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Mujamammi AH, Al-Hamdan R, Sabi EM, Aldosari ZA, Shadid AM, Shadid A, Alagla S, Humaid HS, Abozaid T, Azzam N. The Relevance of Food Constituents to the Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Rome IV-Based Prevalence Study Among Medical Students. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2023; 34:859-865. [PMID: 37485558 PMCID: PMC10544096 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2023.22490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome is prevalent in the general population. This study investigates the association between dietary intake and irritable bowel syndrome in medical college students at King Saud University besides its prevalence. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is an analytical cross-sectional study of 426 students (271 males and 155 females, age 21.21 ± 1.58 years) from 5 academic levels of King Saud University Medical College. A self-reported questionnaire for Rome IV criteria was completed by each participant. They also filled out a food frequency questionnaire to assess their nutritional intake. RESULTS The overall prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome was 17.8% without correlation to age and academic year in Medical School. However, the prevalence was higher in females than in males (40/115 vs. 36/235, P = .001). The irritable bowel syndrome group consumed significantly more energy, carbohydrates, and saturated fatty acids, while the non-irritable bowel syndrome group consumed significantly more fibers and niacin (P < .001 and P = .005, respectively). CONCLUSION About 17.8% of medical students had irritable bowel syndrome with a greater prevalence in females. The irritable bowel syndrome group consumed significantly more energy, carbohydrates, and saturated fatty acids, while the non-irritable bowel syndrome group consumed significantly more fibers and niacin. Our results did not show any significant association between irritable bowel syndrome and fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol intake. Overall, both groups were not adhering to the Saudi dietary recommended intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Mujamammi
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, King Saud University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Al-Hamdan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, King Saudi University Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa M. Sabi
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, King Saud University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zyad A. Aldosari
- Department of MedicineKing Saudi University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Shadid
- Department of MedicineKing Saudi University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Shadid
- Department of MedicineKing Saudi University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Alagla
- Department of MedicineKing Saudi University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hameed S. Humaid
- Department of MedicineKing Saudi University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Abozaid
- Department of MedicineKing Saudi University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Azzam
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, King Saud University Faculty of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Effect of electroacupuncture on gut microbiota and related inflammatory factors in rats with Crohn disease. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-023-1365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Li Y, Li YR, Jin Y, Li MY, Zhang Q, Cao J, Li F, Zhang H, Chen J, Li YQ. Involvement of enteric glial cells in colonic motility in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 128:102235. [PMID: 36669707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is one of the important systems that regulate gastrointestinal function. The ENS is made up of enteric glial cells (EGCs) and neurons. For a long time, it was believed that the function of EGCs was only to give structural support to neurons. However, recent evidence indicates EGCs are involved in most gut functions, including the development and plasticity of the ENS, epithelial barrier, and motility. However, it remains unclear whether EGCs have the potential to modify colonic motility following irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D). This study aimed to investigate changes in EGCs during IBS-D and assessed the effects of manipulating EGCs. An IBS-D rat model was constructed using acetic acid and restraint stress, and DL-fluorocitric acid (FC), an inhibitor of EGCs, was administered. The changes in EGCs and colonic motility were studied by employing techniques comprising morphological, molecular biological and functional experiments. The results showed significant activation of EGCs in the myenteric plexus (MP) of the IBS-D-induced rat colon with accelerated colonic motility. FC significantly reduced the activation of EGCs and colonic motility caused by acetic acid and restraint stress. Hypercontraction of the colon caused by IBS-D may be associated with activation of EGCs in the MP of the colon and this was prevented by FC. Therefore, regulating colon hypercontraction through interference with the activation of EGCs has significant prospects for clinical application to alleviate diarrhea in patients with IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China; Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Yan-Rong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Yuan Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Meng-Ying Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Preclinical Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Yun-Qing Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China; Department of Human Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China; Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
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Feng Y, Hang L, Zhou Y, Jiang FR, Yuan JY. Gut microbiota plays a role in irritable bowel syndrome by regulating 5-HT metabolism. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:941-949. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i21.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. Brain-gut-microbiota axis dysfunction is an important pathogenic factor for IBS, in which neurotransmitters and gut microbes play key roles. The gastrointestinal tract contains large amounts of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), a neurotransmitter that has been strongly linked to IBS-related symptoms. More than 90% of serotonin is synthesized in the gut by enterochromaffin cells (ECs), and certain intestinal flora can affect the occurrence and development of IBS by regulating 5-HT and its metabolism. In this review, we will discuss the role of gut microbiota in IBS by regulating 5-HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Feng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Hang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ru Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Ye Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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El‐Salhy M, Mazzawi T, Hausken T, Hatlebakk JG. Irritable bowel syndrome patients who are not likely to respond to fecal microbiota transplantation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14353. [PMID: 35302268 PMCID: PMC9539588 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) interventions have recently been advocated to not succeed in every irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patient, since the outcome of FMT varies with the IBS subset. This study investigated the factors potentially affecting FMT response using the same patient cohort used in our previous study. METHODS This study included 109 patients who received allogenic FMT. Patients completed five questionnaires that assessed their symptoms and quality of life at baseline and at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months after FMT. Patients also provided fecal samples at baseline and 1 month after FMT. The fecal bacterial profile and dysbiosis index (DI) were determined using 16S rRNA gene PCR DNA amplification covering variable genes V3-V9. Response to FMT was defined as a decrease of ≥50 points in the total IBS-SSS score after FMT. RESULTS An IBS patient's response or nonresponse to FMT was not determined by age, IBS duration, IBS subtype, IBS symptoms, fatigue, quality of life, or DI. There were more male nonresponders than responders, and the fluorescence signals of Alistipes were lower in nonresponders than in responders. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that IBS patients who are male and/or have low fecal Alistipes levels are most likely to not respond to FMT treatment. Whether low fecal Alistipes levels could be used as a marker for predicting the outcome of FMT remains to be determined. www. CLINICALTRIALS gov (NCT03822299).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdy El‐Salhy
- Department of MedicineStord HospitalStordNorway,Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Tarek Mazzawi
- Department of MedicineFaculty of MedicineAl‐Balqa Applied UniversitySaltJordan
| | - Trygve Hausken
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
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Sámano R, Esparza-Juárez F, Chico-Barba G, González-Medina E, Sánchez-Jiménez B, Hernández-Trejo M. Association of Diet, Body Mass Index, and Lifestyle on the Gastrointestinal Health Risk in a Sample of Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10569. [PMID: 36078285 PMCID: PMC9518024 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal functional disorders are characterized by abnormalities in motility with visceral hypersensitivity, representing a global public health problem. We aimed to determine whether eating habits, lifestyle characteristics, and body mass index (BMI) are associated with gastrointestinal health risk. The Gastrointestinal Health (GIH) test of the World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) and the Roma IV criteria were applied. We obtained information on food consumption habits and aerobic exercise, among other variables. Not exercising regularly, drinking water and eating vegetables less than recommended, having high body weight, and taking symptomatic medication were variables that explained 73% of the probabilities of not having good GIH (R2 = 0.734). According to Rome IV criteria, women had a 50% higher risk than men of having functional bowel disorder (RR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.45). Among the men studied, eating few or no vegetables and drinking less than 1 L of water daily was more frequent; however, the women had significantly more intestinal symptoms. In addition, constipation was higher among women than men (p = 0.020). All of the above explains the prognostic value of eating habits and the importance of paying attention to body weight to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyna Sámano
- Coordinacion de Nutricion y Bioprogramacion, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Programa de Posgrado Doctorado en Ciencias Biologicas y de la Salud, Division de Ciencias Biologicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | | | - Gabriela Chico-Barba
- Coordinacion de Nutricion y Bioprogramacion, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Escuela de Enfermeria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City 03920, Mexico
| | | | - Bernarda Sánchez-Jiménez
- Coordinacion de Nutricion y Bioprogramacion, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - María Hernández-Trejo
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
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Shrestha B, Patel D, Shah H, Hanna KS, Kaur H, Alazzeh MS, Thandavaram A, Channar A, Purohit A, Venugopal S. The Role of Gut-Microbiota in the Pathophysiology and Therapy of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e28064. [PMID: 36127988 PMCID: PMC9477602 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Singh R, Zogg H, Ghoshal UC, Ro S. Current Treatment Options and Therapeutic Insights for Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:808195. [PMID: 35145413 PMCID: PMC8822166 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.808195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) have been re-named as disorders of gut-brain interactions. These conditions are not only common in clinical practice, but also in the community. In reference to the Rome IV criteria, the most common FGIDs, include functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Additionally, there is substantial overlap of these disorders and other specific gastrointestinal motility disorders, such as gastroparesis. These disorders are heterogeneous and are intertwined with several proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, such as altered gut motility, intestinal barrier dysfunction, gut immune dysfunction, visceral hypersensitivity, altered GI secretion, presence and degree of bile acid malabsorption, microbial dysbiosis, and alterations to the gut-brain axis. The treatment options currently available include lifestyle modifications, dietary and gut microbiota manipulation interventions including fecal microbiota transplantation, prokinetics, antispasmodics, laxatives, and centrally and peripherally acting neuromodulators. However, treatment that targets the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the symptoms are scanty. Pharmacological agents that are developed based on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying pathologies of these disorders might provide the best avenue for future pharmaceutical development. The currently available therapies lack long-term effectiveness and safety for their use to treat motility disorders and FGIDs. Furthermore, the fundamental challenges in treating these disorders should be defined; for instance, 1. Cause and effect cannot be disentangled between symptoms and pathophysiological mechanisms due to current therapies that entail the off-label use of medications to treat symptoms. 2. Despite the knowledge that the microbiota in our gut plays an essential part in maintaining gut health, their exact functions in gut homeostasis are still unclear. What constitutes a healthy microbiome and further, the precise definition of gut microbial dysbiosis is lacking. More comprehensive, large-scale, and longitudinal studies utilizing multi-omics data are needed to dissect the exact contribution of gut microbial alterations in disease pathogenesis. Accordingly, we review the current treatment options, clinical insight on pathophysiology, therapeutic modalities, current challenges, and therapeutic clues for the clinical care and management of functional dyspepsia, gastroparesis, irritable bowel syndrome, functional constipation, and functional diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Hannah Zogg
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- *Correspondence: Uday C Ghoshal, ; Seungil Ro,
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
- *Correspondence: Uday C Ghoshal, ; Seungil Ro,
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