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Bourque JM, Beller GA. Nuclear Cardiology: The Past, Present, and Future. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 17:e016875. [PMID: 38771905 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.124.016875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamieson M Bourque
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiac Imaging Center (J.M.B., G.A.B.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging (J.M.B.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - George A Beller
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiac Imaging Center (J.M.B., G.A.B.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
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van Assen M, Tariq A, Razavi AC, Yang C, Banerjee I, De Cecco CN. Fusion Modeling: Combining Clinical and Imaging Data to Advance Cardiac Care. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:e014533. [PMID: 38073535 PMCID: PMC10754220 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.122.014533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the traditional clinical risk factors, an increasing amount of imaging biomarkers have shown value for cardiovascular risk prediction. Clinical and imaging data are captured from a variety of data sources during multiple patient encounters and are often analyzed independently. Initial studies showed that fusion of both clinical and imaging features results in superior prognostic performance compared with traditional scores. There are different approaches to fusion modeling, combining multiple data resources to optimize predictions, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. However, manual extraction of clinical and imaging data is time and labor intensive and often not feasible in clinical practice. An automated approach for clinical and imaging data extraction is highly desirable. Convolutional neural networks and natural language processing can be utilized for the extraction of electronic medical record data, imaging studies, and free-text data. This review outlines the current status of cardiovascular risk prediction and fusion modeling; and in addition gives an overview of different artificial intelligence approaches to automatically extract data from images and electronic medical records for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marly van Assen
- Translational Laboratory for Cardiothoracic Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amara Tariq
- Machine Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging (MI-2) Lab, Mayo Clinic, AZ, USA
| | - Alexander C. Razavi
- Translational Laboratory for Cardiothoracic Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carl Yang
- Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Imon Banerjee
- Machine Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging (MI-2) Lab, Mayo Clinic, AZ, USA
| | - Carlo N. De Cecco
- Translational Laboratory for Cardiothoracic Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
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Lakshmanan S, Gimelli A. Cardiovascular Imaging in Clinical Trial Design: A Vision for Sustainability. JACC Case Rep 2023; 24:102048. [PMID: 37869224 PMCID: PMC10589438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2023.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
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Nappi C, Panico M, Falzarano M, Vallone C, Ponsiglione A, Cutillo P, Zampella E, Petretta M, Cuocolo A. Tracers for Cardiac Imaging: Targeting the Future of Viable Myocardium. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051532. [PMID: 37242772 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. In this context, myocardial viability is defined as the amount of myocardium that, despite contractile dysfunction, maintains metabolic and electrical function, having the potential for functional enhancement upon revascularization. Recent advances have improved methods to detect myocardial viability. The current paper summarizes the pathophysiological basis of the current methods used to detect myocardial viability in light of the advancements in the development of new radiotracers for cardiac imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Nappi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Panico
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Council of Research, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Falzarano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Vallone
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ponsiglione
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Cutillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Zampella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Petretta
- IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, Via Gianturco 113, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Cuocolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Diseases Research Using Animal Models and PET Radioisotope Tracers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010353. [PMID: 36613797 PMCID: PMC9820417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a collective term describing a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. Due to the varied nature of the disorders, distinguishing between their causes and monitoring their progress is crucial for finding an effective treatment. Molecular imaging enables non-invasive visualisation and quantification of biological pathways, even at the molecular and subcellular levels, what is essential for understanding the causes and development of CVD. Positron emission tomography imaging is so far recognized as the best method for in vivo studies of the CVD related phenomena. The imaging is based on the use of radioisotope-labelled markers, which have been successfully used in both pre-clinical research and clinical studies. Current research on CVD with the use of such radioconjugates constantly increases our knowledge and understanding of the causes, and brings us closer to effective monitoring and treatment. This review outlines recent advances in the use of the so-far available radioisotope markers in the research on cardiovascular diseases in rodent models, points out the problems and provides a perspective for future applications of PET imaging in CVD studies.
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Ren H, Zeng XZ, Zhao XX, Hou DY, Yao H, Yaseen M, Zhao L, Xu WH, Wang H, Li LL. A bioactivated in vivo assembly nanotechnology fabricated NIR probe for small pancreatic tumor intraoperative imaging. Nat Commun 2022; 13:418. [PMID: 35058435 PMCID: PMC8776730 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27932-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time imaging of the tumour boundary is important during surgery to ensure that sufficient tumour tissue has been removed. However, the current fluorescence probes for bioimaging suffer from poor tumour specificity and narrow application of the imaging window used. Here, we report a bioactivated in vivo assembly (BIVA) nanotechnology, demonstrating a general optical probe with enhanced tumour accumulation and prolonged imaging window. The BIVA probe exhibits active targeting and assembly induced retention effect, which improves selectivity to tumours. The surface specific nanofiber assembly on the tumour surface increases the accumulation of probe at the boundary of the tumor. The blood circulation time of the BIVA probe is prolonged by 110 min compared to idocyanine green. The assembly induced metabolic stability broaden the difference between the tumor and background, obtaining a delayed imaging window between 8-96 h with better signal-to-background contrast (>9 folds). The fabricated BIVA probe permits precise imaging of small sized (<2 mm) orthotopic pancreatic tumors in vivo. The high specificity and sensitivity of the BIVA probe may further benefit the intraoperative imaging in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ren
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiang-Zhong Zeng
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), 100049, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Da-Yong Hou
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, 150001, Harbin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Haodong Yao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Lina Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Wan-Hai Xu
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in Urology, 150001, Harbin, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probes and Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Li-Li Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
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Cardiac hybrid imaging: novel tracers for novel targets. JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC 2021; 18:748-758. [PMID: 34659381 PMCID: PMC8501382 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive cardiac imaging has explored enormous advances in the last few decades. In particular, hybrid imaging represents the fusion of information from multiple imaging modalities, allowing to provide a more comprehensive dataset compared to traditional imaging techniques in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The complementary anatomical, functional and molecular information provided by hybrid systems are able to simplify the evaluation procedure of various pathologies in a routine clinical setting. The diagnostic capability of hybrid imaging modalities can be further enhanced by introducing novel and specific imaging biomarkers. The aim of this review is to cover the most recent advancements in radiotracers development for SPECT/CT, PET/CT, and PET/MRI for cardiovascular diseases.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Current therapeutic strategies to mitigate heart failure progression after myocardial infarction involve support of endogenous repair through molecular targets. The capacity for repair varies greatly between individuals. In this review, we will assess how cardiac PET/CT enables precise characterization of early pathogenetic processes which govern ventricle remodeling and progression to heart failure. Recent Findings Inflammation in the first days after myocardial infarction predicts subsequent functional decline and can influence therapy decisions. The expansion of anti-inflammatory approaches to improve outcomes after myocardial infarction may benefit from noninvasive characterization using imaging. Novel probes also allow visualization of fibroblast transdifferentiation and activation, as a precursor to ventricle remodeling. Summary The expanding arsenal of molecular imaging agents in parallel with new treatment options provides opportunity to harmonize diagnostic imaging with precision therapy.
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