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Morgan WS, Ives CW, Farag AA, Kumar V, Bhambhvani P, Iskandrian AE, Hage FG. Effect of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony assessed pre-renal transplantation on cardiovascular death post transplantation. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:2896-2905. [PMID: 34677806 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-021-02818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) provides an assessment of LV mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) which correlates with CVD outcomes in diverse populations including those awaiting renal transplant (RT). The current study examines the association of LVMD on pre-transplant MPI with long-term CVD mortality post RT. METHODS We identified consecutive patients who underwent RT at the University of Alabama at Birmingham between 2008 and 2012 from our prospectively collected database. 675 patients in the database underwent MPI and had images amenable for phase analysis. A blinded investigator retrieved the studies and derived LVMD indices including histogram bandwidth (BW), standard deviation (SD), phase peak, phase skewness, and phase kurtosis. The primary outcome was CVD death after RT. RESULTS The study cohort had a median age of 54 years, 56% were men, 43% had diabetes, and 7% had prior myocardial infarction. Patients were on dialysis for a median of 3.4 years prior to RT and 34% received living donor transplants. During a median follow-up time after RT of 4.7 years (IQR 3.5 to 6.3 years) 59 patients (9%) succumbed to CVD death. Patients with wider BW, wider SD, lower skewness, and lower kurtosis had an increased risk of CVD death. On multivariate adjustment, BW and skewness remained as independent predictors of CVD deaths. CONCLUSIONS LVMD by phase analysis of gated SPECT MPI is associated with increased risk of CVD death after RT. This association is independent of demographics, comorbidities, and traditional findings on MPI and added incremental prognostic information. Assessment of LVMD should be considered for risk stratification in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Morgan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christopher W Ives
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Lyons Harrison Research Building 306, 1900 University BLVD, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ayman A Farag
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Lyons Harrison Research Building 306, 1900 University BLVD, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Vineeta Kumar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Pradeep Bhambhvani
- Division of Molecular Imaging & Therapeutics, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ami E Iskandrian
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Lyons Harrison Research Building 306, 1900 University BLVD, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Fadi G Hage
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Lyons Harrison Research Building 306, 1900 University BLVD, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Dyspnea-Suspected Cardiac Origin (Ischemia Already Excluded): 2021 Update. J Am Coll Radiol 2022; 19:S37-S52. [PMID: 35550804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dyspnea is the symptom of perceived breathing discomfort and is commonly encountered in a variety of clinical settings. Cardiac etiologies of dyspnea are an important consideration; among these, valvular heart disease (Variant 1), arrhythmia (Variant 2), and pericardial disease (Variant 3) are reviewed in this document. Imaging plays an important role in the clinical assessment of these suspected abnormalities, with usually appropriate procedures including resting transthoracic echocardiography in all three variants, radiography for Variants 1 and 3, MRI heart function and morphology in Variants 2 and 3, and CT heart function and morphology with intravenous contrast for Variant 3. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer reviewed journals and the application of well-established methodologies (RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where evidence is lacking or equivocal, expert opinion may supplement the available evidence to recommend imaging or treatment.
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Fudim M, Dalgaard F, Fathallah M, Iskandrian AE, Borges-Neto S. Mechanical dyssynchrony: How do we measure it, what it means, and what we can do about it. J Nucl Cardiol 2021; 28:2174-2184. [PMID: 31144228 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) is defined by a difference in the timing of mechanical contraction or relaxation between different segments of the left ventricle (LV). Mechanical dyssynchrony is distinct from electrical dyssynchrony as measured by QRS duration and has been of increasing interest due to its association with worse prognosis and potential role in patient selection for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Although echocardiography is the most used modality to assess LVMD, some limitations apply to this modality. Compared to echo-based modalities, nuclear imaging by gated single-photon emission computed tomography (GSPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has clear advantages in evaluating systolic and diastolic LVMD. GSPECT MPI can determine systolic and diastolic mechanical dyssynchrony by the variability in the timing in which different LV segments contract or relax, which has prognostic impact in patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure. As such, by targeting mechanical dyssynchrony instead of electrical dyssynchrony, GSPECT MPI can potentially improve patient selection for CRT. So far, few studies have investigated the role of diastolic dyssynchrony, but recent evidence seems to suggest high prevalence and more prognostic impact than previously recognized. In the present review, we provide an oversight of mechanical dyssynchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Fudim
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Frederik Dalgaard
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ami E Iskandrian
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Salvator Borges-Neto
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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Zavadovskij KV, Saushkin VV, Varlamova YV, Mishkina AI, Shipulin VV, Lebedev DI, Popov SV. Mechanical Dyssynchrony for Prediction of the Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Response in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 61:14-21. [PMID: 34397337 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2021.7.n1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the predictive value of indexes of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (MD) as determined by data of electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (ECG-MPS) for prediction of the efficacy of resynchronization therapy (RT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Material and methods This prospective study included 32 patients with nonischemic CHF and standard indications for RT. All patients underwent complete clinical an instrumental examination, including 24-h ECG monitoring and echocardiography (EchoCG). In order to evaluate the left ventricular (LV) myocardial perfusion, contractile function, and MD, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy was performed for all patients at rest prior to RT. In addition to the perfusion defect size at rest and hemodynamic parameters, LV MD was determined. The following indexes were used for analysis of dyssynchronization: phase standard deviation (PSD), phase histogram bandwidth (HBW), and phase histogram asymmetry and steepness. The treatment efficacy was evaluated by the clinical status of patients (clinical condition evaluation scale for CHF patient) and EchoCG at 6 months following RT. The criteria for a positive response to RT were an increase in LV ejection fraction (EF) by 5% and/or a decrease in the LV end-diastolic volume by 15% compared to preoperative values.Results According to ECG-MPS findings, all patients had scintigraphic signs of severe CHF with dilated LV cavity (end-diastolic volume, EDV 246 [217; 269] ml) and also of pronounced mechanical and electrical dyssynchrony. The values of mechanical dyssynchrony were PSD 53 [41; 61], HBW 176 [136; 202], asymmetry 1.62 [1.21; 1.89], and steepness 2.81 [1.21; 3.49]. The QRS duration was 165 [155; 175] msec. Furthermore, the LV perfusion was moderately impaired (perfusion defect size 4 [3; 10] %). Mean follow-up duration after implantation of the resynchronizing device was 6±1.7 mos. According to the selected criteria, 20 (63 %) patients were considered as responders and 12 (37 %) patients as non-responders. Before implantation of the cardiac synchronizing device, responders and non-responders differed only in LV MD (PSD 44 [35; 54] vs. 63 [58; 72]; p=0.0001); HBW 158 [118; 179] vs. 205 [199; 249]; p=0.0001; asymmetry 1.77 [1.62; 2.02] vs. 1.21 [0.93; 1.31]; p=0.0001; steepness 3.03 [2.60; 3.58] vs. 1.21 [0.19; 1.46]; p=0.0001), respectively. A one-factor logistic regression analysis showed that MD values were statistically significant predictors of a positive response to RT. A multi-factor logistic analysis of phase histogram steepness (odds ratio, OR 1.196; 95 % confidence interval, CI 1.04-1.37) and PSD (OR 0.67; 95 % CI 0.47-0.97) were identified as independent predictors for the response to RT. According to results of the ROC analysis, a PSD <55 and a phase histogram steepness >1.54 may predict the effectiveness of RT (AUC= 0.92; р=0.0001).Conclusion LV MD parameters determined with ECG-MPS allow predicting the effectiveness of RT in patients with nonischemic CHF. In this patient group, high values of standard deviation and low values of phase histogram steepness were independent predictors for the absence of response to RT after 6 mos. of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Zavadovskij
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
| | - V V Saushkin
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
| | - Yu V Varlamova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
| | - A I Mishkina
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
| | - V V Shipulin
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
| | - D I Lebedev
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
| | - S V Popov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk
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Romero-Farina G, Aguadé-Bruix S. Perspective and future direction of intraventricular mechanical dyssynchrony assessment. J Nucl Cardiol 2021; 28:65-71. [PMID: 30684259 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Romero-Farina
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Paseo Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Santiago Aguadé-Bruix
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Are there normal values of phase analysis parameters for left ventricular dyssynchrony in patients with no structural cardiomyopathy?: a systematic review. Nucl Med Commun 2019; 40:980-985. [PMID: 31469810 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ECG-gated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion scintigraphy combined with phase analysis allows for the assessment of left ventricular dyssynchrony. However, there are several software programs available thereby introducing variability in outcome and normal values. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the variability between different programs as currently available in literature with a focus on normal values. METHODS A systematic review was performed using the Embase, LILACS and Medline databases looking for articles reporting on normal values of the most used phase analysis parameters. The search resulted in 110 articles from Medline, 349 from Embase and one from LILACS. After exclusion of duplicate articles, 370 documents remained. Of these only 13 were deemed eligible for the systematic review. RESULTS Phase SD and bandwidth are the main parameters used in dyssynchrony analysis. Most articles reviewed here used the Emory Cardiac ToolBox (ECTb) to determine the phase analysis parameters values, which varied greatly among the four software tested. The bandwidth and phase SD calculated by the Quantitative Gated SPECT (QGS) tends to be smaller than that calculated by the ECTb. In relation to the bandwidth, ECTb and cardioREPO (cREPO) have higher values than the other software programs. The value of entropy obtained from 4DM is lower than those obtained from QGS and cREPO. CONCLUSION We found that normal values of phase analysis can vary among software programs and can be different even when the same software is used.
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Hsu SY, Lin HC, Chen TB, Du WC, Hsu YH, Wu YC, Tu PW, Huang YH, Chen HY. Feasible Classified Models for Parkinson Disease from 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT Imaging. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19071740. [PMID: 30978990 PMCID: PMC6480576 DOI: 10.3390/s19071740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The neuroimaging techniques such as dopaminergic imaging using Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-TRODAT-1 have been employed to detect the stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this retrospective study, a total of 202 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT imaging were collected. All of the PD patient cases were separated into mild (HYS Stage 1 to Stage 3) and severe (HYS Stage 4 and Stage 5) PD, according to the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (HYS) standard. A three-dimensional method was used to estimate six features of activity distribution and striatal activity volume in the images. These features were skewness, kurtosis, Cyhelsky’s skewness coefficient, Pearson’s median skewness, dopamine transporter activity volume, and dopamine transporter activity maximum. Finally, the data were modeled using logistic regression (LR) and support vector machine (SVM) for PD classification. The results showed that SVM classifier method produced a higher accuracy than LR. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy, and AUC with SVM method were 0.82, 1.00, 0.84, 0.67, 0.83, and 0.85, respectively. Additionally, the Kappa value was shown to reach 0.68. This claimed that the SVM-based model could provide further reference for PD stage classification in medical diagnosis. In the future, more healthy cases will be expected to clarify the false positive rate in this classification model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yen Hsu
- Department of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, No.1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Rd., Dashu District, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, No.1, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Tai-Been Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chang Du
- Department of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, No.1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Rd., Dashu District, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.1, Yida Rd, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chen Wu
- Department of Information Engineering, I-Shou University, No.1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Rd., Dashu District, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.1, Yida Rd, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.1, Yida Rd, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Hui Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Yung Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No.1, Yida Rd, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
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Fudim M, Borges-Neto S. Mechanical dyssynchrony according to validated cut-off values using gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:1038. [PMID: 28138815 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-0790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marat Fudim
- Duke Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, DUMC, Box 3929, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Salvador Borges-Neto
- Duke Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, DUMC, Box 3929, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Duke Department of Radiology and Division of Nuclear Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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Automated Classification of Severity in Cardiac Dyssynchrony Merging Clinical Data and Mechanical Descriptors. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2017; 2017:3087407. [PMID: 28348637 PMCID: PMC5350313 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3087407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves functional classification among patients with left ventricle malfunction and ventricular electric conduction disorders. However, a high percentage of subjects under CRT (20%–30%) do not show any improvement. Nonetheless the presence of mechanical contraction dyssynchrony in ventricles has been proposed as an indicator of CRT response. This work proposes an automated classification model of severity in ventricular contraction dyssynchrony. The model includes clinical data such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), QRS and P-R intervals, and the 3 most significant factors extracted from the factor analysis of dynamic structures applied to a set of equilibrium radionuclide angiography images representing the mechanical behavior of cardiac contraction. A control group of 33 normal volunteers (28 ± 5 years, LVEF of 59.7% ± 5.8%) and a HF group of 42 subjects (53.12 ± 15.05 years, LVEF < 35%) were studied. The proposed classifiers had hit rates of 90%, 50%, and 80% to distinguish between absent, mild, and moderate-severe interventricular dyssynchrony, respectively. For intraventricular dyssynchrony, hit rates of 100%, 50%, and 90% were observed distinguishing between absent, mild, and moderate-severe, respectively. These results seem promising in using this automated method for clinical follow-up of patients undergoing CRT.
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