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Zhang L, Yang L, Wang C, Yuan T, Zhang D, Wei H, Li J, Lei Y, Sun L, Li X, Hua Y, Che H, Li Y. Combined Effect of Famine Exposure and Obesity Parameters on Hypertension in the Midaged and Older Adult: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5594718. [PMID: 34604385 PMCID: PMC8486537 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5594718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Undernutrition early in life may increase the incidence of adverse effects on adult health. The relations between undernutrition and obesity parameters (body mass index (BMI) and WC (waist circle)) and hypertension were often contradictory. Our study is aimed at identifying the combined effects of famine exposure and obesity parameters on hypertension in middle-aged and older Chinese. DESIGN A population-based cross-sectional study. Setting. Data were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Wave2011 (CHARLS Wave2011). Participants. The sample included 12945 individuals aged 45 to 96. Main Outcome Measurements. The study analyzed data from 12945 middle-aged and older Chinese selected from CHARLS Wave2011. Differences between baseline characteristics and famine exposure/BMI levels/WC levels were evaluated using the t-, Chi-square- (χ 2-), and F-test. Then, the difference in the prevalence of hypertension between baseline characteristics was estimated by the t- and χ 2-test. Finally, multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to explore the associations of famine exposure and obesity parameters with odds of prevalence of hypertension. RESULTS Among the 12945 participants, 1548 (11.96%) participants had been exposed to the Chinese famine during the fetal group, whereas 5101 (39.41%) participants and 4362 (33.70%) participants had been exposed to the famine during childhood and adolescence/adult group, respectively. Regarding the participants with BMI levels, 3746 (28.94%) were overweight, and 1465 (11.32%) were obese, whereas 5345 (41.29%) of the participants with WC levels were obese, respectively. Furthermore, 1920 (31.17%) had hypertension in males and 2233 (32.91%) in females. In multivariable-adjusted models, famine exposure and obesity parameters were related with prevalence of hypertension independently in total populations ((1) model threec, famine exposure with prevalence of hypertension: the fatal-exposed vs. no-exposed group (OR1.27; 95% CI 1.08, 1.49); childhood-exposed vs. no-exposed group (OR1.64; 95% CI 1.44, 1.87); the adolescence/adult-exposed vs. no-exposed group (OR3.06; 95% CI 2.68, 3.50); P for trend < 0.001; (2) model threee, famine exposure with prevalence of hypertension: the fatal-exposed vs. no-exposed group (OR1.25; 95% CI 1.06, 1.47); childhood-exposed vs. no-exposed group (OR1.52; 95% CI 1.34, 1.73); the adolescence/adult-exposed vs. no-exposed group (OR2.66; 95% CI 2.33, 3.03); P for trend < 0.001; (3) model threeg, BMI levels with prevalence of hypertension: overweight vs. normal (OR1.75; 95% CI 1.60, 1.91); obesity vs. normal (OR2.79; 95% CI 2.48, 3.15); P for trend < 0.001; (4) WC levels with prevalence of hypertension: overweight vs. normal (OR1.42; 95% CI 1.36, 1.48)). When stratified by sex, results in both males and females were mostly similar to those in the total population. In general, interaction analysis in the multivariable-adjusted model, compared with the combination of normal BMI/WC levels and no-exposed famine group, all groups trended towards higher odds of prevalence of hypertension (the greatest increase in odds, adolescence/adult-exposed group with obesity in BMI levels: (OR8.13; 95% CI 6.18, 10.71); adolescence/adult-exposed group with obesity in WC levels: (OR6.36; 95% CI 5.22, 7.75); P for interaction < 0.001). When stratified by sex, the results in both males and females were also similar to those in the total population. CONCLUSION Our data support a strongly positive combined effect of famine exposure and obesity parameters on hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Congzhi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Huanhuan Wei
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunxiao Lei
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ying Hua
- Rehabilitation Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hengying Che
- Department of Nursing, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Zheshan West Road, Yijishan District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuanzhen Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
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Tang ML, Zhou YQ, Song AQ, Wang JL, Wan YP, Xu RY. The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Aged Population: A Cohort Study. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5581349. [PMID: 34485532 PMCID: PMC8410436 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5581349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies reported that overweight older adults had a lower mortality after cardiovascular diseases attack, indicating being thinner might not always be better. However, there is an ongoing debate about what is the optimal range of body mass index (BMI) for the aged population. We aimed to evaluate the value of BMI for the prediction of incident diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Chinese elderly population. METHODS A total number of 6,911 Chinese elderly people (4,110 men and 2,801 women, aged 71 ± 6.0 years) were included in this cohort study. BMI was measured at baseline (Jan 1, 2014, to Dec 31, 2014). All the participants were further classified into six groups: <18.5 kg/m2, 18.5 to <22.5 kg/m2, 22.5 to <25.0 kg/m2, 25.0 to <27.5 kg/m2, 27.5 to <30.0 kg/m2, and ≥30.0 kg/m2. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were annually measured during follow-up (Jan 1, 2015-May 31, 2019). DM was confirmed if either FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. We used the Cox proportional hazard regression model to evaluate the association between BMI and the prediction of incident DM. RESULTS Comparing individuals with a BMI range of 18.5 to <22.5 kg/m2 (reference), the hazard ratio for incident DM was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.54~2.95), 2.14 (95% CI: 1.53~3.00), 3.17 (95% CI: 2.19~4.59), 3.15 (95% CI: 1.94~5.09), and 3.14 (95% CI: 1.94~5.09) for the group with a BMI range of 22.5 to <25.0 kg/m2, 25.0 to <27.5 kg/m2, 27.5 to <30.0 kg/m2, and ≥30.0 kg/m2 after adjusting for baseline age, sex, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and eGFR (P trend < 0.001), after adjusting for the abovementioned confounders. The association tended to be closer in men and young participants, compared with their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS High BMI was associated with a high risk of developing DM in the Chinese aged population. Thus, it is optimal for the aged population to maintain their body weight within a reasonable range to prevent chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Tang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Y. Q. Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - A. Q. Song
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - J. L. Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Y. P. Wan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - R. Y. Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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Machón M, Mosquera I, Larrañaga I, Martín U, Vergara I. [Socioeconomic inequalities in health among the elderly population in Spain]. GACETA SANITARIA 2020; 34:276-288. [PMID: 31563284 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine socioeconomic inequalities in health in the older population in Spain. METHOD A systematic search and review of the literature published between 2000 and 2017 in English and Spanish was conducted in Social Science Citation Index, Sociology Database, Scopus, PubMed and Embase. Primary and secondary studies analysing these inequalities in Spain were included. Two researchers were responsible for the selection of the studies and the extraction of the information (first author, year of publication, region, design, population/sample, socioeconomic and health indicators used, and main results). RESULTS A total of 89 articles were included, corresponding to 87 studies. Of the studies, 81.6% were cross-sectional, 88.5% included only non-institutionalised population and 35.6% were carried out at a national level. The studies analysed social inequalities in the following health indicators: functional status (n=29), morbidity (n=19), self-perceived health (n=18), mental and emotional health (n=10), cognitive status (n=7), quality of life (n=9), mortality (n=15) and life expectancy (n=2). Socioeconomic inequalities were detected in all of them, although the magnitude varied depending on the socioeconomic and health indicator used. The educational level and the ecological indexes were the indicators that detected more inequalities in health. The impact of inequalities by sex was different in functional status, morbidity, self-perceived health, mental and emotional health and mortality. CONCLUSION There are socioeconomic inequalities in health among the elderly population and their magnitude varies by sex in some of the health indicators. The increase in educational level and the maintenance of sufficient pensions can be key policies that contribute to the reduction of inequalities in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Machón
- Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIs Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Kronikgune - Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad, Barakaldo (Vizcaya), España
| | - Isabel Mosquera
- Departamento de Sociología 2, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España; OPIK - Grupo de investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España.
| | - Isabel Larrañaga
- Departamento de Salud, Delegación Territorial de Gipuzkoa, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España
| | - Unai Martín
- Departamento de Sociología 2, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España; OPIK - Grupo de investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España
| | - Itziar Vergara
- Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIs Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Kronikgune - Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad, Barakaldo (Vizcaya), España
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Besora-Moreno M, Llauradó E, Tarro L, Solà R. Social and Economic Factors and Malnutrition or the Risk of Malnutrition in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030737. [PMID: 32168827 PMCID: PMC7146387 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition in the elderly could be tackled by addressing socioeconomic factors. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the malnutrition or malnutrition risk (MR) in the elderly. The PubMed and SCOPUS databases were searched for observational studies that included assessment of malnutrition or/and MR and socioeconomic variables (educational level, living alone, marital status, income and occupational level, feeling of loneliness, place of residence, and food expenditure) in ≥60-year-old subjects, published in English among 2000–2018 (PROSPERO: CRD42019137097). The systematic review included 40 observational studies (34 cross-sectional and 4 cohort studies) and 16 cross-sectional studies in the meta-analysis (34,703 individuals) of malnutrition and MR in relation to low educational level (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.48; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.33–1.64; p < 0.001), living alone (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.73–2.14; p < 0.001), being single, widowed, or divorced (OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.57–1.90; p < 0.001), and low income level (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 2.35–3.08; p < 0.001), and considering these four socioeconomic factors, malnutrition and MR is associated with them (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.73–1.93; p < 0.001). Malnutrition and MR could be reduced by increasing economic level, supporting people living alone or being single, widowed, and divorced, and improving lifelong learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Besora-Moreno
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-977-75-89-20
| | - Lucia Tarro
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
- Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Eurecat, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
- Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Eurecat, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Internal Medicine, 43204 Reus, Spain
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Mosquera I, Machón M, Vergara I, Larrañaga I, Martín U. [Social inequalities in health among the elderly population: review of indicators used in Spain]. GACETA SANITARIA 2019; 34:297-304. [PMID: 30665691 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the indicators of social position used to evaluate inequalities in health among the population aged 65 and over in Spain. METHOD A systematic search of the literature published in English and Spanish since 2000 in health and social databases was carried out. Primary and secondary studies analyzing these inequalities in Spain were included. The indicators used were identified, as well as the advantages and limitations pointed out by the authors. The main findings were synthesized in a review of the literature. RESULTS We included 87 studies, described in 89 articles. The socioeconomic indicators employed were both individual and ecological. Among the former, educational level was the most analyzed socioeconomic variable (n=73). Other individual variables used were occupation (n=17), objective economic level (n=16), subjective economic level (n=4), housing and household material wealth (n=6), relationship with work activity (n=5), and mixed measures (n=5). Among the ecological indicators, simple (n=3) and complex indices (n=7) were identified. The latter had been constructed based on several indicators, such as educational level and unemployment. Inequalities in multiple health indicators were analyzed, self-perceived health being the only indicator assessed according to all the socioeconomic indicators described. CONCLUSIONS A wide variety of indicators is identified for the evaluation of social inequalities in health among the elderly population. There have not been sufficiently assessed from a gender perspective; this is a line of interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mosquera
- Departamento de Sociología 2, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España; Opik-Grupo de investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico, Universidad del País Vasco UPV-EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España
| | - Mónica Machón
- Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria - OSIs Gipuzkoa, Osakidetza, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Kronikgune - Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad, Barakaldo (Vizcaya), España.
| | - Itziar Vergara
- Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria - OSIs Gipuzkoa, Osakidetza, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España; Kronikgune - Centro de Investigación en Cronicidad, Barakaldo (Vizcaya), España
| | - Isabel Larrañaga
- Departamento de Salud, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa), España
| | - Unai Martín
- Departamento de Sociología 2, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España; Opik-Grupo de investigación en Determinantes Sociales de la Salud y Cambio Demográfico, Universidad del País Vasco UPV-EHU, Leioa (Vizcaya), España
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Fávaro-Moreira NC, Krausch-Hofmann S, Matthys C, Vereecken C, Vanhauwaert E, Declercq A, Bekkering GE, Duyck J. Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature Based on Longitudinal Data. Adv Nutr 2016; 7:507-22. [PMID: 27184278 PMCID: PMC4863272 DOI: 10.3945/an.115.011254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The present systematic review critically examines the available scientific literature on risk factors for malnutrition in the older population (aged ≥65 y). A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, reviewing reference lists from 2000 until March 2015. The 2499 papers identified were subjected to inclusion criteria that evaluated the study quality according to items from validated guidelines. Only papers that provided information on a variable's effect on the development of malnutrition, which requires longitudinal data, were included. A total of 6 longitudinal studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. These studies reported the following significant risk factors for malnutrition: age (OR: 1.038; P = 0.045), frailty in institutionalized persons (β: 0.22; P = 0.036), excessive polypharmacy (β: -0.62; P = 0.001), general health decline including physical function (OR: 1.793; P = 0.008), Parkinson disease (OR: 2.450; P = 0.047), constipation (OR: 2.490; P = 0.015), poor (OR: 3.30; P value not given) or moderate (β: -0.27; P = 0.016) self-reported health status, cognitive decline (OR: 1.844; P = 0.001), dementia (OR: 2.139; P = 0.001), eating dependencies (OR: 2.257; P = 0.001), loss of interest in life (β: -0.58; P = 0.017), poor appetite (β: -1.52; P = 0.000), basal oral dysphagia (OR: 2.72; P = 0.010), signs of impaired efficacy of swallowing (OR: 2.73; P = 0.015), and institutionalization (β: -1.89; P < 0.001). These risk factors for malnutrition in older adults may be considered by health care professionals when developing new integrated assessment instruments to identify older adults' risk of malnutrition and to support the development of preventive and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christophe Matthys
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,,Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Vereecken
- University College Leuven-Limburg, Knowledge and Information Center FOOD, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Erika Vanhauwaert
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine,,University College Leuven-Limburg, Knowledge and Information Center FOOD, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | | | | | - Joke Duyck
- Population Studies in Oral Health, Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;
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Machón-Sobrado M, Vergara-Mitxeltorena I, Dorronsoro-Iraeta M, Larrañaga-Larrañaga N, Vrotsou K, Larrañaga-Padilla I. [Current situation of the research on living conditions and health status of elderly people in Spain]. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2015; 26:15-22. [PMID: 26681433 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the dimensions studied with respect to living and health conditions of the non-institutionalised elderly in the scientific literature in Spain. METHOD A content analysis based on secondary sources was carried out by literature searches in Pubmed and Embase in Spanish and English. The search strategies combined terms related to older people, health and/or living conditions and with Spain. All studies assessing living and/or health conditions of elderly in Spain were included. Studies analyzing a specific aspect of living or health conditions and those based on institutionalized population were excluded. RESULTS A total of 14 studies were considered in the content analysis. The studies are usually local, cross-sectional and data collection is done by direct interview. Variability was observed in the aspects analysed about living and health conditions. All studies included: sociodemographic characteristics, health status and lifestyle habits. Issues related to the status of the out-of home environment are poorly analysed. CONCLUSIONS This work allows knowing the dimensions prioritised in the studies carried out to date about health and living conditions in Spain. It also provides key elements for the development of future research aiming to integrate both living and health conditions of elderly population, both aspects closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Machón-Sobrado
- Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIS Guipúzcoa, Osakidetza, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España.
| | - Itziar Vergara-Mitxeltorena
- Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIS Guipúzcoa, Osakidetza, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España
| | - Miren Dorronsoro-Iraeta
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Dirección de Salud Pública y Adicciones, Gobierno Vasco, Vitoria, Álava, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, España
| | - Nerea Larrañaga-Larrañaga
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, España; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Guipúzcoa, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España
| | - Kalliopi Vrotsou
- Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Unidad de Investigación de Atención Primaria-OSIS Guipúzcoa, Osakidetza, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España
| | - Isabel Larrañaga-Padilla
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Guipúzcoa, Gobierno Vasco, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España
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Zhang R, Sutcliffe S, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA, Rosner BA, Dimitrakoff JD, Wu K. Lifestyle and Risk of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in a Cohort of United States Male Health Professionals. J Urol 2015; 194:1295-300. [PMID: 26070893 PMCID: PMC4666310 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a prevalent urological disorder among men of all ages, its etiology remains unknown. Only a few previous studies have examined associations between lifestyle factors and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, of which most were limited by the cross-sectional study design and lack of control for possible confounders. To address these limitations we performed a cohort study of major lifestyle factors (obesity, smoking and hypertension) and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome risk in the HPFS (Health Professionals Follow-up Study), a large ongoing cohort of United States based male health professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HPFS includes 51,529 men who were 40 to 75 years old at baseline in 1986. At enrollment and every 2 years thereafter participants have completed questionnaires on lifestyle and health conditions. In 2008 participants completed an additional set of questions on recent chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome pain symptoms modified from the NIH (National Institutes of Health)-CPSI (Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index) as well as questions on approximate date of symptom onset. The 653 participants with NIH-CPSI pain scores 8 or greater who first experienced symptoms after 1986 were considered incident chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome cases and the 19,138 who completed chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome questions but did not report chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome related pain were considered noncases. RESULTS No associations were observed for baseline body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, cigarette smoking and hypertension with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome risk (each OR ≤1.34). CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort study none of the lifestyle factors examined was associated with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome risk. As the etiology of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome remains unknown, additional prospective studies are needed to elucidate modifiable risk factors for this common condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Departments of Nutrition (RZ, EG, WCW, KW), Epidemiology (RZ, EG, WCW) and Biostatistics (BAR), Harvard School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (EG, WCW, BAR) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (JDD), Boston, Massachusetts, Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine (SS), St. Louis, Missouri, and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and Department of Urology and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (EAP), Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition (RZ, EG, WCW, KW), Epidemiology (RZ, EG, WCW) and Biostatistics (BAR), Harvard School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (EG, WCW, BAR) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (JDD), Boston, Massachusetts, Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine (SS), St. Louis, Missouri, and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and Department of Urology and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (EAP), Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Departments of Nutrition (RZ, EG, WCW, KW), Epidemiology (RZ, EG, WCW) and Biostatistics (BAR), Harvard School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (EG, WCW, BAR) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (JDD), Boston, Massachusetts, Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine (SS), St. Louis, Missouri, and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and Department of Urology and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (EAP), Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A. Platz
- Departments of Nutrition (RZ, EG, WCW, KW), Epidemiology (RZ, EG, WCW) and Biostatistics (BAR), Harvard School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (EG, WCW, BAR) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (JDD), Boston, Massachusetts, Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine (SS), St. Louis, Missouri, and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and Department of Urology and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (EAP), Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bernard A. Rosner
- Departments of Nutrition (RZ, EG, WCW, KW), Epidemiology (RZ, EG, WCW) and Biostatistics (BAR), Harvard School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (EG, WCW, BAR) and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (JDD), Boston, Massachusetts, Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine (SS), St. Louis, Missouri, and Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, and Department of Urology and The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (EAP), Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Kana Wu
- Correspondence: Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave., Building 2, Room 333, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 (telephone: 617-432-1842, )
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Silva Rodrigues RA, Martinez Espinosa M, Duarte Melo C, Rodrigues Perracini M, Rezende Fett WC, Fett CA. New values anthropometry for classification of nutritional status in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 18:655-61. [PMID: 25226103 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthropometry provides information on the physical status of the individual and can be associated with aspects of health including nutritional status. Currently, the stratification of the arm and calf circumferences is classified into only two situations: "malnourished" and "well-nourished". A total of 513 interviews were conducted, and 391 elderly people (≥ 65 years) completed the assessment using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and anthropometry of selected samples of the population of Cuiabá-MT. The body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated for the elderly people, establishing five new reference values for circumferences, arm relaxed (RAC), abdomen (AC), and calf (CC) in centimeters (cm). The median age was 71 years (64% women and 36% men) and was correlated to the RAC (r=-0.180, p<0.001) and CC (r=-0.202, pp<0.001). The BMI obtained the median of 27 (15% malnourished, risk of malnutrition 13%, eutrophic 24%; overweight 33%, obese 16%), and it was correlated to the RAC (r=0.798, pp<0.001), AC (r=0.823 p p<0.001) and CC (r=0.605, pp<0.001). The MNA was 26 (malnourished 13.8%, risk of malnutrition 12.3%, well-nourished, 73.9%). The BMI stratification by morbidity vs no morbidity was 27.50 (n=287) and 24.4 (n=104) to total sample respectively (pp<0,05). The RAC x AC (r=0.798, pp<0.001), RAC x CC (r=0.648, pp<0.001), and CC x AC (r=0.496, pp<0.001) were correlated between themselves. The eutrophic classification by circumference for both genders: RAC=27.1-29.00 cm, AC=88.1-95.00 cm, CC=32.60-33.00 cm. There are more overweight and obese than malnourished, which is a risk factor for morbidity and MNA only identifies malnutrition. Circumferences showed good association with BMI and are easy to apply. Therefore, the proposal of the circumferences can simplify and expand the nutritional assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Silva Rodrigues
- Rosilene Andrade Silva Rodrigues, NAFIMES-UFMT, Mato Grosso State Health department, Av. França, 442, bairro Santa Rosa, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil 78040170, Brazil, 055-14-65-9241-5895, home: 055-14-65-3625-1052, Fax: 055-14-65-3625 1052,
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Silva Rodrigues RA, Espinosa MM, Melo CD, Perracini MR, Rezende Fett WC, Fett CA. New values anthropometry for classification of nutritional status in the elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0497-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tyrovolas S, Haro JM, Polychronopoulos E, Mariolis A, Piscopo S, Valacchi G, Makri K, Zeimbekis A, Tyrovola D, Bountziouka V, Gotsis E, Metallinos G, Katsoulis Y, Tur JA, Matalas A, Lionis C, Panagiotakos D. Factors associated with components of arterial pressure among older individuals (the multinational MEDIS study): the role of the Mediterranean diet and alcohol consumption. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2014; 16:645-51. [PMID: 25056587 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate factors associated with arterial blood pressure in a sample of older Mediterranean people without known cardiovascular disease. During 2005 to 2011, 2813 older (aged 65-100 years) individuals from 22 Mediterranean islands and the rural Mani region (Peloponnesus) voluntarily enrolled. Standard procedures were used to determine arterial BP and pulse pressure and for the evaluation of dietary habits (including tea and alcoholic beverages consumption), lifestyle, and anthropometric and clinical characteristics of the participants. Participants who reported low alcohol consumption (ie, 0-1 glasses per day) were less likely to have hypertension (odds ratio, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.84) as compared with those who reported high alcohol consumption (ie, 5+ glasses per day). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with mean arterial pressure (β coefficient, -0.18; 95% confidence interval, -0.33 to -0.16). Alcohol drinking remains an important modifiable risk factor for hypertension. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with decreased arterial peripheral resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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Wu Y, Gao Y, Tan A, Liao M, Yang X, Zhang H, Qin X, Mo L, Li L, Mo Z. Distribution characteristics of leukocytes in EPS and correlation with serum PSA levels: results from a Chinese male population survey. Urology 2013; 81:384-9. [PMID: 23374811 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution characteristics of leukocytes in expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) in a large Chinese male population and the correlation with leukocytes and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS From September to December 2009, EPS specimens were collected from 2504 men (age 20-69 years) who had undergone prostatic massage and were recruited from a large-scale community-based population survey in Southern China. The EPS specimens were divided into 5 categories according to the leukocyte count. The lifestyle and demographic characteristics were obtained by questionnaire. Asymptomatic and symptomatic men were defined according to the findings from the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index questionnaire. RESULT EPS specimens were successfully collected from 1779 of the 2504 participants (71%). The degree of inflammation in the EPS specimens progressively increased with age, education, and body mass index (P <.001 for trend for all). A similar result was observed for men living with a partner compared with those living alone (P <.001) but not for men who smoked (P = .084) or consumed alcohol (P = .461). Moreover, a trend for PSA levels increasing progressively across leukocyte categories was observed (P <.001). The PSA levels were greater in all participants with inflammation than in those without (P <.001 for all) when inflammation was defined at 5+, 10+, and 20+ but not for 20+ in asymptomatic men and or not for 5+ and 10+ in symptomatic men. CONCLUSION The results of the present study have shown that the degree of inflammation in EPS progressively increases with increasing age, body mass index, and education. Moreover, an increase of leukocytes in the EPS specimen correlated with increasing PSA levels. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether the minor elevations have clinical significance for prostatitis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Wu
- Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Methodological issues when analysing the role of physical activity in gastric cancer prevention: a critical review. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11556-012-0113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The beneficial effect of physical activity (PA) has been confirmed in several types of cancer (especially colon and breast tumours). However, the role of PA as a risk factor directly related to the incidence of gastric cancer is still open to doubt. This is in part due to the fact that most studies have not considered gastric sub-site or histology of oesophageal cancer, as well as the different approaches used in order to measure PA. Indeed, some studies have tried to link gastric cancer to PA intensity and timing, whereas others have focused on a specific PA type such as recreational, occupational or sporting activity. Furthermore, most of them do not use validated questionnaires, and others create a PA index and employ different unit measures (metabolic equivalents, hours/week, times per week, etc.), which makes it difficult to compare its findings. Under these circumstances, this brief critical review aims to explore and show all the methodological issues that need to be taken into account in order to objectify the link between PA and gastric cancer, as well as provide alternative solutions to these matters.
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