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Chen Q, Gao K, Xu Y, Sun Y, Pan B, Chen D, Luo C, Cheng X, Liu H, Huang C. Research advance on cold tolerance in chrysanthemum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1259229. [PMID: 37828931 PMCID: PMC10565118 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1259229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Chrysanthemums are one of the top ten most well-known traditional famous flowers in China and one of the top four cut flowers worldwide, holding a significant position in landscape gardening. The cold temperatures of winter restrict the cultivation, introduction, and application of chrysanthemum, resulting in high costs for year-round production. This severely impacts the ornamental and economic value of chrysanthemum. Therefore, research on cold tolerance is of vital importance for guiding chrysanthemum production and application. With the development of genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and other omics approaches, along with high-throughput molecular marker technologies, research on chrysanthemum cold tolerance has been continuously advancing. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in cold tolerance research from various aspects, including chrysanthemum phenotype, physiological mechanisms, the forward genetics, molecular mechanisms, and breeding. The aim is to offer insights into the mechanisms of cold tolerance in chrysanthemum and provide reference for in-depth research and the development of new cold tolerance chrysanthemum varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbing Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Architecture, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kang Gao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - YuRan Xu
- College of Architecture, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
| | - YaHui Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Architecture, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Architecture, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Luo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Functional Floriculture, Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li B, Yang C, An B, Wang H, Albaqami M, Abou-Elwafa SF, Xu L, Xu Y. Comparative transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses reveal conserved and divergent regulatory pathways in barley response to temperature stresses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13727. [PMID: 35657636 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone modification enable plants to rapidly adapt to adverse temperature stresses, including low temperature (LT) and high temperature (HT) stress. In this study, we conducted physiological, epigenetic, and transcriptomic analyses of barley seedlings grown under control (22°C), mild low temperature (MLT, 14°C) and HT (38°C) conditions to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Compared to MLT, HT implies greater deleterious effects on barley seedlings' growth. The methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism analysis showed that MLT induced more DNA methylation and HT more DNA demethylation compared to control. Besides, the higher levels of H3K9ac and H3K4me3 under HT compared to MLT stresses might lead to the loosening of chromatin and, subsequently, the activation of gene expression. Consistently, the transcriptome analysis revealed that there were more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in plants subjected to HT stress than MLT stress compared to control. The common and unique pathways of these DEGs between MLT and HT were also analyzed. Transcription factors, such as ERF, bHLH, NAC, HSF, and MYB, were most involved in MLT and HT stress. The underlying gene regulation networks of epigenetic modulation-related genes were further explored by weight gene co-expression network analysis. Our study provides new insights into the understanding of epigenetic regulation responses to temperature stress in barley, which will lead to improved strategies for the development of cold- and heat-tolerant barley varieties for sustainable barley production in a climate-changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Caixian Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingzhuang An
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongpan Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Le Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yanhao Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Plant DNA Methylation Responds to Nutrient Stress. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060992. [PMID: 35741754 PMCID: PMC9222553 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient stress as abiotic stress has become one of the important factors restricting crop yield and quality. DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic modification that can effectively regulate genome stability. Exploring DNA methylation responses to nutrient stress could lay the foundation for improving plant tolerance to nutrient stress. This article summarizes the plant DNA methylation patterns, the effects of nutrient stress, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, zinc and sulfur stress, on plant DNA methylation and research techniques for plant DNA methylation, etc. Our discussion provides insight for further research on epigenetics response to nutrient stress in the future.
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Exploration of Epigenetics for Improvement of Drought and Other Stress Resistance in Crops: A Review. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061226. [PMID: 34208642 PMCID: PMC8235456 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Crop plants often have challenges of biotic and abiotic stresses, and they adapt sophisticated ways to acclimate and cope with these through the expression of specific genes. Changes in chromatin, histone, and DNA mostly serve the purpose of combating challenges and ensuring the survival of plants in stressful environments. Epigenetic changes, due to environmental stress, enable plants to remember a past stress event in order to deal with such challenges in the future. This heritable memory, called "plant stress memory", enables plants to respond against stresses in a better and efficient way, not only for the current plant in prevailing situations but also for future generations. Development of stress resistance in plants for increasing the yield potential and stability has always been a traditional objective of breeders for crop improvement through integrated breeding approaches. The application of epigenetics for improvements in complex traits in tetraploid and some other field crops has been unclear. An improved understanding of epigenetics and stress memory applications will contribute to the development of strategies to incorporate them into breeding for complex agronomic traits. The insight in the application of novel plant breeding techniques (NPBTs) has opened a new plethora of options among plant scientists to develop germplasms for stress tolerance. This review summarizes and discusses plant stress memory at the intergenerational and transgenerational levels, mechanisms involved in stress memory, exploitation of induced and natural epigenetic changes, and genome editing technologies with their future possible applications, in the breeding of crops for abiotic stress tolerance to increase the yield for zero hunger goals achievement on a sustainable basis in the changing climatic era.
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In Response to Abiotic Stress, DNA Methylation Confers EpiGenetic Changes in Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061096. [PMID: 34070712 PMCID: PMC8227271 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics involves the heritable changes in patterns of gene expression determined by developmental and abiotic stresses, i.e., drought, cold, salinity, trace metals, and heat. Gene expression is driven by changes in DNA bases, histone proteins, the biogenesis of ncRNA, and changes in the nucleotide sequence. To cope with abiotic stresses, plants adopt certain changes driven by a sophisticated biological system. DNA methylation is a primary mechanism for epigenetic variation, which can induce phenotypic alterations in plants under stress. Some of the stress-driven changes in plants are temporary, while some modifications may be stable and inheritable to the next generations to allow them to cope with such extreme stress challenges in the future. In this review, we discuss the pivotal role of epigenetically developed phenotypic characteristics in plants as an evolutionary process participating in adaptation and tolerance responses to abiotic and biotic stresses that alter their growth and development. We emphasize the molecular process underlying changes in DNA methylation, differential variation for different species, the roles of non-coding RNAs in epigenetic modification, techniques for studying DNA methylation, and its role in crop improvement in tolerance to abiotic stress (drought, salinity, and heat). We summarize DNA methylation as a significant future research priority for tailoring crops according to various challenging environmental issues.
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Li Z, Hu Y, Chang M, Kashif MH, Tang M, Luo D, Cao S, Lu H, Zhang W, Huang Z, Yue J, Chen P. 5-azacytidine pre-treatment alters DNA methylation levels and induces genes responsive to salt stress in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129562. [PMID: 33453481 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is becoming a major threat to the sustainable development of global agriculture. Kenaf is an industrial fiber crop with high tolerance to salt stress and could be used for soil phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanism of kenaf salt tolerance remains largely unknown. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modifications phenomena and plays a key role in gene expression regulation under abiotic stress condition. In the present study, the kenaf seedlings were pre-treated or not with 50 μM 5-azacytidine (5-azaC, a DNA methylation inhibitor) and then subjected to different concentrations of NaCl. Results showed that the biomass and antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) of kenaf seedlings pre-treated with 5-azaC were significantly increased, while the contents of superoxide anion (O2-) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased, indicating that 5-azaC pre-treatment could significantly alleviate salt stress injury. Furthermore, the methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) analysis revealed that DNA methylation level of keanf seedlings pre-treated with 5-azaC significantly decreased. The expression of seven differentially methylated genes responsing to salt stress was significantly changed from real-time fluorescent quantitative (qRT-PCR) analysis. Finally, knocked-down of the l-ascorbate oxidase (L-AAO) gene by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) resulted in increased sensitivity of kenaf seedlings under salt stress. Overall, it was suggested that 5-azaC pre-treatment can significantly improve salt tolerance in kenaf by decreasing ROS content, raising anti-oxidant activities, and regulating DNA methylation and expression of stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mengmeng Chang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Muhammad Haneef Kashif
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Meiqiong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dengjie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Wenxian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiao Yue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
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Guo J, Sun W, Liu H, Chi J, Odiba AS, Li G, Jin L, Xin C. Aldehyde dehydrogenase plays crucial roles in response to lower temperature stress in Solanum tuberosum and Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 297:110525. [PMID: 32563465 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of ALDH2B7a during the response to lower temperature in Solanum tuberosum. This gene was found to have altered intragenic DNA methylation status in our previous reports. A total of 18 orthologs of StALDH2B7a were identified in the S. tuberosum genome, which were then divided into 8 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) subfamilies. The methylation statuses of four intragenic cytosine sites in intron 5 and exon 6 of genomic StALDH2B7a were altered by lower temperature stress, resulting in changes in the expression of StALDH2B7a. Silencing of NbALDH2C4, a homolog of StALDH2B7a in Nicotiana benthamiana, resulted in plants which were sensitive to lower temperature and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). These data suggested that the expression of StALDH2B7a was upregulated by alteration of its intragenic cytosine methylation status during lower temperature stress, and additional StALDH2B7a enzymes scavenged excess aldehydes resulting from ROS in a response to cold stress in potato. Our study expands the understanding of the mechanisms involved in plant responses to lower temperature, and provides a new gene source to improve potato tolerance to cold stress in northern China, where lower temperature is one of the key limiting factors for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Hanyang Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Junling Chi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Arome Solomon Odiba
- National Engineering Research Center for Non-Food Biorefinery, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Guangcun Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Jin
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
| | - Cuihua Xin
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China.
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Responsive changes of DNA methylation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) under water deficit. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7938. [PMID: 32404881 PMCID: PMC7220947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64660-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation plays an important role in the growth and development of plant, and would change under different environments. In this study, 5-methyl cytosine (5mC) content and methylation level exhibited tissue specificity in genomic DNA of wheat seedling, and increased significantly in leaf along with the increase of water deficit, which was especially significant in leaf of wheat AK58. Full-methylation might dominate in genomic DNA of wheat seedling, the increase of full-methylation level under water deficit was significantly higher than that of hemi-methylation level. Under water deficit, DNA methylation of wheat seedling showed significant polymorphism, this polymorphism was always higher in root, especially was higher in root of wheat AK58. Further analysis appeared that changes of DNA methylation in wheat seedling took methylation as principle and demethylation as supplement under water deficit. Therefore, under water deficit, the degree, level and polymorphism of DNA methylation in wheat seedling showed tissue specificity and species specificity, and were higher in wheat AK58 compared with those of wheat XM13, perhaps wheat AK58 could more rapidly respond to water deficit by changes of DNA methylation, which would contribute to reveal molecular mechanism of wheat adapting to water deficit.
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Xin C, Chi J, Zhao Y, He Y, Guo J. Cadmium stress alters cytosine methylation status and expression of a select set of genes in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 284:16-24. [PMID: 31084868 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluated the genotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) in plants by performing a methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) on the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Among 255 loci examined, 14 genes were found to show altered cytosine methylation patterns in response to Cd stress. Four of those genes (NbMORC3, NbHGSNAT, NbMUT, and NbBG) were selected for further analysis due to their predicted roles in plant development. Cd-induced changes of cytosine methylation status in MSAP fragments of selected genes were confirmed using bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction (BSP). In addition, the expression levels of these genes were found to correlate with cadmium dosage, and a knock-down of these four genes via virus-induced genes silencing (VIGS) led to abnormal development and elevated sensitivity to cadmium stress. Silencing of these four genes resulted in altered cadmium accumulation in different parts of the experimental plants. Our data indicate that cadmium exposure causes dramatic changes in the cytosine methylation status of the plant genome, thus affecting the expression of many genes that are vital for plant growth and are involved in cadmium stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Xin
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Junling Chi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Yibo Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Yindi He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China
| | - Jiangbo Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, 014010, China.
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Kuźnicki D, Meller B, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Braszewska-Zalewska A, Drozda A, Floryszak-Wieczorek J. BABA-Induced DNA Methylome Adjustment to Intergenerational Defense Priming in Potato to Phytophthora infestans. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:650. [PMID: 31214209 PMCID: PMC6554679 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We provide evidence that alterations in DNA methylation patterns contribute to the regulation of stress-responsive gene expression for an intergenerational resistance of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA)-primed potato to Phytophthora infestans. Plants exposed to BABA rapidly modified their methylation capacity toward genome-wide DNA hypermethylation. De novo induced DNA methylation (5-mC) correlated with the up-regulation of Chromomethylase 3 (CMT3), Domains rearranged methyltransferase 2 (DRM2), and Repressor of silencing 1 (ROS1) genes in potato. BABA transiently activated DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region of the R3a resistance gene triggering its downregulation in the absence of the oomycete pathogen. However, in the successive stages of priming, an excessive DNA methylation state changed into demethylation with the active involvement of potato DNA glycosylases. Interestingly, the 5-mC-mediated changes were transmitted into the next generation in the form of intergenerational stress memory. Descendants of the primed potato, which derived from tubers or seeds carrying the less methylated R3a promoter, showed a higher transcription of R3a that associated with an augmented intergenerational resistance to virulent P. infestans when compared to the inoculated progeny of unprimed plants. Furthermore, our study revealed that enhanced transcription of some SA-dependent genes (NPR1, StWRKY1, and PR1) was not directly linked with DNA methylation changes in the promoter region of these genes, but was a consequence of methylation-dependent alterations in the transcriptional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kuźnicki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Meller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Braszewska-Zalewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, The University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Andżelika Drozda
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jolanta Floryszak-Wieczorek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jolanta Floryszak-Wieczorek,
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Tovuu A, Zulfugarov IS, Wu G, Kang IS, Kim C, Moon BY, An G, Lee CH. Rice mutants deficient in ω-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD8) fail to acclimate to cold temperatures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:525-535. [PMID: 27835850 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of ω-3 fatty acid (FA) desaturase (FAD8) during cold acclimation in higher plants, we characterized three independent T-DNA insertional knock-out mutants of OsFAD8 from rice (Oryza sativa L.). At room temperature (28 °C), osfad8 plants exhibited significant alterations in fatty acid (FA) unsaturation for all four investigated plastidic lipid classes. During a 5-d acclimation period at 4 °C, further changes in FA unsaturation in both wild-type (WT) and mutant plants varied according to the type of lipid. We also monitored the fluidity of the thylakoid membrane using a threshold temperature to represent the change in fluorescence. The values were altered significantly by both FAD8 mutation and cold acclimation, suggesting that factors other than FAD8 are involved in C18 FA unsaturation and fluctuations in membrane fluidity. Similarly, significant changes were noted for both the mutant and WT samples in terms of their FA compositions as well as activities related to photosystem (PS) I, PSII, and photoprotection. This included the development of non-photochemical quenching and increased zeaxanthin accumulation. Despite the relatively small changes in FA composition during cold acclimation, cold-inducible FAD8 knock-out mutants displayed strong differences in photoprotective activities and a further drop in membrane fluidity. The mutants were more sensitive than WT to short-term low-temperature stress that resulted in increased production of reactive oxygen species after 5 d of chilling. Taken together, our findings suggest that FA unsaturation by OsFAD8 is crucial for the acclimation of higher plants to low-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altanzaya Tovuu
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Breeding, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan 17024, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Ismayil S Zulfugarov
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea; Department of Biology, North-Eastern Federal University, 58 Belinsky Str., Yakutsk 677-027, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russian Federation; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Matbuat Avenue 2a, Baku, AZ 1073, Azerbaijan
| | - Guangxi Wu
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - In Soon Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongrak Kim
- Department of Statistics, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Yong Moon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Gynheung An
- Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Hwan Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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