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Wang QS, Edahiro R, Namkoong H, Hasegawa T, Shirai Y, Sonehara K, Tanaka H, Lee H, Saiki R, Hyugaji T, Shimizu E, Katayama K, Kanai M, Naito T, Sasa N, Yamamoto K, Kato Y, Morita T, Takahashi K, Harada N, Naito T, Hiki M, Matsushita Y, Takagi H, Ichikawa M, Nakamura A, Harada S, Sandhu Y, Kabata H, Masaki K, Kamata H, Ikemura S, Chubachi S, Okamori S, Terai H, Morita A, Asakura T, Sasaki J, Morisaki H, Uwamino Y, Nanki K, Uchida S, Uno S, Nishimura T, Ishiguro T, Isono T, Shibata S, Matsui Y, Hosoda C, Takano K, Nishida T, Kobayashi Y, Takaku Y, Takayanagi N, Ueda S, Tada A, Miyawaki M, Yamamoto M, Yoshida E, Hayashi R, Nagasaka T, Arai S, Kaneko Y, Sasaki K, Tagaya E, Kawana M, Arimura K, Takahashi K, Anzai T, Ito S, Endo A, Uchimura Y, Miyazaki Y, Honda T, Tateishi T, Tohda S, Ichimura N, Sonobe K, Sassa CT, Nakajima J, Nakano Y, Nakajima Y, Anan R, Arai R, Kurihara Y, Harada Y, Nishio K, Ueda T, Azuma M, Saito R, Sado T, Miyazaki Y, Sato R, Haruta Y, Nagasaki T, Yasui Y, Hasegawa Y, Mutoh Y, Kimura T, Sato T, Takei R, Hagimoto S, Noguchi Y, Yamano Y, Sasano H, Ota S, Nakamori Y, Yoshiya K, Saito F, Yoshihara T, Wada D, Iwamura H, Kanayama S, Maruyama S, Yoshiyama T, Ohta K, Kokuto H, Ogata H, Tanaka Y, Arakawa K, Shimoda M, Osawa T, Tateno H, Hase I, Yoshida S, Suzuki S, Kawada M, Horinouchi H, Saito F, Mitamura K, Hagihara M, Ochi J, Uchida T, Baba R, Arai D, Ogura T, Takahashi H, Hagiwara S, Nagao G, Konishi S, Nakachi I, Murakami K, Yamada M, Sugiura H, Sano H, Matsumoto S, Kimura N, Ono Y, Baba H, Suzuki Y, Nakayama S, Masuzawa K, Namba S, Shiroyama T, Noda Y, Niitsu T, Adachi Y, Enomoto T, Amiya S, Hara R, Yamaguchi Y, Murakami T, Kuge T, Matsumoto K, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto M, Yoneda M, Tomono K, Kato K, Hirata H, Takeda Y, Koh H, Manabe T, Funatsu Y, Ito F, Fukui T, Shinozuka K, Kohashi S, Miyazaki M, Shoko T, Kojima M, Adachi T, Ishikawa M, Takahashi K, Inoue T, Hirano T, Kobayashi K, Takaoka H, Watanabe K, Miyazawa N, Kimura Y, Sado R, Sugimoto H, Kamiya A, Kuwahara N, Fujiwara A, Matsunaga T, Sato Y, Okada T, Hirai Y, Kawashima H, Narita A, Niwa K, Sekikawa Y, Nishi K, Nishitsuji M, Tani M, Suzuki J, Nakatsumi H, Ogura T, Kitamura H, Hagiwara E, Murohashi K, Okabayashi H, Mochimaru T, Nukaga S, Satomi R, Oyamada Y, Mori N, Baba T, Fukui Y, Odate M, Mashimo S, Makino Y, Yagi K, Hashiguchi M, Kagyo J, Shiomi T, Fuke S, Saito H, Tsuchida T, Fujitani S, Takita M, Morikawa D, Yoshida T, Izumo T, Inomata M, Kuse N, Awano N, Tone M, Ito A, Nakamura Y, Hoshino K, Maruyama J, Ishikura H, Takata T, Odani T, Amishima M, Hattori T, Shichinohe Y, Kagaya T, Kita T, Ohta K, Sakagami S, Koshida K, Hayashi K, Shimizu T, Kozu Y, Hiranuma H, Gon Y, Izumi N, Nagata K, Ueda K, Taki R, Hanada S, Kawamura K, Ichikado K, Nishiyama K, Muranaka H, Nakamura K, Hashimoto N, Wakahara K, Koji S, Omote N, Ando A, Kodama N, Kaneyama Y, Maeda S, Kuraki T, Matsumoto T, Yokote K, Nakada TA, Abe R, Oshima T, Shimada T, Harada M, Takahashi T, Ono H, Sakurai T, Shibusawa T, Kimizuka Y, Kawana A, Sano T, Watanabe C, Suematsu R, Sageshima H, Yoshifuji A, Ito K, Takahashi S, Ishioka K, Nakamura M, Masuda M, Wakabayashi A, Watanabe H, Ueda S, Nishikawa M, Chihara Y, Takeuchi M, Onoi K, Shinozuka J, Sueyoshi A, Nagasaki Y, Okamoto M, Ishihara S, Shimo M, Tokunaga Y, Kusaka Y, Ohba T, Isogai S, Ogawa A, Inoue T, Fukuyama S, Eriguchi Y, Yonekawa A, Kan-O K, Matsumoto K, Kanaoka K, Ihara S, Komuta K, Inoue Y, Chiba S, Yamagata K, Hiramatsu Y, Kai H, Asano K, Oguma T, Ito Y, Hashimoto S, Yamasaki M, Kasamatsu Y, Komase Y, Hida N, Tsuburai T, Oyama B, Takada M, Kanda H, Kitagawa Y, Fukuta T, Miyake T, Yoshida S, Ogura S, Abe S, Kono Y, Togashi Y, Takoi H, Kikuchi R, Ogawa S, Ogata T, Ishihara S, Kanehiro A, Ozaki S, Fuchimoto Y, Wada S, Fujimoto N, Nishiyama K, Terashima M, Beppu S, Yoshida K, Narumoto O, Nagai H, Ooshima N, Motegi M, Umeda A, Miyagawa K, Shimada H, Endo M, Ohira Y, Watanabe M, Inoue S, Igarashi A, Sato M, Sagara H, Tanaka A, Ohta S, Kimura T, Shibata Y, Tanino Y, Nikaido T, Minemura H, Sato Y, Yamada Y, Hashino T, Shinoki M, Iwagoe H, Takahashi H, Fujii K, Kishi H, Kanai M, Imamura T, Yamashita T, Yatomi M, Maeno T, Hayashi S, Takahashi M, Kuramochi M, Kamimaki I, Tominaga Y, Ishii T, Utsugi M, Ono A, Tanaka T, Kashiwada T, Fujita K, Saito Y, Seike M, Watanabe H, Matsuse H, Kodaka N, Nakano C, Oshio T, Hirouchi T, Makino S, Egi M, Omae Y, Nannya Y, Ueno T, Takano T, Katayama K, Ai M, Kumanogoh A, Sato T, Hasegawa N, Tokunaga K, Ishii M, Koike R, Kitagawa Y, Kimura A, Imoto S, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Kanai T, Fukunaga K, Okada Y. The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4830. [PMID: 35995775 PMCID: PMC9395416 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo S Wang
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ryuya Edahiro
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Ho Namkoong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Hasegawa
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Shirai
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiromu Tanaka
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ho Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Saiki
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Hyugaji
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eigo Shimizu
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotoe Katayama
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatsuhiko Naito
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Noah Sasa
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Morita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Naito
- Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hiki
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Matsushita
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhi Takagi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Ichikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonoko Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuki Sandhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kabata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Masaki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kamata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Ikemura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shotaro Chubachi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okamori
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Terai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuho Morita
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Sasaki
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morisaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosaku Nanki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Uchida
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uno
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Nishimura
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Keio University Health Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashri Ishiguro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Taisuke Isono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Shun Shibata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Yuma Matsui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Chiaki Hosoda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Kenji Takano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Yotaro Takaku
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Noboru Takayanagi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kumagaya, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ueda
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ai Tada
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Miyawaki
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaomi Yamamoto
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eriko Yoshida
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Reina Hayashi
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nagasaka
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Sawako Arai
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kaneko
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kana Sasaki
- JCHO (Japan Community Health care Organization) Saitama Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | - Etsuko Tagaya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kawana
- Department of General Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Arimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Takahashi
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Anzai
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ito
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Endo
- Clinical Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Uchimura
- Department of Medical Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Honda
- Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tateishi
- Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Tohda
- Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Ichimura
- Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Sonobe
- Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tani Sassa
- Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakano
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakajima
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Anan
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Arai
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuko Kurihara
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuko Harada
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nishio
- Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ueda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Azuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Sado
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshimune Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Haruta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadao Nagasaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yasui
- Department of Infection Control, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Mutoh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kimura
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Tomonori Sato
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Reoto Takei
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hagimoto
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Noguchi
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamano
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Hajime Sasano
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Sho Ota
- Department of Respiratory, Allergic Diseases Internal Medicine, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nakamori
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshiya
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Fukuki Saito
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yoshihara
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Daiki Wada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Hiromu Iwamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Syuji Kanayama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Shuhei Maruyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University General Medical Center, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshiyama
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kokuto
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Hideo Ogata
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Kenichi Arakawa
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shimoda
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Takeshi Osawa
- Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association (JATA) Fukujuji Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tateno
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Isano Hase
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shuichi Yoshida
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Miki Kawada
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Horinouchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama City Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumitake Saito
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Mitamura
- Division of Infection Control, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Hagihara
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Ochi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Eiju General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Baba
- Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Arai
- Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Genta Nagao
- Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | | | | | - Koji Murakami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Baba
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohei Nakayama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Masuzawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shiroyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Noda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takayuki Niitsu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuichi Adachi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Enomoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Saori Amiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Reina Hara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Teruaki Murakami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kuge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kinnosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Midori Yoneda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tomono
- Division of Infection Control and Prevention, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazuto Kato
- Department of Biomedical Ethics and Public Policy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hirata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshito Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tomohisa Shoko
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Kojima
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Adachi
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motonao Ishikawa
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Internal Medicine, Sano Kosei General Hospital, Sano, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kazuyoshi Watanabe
- Japan Community Health care Organization Kanazawa Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyazawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Reiko Sado
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Sugimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akane Kamiya
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naota Kuwahara
- Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujiwara
- Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Matsunaga
- Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Sato
- Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takenori Okada
- Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kawashima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Atsuya Narita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuki Niwa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sekikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishi
- Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Mayuko Tani
- Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Junya Suzuki
- Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Ogura
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideya Kitamura
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eri Hagiwara
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kota Murohashi
- Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Takao Mochimaru
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Allergy, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenari Nukaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Satomi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oyamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Allergy, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Baba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Fukui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Odate
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Shuko Mashimo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Makino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Fuke
- KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Department of respiratory medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saito
- KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Department of respiratory medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tsuchida
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shigeki Fujitani
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St.Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Mumon Takita
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St.Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Daiki Morikawa
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St.Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshida
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St.Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Mari Tone
- Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiko Nakamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kota Hoshino
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Maruyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Ishikura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tohru Takata
- Department of Infection Control, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Odani
- Department of Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaru Amishima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hattori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shichinohe
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kagaya
- National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kita
- National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Ohta
- National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Sakagami
- National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Koshida
- National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hayashi
- Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shimizu
- Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kozu
- Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisato Hiranuma
- Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Gon
- Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Ken Ueda
- Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan
| | - Reiko Taki
- Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan
| | | | - Kodai Kawamura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ichikado
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Nishiyama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Muranaka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakamura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Inc., Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naozumi Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Wakahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sakamoto Koji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norihito Omote
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Ando
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kodama
- Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kasuga, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kaneyama
- Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kasuga, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Maeda
- Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kasuga, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuraki
- Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Respiratory Medicine, Kasuga, Japan
| | | | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Nakada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Abe
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taku Oshima
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadanaga Shimada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Harada
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takahashi
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ono
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sakurai
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Yoshifumi Kimizuka
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kawana
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Tomoya Sano
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Chie Watanabe
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Ryohei Suematsu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | | | - Ayumi Yoshifuji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saeko Takahashi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Ishioka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Nakamura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Masuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Aya Wakabayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Suguru Ueda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Nishikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujisawa City Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoji Nagasaki
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Okamoto
- Department of Respirology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sayoko Ishihara
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shimo
- Department of Infectious Disease, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tokunaga
- Department of Respirology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Respirology, Rheumatology, and Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yu Kusaka
- Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan
| | | | | | - Aki Ogawa
- Ome Municipal General Hospital, Ome, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Fukuyama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Eriguchi
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Yonekawa
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiko Kan-O
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichiro Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yoshiaki Inoue
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Chiba
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yamagata
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yuji Hiramatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hirayasu Kai
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koichiro Asano
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Oguma
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Yoko Ito
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Satoru Hashimoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamasaki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yu Kasamatsu
- Department of Infection Control and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuko Komase
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoya Hida
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuburai
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Baku Oyama
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuichiro Kitagawa
- Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fukuta
- Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahito Miyake
- Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shozo Yoshida
- Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinji Ogura
- Gifu University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinji Abe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Togashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takoi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Arihiko Kanehiro
- Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan
- Himeji St. Mary's Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | | | | | - Sae Wada
- Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Kei Nishiyama
- Emergency & Critical Care, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mariko Terashima
- Emergency & Critical Care Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Beppu
- Emergency & Critical Care Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshida
- Emergency & Critical Care Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Narumoto
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo Hospital Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nagai
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo Hospital Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Ooshima
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo Hospital Hospital, Kiyose, Japan
| | | | - Akira Umeda
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Hisato Shimada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Mayu Endo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ohira
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sumito Inoue
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Akira Igarashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masamichi Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hironori Sagara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tanaka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Ohta
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Shibata
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tanino
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takefumi Nikaido
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Minemura
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Hajime Iwagoe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fujii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kanai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Imamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Yatomi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Maeno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | | | - Mai Takahashi
- National hospital organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan
| | | | - Isamu Kamimaki
- National hospital organization Saitama Hospital, Wako, Japan
| | | | - Tomoo Ishii
- Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Utsugi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kiryu Kosei General Hospital, Kiryu, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kiryu Kosei General Hospital, Kiryu, Japan
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeru Kashiwada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazue Fujita
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Saito
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Seike
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Watanabe
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Tsukuba Kinen General Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiroto Matsuse
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Kodaka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nakano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oshio
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatomo Hirouchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Makino
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Moritoki Egi
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yosuke Omae
- Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nannya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Takano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Katayama
- Laboratory of Viral Infection, Department of Infection Control and Immunology, Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute & Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Ai
- Department of Insured Medical Care Management, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Organoid Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project (Toyama), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Koike
- Medical Innovation Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Kimura
- Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Keio University Health Center, Tokyo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukunaga
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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