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Cattarinussi G, Di Giorgio A, Sambataro F. Cerebellar dysconnectivity in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is associated with cognitive and clinical variables. Schizophr Res 2024; 267:497-506. [PMID: 38582653 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). However, the patterns of cerebellar dysconnectivity in these two disorders and their association with cognitive functioning and clinical symptoms have not been fully clarified. In this study, we examined cerebellar FC alterations in SCZ and BD-I and their association with cognition and psychotic symptoms. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data of 39 SCZ, 43 BD-I, and 61 healthy controls from the Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics dataset were examined. The cerebellum was parcellated into ten functional networks, and seed-based FC was calculated for each cerebellar system. Principal component analyses were used to reduce the dimensionality of the diagnosis-related FC and cognitive variables. Multiple regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between FC and cognitive and clinical data. RESULTS We observed decreased cerebellar FC with the frontal, temporal, occipital, and thalamic areas in individuals with SCZ, and a more widespread decrease in cerebellar FC in individuals with BD-I, involving the frontal, cingulate, parietal, temporal, occipital, and thalamic regions. SCZ had increased within-cerebellum and cerebellar frontal FC compared to BD-I. In BD-I, memory and verbal learning performances, which were higher compared to SCZ, showed a greater interaction with cerebellar FC patterns. Additionally, patterns of increased cortico-cerebellar FC were marginally associated with positive symptoms in patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that shared and distinct patterns of cortico-cerebellar dysconnectivity in SCZ and BD-I could underlie cognitive impairments and psychotic symptoms in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- Department of Mental Health and Addictions, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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2
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Tai H, Kandeel N, Menon M, Ibrahim A, Choo B, Santana R, Jolayemi A. Role of the Cerebellum in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e56044. [PMID: 38606213 PMCID: PMC11008919 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic literature review was to investigate the role of the cerebellum in the affective symptoms observed in patients with bipolar disorder. The present systematic literature review included clinical studies conducted from 2013-2023 among adult populations with bipolar I and II disorders, along with their specifiers. With regard to cerebellar pathology, it was found that those with bipolar disorder performed worse than their healthy counterparts in their ability to comprehend the mental states of others and in identifying negative mental states. Additionally, individuals with bipolar disorder had reduced gray matter loss in regions such as lobules I-IX, crus I, and crus II, different functional activation patterns of the thalamus, striatum, and hippocampus on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and increased cortical thickness. Cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivities were altered in patients with bipolar disorder. The effects of lamotrigine and lithium on cerebellar volume and abnormalities are also discussed in this paper. The present systematic literature review illustrates the emerging involvement of the cerebellum in bipolar disorder and its affective symptoms and paves the way for future research and a better understanding of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Tai
- Medicine, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Nermien Kandeel
- Medicine, American University of Antigua, New York City, USA
| | - Maya Menon
- Medicine, American University of Antigua, New York City, USA
| | - Andrew Ibrahim
- Medicine, Saba University School of Medicine, The Bottom, NLD
| | - Byeongyeon Choo
- Medicine, American University of Antigua, New York City, USA
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3
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Jiang X, Cao B, Li C, Jia L, Jing Y, Cai W, Zhao W, Sun Q, Wu F, Kong L, Tang Y. Identifying misdiagnosed bipolar disorder using support vector machine: feature selection based on fMRI of follow-up confirmed affective disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:9. [PMID: 38191549 PMCID: PMC10774279 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Nearly a quarter of bipolar disorder (BD) patients were misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, which cannot be corrected until mania/hypomania develops. It is important to recognize these obstacles so that the appropriate treatment can be initiated. Thus, we sought to distinguish patients with BD from MDD, especially to identify misdiagnosed BD before mania/hypomania, and further explore potential trait features that allow accurate differential diagnosis independent of state matters. Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed at baseline on 92 MDD patients and 48 BD patients. The MDD patients were then followed up for more than two years. After follow-up, 23 patients transformed into BD (tBD), and 69 patients whose diagnoses remained unchanged were eligible for unipolar depression (UD). A support vector machine classifier was trained on the amygdala-based functional connectivity (FC) of 48 BD and 50 UD patients using a novel region-based feature selection. Then, the classifier was tested on the dataset, encompassing tBD and the remaining UD. It performed well for known BD and UD and can also distinguish tBD from UD with an accuracy of 81%, sensitivity of 82.6%, specificity of 79%, and AUC of 74.6%, respectively. Feature selection results revealed that ten regions within the cortico-limbic neural circuit contributed most to classification. Furthermore, in the FC comparisons among diseases, BD and tBD shared almost overlapped FC patterns in the cortico-limbic neural circuit, and both of them presented pronounced differences in most regions within the circuit compared with UD. The FC values of the most discriminating brain regions had no prominent correlations with the severity of depression, anxiety, and mania/hypomania (FDR correction). It suggests that BD possesses some trait features in the cortico-limbic neural circuit, rendering it dichotomized by the classifier based on known-diagnosis data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Jiang
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Chao Li
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Linna Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Yi Jing
- Neusoft Research of Intelligent Healthcare Technology, Co. Ltd, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110167, PR China
| | - Wei Cai
- Neusoft Research of Intelligent Healthcare Technology, Co. Ltd, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110167, PR China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Qikun Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Lingtao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China.
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4
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Saleem A, Harmata G, Jain S, Voss MW, Fiedorowicz JG, Williams AJ, Shaffer JJ, Richards JG, Barsotti EJ, Sathyaputri L, Schmitz SL, Christensen GE, Long JD, Xu J, Wemmie JA, Magnotta VA. Functional connectivity of the cerebellar vermis in bipolar disorder and associations with mood. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1147540. [PMID: 37215681 PMCID: PMC10196126 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Studies of the neural underpinnings of bipolar type I disorder have focused on the emotional control network. However, there is also growing evidence for cerebellar involvement, including abnormal structure, function, and metabolism. Here, we sought to assess functional connectivity of the cerebellar vermis with the cerebrum in bipolar disorder and to assess whether connectivity might depend on mood. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 128 participants with bipolar type I disorder and 83 control comparison participants who completed a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study, which included anatomical as well as resting state Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) imaging. Functional connectivity of the cerebellar vermis to all other brain regions was assessed. Based on quality control metrics of the fMRI data, 109 participants with bipolar disorder and 79 controls were included in the statistical analysis comparing connectivity of the vermis. In addition, the data was explored for the potential impacts of mood, symptom burden, and medication in those with bipolar disorder. Results Functional connectivity between the cerebellar vermis and the cerebrum was found to be aberrant in bipolar disorder. The connectivity of the vermis was found to be greater in bipolar disorder to regions involved in motor control and emotion (trending), while reduced connectivity was observed to a region associated with language production. In the participants with bipolar disorder, past depression symptom burden affected connectivity; however, no effects of medication were observed. Functional connectivity between the cerebellar vermis and all other regions revealed an inverse association with current mood ratings. Conclusion Together the findings may suggest that the cerebellum plays a compensatory role in bipolar disorder. The proximity of the cerebellar vermis to the skull may make this region a potential target for treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshaq Saleem
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gail Harmata
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Shivangi Jain
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michelle W. Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jess G. Fiedorowicz
- The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Joseph J. Shaffer
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Biosciences, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | | | | | - Leela Sathyaputri
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Embracing the World, Elburn, IL, United States
| | - Samantha L. Schmitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, United States
| | - Gary E. Christensen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jeffrey D. Long
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - John A. Wemmie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Vincent A. Magnotta
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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5
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Saleem A, Harmata G, Jain S, Voss MW, Fiedorowicz JG, Williams A, Shaffer JJ, Richards JG, Barsotti EJ, Sathyaputri L, Schmitz SL, Christensen GE, Long JD, Xu J, Wemmie JA, Magnotta VA. Functional Connectivity of the Cerebellar Vermis in Bipolar Disorder and Associations with Mood. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.02.526878. [PMID: 36778335 PMCID: PMC9915674 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.02.526878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Studies of the neural underpinnings of bipolar type I disorder have focused on the emotional control network. However, there is also growing evidence for cerebellar involvement, including abnormal structure, function, and metabolism. Here, we sought to assess functional connectivity of the cerebellum with the cerebrum in bipolar disorder and to assess whether any effects might depend on mood. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 128 participants with bipolar type I disorder and 83 control comparison participants who completed a 3T MRI scan, which included anatomical imaging as well as resting state BOLD imaging. Functional connectivity of the cerebellar vermis to all other brain regions was assessed. Based on quality control metrics of the fMRI data, 109 participants with bipolar disorder and 79 controls were used to in the statistical analysis comparing connectivity of the vermis as well as associations with mood. Potential impacts of medications were also explored. Results Functional connectivity of the cerebellar vermis in bipolar disorder was found to differ significantly between brain regions known to be involved in the control of emotion, motor function, and language. While connections with emotion and motor control areas were significantly stronger in bipolar disorder, connection to a region associated language production was significantly weaker. In the participants with bipolar disorder, ratings of depression and mania were inversely associated with vermis functional connectivity. No effect of medications on these connections were observed. Conclusion Together the findings suggest cerebellum may play a compensatory role in bipolar disorder and when it can no longer fulfill this role, depression and mania develop. The proximity of the cerebellar vermis to the skull may make this region a potential target for treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshaq Saleem
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Gail Harmata
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Shivangi Jain
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Michelle W. Voss
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Jess G. Fiedorowicz
- The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa Brain & Mind Research Institute, Ottawa ON Canada K1H 8L6
| | - Aislinn Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | | | | | | | - Leela Sathyaputri
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Samantha L. Schmitz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Gary E. Christensen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Jeffrey D. Long
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242,Department of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - John A. Wemmie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Vincent A. Magnotta
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242,Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
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6
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Olivito G, Siciliano L, Clausi S, Lupo M, Baiocco R, Gragnani A, Saettoni M, Delle Chiaie R, Laghi F, Leggio M. The Cerebellum Gets Social: Evidence from an Exploratory Study of Cerebellar, Neurodevelopmental, and Psychiatric Disorders. Biomedicines 2023; 11:309. [PMID: 36830846 PMCID: PMC9953169 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Social prediction is a key feature of social cognition (SC), a function in which the modulating role of the cerebellum is recognized. Accordingly, cerebellar alterations are reported in cerebellar pathologies, neurodevelopmental disorders, and psychiatric conditions that show SC deficits. Nevertheless, to date, no study has directly compared populations representative of these three conditions with respect to SC and cerebellar alterations. Therefore, the present exploratory study aimed to compare the SC profiles of individuals with cerebellar neurodegenerative disorders (CB), autism (ASD), bipolar disorder type 2 (BD2), or healthy subjects (HS) using a battery of social tests requiring different degrees of prediction processing. The patterns of cerebellar gray matter (GM) alterations were compared among the groups using voxel-based morphometry. Compared to HS, the clinical groups showed common SC deficits in tasks involving a moderate to high level of prediction. The behavioral results of the clinical groups are consistent with the presence of overlapping GM reduction in cerebellar right Crus II, an area notably involved in complex social processing and prediction. Although exploratory and preliminary, these results deepen the cerebellar role in social prediction and highlight the transdiagnostic value of the cerebellum in social functioning and prediction in pathologies of different aetiologies, forecasting novel possibilities for shared interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Olivito
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Libera Siciliano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Clausi
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Klinikos Center for Psychodiagnostics and Psychotherapy, Viale delle Milizie 38, 00192 Roma, Italy
| | - Michela Lupo
- Servizio di Tutela della Salute Mentale e Riabilitazione dell’Età Evolutiva ASL, Roma 2, 00145 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Gragnani
- Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva SPC, 58100 Grosseto, Italy
- Associazione Psicologia Cognitiva (APC)/Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (SPC), 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Saettoni
- Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva SPC, 58100 Grosseto, Italy
- Unità Funzionale Salute Mentale Adulti ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest Valle del Serchio, 56121 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Delle Chiaie
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health–Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorenzo Laghi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Maria Leggio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
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Siciliano L, Olivito G, Lupo M, Urbini N, Gragnani A, Saettoni M, Delle Chiaie R, Leggio M. The role of the cerebellum in sequencing and predicting social and non-social events in patients with bipolar disorder. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1095157. [PMID: 36874211 PMCID: PMC9974833 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1095157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Advances in the operational mode of the cerebellum indicate a role in sequencing and predicting non-social and social events, crucial for individuals to optimize high-order functions, such as Theory of Mind (ToM). ToM deficits have been described in patients with remitted bipolar disorders (BD). The literature on BD patients' pathophysiology reports cerebellar alterations; however, sequential abilities have never been investigated and no study has previously focused on prediction abilities, which are needed to properly interpret events and to adapt to changes. Methods To address this gap, we compared the performance of BD patients in the euthymic phase with healthy controls using two tests that require predictive processing: a ToM test that require implicit sequential processing and a test that explicitly assesses sequential abilities in non-ToM functions. Additionally, patterns of cerebellar gray matter (GM) alterations were compared between BD patients and controls using voxel-based morphometry. Results Impaired ToM and sequential skills were detected in BD patients, specifically when tasks required a greater predictive load. Behavioral performances might be consistent with patterns of GM reduction in cerebellar lobules Crus I-II, which are involved in advanced human functions. Discussion These results highlight the importance of deepening the cerebellar role in sequential and prediction abilities in patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libera Siciliano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusy Olivito
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Lupo
- Servizio di Tutela della Salute Mentale e Riabilitazione dell'Età Evolutiva ASL, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicole Urbini
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Gragnani
- Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva SPC, Grosseto, Italy.,Associazione Psicologia Cognitiva (APC)/Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (SPC), Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Saettoni
- Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva SPC, Grosseto, Italy.,Unità Funzionale Salute Mentale Adulti ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest Valle del Serchio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Delle Chiaie
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health-Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Leggio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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8
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Argyropoulos GPD, Lupo M, Olivito G. Editorial: The cerebellar role in psychiatric disorders: Emerging evidence and future perspectives. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1075679. [PMID: 36386782 PMCID: PMC9664192 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1075679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michela Lupo
- Servizio di Tutela della Salute Mentale e Riabilitazione dell'Età Evolutiva Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusy Olivito
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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9
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Olivito G, Lupo M, Siciliano L, Gragnani A, Saettoni M, Pancheri C, Panfili M, Pignatelli F, Delle Chiaie R, Leggio M. Theory of mind profile and cerebellar alterations in remitted bipolar disorder 1 and 2: a comparison study. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:971244. [PMID: 36160679 PMCID: PMC9492864 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.971244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature on social cognition abilities in bipolar disorder (BD) is controversial about the occurrence of theory of mind (ToM) alterations. In addition to other cerebral structures, such as the frontal and limbic areas, the processing of socially relevant stimuli has also been attributed to the cerebellum, which has been demonstrated to be involved in the above-mentioned disorder. Nevertheless, the cerebellar contribution to ToM deficits in bipolar patients needs to be elucidated further. To this aim, two tests assessing different components of ToM were used to evaluate the ability to appreciate affective and mental states of others in 17 individuals with a diagnosis of BD type 1 (BD1) and 13 with BD type 2 (BD2), both in the euthymic phase, compared to healthy matched controls. Cerebellar gray matter (GM) volumes were extracted and compared between BD1 and controls and BD2 and controls by using voxel-based morphometry. The results showed that BD1 patients were compromised in the cognitive and advanced components of ToM, while the BD2 ToM profile resulted in a more widespread compromise, also involving affective and automatic components. Both overlapping and differing areas of cerebellar GM reduction were found. The two groups of patients presented a pattern of GM reduction in cerebellar portions that are known to be involved in the affective and social domains, such as the vermis and Crus I and Crus II. Interestingly, in both BD1 and BD2, positive correlations were detected between lower ToM scores and decreased volumes in the cerebellum. Overall, BD2 patients showed a more compromised ToM profile and greater cerebellar impairment than BD1 patients. The different patterns of structural abnormalities may account for the different ToM performances evidenced, thus leading to divergent profiles between BD1 and BD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Olivito
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giusy Olivito
| | - Michela Lupo
- Servizio di Tutela della Salute Mentale e Riabilitazione dell’Età Evolutiva ASL, Rome, Italy
| | - Libera Siciliano
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Gragnani
- Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (SPC), Grosseto, Italy
- Associazione Psicologia Cognitiva (APC)/Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (SPC), Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Saettoni
- Scuola di Psicoterapia Cognitiva (SPC), Grosseto, Italy
- Unità Funzionale Salute Mentale Adulti ASL Toscana Nord-Ovest Valle del Serchio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Corinna Pancheri
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health–Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Panfili
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health–Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Delle Chiaie
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health–Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Leggio
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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10
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Siciliano L, Olivito G, Urbini N, Silveri MC, Leggio M. “Mens Sana in Corpore Sano”: The Emerging Link of Motor Reserve with Motor and Cognitive Abilities and Compensatory Brain Networks in SCA2 Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092166. [PMID: 36140267 PMCID: PMC9496032 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to resiliently cope with neuropathological lesions is a key scientific concern. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate whether motor reserve (MR), likely to be boosted by exercise engagement in a lifetime, affects motor symptom severity, cognitive functioning, and functional brain networks in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2)—a cerebellar neurodegenerative disease. The MR of 12 SCA2 patients was assessed using the Motor Reserve Index Questionnaire (MRIq), developed ad hoc for estimating lifespan MR. The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale was used to assess clinical motor features, and neuropsychological tests were used to evaluate cognitive functioning. Patients underwent an MRI examination, and network-based statistics (NBS) analysis was carried out to detect patterns of functional connectivity (FC). Significant correlations were found between MRIq measures and the severity of motor symptoms, educational and intellectual levels, executive function, and processing speed. NBS analysis revealed a higher FC within subnetworks consisting of specific cerebellar and cerebral areas. FC patterns were positively correlated with MRIq measures, likely indicating the identification of an MR network. The identified network might reflect a biomarker likely to underlie MR, influenced by education and cognitive functioning, and impacting the severity of motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libera Siciliano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Giusy Olivito
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Nicole Urbini
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Leggio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, 00179 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Integrity of cerebellar tracts associated with the risk of bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:335. [PMID: 35977925 PMCID: PMC9385641 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the structural brain differences across individuals of different BD stages and the risks of developing bipolar disorder (BD) associated with these brain differences. A total of 221 participants who were recruited from the Guangzhou Brain Hospital and the community were categorized into four groups: NC (healthy control) (N = 77), high risk (HR) (N = 42), ultra-high risk (UHR) (N = 38), and bipolar disorder (BD) (N = 64) based on a list of criteria. Their demographics, clinical characteristics, and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data were collected. ANCOVA results showed that the HR group had significantly reduced mean diffusivity (MD) (p = 0.043) and radial diffusivity (RD) (p = 0.039) of the left portico-ponto-cerebellar tracts when compared with the BD group. Moreover, logistic regression results showed that the specific diffusivity measures of cerebellar tracts (e.g., cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract), particularly the RD and MD revealed differences between groups at different BD stages after controlling for the covariates. The findings suggested that specific diffusivity (RD and MD) of cerebellar tracts (e.g., cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract) revealed differences between groups at different BD stages which is helpful in detecting the trajectory changes in BD syndromes in the early stages of BD, particularly when the BD syndromes start from HR stage.
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Jiang X, Guo Y, Jia L, Zhu Y, Sun Q, Kong L, Wu F, Tang Y. Altered Levels of Plasma Inflammatory Cytokines and White Matter Integrity in Bipolar Disorder Patients With Suicide Attempts. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:861881. [PMID: 35463510 PMCID: PMC9021603 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.861881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorder (BD) has a higher lifetime rate of suicide attempts (SA) than other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, BD patients with SA (BD + S) are prone to a worse quality of life. However, the pathophysiology of BD + S is poorly understood. To further reveal the potential mechanisms of BD + S, abnormalities in peripheral plasma inflammatory cytokines and brain white matter (WM) in BD + S, as well as the correlation between them are investigated. METHODS We tested the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in peripheral plasma and collected the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from 14 BD + S, 24 BD patients without SA (BD-S), and 26 healthy controls (HCs). The three groups were matched by age and gender. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected by Luminex multifactor detection technology, and the fractional anisotropy (FA) values were employed to depict the alterations of WM. Partial correlation analyses were conducted to detect correlations between levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and changes of WM, and the relationships between severity of clinical symptoms, including scores of HAMD-17 and YMRS, and cytokine levels or FA values in all groups. RESULTS For plasma inflammatory cytokines, there was no significant difference in their levels except for IL-6 among the three groups. Post-hoc analyses revealed that increased IL-6 level was only detected in BD + S (p < 0.05, Bonferroni correction). For DTI, BD + S showed specifically decreased FA in the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle and the left superior corona radiata compared to BD-S and HCs (p < 0.05, Bonferroni correction). Additionally, both BD + S and BD-S groups revealed decreased FA in the bilateral body and genu of corpus callosum (CC) compared to HCs (p < 0.05, Bonferroni correction). No significant correlation between plasma inflammatory cytokines and WM integrity was found. In the BD + S group, we found negative correlation between the scores of YMRS and FA values of the left middle cerebellar peduncle (r = -0.74, p = 0.035). CONCLUSION The inflammation and impaired WM integrity may provide a scientific basis to understand the potential mechanisms of BD + S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Jiang
- Brain Function Research Section, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingrui Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linna Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qikun Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingtao Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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