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Lin WQ, Xiao T, Fang YY, Sun MY, Yang YO, Chen JM, Ou CQ, Liu H. The Association of Malnutrition and Health-Related Factors among 474,467 Older Community-Dwellers: A Population-Based Data Mining Study in Guangzhou, China. Nutrients 2024; 16:1338. [PMID: 38732585 PMCID: PMC11085532 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition in older community-dwellers and explore the interaction between associated factors. METHODS A total of 474,467 older community-dwellers aged 65 or above were selected in Guangzhou, China. We used a two-step methodology to detect the associated factors of malnutrition and constructed logistic regression models to explore the influencing factors and interactive effects on three patterns of malnutrition. RESULTS The prevalence of malnutrition was 22.28%. Older adults with both hypertension and diabetes (RERI = 0.13), both meat or fish diet and hypertension (RERI = 0.79), and both meat or fish diet and diabetes (RERI = 0.81) had positive additive interaction effects on the risk of obesity, whereas those on a vegetarian diet with hypertension (RERI = -0.25) or diabetes (RERI = -0.19) had negative additive interaction effects. Moreover, the interactions of physical activity with a meat or fish diet (RERI = -0.84) or dyslipidemia (RERI = -0.09) could lower the risk of obesity. CONCLUSIONS Malnutrition was influenced by different health factors, and there were interactions between these influencing factors. Pertinent dietary instruction should be given according to different nutritional status indexes and the prevalence of metabolic diseases to avoid the occurrences of malnutrition among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Quan Lin
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China;
| | - Ying-Ying Fang
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| | - Min-Ying Sun
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
- Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University & Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Yun-Ou Yang
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| | - Jia-Min Chen
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
| | - Chun-Quan Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China;
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China; (W.-Q.L.); (Y.-Y.F.); (M.-Y.S.); (J.-M.C.)
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Mao Y, Wu J, Liu G, Yu Y, Chen B, Liu J, Wang J, Yu P, Zhang C, Wu J. Chinese expert consensus on prevention and intervention for the elderly with malnutrition (2022). Aging Med (Milton) 2022; 5:191-203. [PMID: 36247340 PMCID: PMC9549312 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is a state of altered body composition and body cell mass due to inadequate intake or utilization of energy or nutrients, leading to physical and mental dysfunction and impaired clinical outcomes. As one of the most common geriatric syndromes, malnutrition in the elderly is a significant risk factor for poor clinical outcomes, causing a massive burden on medical resources and society. The risk factors for malnutrition in the elderly are diverse and include demographics, chronic diseases, and psychosocial factors. Presently, recommendations for the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly are not clear or consistent in China. This consensus is based on the latest global evidence and multiregional clinical experience in China, which aims to standardize the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly in China and improve the efficacy of clinical practice and the prognosis of elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Mao
- Department of Geriatric Medicinethe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianqing Wu
- Department of GeriatricsJiangsu Province HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Gongxiang Liu
- Center of Gerontology and GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric MedicineChengduChina
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicinethe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of GeriatricsJiangsu Province HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicinethe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jianye Wang
- Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pulin Yu
- Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Institute of Aging, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jinhui Wu
- Center of Gerontology and GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric MedicineChengduChina
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Krzymińska-Siemaszko R, Deskur-Śmielecka E, Kaluźniak-Szymanowska A, Kaczmarek B, Kujawska-Danecka H, Klich-Rączka A, Mossakowska M, Małgorzewicz S, Dworak LB, Kostka T, Chudek J, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Socioeconomic Risk Factors of Poor Nutritional Status in Polish Elderly Population: The Results of PolSenior2 Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:4388. [PMID: 34959940 PMCID: PMC8703724 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor nutritional status (PNS) threatens successful aging. Identifying potentially modifiable predictors of PNS is essential for elaborating a preventive strategy for the population at risk. To assess the prevalence of PNS in the Polish elderly population and analyze its socioeconomic correlates based on the data from the nationwide PolSenior2 project. Special emphasis was put on potentially modifiable factors among the identified PNS predictors. Nutritional status was assessed in 5698 community-dwelling older adults with the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. We evaluated the effect of age, sex, level of education, marital status, place of residence, subjective loneliness, and self-reported poverty on the nutritional status of the studied subjects. PNS was found in 25.3% of studied subjects (27.7% women and 21.9% men; p < 0.001). Female sex, older age, unmarried status (in men), subjective loneliness, and self-reported poverty were independent correlates of PNS. The two last above-mentioned predictors were identified as potentially modifiable. Based on our results, we recommend preventive interventions (e.g., performing regular screening), particularly in unmarried (men), poorly educated individuals, self-reporting poverty, complaining of loneliness, and the oldest old. PNS preventive strategies should include social support (both emotional and instrumental) to reduce the effect of poverty and subjective loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roma Krzymińska-Siemaszko
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland; (E.D.-Ś.); (A.K.-S.); (B.K.); (K.W.-T.)
| | - Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland; (E.D.-Ś.); (A.K.-S.); (B.K.); (K.W.-T.)
| | - Aleksandra Kaluźniak-Szymanowska
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland; (E.D.-Ś.); (A.K.-S.); (B.K.); (K.W.-T.)
| | - Beata Kaczmarek
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland; (E.D.-Ś.); (A.K.-S.); (B.K.); (K.W.-T.)
| | - Hanna Kujawska-Danecka
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Connective Tissue Diseases and Geriatrics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Klich-Rączka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Collegium Medicum of Jagiellonian University, 31-008 Krakow, Poland;
| | | | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
| | | | - Tomasz Kostka
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre (HARC), Department of Geriatrics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland; (E.D.-Ś.); (A.K.-S.); (B.K.); (K.W.-T.)
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Ning H, Du Y, Ellis D, Deng HW, Hu H, Zhao Y, Chen H, Liao L, Li M, Peng L, Feng H. Malnutrition and its associated factors among elderly Chinese with physical functional dependency. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:1404-1414. [PMID: 32389160 PMCID: PMC7864553 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019005299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and to identify the associated factors of malnutrition among elderly Chinese with physical functional dependency. DESIGN Face-to-face interviews using standardised questionnaires were conducted to collect demographic information, health-related issues and psychosocial status. Physical function was measured by the Barthel Index (BI), and nutrition status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to assess associated factors of malnutrition. SETTING China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2323 participants (aged ≥ 60 years) with physical functional dependency in five provinces in China were enrolled using a multistage cluster sampling scheme. RESULTS The prevalence of malnutrition was 17·9 % (95 % CI 16·3, 19·4). Multivariable binary logistic regression revealed the independent risk factors of poor nutrition status were being female, older age, lower educational status, poor hearing, poor physical functional status, lack of hobbies, low religious participation, poor social support, lack of social participation and changes in social participation. The study found that the most significant independent risk factor for malnutrition was complete physical functional dependence (OR 4·46, 95 % CI 2·92, 6·82). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the study confirm that malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition are prevalent in Chinese older adults with physical functional dependency. In addition to demographic and physical health-related factors, psychosocial factors, which are often overlooked, are independently associated with nutrition status in Chinese older adults with physical functional dependency. A holistic approach should be adopted to screen for malnutrition and develop health promotion interventions in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Ning
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Yan Du
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA70112, USA
| | - Donna Ellis
- RN School of Nursing, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, LA70118, USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA70112, USA
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Hengyu Hu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Huijing Chen
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Lulu Liao
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Linlin Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Xiangya-Oceanwide Health Management Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
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Besora-Moreno M, Llauradó E, Tarro L, Solà R. Social and Economic Factors and Malnutrition or the Risk of Malnutrition in the Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030737. [PMID: 32168827 PMCID: PMC7146387 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition in the elderly could be tackled by addressing socioeconomic factors. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the malnutrition or malnutrition risk (MR) in the elderly. The PubMed and SCOPUS databases were searched for observational studies that included assessment of malnutrition or/and MR and socioeconomic variables (educational level, living alone, marital status, income and occupational level, feeling of loneliness, place of residence, and food expenditure) in ≥60-year-old subjects, published in English among 2000–2018 (PROSPERO: CRD42019137097). The systematic review included 40 observational studies (34 cross-sectional and 4 cohort studies) and 16 cross-sectional studies in the meta-analysis (34,703 individuals) of malnutrition and MR in relation to low educational level (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.48; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.33–1.64; p < 0.001), living alone (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.73–2.14; p < 0.001), being single, widowed, or divorced (OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.57–1.90; p < 0.001), and low income level (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 2.35–3.08; p < 0.001), and considering these four socioeconomic factors, malnutrition and MR is associated with them (OR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.73–1.93; p < 0.001). Malnutrition and MR could be reduced by increasing economic level, supporting people living alone or being single, widowed, and divorced, and improving lifelong learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Besora-Moreno
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
| | - Elisabet Llauradó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-977-75-89-20
| | - Lucia Tarro
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
- Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Eurecat, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Rosa Solà
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Functional Nutrition, Oxidation, and Cardiovascular Diseases Group (NFOC-Salut), 43201 Reus, Spain; (M.B.-M.); (L.T.); (R.S.)
- Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Eurecat, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Internal Medicine, 43204 Reus, Spain
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Wang X, Liu M, Li Y, Guo C, Yeh CH. Community canteen services for the rural elderly: determining impacts on general mental health, nutritional status, satisfaction with life, and social capital. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:230. [PMID: 32059652 PMCID: PMC7023764 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese government is piloting canteen services for older adults, but few studies have explored the influence of canteen services on the health of these older adults. This study aimed to investigate the impact of canteen services on older adults' general mental health, nutritional status, satisfaction with life, and social capital in rural areas. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional design. We selected 14 villages in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, China, including seven villages with canteen services and seven villages without canteen services. Participants were 284 senior older adults (aged 75~98), including 140 residing in villages with canteen services (Canteen Group [CG]) and 144 residing in villages without canteen services (Non-Canteen Group [NCG]). We also divided the CG into two sub-groups according to the funding sources (one receiving government support only, the other receiving government support plus enterprise donations). We used a self-designed questionnaire, including sociodemographics, diet-related items (e.g., satisfaction with the meals, diet expenditure, self-evaluation of meal nutrition), and the four scales including the Chinese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Chinese version of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Social Capital Questionnaire (SCQ). RESULTS The overall mental health, satisfaction with life, and social capital of the CG were better than the NCG (P < 0.05). The nutritional status of these two groups did not show a significant difference. Participants in the CG with financial support from local government and donations from an enterprise with a better dietary diversity exhibited a better nutritional status (P < 0.05); the average satisfaction with diet and self-evaluation of food nutrition of the CG were higher than the NCG (P < 0.05); the ratio of having a diet on time in the CG was higher than that of the NCG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The free canteen services provided by the government can improve older adults' satisfaction with life and diet, and mental health status and also enrich their social capital, but this still needs to be future evidenced. More financial support for canteen services is an essential component in promoting successful aging in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minhui Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, No. 172 Tong Zi Po Road Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chanyuan Guo
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Hsing Yeh
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Chen CT, Tung HH, Chen YC, Lee HF, Wang CJ, Lin WH. Depressive symptoms and nutritional status in the frail older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 83:96-100. [PMID: 30991156 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between depressive symptoms and nutritional status in the frail older adults. METHODS This study uses a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational design. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, and the Taiwan International Physical Activity Questionnaire Form Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form were used to measure depression and nutritional status, respectively. Data were analyzed by independent-t tests, chi-square tests, spearman correlations, and multiple linear regressions. RESULTS Of the total of 94 frail older adults, 17 (18.09%) had depressive symptoms (GDS > 5). The average MNA-SF score was 11.38 (SD = 2.45), 31 (32.98%) participants had a risk of malnutrition and 12 (12.77%) were malnourished. Participants' reports of dissatisfaction with their lives (72.1%) and feeling terrible about their lives (58.14%) were associated with a risk of malnutrition. Elderly age, multiple comorbidities, and high level of depressive symptoms were at increased risk of malnutrition. CONCLUSION When clinicians are faced with a high-risk group, such as elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and depressive symptoms, they should perform an immediate assessment of nutritional status. If a risk of malnutrition is found, adequate nutrition and health care should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Te Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Heng-Hsin Tung
- School of Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yen-Chin Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Huan-Fang Lee
- Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
| | | | - Wei-Hung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
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Dent E, Hoogendijk EO, Wright ORL. New insights into the anorexia of ageing: from prevention to treatment. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2019; 22:44-51. [PMID: 30394894 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Undernutrition in older adults is associated with frailty, functional decline, and mortality. The 'anorexia of ageing' is the age-related appetite and weight loss underpinning such undernutrition. This review examines the latest evidence for its prevention and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Existing nutritional therapies for the anorexia of ageing include supporting nutritional intake with fortified food or supplements, including protein, omega-3 fatty acids, multivitamins, and vitamin D. The Mediterranean diet provides high fat intake and nutrient density in a moderate volume of colourful and flavoursome food and is strengthening in evidence for healthy ageing. Studies of the gut microbiome, which potentially regulates normal appetite by acting on the brain-gut communication axis, are pertinent. Utilisation of the genetic profile of individuals to determine nutritional needs is an exciting advancement of the past decade and may become common practice. SUMMARY Prevention or early treatment of the anorexia of ageing in older adults is critical. Latest evidence suggests that once significant weight loss has occurred, aggressive nutritional support may not result in improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Dent
- Torrens University Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olivia R L Wright
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Wu X, Li B, Lin WQ, Huang LL, Wang XX, Fu LY, Li BB, Wang PX. The association between obesity indices and hypertension: Which index is the most notable indicator of hypertension in different age groups stratified by sex? Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:373-380. [PMID: 30095294 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1489546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the most notable obesity index and its optimal cut-off point of hypertension in different age groups stratified by sexes among community residents in southern China. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 620 men and 631 women aged 18-59 years were enrolled. The independent-samples t-test and chi-square test were conducted to analyze continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the association between the obesity indices and hypertension risk. RESULTS Waist-stature ratio (WSR) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were the most notable risk factors for hypertension in young men and women, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension risk increased with per standard deviation (SD) in WSR and WHR (WSR: OR = 2.877, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.602 to 5.167; WHR: OR = 10.683, 95%CI = 2.179 to 52.376). In the middle-aged group of both sexes, body mass index (BMI) was the most distinctive risk factor for hypertension, the ORs of hypertension risk increased with per SD in BMI (men: OR = 2.297, 95%CI = 1.683 to 3.136; women: OR = 1.810, 95%CI = 1.338 to 2.450). ROC curve analysis demonstrated WSR and PI were better indicators than other indices among young men, and WSR was the best marker among young women. However, BMI and WC were the most sensitive markers in middle-aged men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In this Chinese population, the association of obesity indices and hypertension is inconsistent in different age groups and sexes. It is important to choose appropriate indicators for specific groups of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China.,b General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital , Southern Medical University , Foshan , China
| | - Bo Li
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China
| | - Wei-Quan Lin
- c Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ling-Ling Huang
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Wang
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China
| | - Li-Ying Fu
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China
| | - Bing-Bing Li
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China
| | - Pei-Xi Wang
- a Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health , Henan University , Kaifeng , China.,b General Practice Center, Nanhai Hospital , Southern Medical University , Foshan , China
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