sadia Sikder
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Bi-Botti C Youan
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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9
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Freire RV, Pillco-Valencia Y, da Hora GC, Ramstedt M, Sandblad L, Soares TA, Salentinig S. Antimicrobial peptide induced colloidal transformations in bacteria-mimetic vesicles: Combining in silico tools and experimental methods. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 596:352-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Aronica PGA, Reid LM, Desai N, Li J, Fox SJ, Yadahalli S, Essex JW, Verma CS. Computational Methods and Tools in Antimicrobial Peptide Research. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:3172-3196. [PMID: 34165973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an ongoing and troubling development that has increased the number of diseases and infections that risk going untreated. There is an urgent need to develop alternative strategies and treatments to address this issue. One class of molecules that is attracting significant interest is that of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Their design and development has been aided considerably by the applications of molecular models, and we review these here. These methods include the use of tools to explore the relationships between their structures, dynamics, and functions and the increasing application of machine learning and molecular dynamics simulations. This review compiles resources such as AMP databases, AMP-related web servers, and commonly used techniques, together aimed at aiding researchers in the area toward complementing experimental studies with computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro G A Aronica
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Lauren M Reid
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671.,School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton, Hampshire, U.K. SO17 1BJ.,MedChemica Ltd, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, U.K. SK10 4TG
| | - Nirali Desai
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671.,Division of Biological and Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Central Campus, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India 380009
| | - Jianguo Li
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower, Singapore 169856
| | - Stephen J Fox
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Shilpa Yadahalli
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Jonathan W Essex
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Southampton, Hampshire, U.K. SO17 1BJ
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute at A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543 Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore
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11
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Zanganeh S, Firoozpour L, Sardari S, Afgar A, Cohan RA, Mohajel N. Novel Descriptors Derived from the Aggregation Propensity of Di- and Tripeptides Can Predict the Critical Aggregation Concentration of Longer Peptides. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:13331-13340. [PMID: 34056481 PMCID: PMC8158804 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling amphiphilic peptides have recently received special attention in medicine. Nonetheless, testing the myriad of combinations generated from at least 20 coded and several hundreds of noncoded amino acids to obtain candidate sequences for each application, if possible, is time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, rapid and accurate approaches are needed to select candidates from countless combinations. In the current study, we examined three conventional descriptor sets along with a novel descriptor set derived from the simulated aggregation propensity of di- and tripeptides to model the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of amphiphilic peptides. In contrast to the conventional descriptors, the radial kernel model derived from the novel descriptor set accurately predicted the critical aggregation concentration of the test set with a residual standard error of 0.10. The importance of aromatic side chains, as well as neighboring amino acids in the self-assembly, was emphasized by analysis of the influential descriptors. The addition of very long peptides (70-100 residues) to the data set decreased the model accuracy and changed the influential descriptors. The developed model can be used to predict the CAC of self-assembling amphiphilic peptides and also to derive rules to apply in designing novel amphiphilic peptides with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Zanganeh
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
- Department
of Hematology and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616911333, Iran
| | - Loghman Firoozpour
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Drug
Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department,
Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute
of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Research
Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616914115, Iran
| | - Reza Ahangari Cohan
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Nasir Mohajel
- Department
of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute
of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
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12
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Ikeda K, Horiuchi A, Yoshino M, Shimizu C, Nakao H, Nakano M. Amphipathic Peptide-Phospholipid Nanofibers: Phospholipid Specificity and Dependence on Concentration and Temperature. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:713-721. [PMID: 33400880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The design of nanoassemblies is an important part of the development of new materials for applications in nanomedicine and biosensors. In our previous study, cysteine substitution of the apolipoprotein A-I-derived peptide 18A at residue 11, 18A[A11C], bound to 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine to form fibrous aggregates at a lipid-to-peptide molar ratio of ≤2 and a fiber diameter of 10-20 nm. However, the mechanisms underlying the lipid-peptide interactions that enable nanofiber formation remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the phospholipid specificity, concentration dependence, and temperature dependence of the formation of 18A[A11C]-lipid nanofibers. Nanofibers were found to form in the presence of specific phospholipids and have a constant lipid/peptide stoichiometry of 1.2 ± 0.2. Moreover, an increase in the length of the acyl chain in phosphatidylcholines was found to increase the structural stability of the nanofibers. These results indicate that specific molecular interactions between peptides and both the headgroups and acyl chains of phospholipids are involved in nanofiber formation. Furthermore, the formation and disassembly of the nanofibers were reversibly controlled by changes in temperature and concentration. The results of the present study provide an insight into the creation of nanoassembling structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ikeda
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ayame Horiuchi
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Misa Yoshino
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Shimizu
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakao
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Minoru Nakano
- Department of Biointerface Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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13
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Gerbelli BB, Oliveira CLP, Silva ER, Hamley IW, Alves WA. Amyloid Formation by Short Peptides in the Presence of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14793-14801. [PMID: 33210929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of two short peptides, [RF] and [RF]4 (where R = arginine and F = phenylalanine), at dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) model membranes was investigated at the air-water interface using the Langmuir technique and vesicles in aqueous solutions. The molar ratio of the peptide and lipid components was varied to provide insights into the peptide-membrane interactions, which might be related to their cytotoxicity. Both peptides exhibited affinity to the DPPC membrane interface and rapidly adopted β-sheet-rich structures upon adsorption onto the surface of the zwitterionic membrane. Results from adsorption isotherm and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments showed changes in the structural and thermodynamic parameters of the membrane with increasing peptide concentration. Using atomic force microscopy, we showed the appearance of pores through the bilayer membranes and peptide aggregation at different interfaces, suggesting that the hydrophobic residues might have an effect on both pore size and layer structure, facilitating the membrane disruption and leading to different cytotoxicity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara B Gerbelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | | | - Emerson R Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Ian W Hamley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Wendel A Alves
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
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14
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Sahoo JK, VandenBerg MA, Ruiz Bello EE, Nazareth CD, Webber MJ. Electrostatic-driven self-sorting and nanostructure speciation in self-assembling tetrapeptides. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16534-16543. [PMID: 31455952 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03440d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Significant efforts in the field of supramolecular materials have strived to co-assemble small molecules in order to realize individual nanostructures with multiple, tunable activities. The design of self-assembling motifs bearing opposite charges is one commonly used method, with favorable electrostatic interactions used to promote mixing in a resulting co-assembly. This approach, at the same time, contrasts with a typical thermodynamic preference for self-sorting. Moreover, rigorous experimental techniques which can clearly elucidate co-assembly from self-sorting are limited. Here we describe the self-assembly of two oppositely charged tetrapeptides yielding highly disparate nanostructures of fibrillar and spherical assemblies. Upon mixing at different ratios, the disparate nanostructure of the parent peptides remain. Interestingly, while the assemblies appear self-sorted, surface-mediated interactions between spherical and fibrous assemblies translate to increased mechanical properties through enhanced fiber bundling. Moreover, the observed self-sorting is a thermodynamic product and not a result of kinetically trapped pre-existing structures. Taken together, and with the benefit of disparate nanostructures in the parent peptides, we have shown in our system experimental evidence for electrostatic-driven self-sorting in oligopeptide self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugal Kishore Sahoo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Michael A VandenBerg
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Edgar E Ruiz Bello
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Calvin D Nazareth
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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15
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Perez Bakovic GR, Roberts JL, Colford B, Joyce M, Servoss SL. Peptoid microsphere coatings: The effects of helicity, temperature, pH, and ionic strength. Biopolymers 2019; 110:e23283. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.23283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- German R. Perez Bakovic
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Arkansas Fayetteville Fayetteville Arkansas
| | - Jesse L. Roberts
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Arkansas Fayetteville Fayetteville Arkansas
| | - Bryce Colford
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Arkansas Fayetteville Fayetteville Arkansas
| | - Myles Joyce
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Arkansas Fayetteville Fayetteville Arkansas
| | - Shannon L. Servoss
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Arkansas Fayetteville Fayetteville Arkansas
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16
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Qin SY, Ding WQ, Jiang ZW, Lei X, Zhang AQ. Directing an oligopeptide amphiphile into an aligned nanofiber matrix for elucidating molecular structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1659-1662. [PMID: 30657473 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09548e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel aligned nanofiber matrix was obtained from the self-assembly of an oligopeptide amphiphile. The alignment properties can be applied to measure residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) for the structural elucidation of molecules by liquid-state NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yong Qin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
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17
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Yang X, Wang Y, Qi W, Xing R, Yang X, Xing Q, Su R, He Z. Disulfide crosslinking and helical coiling of peptide micelles facilitate the formation of a printable hydrogel. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03121e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tripeptides self-assembled into aligned micelles which transformed into nanohelices via covalent and noncovalent interactions to give a printable hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Ruizhe Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Qiguo Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Zhimin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
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18
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Malekkhaiat Häffner S, Malmsten M. Influence of self-assembly on the performance of antimicrobial peptides. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Bełdowski P, Kruszewska N, Yuvan S, Dendzik Z, Goudoulas T, Gadomski A. Capstan-like mechanism in hyaluronan-phospholipid systems. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 216:17-24. [PMID: 30144435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functionality of articular cartilage results from complex interactions between its molecular components. Among many biomolecules, two are of prime importance for lubrication: hyaluronic acid (HA) and phospholipids (PL). The purpose of this study is to discuss a mechanism of interaction between these two components and how their synergies contribute to nanobiolubrication of articular cartilage. Preliminary molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate these interactions by adopting a capstan-like mechanism of action. By applying a constant pulling force to both ends of a HA molecule, wrapped around a PL micelle, we viewed the rotation of the PL micelle. The simulations were performed upon two physicochemical constraints: force- and solvent-dependency. The results show the efficiency of rotation from intermolecular bond creation and annihilation. We found a direct relation between the available surface of the micelle and the magnitude of the force, which varies significantly through the unwinding. The movement of the attached molecules is characterized by a slide-to-roll relation, which is affected by the viscosity of the surrounding medium. As a consequence, two solvents were studied for specific force conditions and the molecular dynamics simulation exhibited double the slide-to-roll coefficient for the viscous solvent as compared to its low-viscosity limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bełdowski
- UTP University of Science and Technology, Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Kaliskiego 7, PL-85796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - N Kruszewska
- UTP University of Science and Technology, Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Kaliskiego 7, PL-85796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - S Yuvan
- Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Z Dendzik
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland; Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.
| | - T Goudoulas
- Technical University of Munich, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany.
| | - A Gadomski
- UTP University of Science and Technology, Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Kaliskiego 7, PL-85796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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20
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Gavel PK, Dev D, Parmar HS, Bhasin S, Das AK. Investigations of Peptide-Based Biocompatible Injectable Shape-Memory Hydrogels: Differential Biological Effects on Bacterial and Human Blood Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:10729-10740. [PMID: 29537812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the self-assembly of Amoc (9-anthracenemethoxycarbonyl)-capped dipeptides, which self-assemble to form injectable, self-healable, and shape-memory hydrogels with inherent antibacterial properties. Amoc-capped dipeptides self-assemble to form nanofibrillar networks, which are established by several spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The inherent antibacterial properties of hydrogels are evaluated using two Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and three Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. These hydrogels exhibit potent antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC50) for the hydrogels on Gram-positive bacteria are in the range of 10-200 μM hydrogelator concentrations. The biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the hydrogels are evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), hemolysis, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay on human blood cells. The hydrogels are hemocompatible and they decrease LPO values on human red blood cells probably via increased cellular stability against oxidative stress. Furthermore, MTT data show that the hydrogels are biocompatible and promote cell viability and proliferation on cultured human white blood cells. Taken together, these results may suggest that our designed injectable hydrogels could be useful to prevent localized bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K Gavel
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India
| | - Dharm Dev
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India
| | - Hamendra S Parmar
- School of Biotechnology , Devi Ahilya University , Indore 452001 , India
| | - Sheetal Bhasin
- Department of Biosciences , Maharaja Ranjit Singh College of Professional Studies , Indore 452001 , India
| | - Apurba K Das
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Indore , Indore 453552 , India
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