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Insomnia and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-analysis on Interrelated Association (n=57,618) and Prevalence (n=573,665). Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bettmann JE, Anstadt G, Kolaski AZ. Therapeutic Adventure for Military Veterans with Mental Illness: A Conceptual Argument. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2019.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gretchen Anstadt
- College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Rorabaugh BR, Mabe NW, Seeley SL, Stoops TS, Mucher KE, Ney CP, Goodman CS, Hertenstein BJ, Rush AE, Kasler CD, Sargeant AM, Zoladz PR. Myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and altered cardiac gene expression profiles in rats exposed to a predator-based model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Stress 2020; 23:125-135. [PMID: 31347429 PMCID: PMC6982550 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1641081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
People who are exposed to life-threatening trauma are at risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition to psychological manifestations, PTSD is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, hypertension, and other cardiovascular problems. We previously reported that rats exposed to a predator-based model of PTSD develop myocardial hypersensitivity to ischemic injury. This study characterized cardiac changes in histology and gene expression in rats exposed this model. Male rats were subjected to two cat exposures (separated by a period of 10 d) and daily cage-mate changes for 31 d. Control rats were not exposed to the cat or cage-mate changes. Ventricular tissue was analyzed by RNA sequencing, western blotting, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Multifocal lesions characterized by necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration, and collagen deposition were observed in hearts from all stressed rats but none of the control rats. Gene expression analysis identified clusters of upregulated genes associated with endothelial to mesenchymal transition, endothelial migration, mesenchyme differentiation, and extracellular matrix remodeling in hearts from stressed rats. Consistent with endothelial to mesenchymal transition, rats from stressed hearts exhibited increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (a myofibroblast marker) and a decrease in the number of CD31 positive endothelial cells. These data provide evidence that predator-based stress induces myocardial lesions and reprograming of cardiac gene expression. These changes may underlie the myocardial hypersensitivity to ischemia observed in these animals. This rat model may provide a useful tool for investigating the cardiac impact of PTSD and other forms of chronic psychological stress.Lay summaryChronic predator stress induces the formation of myocardial lesions characterized by necrosis, collagen deposition, and mononuclear cell infiltration. This is accompanied by changes in gene expression and histology that are indicative of cardiac remodeling. These changes may underlie the increased risk of arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and other cardiac pathologies in people who have PTSD or other forms of chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyd R. Rorabaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810 USA
- Correspondence: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 South Main Street, Ada, OH, 45810 USA; Telephone: 419-772-1695; Fax:419-772-1917;
| | - Nathaniel W. Mabe
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah L. Seeley
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810 USA
| | - Thorne S. Stoops
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810 USA
| | - Kasey E. Mucher
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Connor P. Ney
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Cassandra S. Goodman
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Brooke J. Hertenstein
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Austen E. Rush
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Charis D. Kasler
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | | | - Phillip R. Zoladz
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
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Rorabaugh BR, Bui AD, Seeley SL, Eisenmann ED, Rose RM, Johnson BL, Huntley MR, Heikkila ME, Zoladz PR. Myocardial hypersensitivity to ischemic injury is not reversed by clonidine or propranolol in a predator-based rat model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 89:117-124. [PMID: 30194949 PMCID: PMC6249040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. We previously reported that a predator-based model of PTSD increases myocardial sensitivity to ischemic injury. Heightened sympathetic signaling has a well-established role in the formation of anxiety associated with PTSD and may also contribute to worsening of myocardial injury in the ischemic heart. Thus, we examined whether suppression of sympathetic tone protects the ischemic heart in rats subjected to this model of PTSD. Rats were treated with saline or clonidine throughout the 31-day stress paradigm. Behavior on the elevated plus maze (EPM) was assessed on Day 32, and hearts were subjected to an ischemic insult on day 33. Stressed rats exhibited increased anxiety on the EPM and significantly larger myocardial infarcts following ischemia. Clonidine reversed the anxiety-like behavior but had no impact on infarct size. In a subsequent experiment, rats were treated with propranolol in their drinking water throughout the stress paradigm. Propranolol had no effect on either anxiety or myocardial sensitivity to ischemic injury. These findings suggest that the myocardial hypersensitivity to ischemic injury observed in this model is not caused by increased sympathetic tone or chronic β-adrenergic receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyd R. Rorabaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA,Correspondence: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, 525 South Main Street, Ada, OH, 45810 USA,
| | - Albert D. Bui
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Sarah L. Seeley
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Eric D. Eisenmann
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Robert M. Rose
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Brandon L. Johnson
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Madelaine R. Huntley
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Megan E. Heikkila
- Department of Psychology, Sociology, & Criminal Justice, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
| | - Phillip R. Zoladz
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, USA
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Tahmasian M, Jamalabadi H, Abedini M, Ghadami MR, Sepehry AA, Knight DC, Khazaie H. Differentiation chronic post traumatic stress disorder patients from healthy subjects using objective and subjective sleep-related parameters. Neurosci Lett 2017; 650:174-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Broadbent E, Wilkes C, Koschwanez H, Weinman J, Norton S, Petrie KJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Psychol Health 2015; 30:1361-85. [DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2015.1070851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ghadami MR, Khaledi-Paveh B, Nasouri M, Khazaie H. PTSD-related paradoxical insomnia: an actigraphic study among veterans with chronic PTSD. J Inj Violence Res 2014; 7:54-8. [PMID: 25590695 PMCID: PMC4522315 DOI: 10.5249/jivr.v7i2.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbance is a common self-reported complaint by PTSD patients. However, there are controversies in documenting objective indices of disrupted sleep in these patients. The aim of the present study was to assess sleep disturbances in veterans with chronic PTSD, using both subjective and objective assessments. Methods: Thirty two PTSD patients with complaints of insomnia were evaluated using the Clinician Administrated PTSD Scale version 1 (CAPS) and completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for subjective evaluation of their sleep. For objective evaluation, participants underwent two consecutive overnight actigraphic assessments. Total Sleep Time (TST), Sleep Latency (SL), Sleep Efficiency (SE) and Number of Awakening (NWAK) were measured in all participants. Results: Participants underestimated TST (p less than 0.0001), SE (p less than 0.0001) as well as NASO (0.03) in the questionnaire compared to the actigraphic assessment and overestimated SL (p less than 0.0001). Conclusions: Objective sleep parameters do not adversely affect veterans with chronic PTSD. Self-reported sleep disturbance in these patients is not reliable and objective sleep assessments are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. E-mail:
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İlhan E, Kaplan A, Güvenç TS, Biteker M, Karabulut E, Işıklı S. Electrocardiographic features of patients with earthquake related posttraumatic stress disorder. World J Cardiol 2013; 5:60-64. [PMID: 23538549 PMCID: PMC3610008 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v5.i3.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze electrocardiographic features of patients diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after the Van-Erciş earthquake, with a shock measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale that took place in Turkey in October 2011.
METHODS: Surface electrocardiograms of 12 patients with PTSD admitted to Van Erciş State Hospital (Van, Turkey) from February 2012 to May 2012 were examined. Psychiatric interviews of the sex and age matched control subjects, who had experienced the earthquake, confirmed the absence of any known diagnosable psychiatric conditions in the control group.
RESULTS: A wide range of electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, such as P-wave dispersion, QT dispersion, QT interval, Tpeak to Tend interval, intrinsicoid deflection durations and other traditional parameters were similar in both groups. There was no one with an abnormal P wave axis, short or long PR interval, long or short QT interval, negative T wave in lateral leads, abnormal T wave axis, abnormal left or right intrinsicoid deflection duration, low voltage, left bundle branch block, right bundle branch block, left posterior hemiblock, left or right axis deviation, left ventricular hypertrophy, right or left atrial enlargement and pathological q(Q) wave in either group.
CONCLUSION: The study showed no direct effect of earthquake related PTSD on surface ECG in young patients. So, we propose that PTSD has no direct effect on surface ECG but may cause electrocardiographic changes indirectly by triggering atherosclerosis and/or contributing to the ongoing atherosclerotic process.
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