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Liaqat R, Fatima S, Komal W, Minahal Q, Kanwal Z, Suleman M, Carter CG. Effects of Bacillus subtilis as a single strain probiotic on growth, disease resistance and immune response of striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294949. [PMID: 38289940 PMCID: PMC10842300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential role of Bacillus subtilis as probiotic in striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Fish (initial weight = 150.00±2.63g n = 180) were stocked in circular tanks. Four isonitrogenous (30%) and isolipidic (3.29%) diets were formulated having supplementation of B. subtilis at four different levels (P0; 0, P1: 1×106, P2: 1×108 and P3: 1×1010 CFU/g). Each treatment had three replicates, while each replicate had fifteen fish. The trial started on second week of July and continued for eight weeks. Growth, feed conversion ratio, crude protein content, the concentration of amylase and protease, the profile of both dispensable and non-dispensable amino acids in all four dietary groups increased with a gradual increase of B. subtilis in the diet. At the end of growth experiment, fish in all four groups were exposed to Staphylococcus aureus (5×105 CFU/ml). After S. aureus challenge, fish fed with B. subtilis responded better to damage caused by reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and better survival rate. The catalase and superoxide dismutase level also increased in response to bacterial challenge in B. subtilis fed groups. On the other hand, the concentration of malondialdehyde gradually decreased in these groups (+ve P0 >P1>P2>P3). It is concluded that supplementation of B. subtilis as a probiotic improved the growth, protein content, antioxidant response and immunocompetency against S. aureus in striped catfish. The optimum dosage of B. subtilis, at a concentration of 1×1010 CFU/g, resulted in the most favorable outcomes in striped catfish. This single bacterial strain can be used as an effective probiotic in large scale production of aquafeed for striped catfish. Future studies can investigate this probiotic's impact in the intensive culture of the same species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia Liaqat
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore,
Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shafaq Fatima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort
Wayne, IN, United States of America
| | - Wajeeha Komal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore,
Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qandeel Minahal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore,
Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Zakia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore,
Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Chris G. Carter
- Aquaculture Nutrition at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies
(IMAS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Yousuf S, Tyagi A, Singh R. Probiotic Supplementation as an Emerging Alternative to Chemical Therapeutics in Finfish Aquaculture: a Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1151-1168. [PMID: 35904730 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aquaculture is a promising food sector to fulfil nutritional requirements of growing human population. Live weight aquaculture production reached up to 114.5 million tonnes in 2018 and it is further expected to grow by 32% by year 2030. Among total aquaculture production, major product harvested is finfish and its contribution has reached 46% in recent years. Frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases create obstacle in finfish production, result in economic losses to the farmers and threaten the sustainability of aquaculture industry itself. In spite of following the best management practices, the use of antibiotics, chemotherapeutics and phytochemicals often become the method of choice in finfish culture. Among these, phytochemicals have shown lesser effect in animal welfare while antibiotics and other chemotherapeutics have led to negative consequences like emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, and accumulation of residues in host and culture system, resulting in quality degradation of aqua products. Making use of probiotics as viable alternative has paved a way for sustainable aquaculture and minimise the use of antibiotics and other chemotherapeutics that pose adverse effect on host and culture system. This review paper elucidates the knowledge about antibiotics and other chemicals, compilation of probiotics and their effects on health status of finfish as well as overall culture environment. Besides, concoction of probiotics and prebiotics for simultaneous application has also been discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufiara Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Anuj Tyagi
- College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, 144411, India.
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Hoseinifar SH, Maradonna F, Faheem M, Harikrishnan R, Devi G, Ringø E, Van Doan H, Ashouri G, Gioacchini G, Carnevali O. Sustainable Ornamental Fish Aquaculture: The Implication of Microbial Feed Additives. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101583. [PMID: 37238012 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ornamental fish trade represents an important economic sector with an export turnover that reached approximately 5 billion US dollars in 2018. Despite its high economic importance, this sector does not receive much attention. Ornamental fish husbandry still faces many challenges and losses caused by transport stress and handling and outbreak of diseases are still to be improved. This review will provide insights on ornamental fish diseases along with the measures used to avoid or limit their onset. Moreover, this review will discuss the role of different natural and sustainable microbial feed additives, particularly probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on the health, reduction in transport stress, growth, and reproduction of farmed ornamental fish. Most importantly, this review aims to fill the informational gaps existing in advanced and sustainable practices in the ornamental fish production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan 49189-43464, Iran
| | - Francesca Maradonna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Mehwish Faheem
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram 631501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunapathy Devi
- Department of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti 621007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Einar Ringø
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ghasem Ashouri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gioacchini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Yousefi M, Naderi Farsani M, Ghafarifarsani H, Raeeszadeh M. Dietary Lactobacillus helveticus and Gum Arabic improves growth indices, digestive enzyme activities, intestinal microbiota, innate immunological parameters, antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance in common carp. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108652. [PMID: 36863498 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at determining the effects of Lactobacillus helveticus (LH), Gum Arabic (GA; natural prebiotic), and their combination as synbiotic on growth performance, digestive enzymes activity, gut microbiota, innate immunity status, antioxidant capacity, and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophyla in common carp, Cyprinus carpio for 8 weeks. For this, 735 common carp juveniles (Mean ± standard deviation; 22.51 ± 0.40 g) were fed with 7 different diets including basal diet (C), LH1 (1 × 107 CFU/g), LH2 (1 × 109 CFU/g), GA1 (0.5%), GA2 (1%), LH1+GA1 (1 × 107 CFU/g + 0.5%), and LH2+GA2 (1 × 109 CFU/g + 1%) for 8 weeks. Dietary supplementation with GA and/or LH significantly increased growth performance, WBC, serum total immunoglobulin, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, skin mucus lysozyme and total immunoglobulin and intestinal lactic acid bacteria. Whereas there were significant improvements in various parameters tested in different treatments, the highest improvement in growth performance, WBC, monocyte/neutrophil percentages, serum lysozyme, alternative complement, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde, skin mucosal alkaline phosphatase, protease, and immunoglobulin, intestinal total bacterial count, protease and amylase activities were observed in the synbiotic treatments, particularly LH1+GA1. After an experimental infection with Aeromonas hydrophila, all experimental treatments exhibited significantly higher survival, compared to the control treatment. The highest survival was related to the synbiotic (particularly LH1+GA1), followed by prebiotic, and probiotic treatments. Overall, synbiotic containing 1 × 107 CFU/g LH + 0.5% GA can improve growth rate and feed efficiency in common carp. Moreover, the synbiotic can improve the antioxidant/innate immune systems and dominate lactic acid bacteria in the fish intestine that may be the reasons of the highest resistance against A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, 117198, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mehdi Naderi Farsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Raeeszadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
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Yousuf S, Jamal MT, Al-Farawati RK, Al-Mur BA, Singh R. Evaluation of Bacillus paramycoides Strains Isolated from Channa Fish sp. on Growth Performance of Labeo rohita Fingerlings Challenged by Fish Pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila MTCC 12301. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040842. [PMID: 37110265 PMCID: PMC10141853 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics play vital roles in improving growth, survival, and immune responses and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in freshwater fish. This study was conducted to isolate potential probiotics from Channa punctatus and Channa striatus and to evaluate their effect on Labeo rohita fingerlings. Among the isolates, Bacillus paramycoides PBG9D and BCS10 (1) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Both strains showed tolerance to acidic and alkaline pH (2, 3, 4, 7, and 9) and bile salts (0.3%) and exhibited strong adhesion capacity. After in-vitro assessment, these strains were evaluated on the growth performances of rohu fingerlings challenged by Aeromonas hydrophila for 4 weeks. The study consisted of six groups, each containing 6 fish. Group (I) was the control, fed a basal diet; group (II) contained a pathogen and was also fed a basal diet; group (III & IV) was given a probiotic supplemented experimental diet; Fourth group (V & VI) contained a pathogen and was given a probiotic supplemented experimental diet. After the 12th day of experiment, rohu fingerlings of pathogen (II) and probiotic + pathogen (V & VI) groups were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mL of Aeromonas hydrophila. After 4 weeks, no significant differences in weight gain, weight gain %, and feed conversion ratio were observed in probiotic (III & IV)- fed groups compared to control. However, the specific growth rate was significantly improved in probiotic fed groups compared to other groups. Survival rate and condition factor were significantly similar in all groups. After injection, abnormal swimming, loss of appetite and weight loss were observed in the pathogen (II) group, while no such symptoms were found in the probiotic + pathogen (V & VI)- groups, confirming the effects of probiotics. The overall results of the study revealed that dietary supplementation with Bacillus paramycoides strains could improve the specific growth rate and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Labeo rohita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufiara Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Mamdoh T. Jamal
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.T.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Radwan Kahalid Al-Farawati
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Ahmad Al-Mur
- Department of Environmental Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: (M.T.J.); (R.S.)
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Yang J, Qin S, Zhang H. Precise strategies for selecting probiotic bacteria in treatment of intestinal bacterial dysfunctional diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1034727. [PMID: 36341458 PMCID: PMC9632739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1034727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant microbiota resides in the organs of the body, which utilize the nutrition and form a reciprocal relationship with the host. The composition of these microbiota changes under different pathological conditions, particularly in response to stress and digestive diseases, making the microbial composition and health of the hosts body interdependent. Probiotics are living microorganisms that have demonstrated beneficial effects on physical health and as such are used as supplements to ameliorate symptoms of various digestive diseases by optimizing microbial composition of the gut and restore digestive balance. However, the supplementary effect does not achieve the expected result. Therefore, a targeted screening strategy on probiotic bacteria is crucial, owing to the presence of several bacterial strains. Core bacteria work effectively in maintaining microbiological homeostasis and stabilization in the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the core bacteria can be inherited and acquired from maternal pregnancy and delivery; others can be acquired from contact with the mother, feces, and the environment. Knowing the genera and functions of the core bacteria could be vital in the isolation and selection of probiotic bacteria for supplementation. In addition, other supporting strains of probiotic bacteria are also needed. A comprehensive strategy for mining both core and supporting bacteria before its clinical use is needed. Using metagenomics or other methods of estimation to discern the typically differentiated strains of bacteria is another important strategy to treat dysbiosis. Hence, these two factors are significant to carry out targeted isolation and selection of the functional strains to compose the resulting probiotic preparation for application in both research and clinical use. In conclusion, precise probiotic supplementation, by screening abundant strains of bacteria and isolating specific probiotic strains, could rapidly establish the core microbiota needed to confer resilience, particularly in bacterial dysfunctional diseases. This approach can help identify distinct bacteria which can be used to improve supplementation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Yang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, China
| | - Shunyi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Breeding of Tianjin, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chinese Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Zhang,
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Li J, Fang P, Yi X, Kumar V, Peng M. Probiotics Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis reshape the intestinal microbiota of Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze) fed with high plant protein diets. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1027641. [PMID: 36337612 PMCID: PMC9627213 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1027641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal dysfunction induced by high plant protein diets is frequently observed in farmed fish, and probiotics of Bacillus genus were documented to benefit the intestinal health through the modulation of intestinal microbiota without clearness in its underlying mechanism yet. Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes were observed to be the dominate phyla, but their proportion differentiated in the intestinal bacterial community of Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze) fed different diets in this study. Dietary supplementation of B. cereus and B. subtilis could reshape the intestinal bacterial community altered by high plant protein diets through a notable reduction in opportunistic pathogen Aeromonas together with an increase in Romboutsia and/or Clostridium_sensu_stricto from Firmicutes. Due to the alteration in the composition of bacterial community, Pengze crucian carp exhibited characteristic ecological networks dominated by cooperative interactions. Nevertheless, the increase in Aeromonas intensified the competition within bacterial communities and reduced the number of specialists within ecological network, contributing to the microbial dysbiosis induced by high plant protein diets. Two probiotics diets promoted the cooperation within the intestinal bacterial community and increased the number of specialists preferred to module hubs, and then further improved the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota. Microbial dysbiosis lead to microbial dysfunction, and microbial lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was observed to be elevated in high plant protein diets due to the increase in Aeromonas, gram-negative microbe. Probiotics B. cereus and B. subtilis restored the microbial function by elevating their amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism together with the promotion in the synthesis of primary and secondary bile acids. These results suggested that dietary supplementation of probiotics B. cereus and B. subtilis could restore the homeostasis and functions of intestinal microbiota in Pengze crucian carp fed high plant protein diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Fang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinwen Yi
- Shenzhen Aohua Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Aquaculture Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Mo Peng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Mo Peng
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Singh V, Ahlawat S, Mohan H, Gill SS, Sharma KK. Balancing reactive oxygen species generation by rebooting gut microbiota. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:4112-4129. [PMID: 35199405 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS; free radical form O2 •‾ , superoxide radical; OH• , hydroxyl radical; ROO• , peroxyl; RO• , alkoxyl and non-radical form 1 O2 , singlet oxygen; H2 O2 , hydrogen peroxide) are inevitable companions of aerobic life with crucial role in gut health. But, overwhelming production of ROS can cause serious damage to biomolecules. In this review, we have discussed several sources of ROS production that can be beneficial or dangerous to the human gut. Microorganisms, organelles and enzymes play crucial role in ROS generation, where, NOX1 is the main intestinal enzyme, which produce ROS in the intestine epithelial cells. Previous studies have reported that probiotics play significant role in gut homeostasis by checking the ROS generation, maintaining the antioxidant level, immune system and barrier protection. With current knowledge, we have critically analyzed the available literature and presented the outcome in the form of bubble maps to suggest the probiotics that help in controlling the ROS-specific intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Finally, it has been concluded that rebooting of the gut microbiota with probiotics, postbiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can have crucial implications in the structuring of gut communities for the personalized management of the gastrointestinal (GI) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandna Singh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Shruti Ahlawat
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Recombinant DNA Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.,Presently at SGT University, Badli Road Chandu, Budhera, Gurugr, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Hari Mohan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Sarvajeet Singh Gill
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Kant Sharma
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Recombinant DNA Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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9
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Colonization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in Cirrhinus molitorella (Mud Carp) Fingerling: Evidence for Improving Disease Resistance and Growth Performance. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of probiotic bacteria can not only enhance the nutritional utilization of fish feeds to produce more biomass but can also provide a practically “safer” alternative to the fish farming industry to reduce the abuse of antibiotics and drugs. This study investigated the possibility of colonizing Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) to the intestine of Cirrhinus molitorella (mud carp) fingerling. Colonization of LGG was observed in gut tissue after 14 days of administration with a diet supplemented with 1 × 108 CFU/mL LGG. Moreover, growth performance parameters of the LGG-supplemented diet group, including relative weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency, were found about two-fold higher than the control group after 60 days. In addition, fish fed with an LGG-supplemented diet for 60 days showed substantial resistance against the infection of pathogenic bacterial Aeromonas hydrophila, with a relative survival rate of up to 57% compared to the control group. In summary, the results indicated that LGG as dietary supplement for mud carp fingerling can enhance nutrition utilization and better protect fish against the infection of Aeromonas hydrophila. The results provide an insight to the fish farming industry, encouraging a reduction in the use of antibiotics and drugs and the production of “safer” mud carp for the market at a manageable cost.
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Ma JL, Zhao LH, Sun DD, Zhang J, Guo YP, Zhang ZQ, Ma QG, Ji C, Zhao LH. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Recombinant Plectasin on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health and Innate Immunity Response in Broilers. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:214-223. [PMID: 30656550 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-9515-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of recombinant plectasin (Ple) on the growth performance, intestinal health, and serum immune parameters in broilers. A total of 288 1-day-old male broilers (Arbor Acres) were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments including the basal diet (NC) and basal diet supplemented with 10 mg enramycin/kg (PC), 100 mg Ple/kg (LPle), and 200 mg Ple/kg (HPle) diets. The results indicated Ple increased (P < 0.01) average daily gain and decreased (P ≤ 0.02) feed to gain ratio of broilers. In addition, the supplementation of Ple in the diets increased (P ≤ 0.01) duodenal lipase (day 21) and trypsin (day 42) activities compared with the NC group. Similar as the supplementation of enramycin, Ple also increased villus height and decreased crypt depth in jejunum (day 21), and thus the villus height to crypt depth ratio (P < 0.01) was increased compared to the NC group on day 42. The serum immunoglobulin M (days 21 and 42), immunoglobulin G (day 42), complement 3 (day 21), and complement 4 (days 21 and 42) were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.02) due to the supplementation of Ple and enramycin, while the concentration of malondialdehyde in jejunum was decreased (P < 0.01) in PC, LPle, and HPle groups on day 21 compared with those in the NC group. Furthermore, Ple reduced (P < 0.01) Escherichia coli and total aerobic bacteria population in ileum and cecum of birds on days 21 and 42. These results indicate that the recombinant plectasin has beneficial effects on growth performance, intestinal health, and innate immunity in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hua Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Dan Sun
- Guangdong Hinabiotech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 511493, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Peng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Qiang Zhang
- Guangdong Hinabiotech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 511493, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Gang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Patil MP, Ahire JJ, Patil UK, Bhushan B, Chaudhari BL. Effect of Lactobacillus helveticus CD6 on serum lipid profile and indicators of liver function in high-fat diet fed Swiss albino mice. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:266. [PMID: 34017672 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the effect of Lactobacillus helveticus CD6 on weight gain, lipid profile, liver function biomarkers (ALT: alanine aminotransferase; and AST: aspartate aminotransferase) and liver histopathology in high-fat diet fed Swiss albino mice. Twenty-four healthy male Swiss albino mice with an average body weight of 25.94 ± 0.33 g (35 days old) were acclimatized and equally distributed into four groups treated with different diets. The treatment groups were control (control diet), HFD (high-fat diet), HFD + LH (high-fat diet + L. helveticus CD6), and HFD + Gemf (high-fat diet + Gemfibrozil). After 12 weeks, L. helveticus CD6 treatment significantly reduced HFD-induced weight gain, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), ALT and AST, and elevated serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. In addition, L. helveticus CD6 treatment maintained satiety and normal liver histology as compared to HFD group. Besides this, the results observed with L. helveticus CD6 treatment were comparable with lipid lowering drug gemfibrozil, except TG levels and body weight gain. In conclusion, it was found that L. helveticus CD6 could effectively reduce HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and weight gain and maintained normal liver histology. Moreover, the strain could be used to develop functional foods for individuals with dyslipidemia after appropriate human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh P Patil
- Department of Microbiology, R. C. Patel Arts, Commerce and Science College, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405 India
| | - Jayesh J Ahire
- Centre for Research and Development, Unique Biotech Ltd., Plot No. 2, Phase II, MN Park, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078 India
| | - Ulhas K Patil
- Department of Microbiology, Government Institute of Science, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431004 India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat, Haryana 131028 India
| | - Bhushan L Chaudhari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, Maharashtra 425001 India
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