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Soni UK, Jenny L, Hegde RS. IGF-1R targeting in cancer - does sub-cellular localization matter? J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:273. [PMID: 37858153 PMCID: PMC10588251 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) was among the most intensively pursued kinase targets in oncology. However, even after a slew of small-molecule and antibody therapeutics reached clinical trials for a range of solid tumors, the initial promise remains unfulfilled. Mechanisms of resistance to, and toxicities resulting from, IGF-1R-targeted drugs are well-catalogued, and there is general appreciation of the fact that a lack of biomarker-based patient stratification was a limitation of previous clinical trials. But no next-generation therapeutic strategies have yet successfully exploited this understanding in the clinic.Currently there is emerging interest in re-visiting IGF-1R targeted therapeutics in combination-treatment protocols with predictive biomarker-driven patient-stratification. One such biomarker that emerged from early clinical trials is the sub-cellular localization of IGF-1R. After providing some background on IGF-1R, its drugging history, and the trials that led to the termination of drug development for this target, we look more deeply into the correlation between sub-cellular localization of IGF-1R and susceptibility to various classes of IGF-1R - targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra K Soni
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Liam Jenny
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rashmi S Hegde
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Giacomozzi C, Martin A, Fernández MC, Gutiérrez M, Iascone M, Domené HM, Dominici FP, Bergadá I, Cangiano B, Persani L, Pennisi PA. Novel Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Gene Mutation: Broadening of the Phenotype and Implications for Insulin Resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 108:1355-1369. [PMID: 36546343 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)1 gene mutations are extremely rare causes of pre- and post-natal growth retardation. Phenotype can be heterogenous with varying degrees of neurosensory deafness, cognitive defects, glucose metabolism impairment and short stature. This study describes a 12.6-year-old girl presenting severe short stature and insulin resistance, but with normal hearing and neurological development at the lower limit of normal. METHODS DNA was obtained from the proband and both parents for whole exome sequencing (WES). In silico analysis was performed to predict the impact of the IGF1 variant on IGF1 and insulin receptors (IGF1R and IR) signalling. Phosphorylation of the IGF1R at activating Tyr residues and cell proliferation analyses were used to assess the ability of each subject's IGF1 to bind and activate IGF1R. RESULTS The proband had low immunoreactive IGF1 in serum and WES revealed a novel homozygous IGF1 missense variant (c.247A > T), causing a change of serine 83 for cysteine (p.Ser83Cys; p.Ser35Cys in mature peptide). The proband's parents were heterozygous for this mutation. In silico analyses indicated the pathogenic potential of the variant with electrostatic variations with the potential of hampering the interaction with the IGF1R but strengthening the binding to IR. The mutant IGF1 protein had a significantly reduced activity on in vitro bioassays. MAIN CONCLUSIONS We describe a novel IGF1 mutation leading to severe loss of circulating IGF1 immunoreactivity and bioactivity, In silico modelling predicts that the mutant IGF1 could interfere with IR signalling, providing a possible explanation for the severe insulin resistance observed in the patient. The absence of significant hearing and neurodevelopmental involvement in the present case is unusual and broadens the clinical spectrum of IGF1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Giacomozzi
- Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Carlo Poma Hospital, ASST-Mantova, Mantua, Italy
| | - Ayelen Martin
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celia Fernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Iascone
- Department of Medical Genetics, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Horacio M Domené
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando P Dominici
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Biológica (IQUIFIB-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Bergadá
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Biagio Cangiano
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Patricia A Pennisi
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE) CONICET - FEI - División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Werner H, LeRoith D. Hallmarks of cancer: The insulin-like growth factors perspective. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1055589. [PMID: 36479090 PMCID: PMC9720135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1055589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of a series of attributes or hallmarks that are shared by virtually all cancer cells constitutes a true milestone in cancer research. The conceptualization of a catalogue of common genetic, molecular, biochemical and cellular events under a unifying Hallmarks of Cancer idea had a major impact in oncology. Furthermore, the fact that different types of cancer, ranging from pediatric tumors and leukemias to adult epithelial cancers, share a large number of fundamental traits reflects the universal nature of the biological events involved in oncogenesis. The dissection of a complex disease like cancer into a finite directory of hallmarks is of major basic and translational relevance. The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) as a progression/survival factor required for normal cell cycle transition has been firmly established. Similarly well characterized are the biochemical and cellular activities of IGF1 and IGF2 in the chain of events leading from a phenotypically normal cell to a diseased one harboring neoplastic traits, including growth factor independence, loss of cell-cell contact inhibition, chromosomal abnormalities, accumulation of mutations, activation of oncogenes, etc. The purpose of the present review is to provide an in-depth evaluation of the biology of IGF1 at the light of paradigms that emerge from analysis of cancer hallmarks. Given the fact that the IGF1 axis emerged in recent years as a promising therapeutic target, we believe that a careful exploration of this signaling system might be of critical importance on our ability to design and optimize cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Martin A, Fernandez MC, Cattaneo ER, Schuster CD, Venara M, Clément F, Berenstein A, Lombardi MG, Bergadá I, Gutierrez M, Martí MA, Gonzalez-Baro MR, Pennisi PA. Type 1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Nuclear Localization in High-Grade Glioma Cells Enhances Motility, Metabolism, and In Vivo Tumorigenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:849279. [PMID: 35574033 PMCID: PMC9094447 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.849279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent solid tumors in children. Among these, high-grade gliomas are less common in children than in adults, though they are similar in their aggressive clinical behavior. In adults, glioblastoma is the most lethal tumor of the central nervous system. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) plays an important role in cancer biology, and its nuclear localization has been described as an adverse prognostic factor in different tumors. Previously, we have demonstrated that, in pediatric gliomas, IGF1R nuclear localization is significantly associated with high-grade tumors, worst clinical outcome, and increased risk of death. Herein we explore the role of IGF1R intracellular localization by comparing two glioblastoma cell lines that differ only in their IGF1R capacity to translocate to the nucleus. In vitro, IGF1R nuclear localization enhances glioblastoma cell motility and metabolism without affecting their proliferation. In vivo, IGF1R has the capacity to translocate to the nucleus and allows not only a higher proliferation rate and the earlier development of tumors but also renders the cells sensitive to OSI906 therapy. With this work, we provide evidence supporting the implications of the presence of IGF1R in the nucleus of glioma cells and a potential therapeutic opportunity for patients harboring gliomas with IGF1R nuclear localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelen Martin
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celia Fernandez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth R. Cattaneo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudio D. Schuster
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Venara
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Clément
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Berenstein
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas, CONICET, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ignacio Bergadá
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gutierrez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo A. Martí
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María R. Gonzalez-Baro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricia A. Pennisi
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Patricia A. Pennisi,
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Werner H, Sarfstein R, Laron Z. The Role of Nuclear Insulin and IGF1 Receptors in Metabolism and Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040531. [PMID: 33918477 PMCID: PMC8065599 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin (InsR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1R) receptors mediate the metabolic and growth-promoting actions of insulin and IGF1/IGF2, respectively. Evidence accumulated in recent years indicates that, in addition to their typical cell-surface localization pattern and ligand-activated mechanism of action, InsR and IGF1R are present in the cell nucleus of both normal and transformed cells. Nuclear translocation seems to involve interaction with a small, ubiquitin-like modifier protein (SUMO-1), although this modification is not always a prerequisite. Nuclear InsR and IGF1R exhibit a number of biological activities that classically fit within the definition of transcription factors. These nuclear activities include, among others, sequence-specific DNA binding and transcriptional control. Of particular interest, nuclear IGF1R was capable of binding and stimulating its cognate gene promoter. The physiological relevance of this autoregulatory mechanism needs to be further investigated. In addition to its nuclear localization, studies have identified IGF1R in the Golgi apparatus, and this particular distribution correlated with a migratory phenotype. In summary, the newly described roles of InsR and IGF1R as gene regulators, in concert with their atypical pattern of subcellular distribution, add a further layer of complexity to traditional models of cell signaling. Furthermore, and in view of the emerging role of IGF1R as a potential therapeutic target, a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for nuclear IGF1R transport and identification of IGF1R interactors might help optimize target directed therapies in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
- Shalom and Varda Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Zvi Laron
- Endocrine and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Petah Tikva 49292, Israel;
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Sevoflurane downregulates insulin-like growth factor-1 to inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and trigger apoptosis in glioma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2020; 30:e0744. [PMID: 31305291 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is a new type of inhalation anesthetic used widely in the clinic. It has the characteristics of rapid induction, rapid recovery, and less irritative to the airway. Studies have shown that sevoflurane can affect the invasion and migration of a variety of malignant tumors. However, its effects on human glioma cells and related mechanisms are not clear. Cultured U251 and U87 cells were pretreated with sevoflurane. The effect of sevoflurane on proliferation was evaluated by MTT, and cell migration assay, cell apoptosis, and invasion ability were evaluated by wound-healing assay, cell apoptosis, and Transwell assays. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway gene expression in sevoflurane-treated cell lines was measured by western blotting analysis, respectively. 5% sevoflurane significantly inhibited proliferation ability in both U251 and U87 cells. Sevoflurane inhibited glioma cells invasion and migration, and promoted apoptosis. Sevoflurane inhibited IGF-1 and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in glioma cells. In addition, sevoflurane inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in glioma cells. This study clarifies that sevoflurane inhibits proliferation, invasion, and migration, and promotes apoptosis in glioma cells. These effects are regulated by IGF-1, an upstream gene of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These findings may be significant for the selection of anesthetic agents in glioma surgery to improve the prognosis of patients.
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Chen YM, Qi S, Perrino S, Hashimoto M, Brodt P. Targeting the IGF-Axis for Cancer Therapy: Development and Validation of an IGF-Trap as a Potential Drug. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051098. [PMID: 32365498 PMCID: PMC7290707 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-axis was implicated in cancer progression and identified as a clinically important therapeutic target. Several IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) targeting drugs including humanized monoclonal antibodies have advanced to phase II/III clinical trials, but to date, have not progressed to clinical use, due, at least in part, to interference with insulin receptor signaling and compensatory signaling by the insulin receptor (IR) isoform A that can bind IGF-II and initiate mitogenic signaling. Here we briefly review the current state of IGF-targeting biologicals, discuss some factors that may be responsible for their poor performance in the clinic and outline the stepwise bioengineering and validation of an IGF-Trap—a novel anti-cancer therapeutic that could bypass these limitations. The IGF-Trap is a heterotetramer, consisting of the entire extracellular domain of the IGF-IR fused to the Fc portion of human IgG1. It binds human IGF-I and IGF-II with a three-log higher affinity than insulin and could inhibit IGF-IR driven cellular functions such as survival, proliferation and invasion in multiple carcinoma cell models in vitro. In vivo, the IGF-Trap has favorable pharmacokinetic properties and could markedly reduce metastatic outgrowth of colon and lung carcinoma cells in the liver, outperforming IGF-IR and ligand-binding monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, IGF-Trap dose-response profiles correlate with their bio-availability profiles, as measured by the IGF kinase receptor-activation (KIRA) assay, providing a novel, surrogate biomarker for drug efficacy. Our studies identify the IGF-Trap as a potent, safe, anti-cancer therapeutic that could overcome some of the obstacles encountered by IGF-targeting biologicals that have already been evaluated in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhsuan Michely Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Shu Qi
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Stephanie Perrino
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Masakazu Hashimoto
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Pnina Brodt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-514-934-1934
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