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Ozmen S, Tabur S, Oney-Birol S. Alleviation role of exogenous cadaverine on cell cycle, endogenous polyamines amounts and biochemical enzyme changes in barley seedlings under drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17488. [PMID: 37840053 PMCID: PMC10577135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadaverine (Cad), which has an independent synthesis pathway compared to other polyamine (PA) types, contributes to the health of plants by regulating plant growth and development, abiotic stress tolerance and antioxidant defense mechanisms. In this work, experiments were carried out to understand the effects of exogenous Cad (10 µM) application under drought stress (%22 PEG 6000) and without stress on cell cycle, total protein content, endogenous PA levels, and biochemical enzyme activities in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Burakbey) considering the potential of Cad to stimulate the drought-related tolerance system. Cad application in a stress-free environment showed an effect almost like low-impact drought stress, causing changes in all parameters examined compared to samples grown in distilled water environment (Control). The results clearly show that Cad applied against the negative effects of drought stress on all parameters creates a drought resistance mechanism of the plant. Accordingly, Cad applied together with drought stress increased the density of cells in the cell cycle (G1-S and S-G2 phases) and the amount of endogenous (spermidine 10% and spermine 40%) PAs. In addition, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) (5%), (CAT) (55%) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) (18%) enzyme levels increased, a stress response mechanism occurred due to the decrease in total protein content (20%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (80%). As a result, exogenous application of 10 µM Cad showed that it reduced the negative effects of drought stress on endogenous PA amounts, cell division and biochemical activities in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Ozmen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Selma Tabur
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Signem Oney-Birol
- Department of Moleculer Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030, Burdur, Turkey.
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Rahman A, Tajti J, Majláth I, Janda T, Prerostova S, Ahres M, Pál M. Influence of a phyA Mutation on Polyamine Metabolism in Arabidopsis Depends on Light Spectral Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1689. [PMID: 37111912 PMCID: PMC10146636 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to reveal the influence of phyA mutations on polyamine metabolism in Arabidopsis under different spectral compositions. Polyamine metabolism was also provoked with exogenous spermine. The polyamine metabolism-related gene expression of the wild type and phyA plants responded similarly under white and far-red light conditions but not at blue light. Blue light influences rather the synthesis side, while far red had more pronounced effects on the catabolism and back-conversion of the polyamines. The observed changes under elevated far-red light were less dependent on PhyA than the blue light responses. The polyamine contents were similar under all light conditions in the two genotypes without spermine application, suggesting that a stable polyamine pool is important for normal plant growth conditions even under different spectral conditions. However, after spermine treatment, the blue regime had more similar effects on synthesis/catabolism and back-conversion to the white light than the far-red light conditions. The additive effects of differences observed on the synthesis, back-conversion and catabolism side of metabolism may be responsible for the similar putrescine content pattern under all light conditions, even in the presence of an excess of spermine. Our results demonstrated that both light spectrum and phyA mutation influence polyamine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altafur Rahman
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Judit Tajti
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Imre Majláth
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Sylva Prerostova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 11720 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mohamed Ahres
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
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Gibbs NM, Su S, Lopez‐Nieves S, Mann S, Alban C, Maeda HA, Masson PH. Cadaverine regulates biotin synthesis to modulate primary root growth in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1283-1298. [PMID: 34250670 PMCID: PMC8518694 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadaverine, a polyamine, has been linked to modification of root growth architecture and response to environmental stresses in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern the regulation of root growth by cadaverine are largely unexplored. Here we conducted a forward genetic screen and isolated a mutation, cadaverine hypersensitive 3 (cdh3), which resulted in increased root-growth sensitivity to cadaverine, but not other polyamines. This mutation affects the BIO3-BIO1 biotin biosynthesis gene. Exogenous supply of biotin and a pathway intermediate downstream of BIO1, 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid, suppressed this cadaverine sensitivity phenotype. An in vitro enzyme assay showed cadaverine inhibits the BIO3-BIO1 activity. Furthermore, cadaverine-treated seedlings displayed reduced biotinylation of Biotin Carboxyl Carrier Protein 1 of the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase complex involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, resulting in decreased accumulation of triacylglycerides. Taken together, these results revealed an unexpected role of cadaverine in the regulation of biotin biosynthesis, which leads to modulation of primary root growth of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Gibbs
- Laboratory of GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
- Present address:
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology LaboratorySalk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCA92037USA
| | - Shih‐Heng Su
- Laboratory of GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | | | - Stéphane Mann
- Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleUMR 7245CNRSMNHNMolécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro‐organismesCP 5457 Rue CuvierParis75005France
| | - Claude Alban
- Université Grenoble AlpesINRAECEACNRSIRIGLPCVGrenoble38000France
| | - Hiroshi A. Maeda
- Department of BotanyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
| | - Patrick H. Masson
- Laboratory of GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWI53706USA
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Expression Profiles of Alkaloid-Related Genes across the Organs of Narrow-Leafed Lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius L.) and in Response to Anthracnose Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052676. [PMID: 33800929 PMCID: PMC7962062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main restraint obstructing the wider adoption of lupins as protein crops is the presence of bitter and toxic quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs), whose contents might increase under exposure to stressful environmental conditions. A poor understanding of how QAs accumulate hinders the breeding of sweet varieties. Here, we characterize the expression profiles of QA-related genes, along with the alkaloid content, in various organs of sweet and bitter narrow-leafed lupin (NLL, Lupinus angustifolius L.). Special attention is paid to the RAP2-7 transcription factor, a candidate regulator of the QA pathway. We demonstrate the upregulation of RAP2-7 and other QA-related genes, across the aerial organs of a bitter cultivar and the significant correlations between their expression levels, thus supporting the role of RAP2-7 as an important regulatory gene in NLL. Moreover, we showed that the initial steps of QA synthesis might occur independently in all aerial plant organs sharing common regulatory mechanisms. Nonetheless, other regulatory steps might be involved in RAP2-7-triggered QA accumulation, given its expression pattern in leaves. Finally, the examination of QA-related gene expression in plants infected with Colletotrichum lupini evidenced no connection between QA synthesis and anthracnose resistance, in contrast to the important role of polyamines during plant–pathogen interactions.
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Sagor GHM, Simm S, Kim DW, Niitsu M, Kusano T, Berberich T. Effect of thermospermine on expression profiling of different gene using massive analysis of cDNA ends (MACE) and vascular maintenance in Arabidopsis. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:577-586. [PMID: 33854285 PMCID: PMC7981342 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-00967-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana polyamine oxidase 5 gene (AtPAO5) functions as a thermospermine (T-Spm) oxidase. Aerial growth of its knock-out mutant (Atpao5-2) was significantly repressed by low dose(s) of T-Spm but not by other polyamines. To figure out the underlying mechanism, massive analysis of 3'-cDNA ends was performed. Low dose of T-Spm treatment modulates more than two fold expression 1,398 genes in WT compared to 3186 genes in Atpao5-2. Cell wall, lipid and secondary metabolisms were dramatically affected in low dose T-Spm-treated Atpao5-2, in comparison to other pathways such as TCA cycle-, amino acid- metabolisms and photosynthesis. The cell wall pectin metabolism, cell wall proteins and degradation process were highly modulated. Intriguingly Fe-deficiency responsive genes and drought stress-induced genes were also up-regulated, suggesting the importance of thermospermi'ne flux on regulation of gene network. Histological observation showed that the vascular system of the joint part between stem and leaves was structurally dissociated, indicating its involvement in vascular maintenance. Endogenous increase in T-Spm and reduction in H2O2 contents were found in mutant grown in T-Spm containing media. The results indicate that T-Spm homeostasis by a fine tuned balance of its synthesis and catabolism is important for maintaining gene regulation network and the vascular system in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. H. M. Sagor
- Plant Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
| | - Stefan Simm
- Department of Biosciences, Molecular Cell Biology of Plants, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Masaru Niitsu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 370-0290 Japan
| | - Tomonobu Kusano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Thomas Berberich
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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do Nascimento AMM, Polesi LG, Back FP, Steiner N, Guerra MP, Castander-Olarieta A, Moncaleán P, Montalbán IA. The Chemical Environment at Maturation Stage in Pinus spp. Somatic Embryogenesis: Implications in the Polyamine Profile of Somatic Embryos and Morphological Characteristics of the Developed Plantlets. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:771464. [PMID: 34899795 PMCID: PMC8663641 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.771464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the chemical environment at the maturation stage in Pinus spp. somatic embryogenesis will be a determinant factor in the conversion of somatic embryos to plantlets. Furthermore, the study of biochemical and morphological aspects of the somatic embryos could enable the improvement of somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. In the present work, the influence of different amino acid combinations, carbohydrate sources, and concentrations at the maturation stage of Pinus radiata D. Don and Pinus halepensis Mill. was analyzed. In P. radiata, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of sucrose and an increase in the amino acid mixture (1,100 mgL-1 of L-glutamine, 1,050 mgL-1 of L-asparagine, 350 mgL-1 of L-arginine, and 35 mgL-1 of L-proline) promoted bigger embryos, with a larger stem diameter and an increase in the number of roots in the germinated somatic embryos, improving the acclimatization success of this species. In P. halepensis, the maturation medium supplemented with 175 mM of maltose improved the germination of somatic embryos. The increase in the amount of amino acids in the maturation medium increased the levels of putrescine in the germinated somatic embryos of P. halepensis. We detected significant differences in the amounts of polyamines between somatic plantlets of P. radiata and P. halepensis; putrescine was less abundant in both species. For the first time, in P. radiata and P. halepensis somatic embryogenesis, we detected the presence of cadaverine, and its concentration changed according to the species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza Giacomolli Polesi
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimento e Genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Franklin Panato Back
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimento e Genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Neusa Steiner
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Miguel Pedro Guerra
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Desenvolvimento e Genética Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Paloma Moncaleán
- Neiker-BRTA, Centro de Arkaute, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Arkaute, Spain
- *Correspondence: Paloma Moncaleán,
| | - Itziar Aurora Montalbán
- Neiker-BRTA, Centro de Arkaute, Campus Agroalimentario de Arkaute, Arkaute, Spain
- Itziar Aurora Montalbán,
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Kiełkowska A, Dziurka M. Changes in polyamine pattern mediates sex differentiation and unisexual flower development in monoecious cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:48-65. [PMID: 32840866 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the levels of polyamines are associated with fundamental physiological processes such as embryogenesis, induction of flowering, fruit development and ripening, senescence, and responses to environmental stresses, but the role of polyamines in sex differentiation and unisexual flower development has not been deeply studied. To extend the knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of flowering in monoecious plant (producing unisexual flowers), we investigated the morphogenesis and free polyamine levels in Cucumis sativus during sex differentiation and unisexual flower development in vitro using histocytological and biochemical methods. As shown in our study, floral development in vitro was undisturbed and flowers of both sexes were produced. Sex differentiation relied on preventing the development of generative organs of the opposite sex, as we observed carpel repression in male flowers and stamen repression in female flowers. Pollen viability was negatively correlated with female flower development on the same node. Biochemical analysis revealed increased accumulation of aliphatic amines (tri, tetra-amines) in generative (flower buds and flowers) compare to vegetative (axillary buds and leaves) organs. Undifferentiated floral buds contained elevated levels of agmatine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine. Sex differentiation was associated with significantly decreased levels of agmatine and cadaverine. Our results showed that female flowers contained higher levels of total polyamine than male flowers. The increased level of cadaverine was associated with macrogametogenesis and female flower maturation. Putrescine was important for male flower development. Such results support the hypothesis that aliphatic amines are involved in unisexual flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kiełkowska
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, 31-425, Poland
| | - Michał Dziurka
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Krakow, 30-239, Poland
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de Oliveira DF, Lopes LDS, Gomes-Filho E. Metabolic changes associated with differential salt tolerance in sorghum genotypes. PLANTA 2020; 252:34. [PMID: 32761417 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of specific metabolites, mainly γ-aminobutyric acid, polyamines, and proline, was essential to homeostasis regulation and differential salt tolerance in sorghum genotypes. Salinity is severe abiotic stress that limits plant growth and development in arid and semi-arid regions. Survival to abiotic stresses depends on metabolic and sometimes even morphological adjustments. We measured the growth parameters, water relations, the content of ions (Na+, K+, Cl-), compatible solutes [some free amino acids (FAAs) including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proline and soluble carbohydrates) and polyamines (PAs), the activity of PAs metabolism enzymes, and metabolomic profile in plants after 14 days of salt stress treatment. These analyses were to evaluate the influence of metabolomic responses of sorghum genotypes exhibiting sensitivity (CSF18) or tolerance (CSF20) to salinity on plant growth. The salinity promoted growth reductions and induced increases in Na+ and Cl- content and decreases in K+ content. The water status and osmotic potential (Ψo) were reduced by salt stress, but to minimize damage, especially in the CSF20, the osmolytes and PAs contributed to the osmotic adjustment. The results showed that salinity induced an increase in putrescine (Put) in the sensitive genotype. However, it raised spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), and cadaverine (Cad) in the tolerant genotype. In addition, the regulation of polyamine oxidase can be related to Spm and GABA biosynthesis. Differential metabolic changes to salt tolerance include metabolites associated with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates and the metabolisms of sugars, FAAs, and PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Farias de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Science and Technology in Salinity (INCTSal/CNPq), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lineker de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Science and Technology in Salinity (INCTSal/CNPq), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Enéas Gomes-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Science and Technology in Salinity (INCTSal/CNPq), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Rubio-Rodríguez E, López-Laredo AR, Medina-Pérez V, Trejo-Tapia G, Trejo-Espino JL. Influence of spermine and nitrogen deficiency on growth and secondary metabolites accumulation in Castilleja tenuiflora Benth. cultured in a RITA ® temporary immersion system. Eng Life Sci 2020; 19:944-954. [PMID: 32624984 PMCID: PMC6999081 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of exogenous spermine (SPM) on Castilleja tenuiflora shoots developing under nitrogen deficiency (ND) stress was evaluated. Shoots cultivated in a temporary immersion system were subjected to four experimental treatments: (1) control; (2) exogenous SPM; (3) ND; and (4) ND+SPM. Shoots were longer in the ND+SPM treatment (6.3 ± 0.5 cm) than in the ND treatment (4.2 ± 0.5 cm). The total chlorophyll content was similar in the control and SPM treatments (0.41 µg mg-1 FM) and the highest values of total phenolic content were detected at 21 days in the ND+SPM treatment (84.1 ± 0.05 GAE g-1 DM). In the ND+SPM treatment, the phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity increased earlier than in ND treatment, and reached its maximum at day 21 (3.9 ± 0.2 µmol E-CIN h-1 mg-1 protein). Compared with the control, the ND and ND+SPM treatments resulted in increased secondary metabolites contents in both root and aerial parts. The strongest effect was in the roots, where the SPM and ND+SPM treatments both resulted in increased quercetin content (4.3-fold that in the control). Our results showed that SPM partially counteract the damage caused by ND and results in increased contents of valuable bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rubio-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biotecnología Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Morelos México
| | - Alma Rosa López-Laredo
- Departamento de Biotecnología Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Morelos México
| | - Virginia Medina-Pérez
- Departamento de Biotecnología Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Morelos México
| | - Gabriela Trejo-Tapia
- Departamento de Biotecnología Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Morelos México
| | - José Luis Trejo-Espino
- Departamento de Biotecnología Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Morelos México
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Shimizu Y, Rai A, Okawa Y, Tomatsu H, Sato M, Kera K, Suzuki H, Saito K, Yamazaki M. Metabolic diversification of nitrogen-containing metabolites by the expression of a heterologous lysine decarboxylase gene in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:505-521. [PMID: 31364191 PMCID: PMC6899585 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lysine decarboxylase converts l-lysine to cadaverine as a branching point for the biosynthesis of plant Lys-derived alkaloids. Although cadaverine contributes towards the biosynthesis of Lys-derived alkaloids, its catabolism, including metabolic intermediates and the enzymes involved, is not known. Here, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis lines by expressing an exogenous lysine/ornithine decarboxylase gene from Lupinus angustifolius (La-L/ODC) and identified cadaverine-derived metabolites as the products of the emerged biosynthetic pathway. Through untargeted metabolic profiling, we observed the upregulation of polyamine metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the biosynthesis of several Lys-derived alkaloids in the transgenic lines. Moreover, we found several cadaverine-derived metabolites specifically detected in the transgenic lines compared with the non-transformed control. Among these, three specific metabolites were identified and confirmed as 5-aminopentanal, 5-aminopentanoate and δ-valerolactam. Cadaverine catabolism in a representative transgenic line (DC29) was traced by feeding stable isotope-labeled [α-15 N]- or [ε-15 N]-l-lysine. Our results show similar 15 N incorporation ratios from both isotopomers for the specific metabolite features identified, indicating that these metabolites were synthesized via the symmetric structure of cadaverine. We propose biosynthetic pathways for the metabolites on the basis of metabolite chemistry and enzymes known or identified through catalyzing specific biochemical reactions in this study. Our study shows that this pool of enzymes with promiscuous activities is the driving force for metabolite diversification in plants. Thus, this study not only provides valuable information for understanding the catabolic mechanism of cadaverine but also demonstrates that cadaverine accumulation is one of the factors to expand plant chemodiversity, which may lead to the emergence of Lys-derived alkaloid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Shimizu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐cho, Tsurumi‐kuYokohama230‐0045Japan
| | - Amit Rai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
| | - Yuko Okawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
| | - Hajime Tomatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
- Present address:
Human Metabolome Technologies, Inc.246‐2 Mizukami, KakuganjiTsuruokaYamagata997‐0052Japan
| | - Masaru Sato
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute2‐6‐7 Kazusa‐KamatariKisarazuChiba292‐0818Japan
| | - Kota Kera
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
- Present address:
Department of Biomolecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku UniversityAobayama 6‐6‐07Sendai980‐8579Japan
| | - Hideyuki Suzuki
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute2‐6‐7 Kazusa‐KamatariKisarazuChiba292‐0818Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐cho, Tsurumi‐kuYokohama230‐0045Japan
| | - Mami Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba University1‐8‐1 Inohana, Chuo‐kuChiba260‐8675Japan
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Yu Z, Jia D, Liu T. Polyamine Oxidases Play Various Roles in Plant Development and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E184. [PMID: 31234345 PMCID: PMC6632040 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines not only play roles in plant growth and development, but also adapt to environmental stresses. Polyamines can be oxidized by copper-containing diamine oxidases (CuAOs) and flavin-containing polyamine oxidases (PAOs). Two types of PAOs exist in the plant kingdom; one type catalyzes the back conversion (BC-type) pathway and the other catalyzes the terminal catabolism (TC-type) pathway. The catabolic features and biological functions of plant PAOs have been investigated in various plants in the past years. In this review, we focus on the advance of PAO studies in rice, Arabidopsis, and tomato, and other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Dongyu Jia
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460-8042, USA.
| | - Taibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Wang W, Paschalidis K, Feng JC, Song J, Liu JH. Polyamine Catabolism in Plants: A Universal Process With Diverse Functions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:561. [PMID: 31134113 PMCID: PMC6513885 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Polyamine (PA) catabolic processes are performed by copper-containing amine oxidases (CuAOs) and flavin-containing PA oxidases (PAOs). So far, several CuAOs and PAOs have been identified in many plant species. These enzymes exhibit different subcellular localization, substrate specificity, and functional diversity. Since PAs are involved in numerous physiological processes, considerable efforts have been made to explore the functions of plant CuAOs and PAOs during the recent decades. The stress signal transduction pathways usually lead to increase of the intracellular PA levels, which are apoplastically secreted and oxidized by CuAOs and PAOs, with parallel production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Depending on the levels of the generated H2O2, high or low, respectively, either programmed cell death (PCD) occurs or H2O2 is efficiently scavenged by enzymatic/nonenzymatic antioxidant factors that help plants coping with abiotic stress, recruiting different defense mechanisms, as compared to biotic stress. Amine and PA oxidases act further as PA back-converters in peroxisomes, also generating H2O2, possibly by activating Ca2+ permeable channels. Here, the new research data are discussed on the interconnection of PA catabolism with the derived H2O2, together with their signaling roles in developmental processes, such as fruit ripening, senescence, and biotic/abiotic stress reactions, in an effort to elucidate the mechanisms involved in crop adaptation/survival to adverse environmental conditions and to pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Konstantinos Paschalidis
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jian-Can Feng
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Bueno M, Cordovilla MP. Polyamines in Halophytes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:439. [PMID: 31024603 PMCID: PMC6465561 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are related to many aspects of the plant's life cycle, including responses to biotic and abiotic stress. On the other hand, halophytic plants are useful models for studying salt tolerance mechanisms related to the adaptive strategies that these plants present in adverse environments. Furthermore, some halophytes have high economic value, being recommended instead of glycophytes as alternative agricultural crops in salt-affected coastal zones or saline farmlands. In recent years, the understanding of the role of PAs in salt-tolerant plants has greatly advanced. This mini review reports on the advances in the knowledge of PAs and their participation in achieving better salt tolerance in 10 halophytes. PAs are associated with responses to heavy metals in phytoremediation processes using certain salt-tolerant species (Atriplex atacamensis, A. halimus, Inula chrithmoides, and Kosteletzkya pentacarpos). In crops with exceptional nutritional properties such as Chenopodium quinoa, PAs may be useful markers of salt-tolerant genotypes. The signaling and protection mechanisms of PAs have been investigated in depth in the extreme halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum and Thellungiella spp., enabling genetic manipulation of PA biosynthesis. In Prosopis strombulifera, different biochemical and physiological responses have been reported, depending on the type of salt (NaCl, Na2SO4). Increases in spermidine and spermine have been positively associated with stress tolerance as these compounds provide protection in Cymodocea nodosa, and Solanum chilense, respectively. In addition, abscisic acid and salicylic acid can improve the beneficial effect of PAs in these plants. Therefore, these results indicate the great potential of PAs and their contribution to stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Bueno
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Abstract
The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine have been implicated in a myriad of biological functions in many organisms. Research done during the last decades has accumulated a large body of evidence demonstrating that polyamines are key modulators of plant growth and development. Different experimental approaches have been employed including the measurement of endogenous polyamine levels and the activities of polyamine metabolic enzymes, the study of the effects resulting from exogenous polyamine applications and chemical or genetic manipulation of endogenous polyamine titers. This chapter reviews the role of PAs in seed germination, root development, plant architecture, in vitro plant regeneration, flowering and plant senescence. Evidence presented here indicates that polyamines should be regarded as plant growth regulators with potential applications in agriculture and plant biotechnology.
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Kusano T, Sagor GHM, Berberich T. Molecules for Sensing Polyamines and Transducing Their Action in Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1694:25-35. [PMID: 29080152 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polyamines play important roles in growth, development, and adaptive responses to various stresses. In the past two decades, progress in plant polyamine research has accelerated, and the key molecules and components involved in many biological events have been identified. Recently, polyamine sensors used to detect polyamine-enriched foods and polyamines derived from degrading flesh were identified in fly and zebrafish, respectively. Work has begun to identify such molecules in plants as well. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about polyamines in plants. Furthermore, we discuss the roles of key molecules, such as calcium ions, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, γ-aminobutyric acid, polyamine transporters, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, from the viewpoint of polyamine action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonobu Kusano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.
| | - G H M Sagor
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Thomas Berberich
- Laboratory Center, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), George-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Sagor GHM, Berberich T, Kojima S, Niitsu M, Kusano T. Spermine modulates the expression of two probable polyamine transporter genes and determines growth responses to cadaverine in Arabidopsis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1247-57. [PMID: 26905725 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1957-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Two genes, LAT1 and OCT1 , are likely to be involved in polyamine transport in Arabidopsis. Endogenous spermine levels modulate their expression and determine the sensitivity to cadaverine. Arabidopsis spermine (Spm) synthase (SPMS) gene-deficient mutant was previously shown to be rather resistant to the diamine cadaverine (Cad). Furthermore, a mutant deficient in polyamine oxidase 4 gene, accumulating about twofold more of Spm than wild type plants, showed increased sensitivity to Cad. It suggests that endogenous Spm content determines growth responses to Cad in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we showed that Arabidopsis seedlings pretreated with Spm absorbs more Cad and has shorter root growth, and that the transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the SPMS gene are hypersensitive to Cad, further supporting the above idea. The transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing L-Amino acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) absorbed more Cad and showed increased Cad sensitivity, suggesting that LAT1 functions as a Cad importer. Recently, other research group reported that Organic Cation Transporter 1 (OCT1) is a causal gene which determines the Cad sensitivity of various Arabidopsis accessions. Furthermore, their results suggested that OCT1 is involved in Cad efflux. Thus we monitored the expression of OCT1 and LAT1 during the above experiments. Based on the results, we proposed a model in which the level of Spm content modulates the expression of OCT1 and LAT1, and determines Cad sensitivity of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H M Sagor
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Thomas Berberich
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Laboratory Center, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Seiji Kojima
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki aza Aoba 6-3, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masaru Niitsu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Kusano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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Sequera-Mutiozabal MI, Erban A, Kopka J, Atanasov KE, Bastida J, Fotopoulos V, Alcázar R, Tiburcio AF. Global Metabolic Profiling of Arabidopsis Polyamine Oxidase 4 (AtPAO4) Loss-of-Function Mutants Exhibiting Delayed Dark-Induced Senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:173. [PMID: 26925084 PMCID: PMC4757743 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Early and more recent studies have suggested that some polyamines (PAs), and particularly spermine (Spm), exhibit anti-senescence properties in plants. In this work, we have investigated the role of Arabidopsis Polyamine Oxidase 4 (PAO4), encoding a PA back-conversion oxidase, during dark-induced senescence. Two independent PAO4 (pao4-1 and pao4-2) loss-of-function mutants have been found that accumulate 10-fold higher Spm, and this associated with delayed entry into senescence under dark conditions. Mechanisms underlying pao4 delayed senescence have been studied using global metabolic profiling by GC-TOF/MS. pao4 mutants exhibit constitutively higher levels of important metabolites involved in redox regulation, central metabolism and signaling that support a priming status against oxidative stress. During senescence, interactions between PAs and oxidative, sugar and nitrogen metabolism have been detected that additively contribute to delayed entry into senescence. Our results indicate the occurrence of metabolic interactions between PAs, particularly Spm, with cell oxidative balance and transport/biosynthesis of amino acids as a strategy to cope with oxidative damage produced during senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren I. Sequera-Mutiozabal
- Department of Natural Products, Plant Biology and Soil Science, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Kostadin E. Atanasov
- Department of Natural Products, Plant Biology and Soil Science, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Department of Natural Products, Plant Biology and Soil Science, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of TechnologyLimassol, Cyprus
| | - Rubén Alcázar
- Department of Natural Products, Plant Biology and Soil Science, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio F. Tiburcio
- Department of Natural Products, Plant Biology and Soil Science, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antonio F. Tiburcio,
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Jancewicz AL, Gibbs NM, Masson PH. Cadaverine's Functional Role in Plant Development and Environmental Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:870. [PMID: 27446107 PMCID: PMC4914950 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadaverine derives from lysine in a pathway that is distinct from that of the other well-characterized ornithine- or arginine-derived polyamines. Despite a multitude of studies in bacterial systems, cadaverine has garnered little attention in plant research. Nonetheless, many plants have been found to synthesize it. For instance, the Leguminosae have been shown to produce cadaverine and use it as a precursor in the biosynthesis of quinolizidine alkaloids, secondary metabolites that are involved in insect defense and also display therapeutic pharmacological properties. Cadaverine is also present in the environment; it can be produced by rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbes. Markedly, exogenous cadaverine application causes alterations in root-system architecture. Previous research suggests cadaverine has a role in stress response, with groups reporting an increase in content upon exposure to heat, drought, salt, and oxidative stress. However, data regarding the role of cadaverine in stress response remains conflicted, as some plant systems show enhanced tolerance to stresses in its presence, while others show increased sensitivity to the same stresses. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of cadaverine in plant growth, development, and stress response. We also address the possible roles rhizosphere and phyllosphere microbes may play in the delivery of exogenous cadaverine near plant organs, and discuss our current understanding of the molecular pathways that contribute to cadaverine homeostasis and response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Jancewicz
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WIUSA
| | - Nicole M. Gibbs
- Program in Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics, Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WIUSA
| | - Patrick H. Masson
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WIUSA
- Program in Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics, Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WIUSA
- *Correspondence: Patrick H. Masson,
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