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Reda FM, Alagawany M, Alsolami AM, Mahmoud HK, Salah AS, Momenah MA, Alshahrani MY, El-Tarabily KA, Saleh RM. The incorporation of sumac seed powder (Rhus coriaria L.) into the diet of quail breeders as a novel feed additive. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103593. [PMID: 38552345 PMCID: PMC11000103 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
A total of 150 adult quails, aged 8 wk, were divided into 5 groups to study the effect of sumac seed powder on reproductive and productive parameters, egg quality, digestive enzymes, and quail breeders' blood profiles. Dietary supplements containing sumac powder were formulated as follows: group 1 (G1) (control, only basal diet); group 2 (G2) (basal diet + 1 g sumac powder/kg diet); group 3 (G3) (basal diet + 2 g sumac powder/kg diet); group 4 (G4) (basal diet + 3 g sumac powder/kg diet); and group 5 (G5) (basal diet + 4 g sumac powder/kg diet). The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher at all levels of sumac powder (P < 0.05) compared to the control group (G1). Overall, during the study (8-16 wk), quail-fed 3 g sumac powder/kg diet (G4) showed no significant increase (P > 0.05) in the feed intake compared to the control group. Sumac powder supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) increased egg number, egg weight, egg mass, fertility, and hatchability. While supplementing with sumac powder did not impact other egg quality parameters, it did significantly (P < 0.05) increase yolk percentage, Haugh unit, and unit surface shell weight. Furthermore, when compared to the control group (G1), birds given 2, 3, or 4 g of sumac powder/kg diet showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in hematological parameters such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and hemoglobin, as well as a decrease in glucose levels. Feeding quail with a 3 g sumac powder/kg diet (G4) resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher globulin levels and improved albumin/globulin ratio compared to other treatments and control (G1). Sumac powder intake significantly (P < 0.05) reduced plasma lipid profile, liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase), and kidney functions (creatinine, and urea). Furthermore, the supplementation of sumac powder resulted in a substantial increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of amylase, lipase, and protease. Sumac powder administration also significantly (P < 0.05) improves immunity by boosting IgM, IgG, IgA, and lysozyme levels in quail breeders' plasma. Supplementing with sumac powder, on the other hand, increased levels of reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The results of the current study indicated that the addition of 1, 2, 3, and 4 g of sumac powder to the diet of Japanese quail breeders led to improvements in egg quality, digestive enzymes, reproductive and productive performances, and most blood hematological and biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayiz M Reda
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Areej M Alsolami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hemat K Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ayman S Salah
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, New Valley, 71511 Egypt
| | - Maha Abdullah Momenah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Rasha M Saleh
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Suri S, Khan SS, Naeem S, Nisa ZU, Alam N, Majeed S, Kumar S, Khan RA. The beneficial effect of Allium Cepa bulb extract on reproduction of rats; A two-generation study on fecundity and sex hormones. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294999. [PMID: 38483938 PMCID: PMC10939208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Allium Cepa Linn. (Onions) has extensively been used in traditional medicine, is one of the important Allium species regularly used in our daily diet, and has been the source of robust phenolic compounds. The current study is intended to evaluate the fecundity-enhancing effect of A. Cepa on the reproductive performance of two successive generations of rats; F0 and F1. A. Cepa extract was initially tested for in vitro antioxidant assay via DPPH and ROS, followed by in vivo toxicity testing. In the fecundity assessment, eighteen pairs of male and female rats (n = 36, 1:1, F0 generation) were divided into three groups and dosed with 75mg/kg and 150 mg/kg daily of A. Cepa extract and saline respectively, up to pre-cohabitation, cohabitation, gestation and lactation period. The reproductive performance, including body weight, live birth index, fertility index, and litter size, was assessed. Various parameters like Hematological, Hormonal (FSH, LH, Testosterone, estradiol), antioxidant markers (SOD, Glutathione peroxidase) and lipid profile of F0 and F1 generations were assessed with evaluation of histopathology of male and female organs. Ethanolic extract of A. Cepa showed the greatest antioxidant potential in DPPH and ROS methods. The continued exposure of the F0 and F1 generations to A. Cepa extract did not affect body weight, fertility index, litter size, and survival index. However, semen pH, sperm motility, sperm count, sperm viability, and semen volume were significantly improved in both generations. We have found pronounced fecundity outcomes in both genders of F0 and F1 generations with A. Cepa 150mg/kg/day extract as compared to control. Results showed that A. Cepa significantly increased (P < 0.05) hemoglobin, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), plasma testosterone and glutathione peroxidase activities, while total lipid, LDL, and cholesterol were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in both generations. Histology of both generations of animals reveals enhanced spermatogenesis and enhanced folliculogenesis with improved architecture. Altogether, the present results suggest that A. Cepa extract improved fecundity in both male and female rats by improving hormonal activities and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Suri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saira Saeed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Naeem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zeb Un Nisa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nausheen Alam
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal Urdu University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saba Majeed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rafeeq Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abdulkareem ZA, Mohammed NI, Abdollahi A, Ahmed OR, Ghaffar OR, Khdir HA, Salam DA, Aziz SA, Mustafa MM, Mustafa WM, Abas ZA, Abid OI. Effects of garlic, onion, and apple cider vinegar as a herbal mixture on performance and blood traits of broilers inoculated with chicken infectious anemia virus. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17768. [PMID: 37449102 PMCID: PMC10336684 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of a herbal mixture (HM) to protect poultry against chicken infectious anemia (CIA) and to modulate the adverse effects of this virus on performance, mortality, blood profile, white blood cells (WBCs) count, liver enzymes, liver histopathology, and intestinal morphology. Therefore, 240 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into four experimental groups, with six replicates and ten chicks per group. The experimental groups consisted of a control group and groups with 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% HM, all based on corn-soybean meal. All chicks were inoculated with the CIA virus (CIAV) on day 7. The results showed that supplementation of 2.5% of HM to broiler diet increased feed intake (FI) (P < 0.05) and also increased body weight (BW) and weight gain (WG) slightly (P > 0.05). Adding 7.5% HM caused a reversible decrease in FI, BW, and WG and increased FCR. Compared with the control group, mortality rates declined with an additional dose of HM in CIAV-infected chickens. HM supplementation in the diet of CIAV-infected chickens increased hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (Hb), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) compared to the control (P < 0.05). Lymphocyte percentage and lymphocyte/heterophile ratio increased in HM-supplemented groups, especially at 2.5% (P < 0.05), and heterophile and granulocyte percentages were reduced (P < 0.05). Liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and liver steatosis declined in the 2.5% HM-treated group compared to the control (P < 0.05). It was concluded that adding 2.5% of the HM to the CIAV-infected broiler's diet did not negatively affect chicken performance. In addition to its hypolipidemic effects, it could prevent HCT and Hb from decreasing in chicks infected with CIAV and positively affect leukocyte types and liver enzymes. Interestingly, an additional dose of HM in the diet of the CIAV-infected broilers reduced mortality. Therefore, adding 2.5% of HM could prevent the adverse effects of CIA on hematological traits in broiler chicken flocks without adverse effects on performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zana Azeez Abdulkareem
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Nihayat Ibrahim Mohammed
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Asrin Abdollahi
- Department of Animal Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Omer Rasool Ahmed
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Osama Rahman Ghaffar
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Hawkar Azad Khdir
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Dashty Akram Salam
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Sarhang Ahmad Aziz
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Mustafa Mama Mustafa
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
| | - Warzer Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Animal Resources, Collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Raparin, Ranya, Sulaymaniyah, 46012, Iraq
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The efficacy of applying some plants and herbs in cancer therapy for humans and animals – a comperhensive review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer is a challenging ailment and represents the main reason for death worldwide for humans and animals. Although great developments have hindered cancer progression, several adverse effects are associated with modern chemotherapy. Natural remedies, such as the usage of medicinal plant or their products in cancer treatment, may decrease prejudicial side properties. Recently, the modern research scheme and innovative screening practices for herbs or plants have enabled phytochemical discovery for the prevention and treatment of cancer. This criticism highlights herbs such as acacia, basil, black seeds, cedar, castus, ficus, garlic, ginger, indigo, onion, pomegranate, quince, and thyme, promising anticancer effects. The present review also revealed the mode of action of each herb as anticancer effects at level in vitro and in vivo studies. The item also totalizes the vital mechanisms and signaling molecules involved in preventing cancer diseases. This will fill the investigate gap in the exploration of using natural molecules and encourage researchers in clinical trials of anticancer agents from herbs for humans and animals.
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Ruidas S, Karmakar S, Purkait A, Gangopadhyay A, Saha R, Mukherjee K, Mondal P, Hazra DK. Preparation, optimization, and testing of biostimulant formulations as stress management tools and foliar applications on brinjal and onion for growth and yield. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gaikwad HD, Dalvi SG, Hasabnis S, Suprasanna P. Electron Beam Irradiated Chitosan elicits enhanced antioxidant properties combating resistance to Purple Blotch Disease ( Alternaria porri) in Onion ( Allium cepa). Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:100-108. [PMID: 34587466 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1987569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was carried out to assess the effect of irradiated chitosan as an elicitor on the biochemical traits associated with resistance to purple blotch disease in onion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chitosan was electron beam irradiated at 100 kGy dose to obtain low molecular weight chitosan. Irradiated chitosan at 20 and 0.04% concentration and different time intervals was used as a biological elicitor cum antimicrobial agent against purple blotch disease in onion. Field grown onion (Variety Basanvant 780) plants were foliar sprayed with irradiated chitosan and the biochemical responses were monitored using parameters namely chlorophylls, carotenoids, antioxidant enzymes, phenols, and antifungal enzyme β-1,3 Glucanase using standard methods. RESULTS Compared to control treatment, a positive correlation with irradiated chitosan treatment was observed for an increase in β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase activity, and contents of total phenolics, chlorophylls, and carotenoids, which cumulatively contributed to resistance response against the purple blotch disease. Irradiated chitosan (0.04%) treated onion plants at 30, 45, and 60 DAT showed a higher total phenolics, β-1,3-glucanase activity, and peroxidase activity besides enhanced antioxidant properties. CONCLUSION The results suggest that irradiated chitosan has elicited resistance responses against purple blotch disease in onion. The increased production of antioxidant metabolites may provide value addition to onion as a food commodity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil Govind Dalvi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Pune, India
| | | | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agricultural Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Masood S, Rehman AU, Bashir S, El Shazly M, Imran M, Khalil P, Ifthikar F, Jaffar HM, Khursheed T. Investigation of the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of wheat bread supplemented with onion peel extract and onion powder in diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:485-495. [PMID: 34222073 PMCID: PMC8212200 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Onion is one of the commonly cultivated and consumed vegetables rich in nutrients and phytochemicals. Various nutraceuticals are found in the outer fleshy layers and dry peel of onion which usually is treated as a common biowaste. Diabetes mellitus is a leading non communicable disease causing hyperglycemia and increased production of free radicals that potentially disrupts antioxidant enzymatic activity. Considering global consumption of wheat, the present study was designed to evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of wheat bread supplemented with onion peel extract (OPE) or onion powder (OP) on diabetic rats. METHODS In this study, ethanolic extract of onion peel and onion bulb were prepared separately. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 7). Different regimens of supplemented wheat bread (OPE (1% and 3%) and OP (5% and 7%)) were given to diabetic rats for eight weeks, plain bread was used as the control. Blood glucose level, body weight and activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GSH and MDA in the liver and kidney tissues were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version (25) and Dunnett's multiple comparison test. RESULTS Bread supplemented with 1% and 3% onion peel extract and 7% onion powder significantly reduced blood glucose levels and MDA in the treated rats compared with the control group diabetic rats. Body weight of diabetic rats was reduced for control group, while onion supplemented diet improved the body weight of treated rats. Onion supplementation also brought significant improvement in antioxidant enzyme activities among the treated diabetic rats. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that onion supplementation is effective in lowering blood glucose and could potentially aid in protecting organs from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Masood
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Attiq ur Rehman
- Horticulture Technologies, Production Systems Unit, Natural Resources Institute (Luke), Toivonlinnantie 518, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shahid Bashir
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed El Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Cairo, Abbassia 11566 Egypt
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Palwasha Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Ifthikar
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Madiha Jaffar
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tara Khursheed
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences (UIDNS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Grzelak-Błaszczyk K, Milala J, Kołodziejczyk K, Sójka M, Czarnecki A, Kosmala M, Klewicki R, Fotschki B, Jurgoński A, Juśkiewicz J. Protocatechuic acid and quercetin glucosides in onions attenuate changes induced by high fat diet in rats. Food Funct 2021; 11:3585-3597. [PMID: 32285077 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02633a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Yellow onion waste from industrial peeling was used to obtain three pure preparations: protocatechuic acid (PA), quercetin diglycosides (QD) and quercetin monoglycosides (QM). PA contained 61% protocatechuic acid, QD contained 35% quercetin diglucosides, mainly quercetin-3,4'-diglucoside, and QM contained 41% monoglucosides, mainly quercetin-4'-glucoside. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by PA. The effects of preparations on the digestive functions of the gastrointestinal tract of rats as well as the biochemical parameters and antioxidant capacity of the blood in model research on Wistar rats sustained by a high-fat diet were assessed (5 groups per 8 animals). The results of the present experiment showed that different onion phenolic preparations differently modulated the enzymatic activity of faecal (P < 0.001) and caecal (P < 0.001) microbiota. For instance, the QD preparation but not QM efficiently reduced the faecal and caecal bacterial β-glucuronidase activity. Both protocatechuic acid and quercetin monoglycosides showed a beneficial effect by regulating blood lipids (reduction of TC (P < 0.001) and TG (P < 0.001), non-HDL increase in HDL (P < 0.001)), thereby lowering the risk factors for atherosclerotic lesions AI (P = 0.038) and AII (P = 0.013). In addition, onion phenols showed a strong antioxidant effect, however, with a different mechanism: protocatechuic acid via serum ACL (P = 0.033) increase and hepatic GSSG (P = 0.070) decrease, QM via ACW (P < 0.001) increase and hepatic TBARS (P = 0.002) decrease, and QD via serum ACW increase and hepatic GSSG decrease. It can be concluded that onion polyphenols with a lower molar weight, i.e. QM more preferably affect the blood lipid profile than QD. However QD more efficiently reduced the faecal and caecal bacterial β-glucuronidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Grzelak-Błaszczyk
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Milala
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Kołodziejczyk
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Michał Sójka
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Czarnecki
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Kosmala
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Robert Klewicki
- Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Fotschki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Adam Jurgoński
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Division of Food Science, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Omar AE, Al-Khalaifah HS, Mohamed WAM, Gharib HSA, Osman A, Al-Gabri NA, Amer SA. Effects of Phenolic-Rich Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Extract on the Growth Performance, Behavior, Intestinal Histology, Amino Acid Digestibility, Antioxidant Activity, and the Immune Status of Broiler Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:582612. [PMID: 33282930 PMCID: PMC7689185 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.582612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of phenolic-rich onion extract (PROE), as a feed additive, was evaluated on the growth, carcass traits, behavior, welfare, intestinal histology, amino acid ileal digestibility "AID%," and the immune status of broiler chicks for 35 days. A total number of 400, 1-day-old broiler chicks (45.38 g ± 1.35) were allocated to four different treatments with 10 replicates each (100 chicks/treatment) consisting of: T1, basal diet without additives (control treatment) (PROE0); T2, basal diet + phenolic-rich onion extract (1 g/kg diet) (PROE1); T3, basal diet + phenolic-rich onion extract (2 g/kg diet) (PROE2); and T4, basal diet + phenolic-rich onion extract (3 g/kg diet) (PROE3). An increase in the final body weight "FBW," bodyweight gain "BWG," and feed consumption was observed (P < 0.05) at different PROE levels. Also, the thymus and bursa percentages were increased in the PROE2 and PROE3 treatments (P < 0.05). The chicks fed on PROE supplemented diets had increased frequency of feeding and drinking and showed comfortable behavior (P < 0.05) with lesser aggression (P < 0.05). Additionally, an increase was observed in the antioxidant enzyme activity, phagocytic %, phagocytic index, and serum lysozyme activity in PROE supplemented treatments, with the best outcome reported in the PROE3 treatment (P < 0.01). IgM was increased in the birds fed with PROE2 and PROE3 diets (P < 0.01). PROE supplementation increased the AID% of lysine and methionine (P <0.01), PROE3 treatment increased the AID% of threonine (P < 0.05), and PROE2 and PROE3 treatments increased the AID% of leucine and isoleucine (P < 0.05). Besides, PROE2, and PROE3 treatments increased the villus height and width, mucosal thickness, and goblet cell count from the duodena, jejuna, and ilea (P < 0.05) compared to control treatment. Based on these results, we concluded that the dietary addition of phenolic-rich onion extracts can improve the growth rate of broiler chicken by improving the AID% of amino acids and intestinal histology. Also, it can improve the welfare, antioxidant enzymes activity, and immune status of the birds. Phenolic-rich onion extracts can be used as a natural growth promoter in the poultry feed for good health and improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaam E. Omar
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. Al-Khalaifah
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Wafaa A. M. Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba S. A. Gharib
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Naif A. Al-Gabri
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
- Laboratory of Regional Djibouti Livestock Quarantine, Abu Yaser International Est., Djibouti, Djibouti
| | - Shimaa A. Amer
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Al-Otaibi SN, Alshammari GM, AlMohanna FH, Al-Khalifa AS, Yahya MA. Antihyperlipidemic and hepatic antioxidant effects of Leek leaf methanol extract in high fat diet-fed rats. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1792355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Setah Naif Al-Otaibi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir Muslem Alshammari
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Hassan AlMohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Saleh Al-Khalifa
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Demir H, Oral MO. Nonthermal pasteurization of onion juice by continuous UV‐C reactor. J Food Saf 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hande Demir
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food EngineeringOsmaniye Korkut Ata University Osmaniye TR Turkey
| | - Mehmet Onur Oral
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesOsmaniye Korkut Ata University Osmaniye TR Turkey
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Yang C, Li L, Yang L, Lǚ H, Wang S, Sun G. Anti-obesity and Hypolipidemic effects of garlic oil and onion oil in rats fed a high-fat diet. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:43. [PMID: 29951108 PMCID: PMC6011244 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Until now, little research concerning the lipid-lowering and anti-obesity functions of garlic oil and onion oil has been performed. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of garlic oil and onion oil on serum lipid levels in hyperlipidemia model rats, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of hyperlipidemia through a dietary approach, and to explore the potential health benefits of garlic and onion. Method Ninety-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into eight groups based on their body weight and serum levels of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). The rats received repeated oral administration of volatile oils extracted from garlic and onion for 60 days. Serum lipids and parameters of obesity were examined. Results The volatile oils suppressed the HFD-induced body weight gain and tended to decrease adipose tissue weight. The oils decreased the levels of TG, TC and LDL-C and increased the serum level of HDL-C compared with the rats in the hyperlipidemia model groups (P < 0.05). The oils were also effective at improving the lipid profile and alleviating hepatic steatosis. Conclusion Our results implied that garlic oil and onion oil have anti-obesity properties that can counteract the effects of an HFD on body weight, adipose tissue weight, and serum lipid profiles. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12986-018-0275-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Lihua Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Ligang Yang
- 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Hui Lǚ
- 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 China.,2Second Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046 China
| | - Shaokang Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Guiju Sun
- 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, No. 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
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Safaeian L, Zolfaghari B, Karimi S, Talebi A, Ghazvini MA. The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Allium elburzense Wendelbo bulb on dexamethasone-induced dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and oxidative stress in rats. Res Pharm Sci 2018; 13:22-29. [PMID: 29387108 PMCID: PMC5772078 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.220964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences have suggested the beneficial cardiovascular effects of some plants belonging to the genus Allium. The present study is an attempt to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Allium elburzense bulb on dexamethasone-induced dyslipidemia in rats. Total phenolic content of A. elburzense bulb hydroalcoholic extract was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats in 6 groups were studied. Group 1 (dyslipidemic control) received dexamethasone (10 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 7 days, groups 2-4 (treated) received dexamethasone and simultaneously treated orally with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg of A. elburzense extract, group 5 (normal control) received a single daily injection of normal saline (1 mL/kg, s.c.) and the vehicle orally, and group 6 (reference) received dexamethasone and atorvastatin (40 mg/kg) orally. At the end of experiment, blood glucose, lipid profile, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed in serum samples. Livers were processed for histopathological examination. Total phenolic content of A. elburzense extract was estimated to be 33.52 ± 1.3% mg gallic acid equivalent/g of the dried plant extract. The plant extract significantly reduced serum blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and MDA levels and increased the high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level and also improved liver steatosis compared to the dyslipidemic control group. These results suggest the hydroalcoholic extract of A. elburzense bulb has anti-dyslipidemic, anti-hyperglycemic, and antioxidant effects on rats receiving high doses of dexamethasone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Safaeian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Behzad Zolfaghari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Sajad Karimi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ardeshir Talebi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Aghaye Ghazvini
- Isfahan Center of Public Health Training and Research, Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Emamat H, Foroughi F, Eini-Zinab H, Hekmatdoost A. The Effects of Onion Consumption on Prevention of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 33:75-80. [PMID: 29371773 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that dietary intakes play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the role of each component of diet has not yet been elucidated. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of onion consumption on prevention of NAFLD/NASH development. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either high-fat, high sugar diet (model group), or high-fat, high sugar diet plus 7% onion powder (model + onion), or chow diet ad libitum for 7 weeks. Serum levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, liver enzymes, insulin, and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression were determined. Hepatic histology was examined by H&E stain. Model + onion group had significantly lower hepatic steatosis, ballooning, lobular inflammation, and portal inflammation (p < 0.001), lower hepatic TNF-α gene expression (p < 0.001), lower plasma levels of ALT (p = 0.026), AST (p = 0.041), insulin (p < 0.001), TG (p = 0.041), and glucose (p = 0.009) compared with model group; however, weight gain, food intake, plasma total cholesterol and LDL levels were not significantly different between these two groups. Our data indicate that regular consumption of onion can prevent NAFLD even in the presence of the other risk factors such as obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and high energy, fat, and sugar intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- 1Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Foroughi
- 2Department of Pathology, Taleghani Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- 1Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- 1Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Emamat H, Foroughi F, Eini-Zinab H, Taghizadeh M, Rismanchi M, Hekmatdoost A. The effects of onion consumption on treatment of metabolic, histologic, and inflammatory features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2016; 15:25. [PMID: 27453880 PMCID: PMC4957858 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-016-0248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of onion powder consumption on treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in an experimental model of disease. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were fed high-fat (HF) diet for seven weeks to induce the NAFLD. Then, they were treated by either the same diet (HF), or high-fat diet plus 7 % onion powder (HF + onion), or chow diet (control), or chow diet plus 7 % onion powder (control + onion)ad libitum for four weeks. Serum levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, liver enzymes, insulin, and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression were determined. Hepatic histology was examined by Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Results Dietary food intakes and weigh gain were significantly more in animals fed control + onion diet in comparison to the other groups. Animals fed control or control + onion diet had significantly lower plasma levels of hepatic enzymes, lipid profile, glycemic indices, and hepatic TNF-α gene expression as compared with HF diet fed groups; however, there was no significant difference in the histopathologic features of NAFLD among different groups. Conclusion Our results indicate that onion consumption can be effective in NAFLD management when it is combined with a healthy diet. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40200-016-0248-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Foroughi
- Department of Pathology, Taleghani Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Marjan Rismanchi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Celia C, Cullere M, Gerencsér Z, Matics Z, Giaccone V, Kovács M, Bónai A, Szendrő Z, Dalle Zotte A. Dietary supplementation of Digestarom® herbal formulation: effect on apparent digestibility, faecal and caecal microbial counts and live performance of growing rabbits. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2016.4069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
<p>The experiment aimed to study the effect of Digestarom® dietary inclusion (herbal formulation containing a mixture of essential oils, herbs, spices and extracts) on apparent digestibility and digestive ecosystem of growing rabbits, as well as the effects of its supplementation before and after weaning on growth performance. At kindling, rabbit does and litters were divided into 2 dietary groups (51 does/group) and fed either a control diet (C) or a diet supplemented with 300 mg Digestarom®/kg diet (D) until weaning, which occurred at 35 d (before weaning supplementation). Each group was further divided into 3 dietary groups: CC received the control diet and DD received the D diet from 5 to 12 wk of age, and DC were fed with D (from 5 to 8 wk of age) and C diets (from 8 to 12 wk of age) (after weaning supplementation; 54 kits/group). An in vivo digestibility trial and a faecal microbial count were carried out on growing rabbits that received only the C or D diets during the trial. The C group showed higher DM intake than D group (215 vs. 196 g/d; P<0.05). The faecal digestibility of ether extract (75.9 vs. 59.8%; P<0.001), cellulose (25.9 vs. 20.6%; P<0.05) and gross energy (51.8 vs. 49.1%; P<0.05) was higher for C than for D group, whereas that of starch (98.9 vs. 98.8%; P<0.001) and the digestible protein to digestible energy ratio (13.9 vs. 13.2 g digestible protein/MJ digestible energy; P<0.01) was the highest for rabbits fed D diet. Stomach and caecal pH, caecal and faecal microbial counts were independent of the dietary treatment. The only exception was the stomach pH in 8 wk-old rabbits, which had the lowest value in C rabbits (P<0.05). The D supplementation before weaning improved feed conversion ratio throughout the growing phase (4.3 vs. 4.4 for D and C, respectively; P<0.05), whereas significant differences in daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and mortality were observed only in the first period after weaning. Based on the results obtained, dietary supplementation with Digestarom® does not seem to confirm the positive results previously reported for growing rabbits.</p>
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Fatoorechi V, Rismanchi M, Nasrollahzadeh J. Effects of Persian leek (Allium ampeloprasum) on hepatic lipids and the expression of proinflammatory gene in hamsters fed a high-fat/ high-cholesterol diet. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2016; 6:418-24. [PMID: 27516982 PMCID: PMC4967837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Persian leek is one of the most widely used herbal foods among Iranians. In this study, effects of oral administration of Persian leek on plasma and liver lipids were examined in hamster. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into three groups: control (standard diet), high fat control (high-fat/high-cholesterol diet), Persian leek (high-fat/high-cholesterol diet + 1% per weight of diet from dried powdered Persian leek) for 14 weeks. RESULTS High fat diet increased plasma and liver lipids as compared to standard diet. Adding Persian leek to the high-fat/high-cholesterol diet resulted in no significant changes in the concentration of the plasma lipids or liver cholesterol. However, liver triglycerides (TG), plasma Alanine aminotransferase and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor- α were decreased in hamsters fed high-fat diet containing Persian leek as compared to high-fat diet only. CONCLUSION Persian leek might be considered as a herbal food that can reduce liver TG accumulation induced by high fat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Fatoorechi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Rismanchi
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Nasrollahzadeh
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author: Tel: 982122357483, Fax: +982122360660,
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18
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Chiu HF, Shen YC, Huang TY, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang CK. Cardioprotective Efficacy of Red Wine Extract of Onion in Healthy Hypercholesterolemic Subjects. Phytother Res 2015; 30:380-5. [PMID: 26631904 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the red wine extract of onion (RO) and red wine (RW) on alleviating the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. During in vitro studies, various antioxidant activities [trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), DPPH, and H2 O2 scavenging ability] of RO and RW group were evaluated. Both RO and RW showed the maximum antioxidant capacity. During in vivo studies, 23 healthy hypercholesterolemic volunteers were randomly selected and assigned into two groups, who drunk 250 mL of RO (n = 11) or RW (n = 10) for 10 weeks. No significant changes were observed in anthropometric parameters (body weight, height, body mass, and BMI) in each group. Both RW and RO extracts elevated (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity and thereby prolonging the lag time of low-density lipoprotein oxidation. However, RO extract intake substantially suppressed (p < 0.05) the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when equivalence with RW thus, indicating its additional hypocholesterolemic effect. The inflammatory markers such as factor VII were also positively modulated by RO extract. Results indicated that RO extract consumption rendered better cardio protective effect than RW by altering cholesterol, improving antioxidation and suppressing inflammatory marker levels and thereby, attenuating the cardiovascular disease incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Well-being, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Shen
- School of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yun Huang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kamesh Venkatakrishnan
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Jung H, Wee JH, Kim K, Sung H, Shin H. Effect of onion (Allium cepa) ultra-high pressure processing and hot water extracts on the serum cholesterol level in high cholesterol-fed rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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An BK, Kim JY, Oh ST, Kang CW, Cho S, Kim SK. Effects of onion extracts on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood profiles of white mini broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:247-51. [PMID: 25557821 PMCID: PMC4283170 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate effects of onion extract on growth performance, meat quality and blood profiles of White mini broilers. Total of 600 one-d-old male White mini broiler chicks were divided into four groups and fed control diets (non-medicated commercial diet or antibiotics medicated) or experimental diets (non-medicated diets containing 0.3% or 0.5% onion extract) for 5 wks. The final body weight (BW) and weight gain of the group fed non-medicated control diet were lower than those of medicated control group (p<0.01). The chicks fed diet with 0.3% or 0.5% onion extract showed a similar BW to that of medicated control group. The relative weight of various organs, such as liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, abdominal fat, and the activities of serum enzymes were not affected by dietary treatments. There were no significant differences in meat color among groups. Whereas, groups fed diets containing onion extract had slightly lower cooking loss and higher shear force value, but not significantly. The concentrations of serum free cholesterol and triacylglycerol in groups fed diet containing onion extract were significantly decreased compared with those of controls (p<0.01). In conclusion, the onion extracts exerted a growth-promoting effect when added in White mini broiler diets, reflecting potential alternative substances to replace antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K An
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - S Cho
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
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21
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Iftikhar R, Ramesh SV, Bag S, Ashfaq M, Pappu HR. Global analysis of population structure, spatial and temporal dynamics of genetic diversity, and evolutionary lineages of Iris yellow spot virus (Tospovirus: Bunyaviridae). Gene 2014; 547:111-8. [PMID: 24954534 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Thrips-transmitted Iris yellow spot virus is an economically important viral pathogen of Allium crops worldwide. A global analysis of known IYSV nucleocapsid gene (N gene) sequences was carried out to determine the comparative population structure, spatial and temporal dynamics with reference to its genetic diversity and evolution. A total of 98 complete N gene sequences (including 8 sequences reported in this study) available in GenBank and reported from 23 countries were characterized by in-silico RFLP analysis. Based on RFLP, 94% of the isolates could be grouped into NL or BR types while the rest belonged to neither group. The relative proportion of NL and BR types was 46% and 48%, respectively. A temporal shift in the IYSV genotypes with a greater incremental incidence of IYSVBR was found over IYSVNL before 2005 compared to after 2005. The virus population had at least one evolutionarily significant recombination event, involving IYSVBR and IYSVNL. Codon substitution studies did not identify any significant differences among the genotypes of IYSV. However, N gene codons were minimally positively selected, moderately negatively selected denoting the action of purifying selection, thus rejecting the theory of neutral mutation in IYSV population. However, one codon position (139) was found to be positively selected in all the genotypes. Population selection statistics in the IYSVBR, IYSVNL genotypes and in the population as a whole also revealed the action of purifying selection or population expansion, whereas IYSVother displayed a decrease in population size. Genetic differentiation studies showed inherent differentiation and infrequent gene flow between IYSVBR and IYSVNL genotypes corroborating the geographical confinement of these genotypes. Taken together the study suggests that the observed diversity in IYSV population and temporal shift in IYSVBR genotype is attributable to genetic recombination, abundance of purifying selection, insignificant positive selection and population expansion. Restricted gene flow between the two major IYSV genotypes further emphasizes the role of genetic drift in modeling the population architecture, evolutionary lineage and epidemiology of IYSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Iftikhar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Shunmugiah V Ramesh
- Directorate of Soybean Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Indore, MP 452001, India; Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Sudeep Bag
- Department of Entomology, University of California, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Nilore, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan; Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Hanu R Pappu
- Washington State University, Department of Plant Pathology, Pullman, WA, USA.
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Chen G, Wang H, Zhang X, Yang ST. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in the Management of Hyperlipidemia. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1180-201. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.629354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Cheng L, Luo J, Li P, Yu H, Huang J, Luo L. Microbial diversity and flavor formation in onion fermentation. Food Funct 2014; 5:2338-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00196f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fermentation of onions is not well understood. In this work, we focused on the analysis of microbial diversity and flavor formation in onion fermentation with indigenous flora (without starter cultures). Two different methods were used to establish the relationship between the microbes and the production of flavor. A link was made between the substrates, metabolites, and the microbes identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cheng
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Luo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Luo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Hur SJ, Lee SJ, Kim DH, Chun SC, Lee SK. Onion extract structural changes during in vitro digestion and its potential antioxidant effect on brain lipids obtained from low- and high-fat-fed mice. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:1009-15. [PMID: 24074442 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.845664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of onion (Allium cepa, L.) extract on the antioxidant activity of lipids in low-and high-fat-fed mouse brain lipids and its structural change during in vitro human digestion. The onion extracts were passed through an in vitro human digestion model that simulated the composition of the mouth, stomach, and small intestine juice. The brain lipids were collected from low- and high-fat-fed mouse brain and then incubated with the in vitro-digested onion extracts to determine the lipid oxidation. The results confirmed that the main phenolics of onion extract were kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and quercitrin. The quercetin content increased with digestion of the onion extract. Antioxidant activity was strongly influenced by in vitro human digestion of both onion extract and quercetin standard. After digestion by the small intestine, the antioxidant activity values were dramatically increased, whereas the antioxidant activity was less influenced by digestion in the stomach for both onion extract and quercetin standard. The inhibitory effect of lipid oxidation of onion extract in mouse brain lipids increased after digestion in the stomach. The inhibitory effect of lipid oxidation of onion extract was higher in the high-fat-fed mouse brain lipids than that in the low-fat-fed mouse brain lipids. The major study finding is that the antioxidative effect of onion extract may be higher in high-fat-fed mouse brain lipids than that in low-fat-fed mouse brain lipids. Thus, dietary onion may have important applications as a natural antioxidant agent in a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Hur
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University , Gwangjin-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Nouman Soh M, Karim A, Sarwar M, Alhasin AM. Onion (Allium cepa L.): An Alternate Medicine For Pakistani Population. INT J PHARMACOL 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2011.736.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Mitra J, Shrivastava SL, Rao PS. Onion dehydration: a review. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2011; 49:267-77. [PMID: 23729847 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-011-0369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa), a very commonly used vegetable, ranks third in the world production of major vegetables. Apart from imparting a delicious taste and flavour due to its pungency in many culinary preparations, it serves several medicinal purposes also. Processing and preservation of onion by suitable means is a major thrust area since a long time. The various kinds of treatments followed for dehydration of onion such as convective air drying, solar drying, fluidized bed drying, vacuum microwave drying, infrared drying and osmotic drying are reviewed here. These techniques are mainly used for preservation and value addition of onion. Several researchers have tried for decades to model the drying kinetics and quality parameters, which are also compiled here briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayeeta Mitra
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302 India
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Hefnawy HTM, Ramadan MF. Physicochemical characteristics of soy protein isolate and fenugreek gum dispersed systems. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2011; 48:371-7. [PMID: 23572761 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein-polysaccharide interactions play an important role in the structure and stability of many processed foods. In this study the effect of fenugreek gum (FG) on solubility and emulsifying properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) was evaluated. Generally, the solubility of SPI ions was increased by adding FG. The emulsifying activity of SPI with fenugreek gum (SPI-FG) was 4 times higher than that of SPI or FG alone and similar to that of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The emulsifying stability of SPI-FG dispersions was respectively 3 and 2 times higher than that of SPI and BSA. In addition, the solubility and emulsifying properties of SPI-FG dispersions were stable over wide range of pH (from 3 to 9), ion strength (from 0.1 to 1.0 M NaCl) and high temperature (85 °C/h).
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Khiari Z, Makris DP. Stability and transformation of major flavonols in onion (Allium cepa) solid wastes. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2010; 49:489-94. [PMID: 23904658 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Onion solid wastes were analysed using HPLC and LC / MS and the major polyphenols detected were quercetin, quercetin 4'-O-glucoside, accompanied by protocatechuic acid and a benzofuranone derivative. The latter two compounds have been demonstrated as some of the degradation products that might arise as a result of peroxidase-mediated decomposition of quercetin. These four substances, along with two principal enzymes implicated in flavonols breakdown, β-glycosidase and peroxidise, were monitored throughout an examination period of 48 h, in ground onion solid waste. The determinations showed that quercetin 4'-O-glucoside content increased by 13.3%, while quercetin, benzofuranone derivative and protocatechuic acid contents increased by 68.6, 37.5 and 58.4%, respectively. β-Glycosidase activity exhibited fluctuations and increased by 38.2%, whereas the POD showed a constant increasing trend, leading in 21.7% higher activity. On such a ground, a hypothesis was set up to explain transformations of flavonols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Khiari
- Food Quality & Chemistry of Natural Products Programme, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (M. A. I. Ch.), P. O. Box 85, 73100 Chania, Greece
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