1
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Huang G, Chen L, Lin Y, Tang F, Huang H, Chen Q, Cui L, Xu F, Shen C. Comparative proteomic analysis of retinal hypoxia-ischemia in an acute ocular hypertension model using tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics. Exp Eye Res 2024; 247:110063. [PMID: 39216638 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The main symptom of acute glaucoma is acute ocular hypertension (AOH), which leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and permanent loss of vision. However, effective treatments for these conditions are lacking. This study aimed to identify major regulators and overall protein changes involved in AOH-induced RGC death. Proteomic patterns of the retinal protein extracts from the AOH and sham groups were analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS), followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Proteomic analysis revealed 92 proteins in the AOH group compared to the control group; 58 proteins were upregulated and 34 were downregulated. Alterations in fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7) and caveolin-1 (Cav-1), which are related to fatty acid metabolism and ocular inflammatory signaling, were detected using western blotting and biochemical assays. Variations in the expression of galectin-1 (Gal-1), S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (S100a6), and visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP) have been associated with neuronal ischemia. Our investigation demonstrates that neuroinflammation and fatty acid metabolism are involved in retinal impairment following AOH, suggesting a possible treatment approach for acute glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyi Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lifei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yunru Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China; Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Fen Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Ling Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chaolan Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Eye Health & Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Related Systemic Diseases Artificial Intelligence Screening Technology &Institute of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, China.
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2
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Yadav A, Liang R, Press K, Schmidt A, Shabani Z, Leng K, Wang C, Sekhar A, Shi J, Devlin GW, Gonzalez TJ, Asokan A, Su H. Evaluation of AAV Capsids and Delivery Approaches for Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Gene Therapy. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01275-4. [PMID: 38977637 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Nosebleeds and intracranial hemorrhage from brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are among the most devastating symptoms of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (HHT). All available managements have limitations. We showed that intravenous (i.v.) delivery of soluble Feline McDonough Sarcoma (FMS)-related tyrosine kinase 1 using an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV9-sFLT1) reduced bAVM severity of endoglin deficient mice. However, minor liver inflammation and growth arrest in young mice were observed. To identify AAV variants and delivery methods that can best transduce brain and nasal tissue with an optimal transduction profile, we compared 3 engineered AAV capsids (AAV.cc47, AAV.cc84, and AAV1RX) with AAV9. A single-stranded CBA promoter driven tdTomato transgene was packaged in these capsids and delivered i.v. or intranasally (i.n.) to wild-type mice. A CMV promoter driven Alk1 transgene was packaged into AAV.cc84 and delivered to PdgfbiCre;Alk1f/f mice through i.v. followed by bAVM induction. Transduced cells in organs, vessel density, abnormal vessels in the bAVMs, and liver inflammation were analyzed histologically. Liver and kidney function were measured enzymatically. Compared to other viral vectors, AAV.cc84, after i.v. delivery, transduced a high percentage of brain endothelial cells (ECs) and few hepatocytes; whereas after i.n. delivery, AAV.cc84 transduced ECs and perivascular cells in the brain, and ECs, epithelial cells, and muscles in the nose with minimum hepatocyte transduction. No changes to liver or kidney function were detected. The delivery of AAV.cc84-Alk1 through i.v. to PdgfbiCre;Alk1f/f mice reduced bAVM severity. In summary, we propose that AAV.cc84-Alk1 is a promising candidate for developing gene therapy in HHT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Yadav
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Rich Liang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Kelly Press
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Annika Schmidt
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Zahra Shabani
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Kun Leng
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Calvin Wang
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Abinav Sekhar
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Joshua Shi
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Garth W Devlin
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Trevor J Gonzalez
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, 2540 23Rd Street, Box 1363, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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3
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Yadav A, Liang R, Press K, Schmidt A, Shabani Z, Leng K, Wang C, Sekhar A, Shi J, Devlin GW, Gonzalez TJ, Asokan A, Su H. Evaluation of Aav Capsids and Delivery Approaches for Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Gene Therapy. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4469011. [PMID: 38947073 PMCID: PMC11213183 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4469011/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Nosebleeds and intracranial hemorrhage from brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are among the most devastating symptoms of patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (HHT). All available managements have limitations. We showed that intravenous delivery of soluble FMS-related tyrosine kinase 1 using an adeno-associated viral vector (AAV9-sFLT1) reduced bAVM severity of endoglin deficient mice. However, minor liver inflammation and growth arrest in young mice were observed. To identify AAV variants and delivery methods that can best transduce brain and nasal tissue with an optimal transduction profile, we compared 3 engineered AAV capsids (AAV.cc47, AAV.cc84 and AAV1RX) with AAV9. A single-stranded CBA promoter driven tdTomato transgene was packaged in these capsids and delivered intravenously (i.v.) or intranasally (i.n.) to wild-type mice. A CMV promoter driven Alk1 transgene was packaged into AAV.cc84 and delivered to PdgfbiCre;Alk1 f/f mice through i.v. injection followed by brain AVM induction. Transduced cells in different organs, vessel density and abnormal vessels in the bAVMs, and liver inflammation were analyzed histologically. Liver and kidney function were measured enzymatically. Compared to other viral vectors, AAV.cc84, after i.v. delivery, transduced a high percentage of brain ECs and few hepatocytes; whereas after i.n. delivery, AAV.cc84 transduced ECs and perivascular cells in the brain, and ECs, epithelial cells, and skeletal muscles in the nose with minimum hepatocyte transduction. No changes to liver or kidney function were detected. Delivery of AAV.cc84-Alk1 through i.v. to PdgfbiCre;Alk1 f/f mice reduced bAVM severity. In summary, we propose that AAV.cc84-Alk1 is a promising candidate for developing gene therapy in HHT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kun Leng
- University of California, San Francisco
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hua Su
- University of California, San Francisco
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4
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Liston A, Pasciuto E, Fitzgerald DC, Yshii L. Brain regulatory T cells. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:326-337. [PMID: 38040953 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The brain, long thought to be isolated from the peripheral immune system, is increasingly recognized to be integrated into a systemic immunological network. These conduits of immune-brain interaction and immunosurveillance processes necessitate the presence of complementary immunoregulatory mechanisms, of which brain regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are likely a key facet. Treg cells represent a dynamic population in the brain, with continual influx, specialization to a brain-residency phenotype and relatively rapid displacement by newly incoming cells. In addition to their functions in suppressing adaptive immunity, an emerging view is that Treg cells in the brain dampen down glial reactivity in response to a range of neurological insults, and directly assist in multiple regenerative and reparative processes during tissue pathology. The utility and malleability of the brain Treg cell population make it an attractive therapeutic target across the full spectrum of neurological conditions, ranging from neuroinflammatory to neurodegenerative and even psychiatric diseases. Therapeutic modalities currently under intense development include Treg cell therapy, IL-2 therapy to boost Treg cell numbers and multiple innovative approaches to couple these therapeutics to brain delivery mechanisms for enhanced potency. Here we review the state of the art of brain Treg cell knowledge together with the potential avenues for future integration into medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Liston
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Emanuela Pasciuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Denise C Fitzgerald
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - Lidia Yshii
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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5
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Zhao J, Zhu R, He F, Wu M, Wu Y, Meng X, Liu X. Neuroprotective effects of galectin‑1 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating oxidative stress. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:154. [PMID: 38476925 PMCID: PMC10928996 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathology of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Galectin-1 has shown an anti-oxidative stress effect. The present study investigated whether this anti-oxidative stress effect can account for the neuroprotective actions of galectin-1 induced by cerebral I/R injury. A cerebral I/R injury model was created in C57Bl/6 mice by transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, after which the mice were treated with galectin-1 for 3 days. Infarct volumes were measured. A rotarod test and neurological deficit score assessment was performed to evaluate the neurological deficits. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), while the anti-oxidative stress status was assessed by measuring molecules such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidation enzyme (GSH-Px) in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere of mice. The inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were measured, and the expression of microglia was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere of mice. Galectin-1 treatment ameliorated neurological deficits and reduced infarct volumes in the mice model with cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, it was demonstrated that galectin-1 can significantly alleviate cerebral I/R injury in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere by decreasing the production of ROS and MDA, but increasing the production of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px. Galectin-1 treatment decreased microglia expression, and IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the ischemic cerebral hemisphere of mice. Galectin-1 could improve the outcome of cerebral I/R injury by alleviating oxidative stress. Moreover, the neuroprotective effect of galectin-1 in cerebral ischemia could be related to its anti-oxidative stress effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Feifei He
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Miao Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Yufu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Neurology, Liaoyuan City Central Hospital, Liaoyuan, Jilin 136200, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing 100095, P.R. China
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6
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Han B, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Chen S, Xi W, Liu C, Zhou X, Yuan M, Yu X, Li L, Wang Y, Ren H, Xie J, Li B, Ju M, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Xiong Z, Shen L, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Chen J, Jiang W, Yao H. Integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to characterize the molecular and cellular architecture of the ischemic mouse brain. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg1323. [PMID: 38324639 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is acknowledged as a pivotal pathological event after cerebral ischemia. However, there is limited knowledge of the molecular and spatial characteristics of nonneuronal cells, as well as of the interactions between cell types in the ischemic brain. Here, we used spatial transcriptomics to study the ischemic hemisphere in mice after stroke and sequenced the transcriptomes of 19,777 spots, allowing us to both visualize the transcriptional landscape within the tissue and identify gene expression profiles linked to specific histologic entities. Cell types identified by single-cell RNA sequencing confirmed and enriched the spatial annotation of ischemia-associated gene expression in the peri-infarct area of the ischemic hemisphere. Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions in cell communication revealed galectin-9 to cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 (LGALS9-CD44) as a critical signaling pathway after ischemic injury and identified microglia and macrophages as the main source of galectins after stroke. Extracellular vesicle-mediated Lgals9 delivery improved the long-term functional recovery in photothrombotic stroke mice. Knockdown of Cd44 partially reversed these therapeutic effects, inhibiting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination. In summary, our study provides a detailed molecular and cellular characterization of the peri-infact area in a murine stroke model and revealed Lgals9 as potential treatment target that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shunheng Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sina Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Wen Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Minzi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongli Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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7
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Sotoudeheian M, Mirahmadi SMS, Pirhayati M, Azarbad R, Nematollahi S, Taghizadeh M, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Understanding the Role of Galectin-1 in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:CCR-EPUB-137063. [PMID: 38192129 PMCID: PMC11071677 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x274886231227111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the fastest-growing cardiovascular condition worldwide. The immune system may play a role in the development of HF since this condition is associated with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. HF is a life-threatening disease, and there is an increasing demand for diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic factors, and therapeutic agents that can help treat it. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is the prototype galectin of the lectin family. Multiple signal transduction pathways are regulated by Ras proteins, which act as a molecular switch in cells. Gal-1 regulates T and B cell activation, differentiation, and survival. Gal-1 has been linked to inflammation. Activated T cells produce Gal-1 through an autocrine apoptotic mechanism involving MEK1/ERK and p38 MAPK. In the cardiovascular system, atherosclerosis is facilitated by Gal-1. Heart disease, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and stroke can be caused by atherosclerotic plaque. HF and heart hypertrophy are caused by decreased cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel activity. Deregulation of Gal-1 and CaV1.2 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy suggests a possible target for anti-hypertrophic therapy. Rat hypertrophic cardiomyocytes express Gal-1 and CaV1.2 channels simultaneously. It has been reported that diastolic dysfunction (DD) is associated with elevated Gal-1 levels. The high Gal-1 level in subjects led to the lowest cumulative survival as a composite endpoint. Incidences of HF, DD, and serum Gal-1 levels correlated significantly. The ejection fraction was negatively correlated with Gal-1 and CRP concentrations. Based on two different approaches in mice and humans, Gal-1 was identified as a potential mediator of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Pirhayati
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Azarbad
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Taghizadeh
- Cardiology Resident, Department of Cardiology, Shahid Madani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Xie Y, Zhao F, Freitag N, Borowski S, Wang Y, Harms C, Pang PC, Desforges J, Wen T, Schwedhelm E, Singh M, Dechend R, Dell A, Haslam SM, Dveksler G, Garcia MG, Blois SM. Maternal-derived galectin-1 shapes the placenta niche through Sda terminal glycosylation: Implication for preeclampsia. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad247. [PMID: 37575671 PMCID: PMC10416815 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Placental abnormalities cause impaired fetal growth and poor pregnancy outcome (e.g. preeclampsia [PE]) with long-lasting consequences for the mother and offspring. The molecular dialogue between the maternal niche and the developing placenta is critical for the function of this organ. Galectin-1 (gal-1), a highly expressed glycan-binding protein at the maternal-fetal interface, orchestrates the maternal adaptation to pregnancy and placenta development. Down-regulation or deficiency of gal-1 during pregnancy is associated with the development of PE; however, the maternal- and placental-derived gal-1 contributions to the disease onset are largely unknown. We demonstrate that lack of gal-1 imposes a risk for PE development in a niche-specific manner, and this is accompanied by a placental dysfunction highly influenced by the absence of maternal-derived gal-1. Notably, differential placental glycosylation through the Sda-capped N-glycans dominates the invasive trophoblast capacity triggered by maternal-derived gal-1. Our findings show that gal-1 derived from the maternal niche is essential for healthy placenta development and indicate that impairment of the gal-1 signaling pathway within the maternal niche could be a molecular cause for maternal cardiovascular maladaptation during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fangqi Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Freitag
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophia Borowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Harms
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Poh-Choo Pang
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Juliette Desforges
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tianyu Wen
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20249 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manvendra Singh
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dechend
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS-Klinikum, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gabriela Dveksler
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Mariana G Garcia
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra M Blois
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Fang J, Wang Z, Miao CY. Angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1305-1321. [PMID: 36829053 PMCID: PMC10310733 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to its high disability and mortality rates, stroke has been the second leading cause of death worldwide. Since the pathological mechanisms of stroke are not fully understood, there are few clinical treatment strategies available with an exception of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), the only FDA-approved drug for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Angiogenesis is an important protective mechanism that promotes neural regeneration and functional recovery during the pathophysiological process of stroke. Thus, inducing angiogenesis in the peri-infarct area could effectively improve hemodynamics, and promote vascular remodeling and recovery of neurovascular function after ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms affecting angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia registered in PubMed, and provide pro-angiogenic strategies for exploring the treatment of ischemic stroke, including endothelial progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, cytokines, non-coding RNAs, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University / Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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10
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Wang M, Thomson AW, Yu F, Hazra R, Junagade A, Hu X. Regulatory T lymphocytes as a therapy for ischemic stroke. Semin Immunopathol 2023; 45:329-346. [PMID: 36469056 PMCID: PMC10239790 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00975-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Unrestrained excessive inflammatory responses exacerbate ischemic brain injury and impede post-stroke brain recovery. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells play important immunosuppressive roles to curtail inflammatory responses and regain immune homeostasis after stroke. Accumulating evidence confirms that Treg cells are neuroprotective at the acute stage after stroke and promote brain repair at the chronic phases. The beneficial effects of Treg cells are mediated by diverse mechanisms involving cell-cell interactions and soluble factor release. Multiple types of cells, including both immune cells and non-immune CNS cells, have been identified to be cellular targets of Treg cells. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding the function of Treg cells in ischemic stroke and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. The protective and reparative properties of Treg cells endorse them as good candidates for immune therapy. Strategies that boost the numbers and functions of Treg cells have been actively developing in the fields of transplantation and autoimmune diseases. We discuss the approaches for Treg cell expansion that have been tested in stroke models. The application of these approaches to stroke patients may bring new hope for stroke treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, SBST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Department of Surgery and Department of Immunology, Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Fang Yu
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, SBST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Rimi Hazra
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Aditi Junagade
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, SBST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, SBST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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11
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Liao F, He D, Liu C, Vong CT, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Isolation and identification of angiogenesis-promoting components in Huanglian Jiedu decoction using live cell bio-specific extraction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115961. [PMID: 36442757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HLJDD) is a traditional heat-dissipating and detoxicating prescription used in Chinese medicine and has been extensively applied in the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. Preliminary research confirmed that HLJDD exerts a neuroprotective effect on brain tissue injury caused by cerebral ischemia by promoting angiogenesis. However, the components of HLJDD responsible for its medicinal activity in ischemic injury remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to identify the active components of HLJDD that could promote angiogenesis and investigate its underlying mechanism, as well as Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalings in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The specific binding components of HLJDD with HUVECs were isolated and identified through a combination of live cell biospecific extraction, solid-phase extraction, and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometry (MS). Their pharmacological activity against oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD/R) injury and in vitro pro-angiogenesis was validated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and tube formation analysis, respectively. Finally, we explored the effect of active ingredients on the expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGF using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular docking was used to predict the potential binding of six active components to phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (AKT) and Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) proteins, which are involved in the regulation of HIF-1α and are highly associated with angiogenesis. RESULTS A total of 13 HUVECs-specific HLJDD components were identified, and 10 of them were shown to protect against OGD/R injury. We were the first to demonstrate that two of these components have a protective role in OGD/R-induced HUVECs injury. Additionally, seven of these 10 components exhibited angiogenesis-promoting activity, and two of these components were shown, for the first time, to promote angiogenesis in HUVECs. These effects might occur through the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway. Molecular docking results showed that all six active ingredients could stably bind to PI3K and AKT proteins, suggesting that these two proteins may be potential targets for six active ingredients. CONCLUSIONS The approach employed in this study effectively identified proangiogenic components in HLJDD that might act via PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF pathways and other mechanisms involved in angiogenesis. In conclusion, this study was the first to demonstrate four compounds with new bioactivities and could also provide insight into the isolation and discovery of new bioactive compounds existing in Chinese medicine with potential clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Liao
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
| | - Dongmei He
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510900, Guangdong, China.
| | - Cuiting Liu
- Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
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12
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Loh KWZ, Hu Z, Soong TW. Modulation of Ca V1.2 Channel Function by Interacting Proteins and Post-Translational Modifications: Implications in Cardiovascular Diseases and COVID-19. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 36764970 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
CaV1.2 calcium channel is the primary conduit for Ca2+ influx into cardiac and smooth muscles that underscores its importance in the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. But, a few controversies still remain. Therefore, exploring new ways to modulate CaV1.2 channel activity will augment the arsenal of CaV1.2 channel-based therapeutics for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we will mainly introduce a couple of emerging CaV1.2 channel interacting proteins, such as Galectin-1 and Cereblon, and discuss their roles in hypertension and heart failure through fine-tuning CaV1.2 channel activity. Of current interest, we will also evaluate the implication of the role of CaV1.2 channel in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the potential treatments of COVID-19-related cardiovascular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Wei Zhern Loh
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Diseases Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Diseases Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tuck Wah Soong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cardiovascular Diseases Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Liu Y, Liu R, Huang L, Zuo G, Dai J, Gao L, Shi H, Fang Y, Lu Q, Okada T, Wang Z, Hu X, Lenahan C, Tang J, Xiao J, Zhang JH. Inhibition of Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP3 Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Apoptosis Partially by Modulating p38MAPK/FOXO3/Mul1/Mfn2 Pathway after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7727616. [PMID: 36531208 PMCID: PMC9757947 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7727616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis contribute to pathological processes of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Previous studies demonstrated that the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 suppressed oxidative stress and apoptotic effects after Alzheimer's disease and intracerebral hemorrhage. This study is aimed at investigating the antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effect of EP3 inhibition and the underlying mechanisms in a rat mode of SAH. A total of 263 Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation. Selective EP3 antagonist L798106 was administered intranasally at 1 h, 25 h, and 49 h after SAH induction. EP3 knockout CRISPR and FOXO3 activation CRISPR were administered intracerebroventricularly at 48 h prior to SAH, while selective EP3 agonist sulprostone was administered at 1 h prior to SAH. SAH grade, neurological deficits, western blots, immunofluorescence staining, Fluoro-Jade C staining, TUNEL staining, 8-OHdG staining, and Nissl staining were conducted after SAH. The expression of endogenous PGES2 increased and peaked at 12 h while the expression of EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4, and Mul1 increased and peaked at 24 h in the ipsilateral brain after SAH. EP3 was expressed mainly in neurons. The inhibition of EP3 with L798106 or EP3 KO CRISPR ameliorated the neurological impairments, brain tissue oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis after SAH. To examine potential downstream mediators of EP3, we examined the effect of the increased expression of activated FOXO3 following the administration of FOXO3 activation CRISPR. Mechanism studies demonstrated that L798106 treatment significantly decreased the expression of EP3, p-p38, p-FOXO3, Mul1, 4-HNE, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 but upregulated the expression of Mfn2 and Bcl-2 in SAH rats. EP3 agonist sulprostone or FOXO3 activation CRISPR abolished the neuroprotective effects of L798106 and its regulation on expression of p38MAPK/FOXO3/Mul1/Mfn2 in the ipsilateral brain after SAH. In conclusion, the inhibition of EP3 by L798106 attenuated oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis partly through p38MAPK/FOXO3/Mul1/Mfn2 pathway post-SAH in rats. EP3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for SAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Gang Zuo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jiaxing Dai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Takeshi Okada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Zhifei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - John H. Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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14
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Galectin-1 in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100930. [PMID: 36295832 PMCID: PMC9606923 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-1 is a carbohydrate-binding protein expressed in many tissues. In recent years, increasing evidence has emerged for the role of galectin-1 in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Galectin-1 has been highly conserved through evolution and is involved in key cellular functions such as tissue maturation and homeostasis. It has been shown that galectin-1 increases in obesity, both in the circulation and in the adipose tissue of human and animal models. Several proteomic studies have independently identified an increased galectin-1 expression in the adipose tissue in obesity and in insulin resistance. Large population-based cohorts have demonstrated associations for circulating galectin-1 and markers of insulin resistance and incident type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, galectin-1 is associated with key metabolic pathways including glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as insulin signalling and inflammation. Intervention studies in animal models alter animal weight and metabolic profile. Several studies have also linked galectin-1 to the progression of complications in diabetes, including kidney disease and retinopathy. Here, we review the current knowledge on the clinical potential of galectin-1 in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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15
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Galectins in Endothelial Cell Biology and Angiogenesis: The Basics. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091386. [PMID: 34572599 PMCID: PMC8464943 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels out of existing vessels, is a complex and tightly regulated process. It is executed by the cells that cover the inner surface of the vasculature, i.e., the endothelial cells. During angiogenesis, these cells adopt different phenotypes, which allows them to proliferate and migrate, and to form tube-like structures that eventually result in the generation of a functional neovasculature. Multiple internal and external cues control these processes and the galectin protein family was found to be indispensable for proper execution of angiogenesis. Over the last three decades, several members of this glycan-binding protein family have been linked to endothelial cell functioning and to different steps of the angiogenesis cascade. This review provides a basic overview of our current knowledge regarding galectins in angiogenesis. It covers the main findings with regard to the endothelial expression of galectins and highlights their role in endothelial cell function and biology.
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