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Kassem NM, Abdelmegid YA, El-Sayed MK, Sayed RS, Abdel-Aalla MH, Kassem HA. Nutrigenomics and microbiome shaping the future of personalized medicine: a review article. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:134. [PMID: 37993702 PMCID: PMC10665279 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between nutrition and genes has long been hinted at and sometimes plainly associated with certain diseases. Now, after many years of research and coincidental findings, it is believed that this relationship, termed "Nutrigenomics," is certainly a factor of major importance in various conditions. In this review article, we discuss nutrigenomics, starting with basics definitions and enzymatic functions and ending with its palpable association with cancer. Now, diet is basically what we eat on a daily basis. Everything that enters through our alimentary tract ends up broken down to minute molecules and amino acids. These molecules interact with our microbiome and genome in discreet ways. For instance, we demonstrate how proper intake of probiotics enhances beneficial bacteria and may alleviate IBS and prevent colorectal cancer on the long term. We also show how a diet rich in folic acid is essential for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) function, which lowers risk of colorectal cancer. Also, we discuss how certain diets were associated with development of certain cancers. For example, red and processed meat are highly associated with colorectal and prostate cancer, salty diets with stomach cancer, and obesity with breast cancer. The modification of these diets significantly lowered the risk and improved prognosis of these cancers among many others. We also examined how micronutrients had a role in cancer prevention, as vitamin A and C exert anti-carcinogenic effects through their function as antioxidants. In addition, we show how folic acid prevent DNA mutations by enhancing protein methylation processes. Finally, after a systematic review of myriad articles on the etiology and prevention of cancer, we think that diet should be a crucial feature in cancer prevention and treatment programs. In the future, healthy diets and micronutrients may even be able to successively alter the liability to genetic mutations that result in cancer. It also will play a role in boosting treatment and improving prognosis of diagnosed cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neemat M Kassem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud K El-Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana S Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H Abdel-Aalla
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah A Kassem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abozaid OAR, Rashed LA, El-Sonbaty SM, Abu-Elftouh AI, Ahmed ESA. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Selenium Nanoparticles Synergize with Low Dose of Gamma Radiation to Suppress Mammary Gland Carcinogenesis via Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:338-352. [PMID: 35138531 PMCID: PMC9823077 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadliest cancers among women in the world because of its aggressive behavior and inadequate response to conventional therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with green nanomaterials could be an efficient tool in cell cancer therapy. This study examined the curative effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) coated with fermented soymilk and a low dose of gamma radiation (LDR) in DMBA-induced mammary gland carcinoma in female rats. DMBA-induced mammary gland carcinoma as marked by an elevation of mRNA level of cancer promoter genes (Serpin and MIF, LOX-1, and COL1A1) and serum level of VEGF, TNF-α, TGF-β, CA15-3, and caspase-3 with the reduction in mRNA level of suppressor gene (FST and ADRP). These deleterious effects were hampered after treatment with BM-MSCs (1 × 106 cells/rat) once and daily administration of SeNPs (20 mg/kg body weight) and exposure once to (0.25 Gy) LDR. Finally, MSCs, SeNPs, and LDR notably modulated the expression of multiple tumor promoters and suppressor genes playing a role in breast cancer induction and suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma A. R. Abozaid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Laila A. Rashed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sawsan M. El-Sonbaty
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Esraa S. A. Ahmed
- Radiation Biology Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, 11787 Egypt
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Li YF, Zhao XF, Tian Y, Xiao XY, Yan CY, Shen H. Case Report: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma complicating TP53 mutation treated successfully with Tislelizumab combined with Anlotinib—a case report. Front Genet 2022; 13:949989. [PMID: 35938033 PMCID: PMC9355298 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.949989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare subtype of lung malignant tumor. Conventional chemotherapy has a suboptimal effectiveness. PSC has the characteristics of rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. We herein report a 56-year-old male patient with substantial smoking history was pathologically diagnosed as PSC, cT4N0M0 IIIA stage. Peripheral blood NGS showed TP53 mutation. The patient had poor tolerance to the first-line chemotherapy regimen “albumin paclitaxel + cisplatin,” but the severe anemia was significantly improved after 5 days of anti-angiogenic therapy with Anlotinib. At this time, the patient received anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with Tislelizumab. Half a month later, degree III liver injury occurred repeatedly. After excluding drug-induced liver injury, we found that HCV-RNA 3.10 × 105 IU/ml and suspended all anti-tumor therapy. After the start of anti-HCV treatment with Epclusa, the treatment of Tislelizumab combined with Anlotinib was restarted, and there was no liver injury after that. The patient received monthly maintenance therapy with Tislelizumab combined with Anlotinib to the present. The pulmonary lesions continued to decrease, and only one lung cavity is left. The patient has achieved clinical complete remission (CCR) with PSF over 20 months. Our findings suggest that Tislelizumab combined with Anlotinib may be a preferred strategy in PSC complicating TP53 mutation. Core tip: Immune-check point inhibitors (ICIs) have been reported for the treatment of PSC in a small number of case reports and retrospective analysis, but there are few reports of ICIs combined with anti-angiogenic drugs. This patient was diagnosed as locally advanced PSC complicated with TP53 mutation and hepatitis C. After 14 cycles of Tislelizumab combined with Anlotinib treatment (during the course of treatment, several courses were not treated on time for economic reasons, rather than adverse reactions), the patient has achieved CCR. III degree liver injury occurred during the treatment, and the liver function returned to normal range after anti-hepatitis C treatment, which did not affect the continued treatment of this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hua Shen
- *Correspondence: Hua Shen, ; Cai-Yun Yan,
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Li YR, Hu TH, Chen WC, Hsu PI, Chen HC. Screening and prevention of hepatitis C virus reactivation during chemotherapy. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5181-5188. [PMID: 34497443 PMCID: PMC8384748 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i31.5181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) reactivation occurs in 23% of HCV-infected cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Forty-three percent of the patients with reactivation of HCV during chemotherapy develop a hepatitis flare. Most of the cancer patients with HCV reactivation have an unremarkable clinical course following an HCV-related hepatitis flare during chemotherapy. However, 26%–57% of the cancer patients developing an acute flare of chronic hepatitis C during chemotherapy require unanticipated discontinuation or dose reduction of chemotherapy, which results in deleterious changes in the cancer treatment plan. Although an optimal strategy for HCV screening in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy has not been established, universal pre-chemotherapy HCV testing for patients with hematological malignancies is recommended by current guidelines. All the currently approved direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) can be used in cancer patients, but the use of DAAs during chemotherapy should avoid drug–drug interactions between chemotherapy and antiviral agents. If there are no contraindications or anticipated drug–drug interactions, DAAs treatment can be administered before, during, or after chemotherapy. In conclusion, HCV reactivation occurs in approximately one-fourth of HCV-infected cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. An HCV-related hepatitis flare during chemotherapy may lead to the discontinuation of potentially life-saving chemotherapy. Currently, universal HCV screening is recommended in hematological malignancy patients before chemotherapy, but there is no evidence-based guideline for other cancer patients. DAAs treatment can cure HCV infection and prevent HCV reactivation during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Rung Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hui Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - Ping-I Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
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Kassem N, Kassem H, Kassem L, Hassan M. Detection of activating mutations in liquid biopsy of Egyptian breast cancer patients using targeted next-generation sequencing: a pilot study. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:10. [PMID: 33864517 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the 2nd most prevalent malignancy worldwide and is the most prevalent cancer among Egyptian women. The number of newly described cancer-associated genes has grown exponentially since the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. We aim to identify activating mutations in liquid biopsy of Egyptian breast cancer patients using targeted NGS technology. We also demonstrate the microsatellite instability (MSI) status using BAT25, BAT26, and NR27 markers which are tested on the Bioanalyzer 2100 system. RESULTS Twenty-one variants were detected in 15 genes: 7 Substitution-Missense, 12 Substitution-coding silent, and 2 Substitution-intronic. Regarding ClinVar database, out of 21 variants there were 14 benign variants, 3 variants with conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity, 3 variants not reported, and 1 drug response variant. TP53 p.(Pro72Arg) missense mutations were found in 75% of patients. PIK3CA p.(Ile391Met), KDR p.(Gln472His) missense mutations were detected in 25% of patients each. Two patients revealed APC gene missense mutation with p.(Ile1307Lys) and p.(Glu1317Gln) variants. Only one patient showed ATM p.(Phe858Leu) gene mutation and one showed FGFR3 p.(Ala719Thr) variant. Regarding microsatellite instability (MSI) status, 2/8 (25%) patients were MSS, 3/8 (37.5%) patients were MSI-L, and 3/8 (37.5%) patients were MSI-HI. CONCLUSION It is essential to use and validate minimally invasive liquid biopsy for activating mutations detection by next-generation sequencing especially in patients with inoperable disease or bone metastasis. This work should be extended with larger patient series with comparison of genetic mutations in liquid-based versus tissue-based biopsy and longer follow up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neemat Kassem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Kassem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Loay Kassem
- Clinical Oncology Department, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Clinical Oncology Department, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kassem NM, Kassem HA, Ibrahim M, Zawam H, Hamada E. The clinical impact of hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian multiple myeloma patients. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2020; 32:43. [PMID: 33244648 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-020-00054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a human B cell neoplasia characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Worldwide, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a public health problem. For MM patients, the clinical impact of preexisting HCV infection is still unclear. We aim to assess the clinical characteristics and the prevalence of the HCV infection in Egyptian MM patients. This observational study included 81 MM patients. HCV antibody assay was performed, and positive cases were confirmed using a reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) method. RESULTS Fifteen (18.5%) patients were anti-HCV antibody positive. Only 6/15 (7.4%) patients were HCV RNA positive by RT-PCR. Liver affection in the form of hyperbilirubinemia with grade 4 adverse events was significantly higher in the anti-HCV positive/HCV RNA positive group versus anti HCV negative group (16.7% vs. 1.5%, p value = 0.005). The median HCV-RNA before the initiation of chemotherapy was 2.5 log IU/ml with mean ± SD = 4.25 ± 1.6 with no HCV reactivation. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, HCV infection was not an independent factor related to DFS. Low hemoglobin level < 10 g/dL (HR 0.59, 95% CI, 0.36-0.97, p value = 0.037) and abnormal serum total bilirubin level (HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.03-3.5, p value = 0.039) influenced DFS in the univariate analysis. However, in the multivariate analysis, serum calcium level greater than 12 mg/dL (HR 7.04, 95% CI 1.12-44.45, p value = 0.038) and abnormal serum total bilirubin level (HR 10.9, 95% CI 2.92-41.02, p value = < 0.001) remained statistically significant worse prognostic factors. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study revealed the prevalence of HCV infection in Egyptian MM patients. Serologic tests at diagnosis are necessary to identify these patients, and confirmation of positive cases by molecular techniques should be mandatory, with regular follow-up for liver dysfunction. Finally, further larger studies explaining the molecular mechanisms linking HCV and the MM pathogenesis are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neemat M Kassem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah A Kassem
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Magdy Ibrahim
- Gynecology & Obstetric Department, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussam Zawam
- Clinical Oncology Department, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad Hamada
- Clinical Oncology Department, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ghosh S, Chen ML, Weinberg J, Fikre T, Ko NY. Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Chart Analysis. Oncologist 2020; 25:845-852. [PMID: 32488966 PMCID: PMC7543236 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are major health problems in the U.S. Despite these highly prevalent diseases, there is limited information on the effect of HCV infection among patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy and the potential challenges they face during treatment. Currently, there are no guidelines for chemotherapy administration in HCV-positive patients with breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective case-control analysis on six patients with breast cancer with active HCV infection and 12 HCV-negative matched controls who received chemotherapy between January 2000 and April 2015. We investigated dose delays, dose changes, hospitalization, hematologic reasons for dose delays, and variation in blood counts during chemotherapy from the patients' medical records. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical comparison of the outcome variables between the two groups. RESULTS When compared with the HCV-negative patients, the HCV-positive group was at a significantly higher risk of dose delays (100% vs. 33%, p value .013), dose changes (67% vs. 8%, p value .022), hospitalization during chemotherapy (83% vs. 25%, p value .043), and hematotoxicity related dose delays (83% vs. 8%, p value .003). HCV-positive patients took a longer time to complete treatment than the HCV-negative group. CONCLUSION Patients with HCV receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer are more likely to experience complications such as dose delays, dose modifications, and hospitalization. Future studies to confirm our findings and investigate on the effect of concurrent HCV and breast cancer treatment are warranted. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This study found that hepatitis C infection is associated with a greater risk of treatment delays and dose modifications in patients with breast cancer receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. Hepatitis C-positive patients have a higher treatment burden with dose changes, hospitalizations, and longer treatment periods than noninfected patients. Further prospective investigations to confirm these findings are warranted in a larger patient population. Given that hepatitis C infection can be curable with direct-acting antivirals, treatment of hepatitis C may alleviate treatment challenges during chemotherapy and improve survival for patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptaparni Ghosh
- Clinical Investigation Program, Boston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Minghua L. Chen
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Janice Weinberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Tsion Fikre
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Naomi Y. Ko
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Liu C, Jiang F, Zhang X, Xu X. Long Non-Coding RNA UCA1 Modulates Paclitaxel Resistance in Breast Cancer via miR-613/CDK12 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2777-2788. [PMID: 32425595 PMCID: PMC7196438 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s241969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel (PTX) occupies a considerable status in the chemotherapies of breast cancer (BC), but the drug resistance keeps an obstructive factor of PTX treatment. This study was designed to explore the molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) in PTX resistance of BC. Methods UCA1, microRNA-613 (miR-613) and cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) expression was assayed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was implemented for evaluating the half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of PTX and cell viability. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. The target relationship was explored using dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. CDK12 protein level was detected through Western blot. Xenograft tumor assay was applied for assessing the influence of UCA1 on PTX resistance of BC in vivo. Results UCA1 expressed highly in PTX-resistant BC tissues and cells and regulated PTX resistance in BC cells by affecting cell viability and apoptosis in part. UCA1 negatively interacted with miR-613 and modulated PTX resistance via sponging miR-613. CDK12 was a downstream gene of miR-613 and miR-613 exerted the modulation of PTX resistance via targeting CDK12. Furthermore, UCA1 regulated CDK12 level through interacting with miR-613. The regulatory role of UCA1 in PTX resistance of BC was achieved by miR-613/CDK12 axis in vivo. Conclusion UCA1 mediated PTX resistance in BC through the miR-613/CDK12 axis, manifesting that UCA1 might improve the PTX treatment of BC as a significant therapeutic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shenxian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaocheng, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiulong Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Kassem NM, Makar WS, Kassem HA, Talima S, Tarek M, Hesham H, El-Desouky MA. Circulating miR-34a and miR-125b as Promising non Invasive Biomarkers in Egyptian Locally Advanced Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:2749-2755. [PMID: 31554373 PMCID: PMC6976833 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.9.2749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer worldwide. MicroRNAs are a group of non-coding, single stranded RNAs of ~ 22 nucleotides, which regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Circulating miRNAs have been found as potential blood based predictive biomarkers. Purpose: we aim to evaluate miR-34a and miR-125b to predict outcome from neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Egyptian BC patients. Methodology: Quantitative assessment of plasma miR-34a and miR-125b expression was performed by qRT-PCR. Thirty nine newly diagnosed locally advanced BC female patients with 10 age and sex matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. Results: We performed ROC curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value for the miR-34a with AUCs = 0.995, cutoff point of 2.57 sensitivity 97.4%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 83.3% and accuracy 97.7%.miR-125b had AUC = 0.68 and a cutoff point of 8.69 with sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 70.0%, PPV 90.6%, NPV 41.2% and accuracy 73.5%. miR-34a expression were significantly higher in BC patients compared to controls with p value <0.001*. Also, miR-34a expression level was significantly higher in patients with progressive disease with P value =0.03*. However, miR-125b expression levels were insignificantly higher in responsive patients with p value = 0.2. Conclusion: miRNAs are crucial candidates for novel molecular targeted therapies due to their capability to regulate numerous genes in molecular pathways. Our data suggest that circulating miR-34a and miR-125b expression levels could be promising highly accurate non-invasive biomarkers in diagnosing BCs. miR-34a can predict chemotherapeutic resistance associated with higher expression levels in non-responsive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neemat M Kassem
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wael S Makar
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah A Kassem
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Soha Talima
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Tarek
- Molecular oncology unit, Kasr Al-Ainy Centre of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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