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Apetroaei MM, Fragkiadaki P, Velescu BȘ, Baliou S, Renieri E, Dinu-Pirvu CE, Drăgănescu D, Vlăsceanu AM, Nedea MI(I, Udeanu DI, Docea AO, Tsatsakis A, Arsene AL. Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations on Telomere Biology: The Positive Effect of Pharmacologically Active Substances on Telomere Length. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7694. [PMID: 39062937 PMCID: PMC11276808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are part of chromatin structures containing repeated DNA sequences, which function as protective caps at the ends of chromosomes and prevent DNA degradation and recombination, thus ensuring the integrity of the genome. While telomere length (TL) can be genetically inherited, TL shortening has been associated with ageing and multiple xenobiotics and bioactive substances. TL has been characterised as a reliable biomarker for the predisposition to developing chronic pathologies and their progression. This narrative review aims to provide arguments in favour of including TL measurements in a complex prognostic and diagnostic panel of chronic pathologies and the importance of assessing the effect of different pharmacologically active molecules on the biology of telomeres. Medicines used in the management of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, schizophrenia, hormone replacement therapy at menopause, danazol, melatonin, and probiotics have been studied for their positive protective effects against TL shortening. All these classes of drugs are analysed in the present review, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna-Maria Apetroaei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Bruno Ștefan Velescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elisavet Renieri
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Cristina Elena Dinu-Pirvu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Doina Drăgănescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Ana Maria Vlăsceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Marina Ionela (Ilie) Nedea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Denisa Ioana Udeanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Artistidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (P.F.); (S.B.); (E.R.); (A.T.)
- Lifeplus S.A., Science & Technological Park of Crete, C Building, Vassilika Vouton, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andreea Letiția Arsene
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-M.A.); (C.E.D.-P.); (D.D.); (A.M.V.); (M.I.N.); (D.I.U.); (A.L.A.)
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Che J, Tong J, Kuang X, Zheng C, Zhou R, Song J, Zhan X, Liu Z. Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and blood pressure among US adults without a previous diagnosis of hypertension: evidence from NHANES 2005-2018. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1265662. [PMID: 37841406 PMCID: PMC10568069 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1265662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are various cross-sectional studies that concluded that vitamin D is associated with blood pressure, but randomized controlled studies have not yielded consistent conclusions. Considering many limitations indeed, our study aimed to examine whether concentrations of 25(OH)D are inversely associated with blood pressure in people without a previous diagnosis of hypertension. Method We analyzed data from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by applying multivariable logistic regression models. The dose-response relationship was assessed by means of restricted cubic spline regression, and stratification analyses were employed to test the consistency between the subgroups. Results Of 17,467 participants aged ≥ 20 years without a previous diagnosis of hypertension, 4,769 had higher blood pressure. Compared with individuals whose 25(OH)D levels were in the bottom quartile (<44.3 nnol/L), adjusting for multiple confounders, the ORs for higher blood pressure were 0.90(95%CI 0.78, 1.05), 0.85(95%CI 0.72, 0.99), and 0.86(95%CI 0.72, 1.02), respectively (P for trend = 0.096). Furthermore, as a continuous variable, 25(OH)D concentrations were non-linearly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (P < 0.001). The interaction between the sleeplessness subgroup and higher blood pressure was significant (P = 0.042). Conclusion In adults without a previous diagnosis of hypertension in the United States, concentrations of 25(OH)D were inversely associated with higher blood pressure when it was <84 nmol/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Che
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Tong
- Department of Respirology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zengzhang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Polettini J, da Silva MG. Telomere-Related Disorders in Fetal Membranes Associated With Birth and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:561771. [PMID: 33123024 PMCID: PMC7573552 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.561771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere disorders have been associated with aging-related diseases, including diabetes, vascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. The main consequence of altered telomere is the induction of the state of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Though several mechanisms responsible for the activation of senescence have been identified, it is still unclear how a cell is indeed induced to become irreversibly arrested. Most tissues in the body will experience senescence throughout its lifespan, but intrinsic and extrinsic stressors, such as chemicals, pollution, oxidative stress (OS), and inflammation accelerate the process. Pregnancy is a state of OS, as the higher metabolic demand of the growing fetus results in increased reactive oxygen species production. As a temporary organ in the mother, senescence in fetal membranes and placenta is expected and linked to term parturition (>37 weeks of gestation). However, a persistent, overwhelming, or premature OS affects placental antioxidant capacity, with consequent accumulation of OS causing damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA in the placental tissues. Therefore, senescence and its main inducer, telomere length (TL) reduction, have been associated with pregnancy complications, including stillbirth, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and prematurity. Fetal membranes have a notable role in preterm births, which continue to be a major health issue associated with increased risk of neo and perinatal adverse outcomes and/or predisposition to disease in later life; however, the ability to mediate a delay in parturition during such cases is limited, because the pathophysiology of preterm births and physiological mechanisms of term births are not yet fully elucidated. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the regulation of telomere-related senescence mechanisms in fetal membranes, highlighting the role of inflammation, methylation, and telomerase activity. Moreover, we present the evidences of TL reduction and senescence in gestational tissues by the time of term parturition. In conclusion, we verified that telomere regulation in fetal membranes requires a more complete understanding, in order to support the development of successful effective interventions of the molecular mechanisms that triggers parturition, including telomere signals, which may vary throughout placental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossimara Polettini
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS), Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Guimarães da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Patologia, Botucatu, Brazil
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