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Furgiuele A, Pereira FC, Martini S, Marino F, Cosentino M. Dopaminergic regulation of inflammation and immunity in Parkinson's disease: friend or foe? Clin Transl Immunology 2023; 12:e1469. [PMID: 37781343 PMCID: PMC10540835 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting 7-10 million people worldwide. Currently, there is no treatment available to prevent or delay PD progression, partially due to the limited understanding of the pathological events which lead to the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the brain, which is known to be the cause of PD symptoms. The current available treatments aim at compensating dopamine (DA) deficiency in the brain using its precursor levodopa, dopaminergic agonists and some indirect dopaminergic agents. The immune system is emerging as a critical player in PD. Therefore, immune-based approaches have recently been proposed to be used as potential antiparkinsonian agents. It has been well-known that dopaminergic pathways play a significant role in regulating immune responses in the brain. Although dopaminergic agents are the primary antiparkinsonian treatments, their immune regulatory effect has yet to be fully understood. The present review summarises the current available evidence of the immune regulatory effects of DA and its mimics and discusses dopaminergic agents as antiparkinsonian drugs. Based on the current understanding of their involvement in the regulation of neuroinflammation in PD, we propose that targeting immune pathways involved in PD pathology could offer a better treatment outcome for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Furgiuele
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Frederico C Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC)CoimbraPortugal
| | - Stefano Martini
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Franca Marino
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Marco Cosentino
- Center for Research in Medical PharmacologyUniversity of InsubriaVareseItaly
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2
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Čović M, Zjalić M, Mihajlović L, Pap M, Wagner J, Mandić D, Debeljak Ž, Heffer M. Sucralose Targets the Insulin Signaling Pathway in the SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Line. Metabolites 2023; 13:817. [PMID: 37512524 PMCID: PMC10385368 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sucralose is widely used as a non-nutritive sweetener (NNS). However, in order to justify its use as a non-nutritive food additive, sucralose would have to be metabolically neutral. The aim of this study was to examine whether sucralose altered the insulin signaling pathway in an in vitro cell model of Parkinson's disease (PD)-the dopaminergic differentiated cell line SH-SY5Y. Cells were exposed to sucralose alone and in combination with either insulin or levodopa. Activation of the insulin signaling pathway was assessed by quantifying protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), as well as the phosphorylated forms of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1-R). Metabolic effects were assayed using MALDI-TOF MS analysis. In the cell viability test, 2 mM sucralose had a negative effect, and levodopa in all combinations had a positive effect. Sucralose treatment alone suppressed GSK3 and IGF1-R phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. This treatment also altered the metabolism of fatty acids and amino acids, especially when combined with insulin and levodopa. Suppression of the insulin signaling pathway and sucralose-induced changes in the metabolic profile could underlie a diet-acquired insulin resistance, previously associated with neurodegeneration, or may be an altered response to insulin or levodopa medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Čović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lovro Mihajlović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marianna Pap
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopic Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Jasenka Wagner
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dario Mandić
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, Osijek University Hospital, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željko Debeljak
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, Osijek University Hospital, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Kumar S, Awasthi A, Raj K, Singh S. L-theanine attenuates LPS-induced motor deficit in experimental rat model of Parkinson's disease: emphasis on mitochondrial activity, neuroinflammation, and neurotransmitters. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023:10.1007/s00213-023-06382-y. [PMID: 37191688 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons. The pathogenesis of PD includes oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurotransmitter dysregulation. L-theanine is found in green tea and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects with a high blood brain barrier permeability. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of L-theanine in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced motor deficits and striatal neurotoxicity in a rat model of PD. METHODS LPS was infused at a dose of 5 μg/5 μl PBS stereotaxically into SNpc of rats. Treatment with L-theanine (50 and 100 mg/kg; po) and Sinemet (36 mg/kg; po) was given from day 7 to 21 in of LPS injected rat. On a weekly basis all behavioral parameters were assessed, and animals were sacrificed on day 22. The striatum tissue of brain was isolated for biochemicals (Nitrite, GSH, catalase, SOD, mitochondrial complexes I and IV), neuroinflammatory markers, and neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, GABA, and glutamate) estimations. RESULTS Results revealed that L-theanine dose-dependently and significantly reversed motor deficits, assessed through locomotor and rotarod activity. Moreover, L-theanine attenuated biochemical markers, reduced oxidative stress, and neurotransmitters dysbalance in the brain. L-theanine treatment at 100 mg/kg; po substantially reduced these pathogenic events by increasing mitochondrial activity, restoring neurotransmitter levels, and inhibiting neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the positive effects of L-theanine on motor coordination may be mediated by the suppression of NF-κB induced by LPS. Therefore, L-theanine would have a new therapeutic potential for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Kumar
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India, 142001
| | - Anupam Awasthi
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India, 142001
| | - Khadga Raj
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India, 142001
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India, 142001.
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Cifuentes J, Cifuentes-Almanza S, Ruiz Puentes P, Quezada V, González Barrios AF, Calderón-Peláez MA, Velandia-Romero ML, Rafat M, Muñoz-Camargo C, Albarracín SL, Cruz JC. Multifunctional magnetoliposomes as drug delivery vehicles for the potential treatment of Parkinson's disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1181842. [PMID: 37214285 PMCID: PMC10196638 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, development of novel technologies and strategies to treat PD is a global health priority. Current treatments include administration of Levodopa, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, and anticholinergic drugs. However, the effective release of these molecules, due to the limited bioavailability, is a major challenge for the treatment of PD. As a strategy to solve this challenge, in this study we developed a novel multifunctional magnetic and redox-stimuli responsive drug delivery system, based on the magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with the high-performance translocating protein OmpA and encapsulated into soy lecithin liposomes. The obtained multifunctional magnetoliposomes (MLPs) were tested in neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, primary human and rat astrocytes, blood brain barrier rat endothelial cells, primary mouse microvascular endothelial cells, and in a PD-induced cellular model. MLPs demonstrated excellent performance in biocompatibility assays, including hemocompatibility (hemolysis percentages below 1%), platelet aggregation, cytocompatibility (cell viability above 80% in all tested cell lines), mitochondrial membrane potential (non-observed alterations) and intracellular ROS production (negligible impact compared to controls). Additionally, the nanovehicles showed acceptable cell internalization (covered area close to 100% at 30 min and 4 h) and endosomal escape abilities (significant decrease in lysosomal colocalization after 4 h of exposure). Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to better understand the underlying translocating mechanism of the OmpA protein, showing key findings regarding specific interactions with phospholipids. Overall, the versatility and the notable in vitro performance of this novel nanovehicle make it a suitable and promising drug delivery technology for the potential treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Cifuentes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Paola Ruiz Puentes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Quezada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Fernando González Barrios
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Marjan Rafat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Sonia L. Albarracín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Protects C2C12 Myotubes against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081435. [PMID: 35892637 PMCID: PMC9330721 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense systems leads to macromolecule and tissue damage as a result of cellular oxidative stress. This phenomenon is considered a key factor in fatigue and muscle damage following chronic or high-intensity physical exercise. In the present study, the antioxidant effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) was evaluated in C2C12 myotubes exposed to an elevated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) insult. The capacity of the extract to influence the myotube redox status was evaluated through an analysis of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione homeostasis (GSH and GSSG), total free thiols (TFT), and thioredoxin (Trx) activity, as well as the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and transferase (GST). Moreover, the ability of MOLE to mitigate the stress-induced peroxidation of lipids and oxidative damage (TBARS and protein carbonyls) was also evaluated. Our data demonstrate that MOLE pre-treatment mitigates the highly stressful effects of H2O2 in myotubes (1 mM) by restoring the redox status (TFT, Trx, and GSH/GSSG ratio) and increasing the antioxidant enzymatic system (CAT, SOD, GPx, GST), thereby significantly reducing the TBARs and PrCAR levels. Our study provides evidence that MOLE supplementation has antioxidant potential, allowing myotubes better able to cope with an oxidative insult and, therefore, could represent a useful nutritional strategy for the preservation of muscle well-being.
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Opioids and Vitamin C: Known Interactions and Potential for Redox-Signaling Crosstalk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071267. [PMID: 35883757 PMCID: PMC9312198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are among the most widely used classes of pharmacologically active compounds both clinically and recreationally. Beyond their analgesic efficacy via μ opioid receptor (MOR) agonism, a prominent side effect is central respiratory depression, leading to systemic hypoxia and free radical generation. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid; AA) is an essential antioxidant vitamin and is involved in the recycling of redox cofactors associated with inflammation. While AA has been shown to reduce some of the negative side effects of opioids, the underlying mechanisms have not been explored. The present review seeks to provide a signaling framework under which MOR activation and AA may interact. AA can directly quench reactive oxygen and nitrogen species induced by opioids, yet this activity alone does not sufficiently describe observations. Downstream of MOR activation, confounding effects from AA with STAT3, HIF1α, and NF-κB have the potential to block production of antioxidant proteins such as nitric oxide synthase and superoxide dismutase. Further mechanistic research is necessary to understand the underlying signaling crosstalk of MOR activation and AA in the amelioration of the negative, potentially fatal side effects of opioids.
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Ayaz M, Anwar F, Saleem U, Shahzadi I, Ahmad B, Mir A, Ismail T. Parkinsonism Attenuation by Antihistamines via Downregulating the Oxidative Stress, Histamine, and Inflammation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:14772-14783. [PMID: 35557705 PMCID: PMC9088957 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the motor activity of the brain, regulated by dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra, resulting in an increased density of histaminergic fibers. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of H1 antagonist's ebastine and levocetirizine in PD per se and in combination. Animals were divided into 9 groups (n = 10). Group 1 received carboxymethyl cellulose CMC (1 mL/kg). Group II was treated with haloperidol (1 mg/kg) (diseased group). Group III was treated with levodopa/carbidopa (levo 20 mg/kg). Groups IV and V were treated with ebastine at dose levels of 2 and 4 mg/kg, respectively. Groups VI and VII were treated with levocetirizine at dose levels of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg, respectively. Group VIII was treated with ebastine (4 mg/kg) + levo (20 mg/kg) in combination. Group IX was treated with levocetirizine (1 mg/kg) + levo (20 mg/kg). PD was induced with haloperidol (1 mg/kg iv, once daily for 23 days) for a duration of 30 min. Behavioral tests like rotarod, block and triple horizontal bars, actophotometer, and open field were performed. Biochemical markers of oxidative stress, i.e., SOD, CAT, GSH, MDA, dopamine, serotonin, and nor-adrenaline and nitrite, were determined. Histamine, mRNA expression of α-synuclein, and TNF-α level in the serum and brain of mice were analyzed. Endogenous biochemical markers were increased except mRNA expression of α-synuclein, which was reduced. In combination therapy with the standard drug, ebastine (4 mg/kg) significantly improved the cataleptic state and dopamine levels, but no significant difference in the renal and liver functioning tests was observed. This study concluded that ebastine (4 mg/kg) might work in the treatment of PD as it improves the cataleptic state in haloperidol-induced catalepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Ayaz
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- . Tel: +92-3338883251
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College
University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Irum Shahzadi
- Department
of Biotechnology, COMSAT University, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Mir
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department
of Pharmacy, COMSAT University, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Ramachandra VH, Sivanesan S, Koppal A, Anandakumar S, Howell MD, Sukumar E, Vijayaraghavan R. Embelin and levodopa combination therapy for improved Parkinson's disease treatment. Transl Neurosci 2022; 13:145-162. [PMID: 35855085 PMCID: PMC9245559 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, affects dopaminergic neurons. Oxidative stress and gut damage play critical roles in PD pathogenesis. Inhibition of oxidative stress and gut damage can prevent neuronal death and delay PD progression. The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of embelin or the combination with levodopa (LD) in a rotenone-induced PD mouse model. At the end of experimentation, the mice were sacrificed and the midbrain was used to evaluate various biochemical parameters, such as nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, urea, and lipid peroxidation. In the substantia nigra (midbrain), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, and Nurr1 expression was evaluated by western blotting. Gut histopathology was evaluated on tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. In silico molecular docking studies of embelin and α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils were also performed. Embelin alone or in combination with LD ameliorated oxidative stress and gut damage. TH and Nurr1 protein levels were also significantly restored. Docking studies confirmed the affinity of embelin toward α-syn. Taken together, embelin could be a promising drug for the treatment of PD, especially when combined with LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vagdevi Hangarakatte Ramachandra
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Shivamogga 577222, Karnataka, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sivanesan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Anand Koppal
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Shivamogga 577222, Karnataka, India
| | - Shanmugam Anandakumar
- Department of Phytoinformatics, Yukai Care Solutions LLP, Chennai 600011, Tamilnadu, India.,Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Matthew D Howell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, United States of America
| | - Ethirajan Sukumar
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India
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Lai CY, Lin CY, Wu CR, Tsai CH, Tsai CW. Carnosic Acid Alleviates Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia and Cell Death in 6-Hydroxydopamine-lesioned Rats and in SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:703894. [PMID: 34434108 PMCID: PMC8381221 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.703894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the impact of carnosic acid (CA) from rosemary on the levodopa (L-dopa)-induced dyskinesia (LID) in rats treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). To establish the model of LID, 6-OHDA-lesioned rats were injected intraperitoneally with 30 mg/kg L-dopa once a day for 36 days. Rats were daily administrated with 3 or 15 mg/kg CA by oral intubation prior to L-dopa injection for 4 days. Rats pretreated with CA had reduced L-dopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and ALO scores (a sum of axial, limb, and orofacial scores). Moreover, the increases of dopamine D1-receptor, p-DARPP-32, ΔFosB, p-ERK1/2, and p-c-Jun ser63, along with the decrease in p-c-Jun ser73, induced by L-dopa in 6-OHDA-treated rats were significantly reversed by pretreatment with CA. In addition, we used the model of SH-SY5Y cells to further examine the neuroprotective mechanisms of CA on L-dopa-induced cytotoxicity. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CA for 18 h, and then co-treated with 400 μM L-dopa for the indicated time points. The results showed that pretreatment of CA attenuated the cell death and nuclear condensation induced by L-dopa. By the immunoblots, the reduction of Bcl-2, p-c-Jun ser73, and parkin and the induction of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, p-ERK1/2, p-c-Jun ser63, and ubiquitinated protein by L-dopa were improved in cells pretreated with CA. In conclusion, CA ameliorates the development of LID via regulating the D1R signaling and prevents L-dopa-induced apoptotic cell death through modulating the ERK1/2-c-Jun and inducing the parkin. This study suggested that CA can be used to alleviate the adverse effects of LID for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Lai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Rei Wu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Haw Tsai
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Duranti G, Maldini M, Crognale D, Horner K, Dimauro I, Sabatini S, Ceci R. Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Upregulates Nrf2/HO-1 Expression and Ameliorates Redox Status in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165041. [PMID: 34443628 PMCID: PMC8400669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a multi-purpose herbal plant with numerous health benefits. In skeletal muscle cells, Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) acts by increasing the oxidative metabolism through the SIRT1-PPARα pathway. SIRT1, besides being a critical energy sensor, is involved in the activation related to redox homeostasis of transcription factors such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2). The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the capacity of MOLE to influence the redox status in C2C12 myotubes through the modulation of the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione levels, Nrf2 and its target gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, as well as enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and transferase (GST). Moreover, the impact of MOLE supplementation on lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage (i.e., TBARS and protein carbonyls) was evaluated. Our results highlight for the first time that MOLE increased not only Nrf2 and HO-1 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner, but also improved glutathione redox homeostasis and the enzyme activities of CAT, SOD, GPx and GST. Therefore, it is intriguing to speculate that MOLE supplementation could represent a valuable nutrition for the health of skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Duranti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 6, 00135 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3673-3589; Fax: +39-06-3673-3479
| | | | - Domenico Crognale
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (D.C.); (K.H.)
| | - Katy Horner
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (D.C.); (K.H.)
| | - Ivan Dimauro
- Laboratory of Biology and Human Genetic, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 6, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Sabatini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 6, 00135 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberta Ceci
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma “Foro Italico”, Piazza Lauro de Bosis 6, 00135 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (R.C.)
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Steele JR, Strange N, Rodgers KJ, Padula MP. A Novel Method for Creating a Synthetic L-DOPA Proteome and In Vitro Evidence of Incorporation. Proteomes 2021; 9:24. [PMID: 34073856 PMCID: PMC8162537 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinopathies are protein misfolding diseases that have an underlying factor that affects the conformation of proteoforms. A factor hypothesised to play a role in these diseases is the incorporation of non-protein amino acids into proteins, with a key example being the therapeutic drug levodopa. The presence of levodopa as a protein constituent has been explored in several studies, but it has not been examined in a global proteomic manner. This paper provides a proof-of-concept method for enzymatically creating levodopa-containing proteins using the enzyme tyrosinase and provides spectral evidence of in vitro incorporation in addition to the induction of the unfolded protein response due to levodopa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Ricky Steele
- Proteomics Core Facility and School of Life Sciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
- Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Life Sciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Natalie Strange
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Kenneth J. Rodgers
- Neurotoxin Research Group, School of Life Sciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Matthew P. Padula
- Proteomics Core Facility and School of Life Sciences, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia;
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Physiopathology and Pharmacological Treatment with Pro- and Antioxidant Properties in Chronic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2082145. [PMID: 32774665 PMCID: PMC7396016 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2082145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has the ability to damage different molecules and cellular structures, altering the correct function of organs and systems. OS accumulates in the body by endogenous and exogenous mechanisms. Increasing evidence points to the involvement of OS in the physiopathology of various chronic diseases that require prolonged periods of pharmacological treatment. Long-term treatments may contribute to changes in systemic OS. In this review, we discuss the involvement of OS in the pathological mechanisms of some chronic diseases, the pro- or antioxidant effects of their pharmacological treatments, and possible adjuvant antioxidant alternatives. Diseases such as high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic treatments help reduce the risk with an additional antioxidant benefit. Treatment with methotrexate in autoimmune systemic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, has a dual role in stimulating the production of OS and producing mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it can also help indirectly decrease the systemic OS induced by inflammation. Medicaments used to treat neurodegenerative diseases tend to decrease the mechanisms related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and balance OS. On the other hand, immunosuppressive treatments used in cancer or human immunodeficiency virus infection increase the production of ROS, causing significant oxidative damage in different organs and systems without widely documented exogenous antioxidant administration alternatives.
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Teixeira FG, Vilaça-Faria H, Domingues AV, Campos J, Salgado AJ. Preclinical Comparison of Stem Cells Secretome and Levodopa Application in a 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020315. [PMID: 32012897 PMCID: PMC7072263 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by the massive loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to the appearance of several motor impairments. Current pharmacological treatments, such as the use of levodopa, are yet unable to cure the disease. Therefore, there is a need for novel strategies, particularly those that can combine in an integrated manner neuroprotection and neuroregeneration properties. In vitro and in vivo models have recently revealed that the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) holds a promising potential for treating PD, given its effects on neural survival, proliferation, differentiation. In the present study, we aimed to access the impact of human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs) secretome in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) PD model when compared to levodopa administration, by addressing animals' motor performance, and substantia nigra (SN), and striatum (STR) histological parameters by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression. Results revealed that hBM-MSCs secretome per se appears to be a modulator of the dopaminergic system, enhancing TH-positive cells expression (e.g., dopaminergic neurons) and terminals both in the SN and STR when compared to the untreated group 6-OHDA. Such finding was positively correlated with a significant amelioration of the motor outcomes of 6-OHDA PD animals (assessed by the staircase test). Thus, the present findings support hBM-MSCs secretome administration as a potential therapeutic tool in treating PD, and although we suggest candidate molecules (Trx1, SEMA7A, UCHL1, PEDF, BDNF, Clusterin, SDF-1, CypA, CypB, Cys C, VEGF, DJ-1, Gal-1, GDNF, CDH2, IL-6, HSP27, PRDX1, UBE3A, MMP-2, and GDN) and possible mechanisms of hBM-MSCs secretome-mediated effects, further detailed studies are needed to carefully and clearly define which players may be responsible for its therapeutic actions. By doing so, it will be reasonable to presume that potential treatments that can, per se, or in combination modulate or slow PD may lead to a rational design of new therapeutic or adjuvant strategies for its functional modeling and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio G. Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.V.-F.); (J.C.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: (F.G.T.); (A.J.S.); Tel.: +351-253-60-48-71 (F.G.T.); +351-253-60-49-47 (A.J.S.)
| | - Helena Vilaça-Faria
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.V.-F.); (J.C.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana V. Domingues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.V.-F.); (J.C.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jonas Campos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.V.-F.); (J.C.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J. Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.V.-F.); (J.C.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: (F.G.T.); (A.J.S.); Tel.: +351-253-60-48-71 (F.G.T.); +351-253-60-49-47 (A.J.S.)
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14
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Kabel AM, Omar MS, Alhadhrami A, Alharthi SS, Alrobaian MM. Linagliptin potentiates the effect of l-dopa on the behavioural, biochemical and immunohistochemical changes in experimentally-induced Parkinsonism: Role of toll-like receptor 4, TGF-β1, NF-κB and glucagon-like peptide 1. Physiol Behav 2018; 188:108-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Sztanke M, Kandefer-Szerszeń M, Sztanke K. Biologically and chemically important hydrazino-containing imidazolines as antioxidant agents. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:685-697. [PMID: 29642746 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1464655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biologically and chemically useful hydrazinoimidazolines were evaluated as antioxidant and antihaemolytic agents. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), galvinoxyl radical (GOR), nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging assays, ferric ions reducing power assay, and ex vivo model of rat erythrocytes exposed to 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride (AAPH) or H2O2 were used. The most potent DPPH• scavengers proved to be hydrazinoimidazolines 3, 2, and 4, revealing excellent antiradical effects - superior or comparable to that of all antioxidant standards used. Moreover, these molecules showed strong NO neutralising potencies - better to that of ascorbic acid (AA) (3), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) (3 and 2), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (3 and 2), and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (3, 2, and 4). Compound 4 was also effective in GOR scavenging. The excellent scavenger of GOR, NO, and H2O2 proved to be structure 5, with the potency superior or comparable to the majority of antioxidant standards used. In turn, compound 9 was effective in H2O2 and GOR neutralisation. All hydrazinoimidazolines revealed the reducing power that is higher than BHT. Moreover, the protective effects of most test compounds on oxidatively stressed erythrocytes were observed. Some structure-activity relationships were disclosed. A significance of the primary hydrazino group on antioxidant effects was confirmed. The most likely DPPH• and GOR scavenging mechanisms for test compounds were propound. Among all the investigated molecules, hydrazinoimidazolines 5, 3, 2, 4, and 9, due to their excellent or good antiradical activities, can represent promising antioxidant candidates with prospective utility for prevention of diseases related to reactive oxygen/nitrogen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Sztanke
- a Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry , Medical University , Lublin , Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Sztanke
- c Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis and Analysis, Department of Medical Chemistry , Medical University , Lublin , Poland
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16
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Colamartino M, Duranti G, Ceci R, Sabatini S, Testa A, Cozzi R. A multi-biomarker analysis of the antioxidant efficacy of Parkinson's disease therapy. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 47:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Duranti G, Ceci R, Patrizio F, Sgrò P, Di Luigi L, Sabatini S, Felici F, Bazzucchi I. Chronic consumption of quercetin reduces erythrocytes oxidative damage: Evaluation at resting and after eccentric exercise in humans. Nutr Res 2017. [PMID: 29540274 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The polyphenolic flavonoid quercetin has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant, in vitro and in murine models. However, its effect on redox status has been poorly examined in humans, particularly in combination with strenuous exercise. We hypothesized that quercetin supplementation would beneficially affect redox homeostasis in healthy individuals undergoing eccentric exercise. To test this hypothesis, the effects of chronic consumption of quercetin on glutathione system (reduced, oxidized, and reduced to oxidized glutathione ratio), oxidative damage [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)], antioxidant enzymatic network (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) and resistance to lysis, were investigated in erythrocytes, a traditional model widely used to study the effects of oxidative stress as well as the protective effects of antioxidants. In a two weeks controlled, randomized, crossover, intervention trial, 14 individuals ingested 2 caps (1 g/d) of quercetin or placebo. Blood samples were collected before, after 2 weeks of supplementation and after a bout of eccentric exercise. Quercetin, reduced significantly erythrocytes lipid peroxidation levels and the susceptibility to hemolysis induced by the free radical generator AAPH, while no differences in antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione homeostasis were found between the two groups. After a single bout of eccentric exercise, quercetin supplementation improved redox status as assessed by reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio analysis and reduced TBARs levels both in erythrocytes and plasma. In conclusion, our study provides evidences that chronic quercetin supplementation has antioxidant potential prior to and after a strenuous eccentric exercise thus making the erythrocytes capable to better cope with an oxidative insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Duranti
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Ceci
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Patrizio
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Sgrò
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Sabatini
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Felici
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Bazzucchi
- Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Rome, Italy
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18
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Fedorova TN, Logvinenko AA, Poleshchuk VV, Illarioshkin SN. The state of systemic oxidative stress during Parkinson’s disease. NEUROCHEM J+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712417040031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Song J, Kim BC, Nguyen DTT, Samidurai M, Choi SM. Levodopa (L-DOPA) attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress response and cell death signaling through DRD2 in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells under α-synuclein-induced toxicity. Neuroscience 2017; 358:336-348. [PMID: 28687316 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the formation of Lewy bodies (LBs) in dopaminergic neurons. α-Synuclein (α-syn), a major protein component of LBs, is known to regulate synaptic plasticity, with a crucial role in memory and motor function in the central nervous system. Levodopa (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; also known as L-DOPA) is considered the most effective medication for controlling the symptoms of PD. However, it is unclear whether L-DOPA improves the neuropathology of PD. In the present study, we investigated the effect of L-DOPA on SH-SY5Y neuronal cells under α-syn-induced toxicity. We assessed the protein and mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death markers using western blot analysis and reverse transcription-PCR. Our data showed that L-DOPA could attenuate ER stress markers, including the levels of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), C/EBPhomologous protein expression (CHOP), immunoglobulin-heavy-chain-binding protein (BiP), sliced X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP-1), and reduce nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling through dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells under α-syn-induced toxicity. In conclusion, we suggest that L-DOPA may attenuate the neuropathology of PD by regulating signaling related to DRD2 in neuronal cells under α-syn-induced toxicity. Our study, therefore, indicates an additional role for L-DOPA in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Dai-Trang T Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Manikandan Samidurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
| | - Seong-Min Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea.
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20
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Li L, Shi L, Liu H, Luo Q, Huang C, Liu W, Chen X, Zeng W, Chen Z. Changes in blood anti-oxidation enzyme levels in MPTP-treated monkeys. Neurosci Lett 2017; 649:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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21
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Duranti G, Ceci R, Sgrò P, Sabatini S, Di Luigi L. Influence of the PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil on redox status and antioxidant defense system in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:389-396. [PMID: 28283895 PMCID: PMC5425369 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is), widely known for their beneficial effects onto male erectile dysfunction, seem to exert favorable effects onto metabolism as well. Tadalafil exposure increases oxidative metabolism of C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. A rise in fatty acid (FA) metabolism, requiring more oxygen, could induce a larger reactive oxygen species (ROS) release as a byproduct thus leading to a redox imbalance. The aim of this study was to determine how PDE5I tadalafil influences redox status in skeletal muscle cells to match the increasing oxidative metabolism. To this purpose, differentiated C2C12 skeletal muscle cells were treated with tadalafil and analyzed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione levels as marker of redox status; enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) engaged in antioxidant defense; and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (PrCar) as markers of oxidative damage. Tadalafil increased total intracellular glutathione (tGSH), CAT, SOD, and GPx enzymatic activities while no changes were found in TAC. A perturbation of redox status, as showed by the decrease in the ratio between reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), was observed. Nevertheless, it did not cause any change in TBARS and PrCar levels probably due to the enhancement in the antioxidant enzymatic network. Taken together, these data indicate that tadalafil, besides improving oxidative metabolism, may be beneficial to skeletal muscle cells by enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant system capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmo Duranti
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Ceci
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro de Bosis, 6, I-00135, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Sgrò
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology, Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Sabatini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Biology, Genetics and Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Unit of Endocrinology, Università degli Studi di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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22
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Bonilla-Ramírez L, Jiménez-Del-Río M, Vélez-Pardo C. Glucose promotes resistance in lymphocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through signaling and metabolic pathways. Implications for Parkinson’s disease. IATREIA 2017. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.iatreia.v30n2a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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23
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Serum glutathione peroxidase, xanthine oxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities and malondialdehyde levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurol Sci 2016; 38:425-431. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2782-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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24
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Teema AM, Zaitone SA, Moustafa YM. Ibuprofen or piroxicam protects nigral neurons and delays the development of l-dopa induced dyskinesia in rats with experimental Parkinsonism: Influence on angiogenesis. Neuropharmacology 2016; 107:432-450. [PMID: 27016022 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and angiogenesis have been involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigated the effect of ibuprofen or piroxicam on the motor response to l-dopa and development of dyskinesia in Parkinsonian rats focusing on the anti-angiogenic role of the two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Rats were divided into nine groups as follows: Group I: the vehicle group, Group II: rotenone group, rats were injected with nine doses of rotenone (1 mg/kg/48 h), group III&IV: rats received rotenone + ibuprofen (10 or 30 mg/kg), Group V-VI: rats received rotenone + piroxicam (1 or 3 mg/kg), Group VII: rats received rotenone + l-dopa/carbidopa (100/10 mg/kg), Group VIII-IX: rats received rotenone + l-dopa/carbidopa + ibuprofen (30 mg/kg) or piroxicam (3 mg/kg). In general, drugs were administered daily for ten weeks. Rotenone-treated rats showed motor dysfunction, lower striatal dopamine, lower staining for nigral tyrosine hydroxylase but higher level of striatal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared to vehicle-treated rats (P < 0.05). Treatment with l-dopa showed wearing-off over the course of the experiment in addition to development of abnormal involuntary movements and upregulated striatal VEGF level. Treatment with ibuprofen or piroxicam in combination with l-dopa preserved the effect of l-dopa at the end of week 10, delayed the development of dyskinesia and decreased striatal COX-2 and VEGF levels. In conclusion, the current study suggests that ibuprofen and piroxicam are promising candidates for neuroprotection in PD and may have utility in conjunction with l-dopa in order to ensure the longevity of its action and to delay the development of dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sawsan A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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25
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Basso E, Regazzo G, Fiore M, Palma V, Traversi G, Testa A, Degrassi F, Cozzi R. Resveratrol affects DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation in human lymphocytes in vitro. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 806:40-6. [PMID: 27476334 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene; RSV) acts on cancer cells in several ways, inducing cell cycle delay and apoptotic death, and enhancing ionizing radiation (IR)-mediated responses. However, fewer studies have examined RSV effects on normal cells. We have treated human lymphocytes in vitro with RSV, either alone or combined with IR, to evaluate its potential use as a radioprotector. We measured the effects of RSV on induction of DNA damage, repair kinetics, and modulation of histone deacetylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Basso
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università "Roma TRE", Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Regazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università "Roma TRE", Roma, Italy
| | - Mario Fiore
- Istituto di Biologia Molecolare e Patologia, CNR, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Palma
- Sezione di Tossicologia e Scienze Biomediche, ENEA, Casaccia Roma, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Testa
- Sezione di Tossicologia e Scienze Biomediche, ENEA, Casaccia Roma, Italy
| | | | - Renata Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università "Roma TRE", Roma, Italy.
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26
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Escriche-Tur L, Corbella M, Font-Bardia M, Castro I, Bonneviot L, Albela B. Biomimetic Mn-Catalases Based on Dimeric Manganese Complexes in Mesoporous Silica for Potential Antioxidant Agent. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:10111-25. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Escriche-Tur
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | | | | | - Isabel Castro
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático
José Beltrán 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Laurent Bonneviot
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Belén Albela
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Sosa PM, Schimidt HL, Altermann C, Vieira AS, Cibin FWS, Carpes FP, Mello-Carpes PB. Physical exercise prevents motor disorders and striatal oxidative imbalance after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26222650 PMCID: PMC4568807 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide, and most stroke survivors present some functional impairment. We assessed the striatal oxidative balance and motor alterations resulting from stroke in a rat model to investigate the neuroprotective role of physical exercise. Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 groups: a) control, b) ischemia, c) physical exercise, and d) physical exercise and ischemia. Physical exercise was conducted using a treadmill for 8 weeks. Ischemia-reperfusion surgery involved transient bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for 30 min. Neuromotor performance (open-field and rotarod performance tests) and pain sensitivity were evaluated beginning at 24 h after the surgery. Rats were euthanized and the corpora striata was removed for assay of reactive oxygen species, lipoperoxidation activity, and antioxidant markers. Ischemia-reperfusion caused changes in motor activity. The ischemia-induced alterations observed in the open-field test were fully reversed, and those observed in the rotarod test were partially reversed, by physical exercise. Pain sensitivity was similar among all groups. Levels of reactive oxygen species and lipoperoxidation increased after ischemia; physical exercise decreased reactive oxygen species levels. None of the treatments altered the levels of antioxidant markers. In summary, ischemia-reperfusion resulted in motor impairment and altered striatal oxidative balance in this animal model, but those changes were moderated by physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Sosa
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - H L Schimidt
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neuromecânica Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - C Altermann
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - A S Vieira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - F W S Cibin
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - F P Carpes
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neuromecânica Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
| | - P B Mello-Carpes
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, BR
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