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The Melatonin Receptor Agonist Ramelteon Induces Cardioprotection that Requires MT2 Receptor Activation and Release of Reactive Oxygen Species. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 34:303-310. [PMID: 32236860 PMCID: PMC7242242 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-06972-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The melatonin receptor (MT) agonist ramelteon has a higher affinity to MT1 than for MT2 receptors and induces cardioprotection by involvement of mitochondrial potassium channels. Activation of mitochondrial potassium channels leads to release of free radicals. We investigated whether (1) ramelteon-induced cardioprotection is MT2 receptor specific and (2) if free radicals are involved in ramelteon-induced cardioprotection. Methods Hearts of male Wistar rats were randomized, placed on a Langendorff system, and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at a constant pressure of 80 mmHg. All hearts were subjected to 33 min of global ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. Before ischemia hearts were perfused with ramelteon (Ram) with or without the MT2 receptor inhibitor 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin (4P-PDOT+Ram, 4P-PDOT). In subsequent experiments, ramelteon was administered together with the radical oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-2-mercaptopropionylglycine (MPG+Ram). To determine whether the blockade of ramelteon-induced cardioprotection can be restored, we combined ramelteon and MPG with mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA) at different time points. Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Results Ramelteon-induced infarct size reduction was completely blocked by 4P-PDOT and MPG. Ramelteon and MPG combined with CsA before ischemia were not cardioprotective but CsA at the onset of reperfusion could restore infarct size reduction. Conclusions This study shows for the first time that despite the higher affinity to MT1 receptors, (1) ramelteon-induced cardioprotection involves MT2 receptors, (2) cardioprotection requires ROS release, and (3) inhibition of the mPTP can restore infarct size reduction.
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Lin S, Neelankavil J, Wang Y. Cardioprotective Effect of Anesthetics: Translating Science to Practice. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:730-740. [PMID: 33051149 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of mortality in the world, particularly among the aging population. Major adverse cardiac events are also a major contributor to perioperative complications, affecting 2.6% of noncardiac surgeries and up to 18% of cardiac surgeries. Cardioprotective effects of volatile anesthetics and certain intravenous anesthetics have been well-documented in preclinical studies; however, their clinical application has yielded conflicting results in terms of their efficacy. Therefore, better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and developing effective ways to translate these insights into clinical practice remain significant challenges and unmet needs in the area. Several recent reviews have focused on mechanistic dissection of anesthetic-mediated cardioprotection. The present review focuses on recent clinical trials investigating the cardioprotective effects of anesthetics in the past five years. In addition to highlighting the main outcomes of these trials, the authors provide their perspectives about the current gap in the field and potential directions for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jacques Neelankavil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
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Krabbendam IE, Honrath B, Dilberger B, Iannetti EF, Branicky RS, Meyer T, Evers B, Dekker FJ, Koopman WJH, Beyrath J, Bano D, Schmidt M, Bakker BM, Hekimi S, Culmsee C, Eckert GP, Dolga AM. SK channel-mediated metabolic escape to glycolysis inhibits ferroptosis and supports stress resistance in C. elegans. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:263. [PMID: 32327637 PMCID: PMC7181639 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility is an essential characteristic of eukaryotic cells in order to adapt to physiological and environmental changes. Especially in mammalian cells, the metabolic switch from mitochondrial respiration to aerobic glycolysis provides flexibility to sustain cellular energy in pathophysiological conditions. For example, attenuation of mitochondrial respiration and/or metabolic shifts to glycolysis result in a metabolic rewiring that provide beneficial effects in neurodegenerative processes. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of cell death triggered by an impaired redox balance is gaining attention in the field of neurodegeneration. We showed recently that activation of small-conductance calcium-activated K+ (SK) channels modulated mitochondrial respiration and protected neuronal cells from oxidative death. Here, we investigated whether SK channel activation with CyPPA induces a glycolytic shift thereby increasing resilience of neuronal cells against ferroptosis, induced by erastin in vitro and in the nematode C. elegans exposed to mitochondrial poisons in vivo. High-resolution respirometry and extracellular flux analysis revealed that CyPPA, a positive modulator of SK channels, slightly reduced mitochondrial complex I activity, while increasing glycolysis and lactate production. Concomitantly, CyPPA rescued the neuronal cells from ferroptosis, while scavenging mitochondrial ROS and inhibiting glycolysis reduced its protection. Furthermore, SK channel activation increased survival of C. elegans challenged with mitochondrial toxins. Our findings shed light on metabolic mechanisms promoted through SK channel activation through mitohormesis, which enhances neuronal resilience against ferroptosis in vitro and promotes longevity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge E Krabbendam
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit Honrath
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Straße 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 2, Marburg, 35032, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dilberger
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Nutritional Sciences, and Environmental Management, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Eligio F Iannetti
- Khondrion, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robyn S Branicky
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Tammo Meyer
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard Evers
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signalling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Dekker
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry (286), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Beyrath
- Khondrion, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Bano
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) e.V., Sigmund-Freud-Straße 27, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signalling, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Siegfried Hekimi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Biochemisch-Pharmakologisches Centrum Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 2, Marburg, 35032, Germany
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior-CMBB, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gunter P Eckert
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Nutritional Sciences, and Environmental Management, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Bunte S, Lill T, Falk M, Stroethoff M, Raupach A, Mathes A, Heinen A, Hollmann MW, Huhn R. Impact of Anesthetics on Cardioprotection Induced by Pharmacological Preconditioning. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8030396. [PMID: 30901956 PMCID: PMC6462902 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anesthetics, especially propofol, are discussed to influence ischemic preconditioning. We investigated whether cardioprotection by milrinone or levosimendan is influenced by the clinically used anesthetics propofol, sevoflurane or dexmedetomidine. Hearts of male Wistar rats were randomised, placed on a Langendorff system and perfused with Krebs–Henseleit buffer (KHB) at a constant pressure of 80 mmHg. All hearts underwent 33 min of global ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. Three different anesthetic regimens were conducted throughout the experiments: propofol (11 μM), sevoflurane (2.5 Vol%) and dexmedetomidine (1.5 nM). Under each anesthetic regimen, pharmacological preconditioning was induced by administration of milrinone (1 μM) or levosimendan (0.3 μM) 10 min before ischemia. Infarct size was determined by TTC staining. Infarct sizes in control groups were comparable (KHB-Con: 53 ± 9%, Prop-Con: 56 ± 9%, Sevo-Con: 56 ± 8%, Dex-Con: 53 ± 9%; ns). Propofol completely abolished preconditioning by milrinone and levosimendan (Prop-Mil: 52 ± 8%, Prop-Lev: 52 ± 8%; ns versus Prop-Con), while sevoflurane did not (Sevo-Mil: 31 ± 9%, Sevo-Lev: 33 ± 7%; p < 0.05 versus Sevo-Con). Under dexmedetomidine, results were inconsistent; levosimendan induced infarct size reduction (Dex-Lev: 36 ± 6%; p < 0.05 versus Dex-Con) but not milrinone (Dex-Mil: 51 ± 8%; ns versus Dex-Con). The choice of the anesthetic regimen has an impact on infarct size reduction by pharmacological preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bunte
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Tobias Lill
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Falk
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Martin Stroethoff
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Annika Raupach
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Alexander Mathes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
| | - André Heinen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), Location AMC, Meiberdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ragnar Huhn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Behmenburg F, Trefz L, Dorsch M, Ströthoff M, Mathes A, Raupach A, Heinen A, Hollmann MW, Berger MM, Huhn R. Milrinone-Induced Postconditioning Requires Activation of Mitochondrial Ca 2+-sensitive Potassium (mBK Ca) Channels. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2018; 32:2142-2148. [PMID: 29306618 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardioprotection by postconditioning requires activation of mitochondrial large-conductance Ca2+-sensitive potassium (mBKCa) channels. The involvement of these channels in milrinone-induced postconditioning is unknown. The authors determined whether cardioprotection by milrinone-induced postconditioning involves activation of mBKCa channels in the rat heart in vitro. DESIGN Randomized, prospective, blinded laboratory investigation. SETTING Experimental laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Male Wistar rats. INTERVENTIONS Hearts of male Wistar rats were randomized, placed on a Langendorff system, and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at a constant pressure of 80 mmHg. All hearts were subjected to 33 minutes of global ischemia and 60 minutes of reperfusion. At the onset of reperfusion, hearts were perfused with different concentrations of milrinone (0.3-100 μM) for determination of a dose-effect curve. In a second set of experiments, 3 μM milrinone was administered in combination with the mBKCa channel inhibitor paxilline (1 μM). Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazoliumchloride staining. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS In control animals, infarct size was 37 ± 7%. Milrinone at a concentration of 3 μM reduced infarct size to 22 ± 7% (p < 0.05 v control). Higher milrinone concentrations did not confer stronger protection. Paxilline completely blocked milrinone-induced cardioprotection whereas paxilline alone had no effect on infarct size. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that activation of mBKCa channels plays a pivotal role in milrinone-induced postconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lara Trefz
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marianne Dorsch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Ströthoff
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Mathes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika Raupach
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - André Heinen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc M Berger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and General Critical Care Medicine, Salzburg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ragnar Huhn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Bunte S, Behmenburg F, Bongartz A, Stroethoff M, Raupach A, Heinen A, Minol JP, Hollmann MW, Huhn R, Sixt SU. Preconditioning by Levosimendan is Mediated by Activation of Mitochondrial Ca2+-Sensitive Potassium (mBKCa) Channels. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2018; 32:427-434. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-018-6819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Melatonin Receptor Agonist Ramelteon Reduces Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Activation of Mitochondrial Potassium Channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2018; 72:106-111. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Krabbendam IE, Honrath B, Culmsee C, Dolga AM. Mitochondrial Ca 2+-activated K + channels and their role in cell life and death pathways. Cell Calcium 2017; 69:101-111. [PMID: 28818302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCa) are expressed at the plasma membrane and in cellular organelles. Expression of all KCa channel subtypes (BK, IK and SK) has been detected at the inner mitochondrial membrane of several cell types. Primary functions of these mitochondrial KCa channels include the regulation of mitochondrial ROS production, maintenance of the mitochondrial membrane potential and preservation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. These channels are therefore thought to contribute to cellular protection against oxidative stress through mitochondrial mechanisms of preconditioning. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on mitochondrial KCa channels, and their role in mitochondrial function in relation to cell death and survival pathways. More specifically, we systematically discuss studies on the role of these mitochondrial KCa channels in pharmacological preconditioning, and according protective effects on ischemic insults to the brain and the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge E Krabbendam
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Birgit Honrath
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Behmenburg F, Hölscher N, Flögel U, Hollmann MW, Heinen A, Huhn R. Opening of calcium-activated potassium channels improves long-term left-ventricular function after coronary artery occlusion in mice. Int J Cardiol 2017; 241:351-357. [PMID: 28487150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opening of mitochondrial calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa) reduces infarct size after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). It is unknown if targeting BKCa-channels improves cardiac performance in the long-term after I/R. METHODS Experiments were conducted in compliance with institutional and national guidelines in C57BL/6 mice (n=7-8/group). Animals were randomized into two groups. Preconditioning was induced by intraperitoneal application of NS1619 (NS, 1μg/g bw) 10min before ischemia, control animals (Con) received the vehicle. All animals underwent 45min of myocardial ischemia and four weeks of reperfusion. Transthoracal Echocardiography (TTE) was conducted one and four weeks after ischemia (TTEW1/TTEW4) and additionally a cardiac MRI was done in week four. At the end of experiments the infarction scar was determined by AZAN staining. RESULTS TTE revealed that NS1619 improved ejection fraction one week (Con: 36±4%, NS: 45±4%; P<0.05) and four weeks after I/R (Con: 33±11%, NS: 46±8%; P<0.05). Preconditioning with NS1619 reduced end-diastolic volume at both time points (TTEW1: Con: 60±12μl, NS: 45±8μl; TTEW4: Con: 82±31μl, NS: 44±8μl; each P<0.05) and increased fractional shortening after four weeks (TTEW4: Con: 12±6%, NS: 24±8%; P<0.05). MRI-analysis after four weeks confirmed the echocardiographic results. NS1619 increased ejection fraction by 45% (MRI: Con: 29±6%, NS: 42±9%; P<0.05 vs. Con) and reduced end-diastolic and -systolic volume (EDV, ESV) compared to control (MRI: EDV: Con: 110±19μl, NS: 88±16μl; ESV: Con: 79±19μl, NS: 53±18μl; each P<0.05). Preconditioning reduced infarction scar after four weeks by 25% (Con: 12±3%, NS: 9±2%; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Preconditioning by opening of BKCa-channels with NS1619 improves cardiac performance after four weeks of reperfusion and reduces myocardial infarction scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Behmenburg
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Nina Hölscher
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anaesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André Heinen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ragnar Huhn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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The Cardioprotective Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Rats Is Dose-Dependent and Mediated by BKCa Channels. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2017; 69:228-235. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 inhibition abolishes ischemic tolerance induced by ischemic preconditioning in different cardiac models. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 794:246-256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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12
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Dorsch M, Behmenburg F, Raible M, Blase D, Grievink H, Hollmann MW, Heinen A, Huhn R. Morphine-Induced Preconditioning: Involvement of Protein Kinase A and Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151025. [PMID: 26968004 PMCID: PMC4788451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Morphine induces myocardial preconditioning (M-PC) via activation of mitochondrial large conductance Ca2+-sensitive potassium (mKCa) channels. An upstream regulator of mKCa channels is protein kinase A (PKA). Furthermore, mKCa channel activation regulates mitochondrial bioenergetics and thereby prevents opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Here, we investigated in the rat heart in vivo whether 1) M-PC is mediated by activation of PKA, and 2) pharmacological opening of the mPTP abolishes the cardioprotective effect of M-PC and 3) M-PC is critically dependent on STAT3 activation, which is located upstream of mPTP within the signalling pathway. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomised to six groups (each n = 6). All animals underwent 25 minutes of regional myocardial ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion. Control animals (Con) were not further treated. Morphine preconditioning was initiated by intravenous administration of 0.3 mg/kg morphine (M-PC). The PKA blocker H-89 (10 μg/kg) was investigated with and without morphine (H-89+M-PC, H-89). We determined the effect of mPTP opening with atractyloside (5 mg/kg) with and without morphine (Atr+M-PC, Atr). Furthermore, the effect of morphine on PKA activity was tested in isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes. In further experiments in isolated hearts we tested the protective properties of morphine in the presence of STAT3 inhibition, and whether pharmacological prevention of the mPTP-opening by cyclosporine A (CsA) is cardioprotective in the presence of STAT3 inhibition. Results Morphine reduced infarct size from 64±5% to 39±9% (P<0.05 vs. Con). H-89 completely blocked preconditioning by morphine (64±9%; P<0.05 vs. M-PC), but H-89 itself had not effect on infarct size (61±10%; P>0.05 vs. Con). Also, atractyloside abolished infarct size reduction of morphine completely (65±9%; P<0.05 vs. M-PC) but had no influence on infarct size itself (64±5%; P>0.05 vs. Con). In isolated hearts STAT3 inhibitor Stattic completely abolished morphine-induced preconditioning. Administration of Stattic and mPTP inhibitor cyclosporine A reduced infarct size to 31±6% (Stat+CsA, P<0.05 vs. Con). Cyclosporine A alone reduced infarct size to 26±7% (CsA P<0.05 vs. Con). In cardiomyocytes, PKA activity was increased by morphine. Conclusion Our data suggest that morphine-induced cardioprotection is mediated by STAT3-activation and inhibition of mPTP, with STA3 located upstream of mPTP. There is some evidence that protein kinase A is involved within the signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Dorsch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Friederike Behmenburg
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Miriam Raible
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Dominic Blase
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hilbert Grievink
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Markus W. Hollmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André Heinen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ragnar Huhn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Impact of Mitochondrial Ca2+-Sensitive Potassium (mBKCa) Channels in Sildenafil-Induced Cardioprotection in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144737. [PMID: 26671662 PMCID: PMC4684397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial large-conductance Ca2+-sensitive potassium (mBKCa) channels are involved in myocardial ischemic preconditioning. Their role in sildenafil-induced cardioprotection is unknown. We investigated whether sildenafil-induced acute cardioprotection is mediated by activation of mBKCa channels in the rat heart in vitro. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 8 per group) were randomized and anesthetized with pentobarbital (90 mg/kg). Hearts were isolated, mounted on a Langendorff system and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at a constant pressure of 80 mmHg. Hearts underwent 30 min of global ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. At the end of the experiments infarct size was determined by TTC staining. In the control group rats were not further treated. Sildenafil (3 μM) was administered over 10 min before the beginning of ischemia. The mBKCa channel inhibitor paxilline (1 μM) was administered with and without sildenafil before the onset of ischemia. The pathway underlying sildenafil-induced cardioprotection was further investigated with the protein kinase G blocker KT5823 (1 μM). Myocardial cGMP concentration was measured by ELISA. Data (mean±SD) were analysed with a one and two-way analysis of variance as appropriate. RESULTS In control animals infarct size was 52±8%. Sildenafil increased cGMP concentration and reduced infarct size to 35±6% (P<0.05 vs. control). Paxilline and KT5823 completely blocked sildenafil-induced cardioprotection (paxilline+sildenafil: 50±8%, KT5823+sildenafil: 45±8%; both P<0.05 vs. sildenafil). Functional heart parameters and coronary flow were not different between the study groups. CONCLUSION This study shows that in male rats protein kinase G-dependent opening of mBKCa channels plays a pivotal role in sildenafil-induced cardioprotection.
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The anesthesia in abdominal aortic surgery (ABSENT) study: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial comparing troponin T release with fentanyl-sevoflurane and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia in major vascular surgery. Anesthesiology 2014; 119:802-12. [PMID: 23838709 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e31829bd883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On the basis of data indicating that volatile anesthetics induce cardioprotection in cardiac surgery, current guidelines recommend volatile anesthetics for maintenance of general anesthesia during noncardiac surgery in hemodynamic stable patients at risk for perioperative myocardial ischemia. The aim of the current study was to compare increased troponin T (TnT) values in patients receiving sevoflurane-based anesthesia or total intravenous anesthesia in elective abdominal aortic surgery. METHODS A prospective, randomized, open, parallel-group trial comparing sevoflurane-based anesthesia (group S) and total intravenous anesthesia (group T) with regard to cardioprotection in 193 patients scheduled for elective abdominal aortic surgery. Increased TnT level on the first postoperative day was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints were postoperative complications, nonfatal coronary events and mortality. RESULTS On the first postoperative day increased TnT values (>13 ng/l) were found in 43 (44%) patients in group S versus 41 (43%) in group T (P = 0.999), with no significant differences in TnT levels between the groups at any time point. Although underpowered, the authors found no differences in postoperative complications, nonfatal coronary events or mortality between the groups. CONCLUSIONS In elective abdominal aortic surgery sevoflurane-based anesthesia did not reduce myocardial injury, evaluated by TnT release, compared with total intravenous anesthesia. These data indicate that potential cardioprotective effects of volatile anesthetics found in cardiac surgery are less obvious in major vascular surgery.
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fourth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2011 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Antiarrhythmic effect of prolonged morphine exposure is accompanied by altered myocardial adenylyl cyclase signaling in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2012; 64:351-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Plants produce many small molecules with biomedical potential. Their absorption from foods, metabolism, their effects on physiological and pathological processes, and the mechanisms of action are intensely investigated. Many are known to affect multiple cellular functions. Mitochondria are coming to be recognized as a major target for these compounds, especially redox-active ones, but the mechanisms involved still need clarification. At the same time, frontline research is uncovering the importance of processes involving these organelles for the cell and for an array of physiological and pathological processes. We review the major functions and possible dysfunctions of mitochondria, identify signaling pathways through which plant-derived molecules have an impact, and show how this may be relevant for major pathologies. RECENT ADVANCES Antioxidant, protective effects may arise as a reaction to a low-level pro-oxidant activity, largely taking place at mitochondria. Some plant-derived molecules can activate AMP-dependent kinase, with a consequent upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and a potential favorable impact on aging, pathologies like diabetes and neurodegeneration, and on ischemic damage. CRITICAL ISSUES The extrapolation of in vitro results and the verification of paradigms in vivo is a key issue for current research on both plant-derived compounds and mitochondria. The low bioavailability of many of these molecules poses a problem for both the study of their activities and their utilization. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The further clarification of the role of mitochondria in the activities of plant dietary compounds and their metabolites, mitochondrial targeting, the development of analogs and pro-drugs are all topics for promising research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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