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Pourmoradian S, Kalantari N, Eini-Zinab H, Ostadrahimi A, Tabrizi JS, Faramarzi E. Estimated reductions in type 2 diabetes burden through nutrition policies in AZAR cohort population: A PRIME microsimulation study for primary health care. Health Promot Perspect 2024; 14:53-60. [PMID: 38623351 PMCID: PMC11016142 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.42452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Given the impact of high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages on type 2 diabetes, intervention to reduce their consumption can be a top priority for any health system. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to simulate the impact of policy options related to reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) on the prevalence and mortality of type 2 diabetes in Iranian men and women. Methods A discrete event simulation (DES) model was used to predict the effect of several policy options on the prevalence and death from type 2 diabetes in Azar Cohort Databases. Population age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence rate of diagnosed diabetes were derived from the national health data. The Preventable Risk Integrated Model (PRIME) model was used for coding the input parameters of simulation using R and Python software. Results The prevalence and mortality rate of type 2 diabetes under the scenario of reduced consumption of SSBs indicated that the highest and the lowest prevalence and mortality rates of type 2 diabetes for men and women were related to no policy condition and replacing SSBs with healthy drinks, like water, respectively. Also, the maximum "number of deaths postponed/ prevented" from type 2 diabetes was related to replacing SSBs with water (n=2015), and an integration of reformulation and applying 10% tax on SSBs (n=1872), respectively. Conclusion Simulating the effect of different policy options on reducing the consumption of SSBs showed "replacing of SSBs with water" as the most effective policy option in Iranian setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Pourmoradian
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi
- Department of Health Service Management, Tabriz Health Service Management Research Centre, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Faramarzi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Roustaee R, Eini-Zinab H, Ghodsi D, Mehrparvar Hosseini E, Omidvar N, Hosseini H, Hosseini Mousavi SO, Rafiee H. A 30-year trend of dairy consumption and its determinants among income groups in Iranian households. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1261293. [PMID: 38425466 PMCID: PMC10903262 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1261293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Milk and dairy products provide essential nutrients and have the potential to prevent chronic diseases, thus reducing healthcare costs. However, there is a lack of consistent and updated data on dairy consumption trends in Iran. This study aims to analyze the trends in dairy consumption among Iranian households from 1991 to 2021, focusing on household-level determinants across different expense groups. Methods The study uses data from the Iranian Household Expenditure and Income Survey conducted annually from 1991 to 2021 to analyze households' dairy consumption. The data includes values and expenses of food and non-food items purchased in the previous month, as well as demographic characteristics of household members. The households were categorized into 10 deciles based on their gross expense. The econometric model used weighted mean per capita milk, yogurt, cheese, and total dairy consumption based on milk equivalent for each decile. The model takes into account changes in income, prices, household composition, education level, occupation, and residency area using panel data. Data preparation and model estimation were performed using RStudio and STATA17 software. Results Based on the findings, in 1991, per capita milk, yogurt, and cheese consumption were 26.77 kg, 16.63 kg, and 2.42 kg, respectively. By 2021, these figures changed to 22.68 kg, 11.06 kg, and 3.79 kg, reflecting a decrease in milk and yogurt consumption but an increase in cheese consumption. Family size was positively correlated with yogurt consumption and head of the household spouse's job score were positively correlated with milk, yogurt and cheese consumption. Also, the presence of under five-year-old children and older adults members (over the age of 60) in the household was inversely related with yogurt and cheese consumption. Female-headed households tended to purchase more cheese, while their milk purchase level was significantly lower. Residing in urban areas was negatively related to milk, while cheese and total dairy consumption was higher in urban areas. Discussion The findings highlight the importance of targeted dairy subsidy interventions and educational programs to improve dairy consumption in Iranian households, especially among vulnerable groups. This will require urging policymakers and food system stakeholders for effective strategies that address macro-level factors to promote dairy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Roustaee
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faulty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faulty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Ghodsi
- Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faulty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Hosseini Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faulty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Rafiee
- Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Pourebrahim F, Omidvar N, Rezazadeh A, Eini-Zinab H, Shirani P, Ghodsi D. Food security and its association with socioeconomic status and dietary diversity in free living older people in Tehran, Iran. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:128. [PMID: 38308219 PMCID: PMC10836019 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is a function of food access and dietary diversity. Older age is a period when adequate and diverse dietary intake is a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security on the one hand and dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors on the other hand among the free-living older people in the city of Tehran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 583 older people, aged 60-80 years living in Tehran city, were selected through the systematic cluster sampling method. Food security was determined by the United States Household Food Security Survey Module (US-HFSSM (.Socioeconomic status (SES) and two 24-h recalls were obtained. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using the FAO 2010 guideline. Multinomial logistic regression was applied. RESULTS The average age of participants was 67.87 ± 5.86 years. Based on US-HFSSM, 56.9% of older people were food secure; while 25.7%, 14.2% and 3.2% suffered from food insecurity (FI) without hunger, with moderate hunger, and with severe hunger, respectively. There was no association between FI and DDS, even after controlling for confounders. FI with mild hunger was associated with household income (OR = 2.744, 95% CI = 1.100-6.846), while FI with severe hunger was associated with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.051-0.424). CONCLUSIONS Overall, socio-economic status and demographic characteristics were the predictors of FI among older people. The findings can have implication in design and targeting of interventions directed at older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pourebrahim
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Shirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Ghodsi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yousefi R, Panahi Moghaddam SA, Salahi H, Woods R, Abolhasani M, Eini-Zinab H, Saidpour A. Food Addiction and Binge Eating Disorder in Relation to Dietary Patterns and Anthropometric Measurements: A Descriptive-Analytic Cross-Sectional Study in Iranian Adults with Obesity. Behav Med 2024; 50:37-46. [PMID: 35975474 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2092442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with maladaptive eating behaviors, including food addiction (FA) and binge eating disorder (BED). However, the key factors influencing the development of maladaptive eating behaviors remain unknown. Adherence to specified dietary patterns has been suspected of making indirect impacts. This study investigates the association of FA and BED with dietary patterns and anthropometric measurements among 400 Iranian adults (aged 18-60; 66.25% women) living with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2). The Binge Eating Scale and Yale Food Addiction Scale were used to measure BED and FA. A validated 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire underwent principal component analysis and identified three major dietary patterns: mixed, unhealthy, and healthy dietary pattern. After adjusting for confounders, higher adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns was associated with an increased risk of FA, while higher adherence to healthy dietary patterns was associated with a lower risk of FA. Also, those within obesity class III had a significantly higher risk of FA and BED than those in obesity class I. This study suggests that adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern may be associated with a higher risk of FA. It also highlights the link between higher BMI and maladaptive eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Yousefi
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, and Montréal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Seyedeh Atefeh Panahi Moghaddam
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Salahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Robbie Woods
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, and Montréal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryam Abolhasani
- Cardiac primary prevention research center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atoosa Saidpour
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghodsi D, Rasekhi H, Yari Z, Roustaee R, Nikooyeh B, Faramarzi A, Eini-Zinab H, Neyestani TR. Prediction and analysis of trends in the nutritional status of children under 5 years in Iran: reanalysis of the results of national surveys conducted between 1998 and 2020. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1083318. [PMID: 37252238 PMCID: PMC10213970 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1083318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Malnutrition is a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in malnutrition among children under 5 years of age in Iran over recent decades and to estimate malnutrition status for 2020. Methods This study took the form of a secondary analysis of the reports and data from three cross-sectional national surveys on children's nutritional status conducted between 1998 and 2017. Anthropometric indices, including markers of underweight, wasting, stunting, overweight, and obesity, were used as indicators of the nutritional status of children under 5 years. Malnutrition indicators are reported separately based on regional food security status. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to predict the status of malnutrition indicators for 2020. Results The results of this study indicated a downward trend in the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting, from 15.4 to 4.8%, 10.9 to 4.3%, and 4.9 to 4.3%, respectively, between 1998 and 2017. The proportion of children at risk of overweight and prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity showed a downward trend between 2010 and 2017, from 3.73 to 3.02% and from 12.1 to 10.3%, respectively. However, the trend varied between different provinces. Estimates of the prevalence of malnutrition in 2020 also indicated a decrease in the prevalence of all indicators among children. Conclusion Despite the decreasing trend in malnutrition over the past three decades, the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting is still high in food-insecure provinces. Moreover, following the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic consequences, an increase in the prevalence of malnutrition, especially in food-insecure provinces, is plausible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Ghodsi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rasekhi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Yari
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Roustaee
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahereh Nikooyeh
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tirang R. Neyestani
- Laboratory of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jabbari M, Eini-Zinab H, Safaei E, Poursoleiman F, Amini B, Babashahi M, Barati M, Hekmatdoost A. Determination of the level of evidence for the association between different food groups/items and dietary fiber intake and the risk of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension: An umbrella review. Nutr Res 2023; 111:1-13. [PMID: 36780863 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has suggested that nutrition is a preventive factor against cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Because of a sharp growth in published meta-analyses and pooled analyses in recent years, a reassessment of old evidence is needed. We aimed to determine the level of evidence for the association between the consumption of different food groups/items and dietary fiber and the incidence risk of CVDs, hypertension, and atrial fibrillation from meta-analyses and pooled analyses of observational studies. Databases Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Web of Science were searched for related studies. Fifty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria for evidence grading. In summary, grading the level of evidence showed a suggestive inverse association between the higher consumption of fruits, whole grains, fish, legumes, nuts, and dietary fibers with the incidence risk of hypertension and different types of CVD. Also, there was a probable inverse association between the higher consumption of total and low-fat dairy products and the risk of hypertension. Higher red meat consumption had a probable association with the increased risk of ischemic stroke. Higher consumption of processed meat and poultry also had a suggestive direct association with the incidence risk of stroke and hypertension. We have tried to present a comprehensive and useful overview of the level of evidence based on the most updated findings. The summary of results in the current umbrella review can be a helpful tool for nutritionists, dietitians, and researchers to establish new studies and identify research gaps in related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Jabbari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Safaei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Poursoleiman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Amini
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Babashahi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Meisam Barati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Niknam M, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Kalantari N, Olazadeh K, Amiri P. Improving community readiness among Iranian local communities to prevent childhood obesity. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:344. [PMID: 36793004 PMCID: PMC9931445 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community Readiness Intervention for Tackling Childhood Obesity (CRITCO) is a theory-based intervention being developed to improve the readiness of an Iranian urban population to engage in childhood obesity prevention programs. This study aimed to explore changes in readiness of intervention and control local communities from diverse socio-economic areas of Tehran. METHODS This study was a seven-month quasi-experimental intervention implemented in four intervention communities and compared with four controls. Aligned strategies and action plans were developed around the six dimensions of community readiness. The Food and Nutrition Committee was established in each intervention community to make collaborative efforts among different sectors and assess the fidelity of the intervention. The pre-and post- readiness change was explored through interviews with 46 community key informants. RESULTS The total readiness of intervention sites increased by 0.48 units (p < 0.001) and shifted to the next higher level, from preplanning to the preparation stage. At the same time, the readiness of control communities decreased by 0.39 units (p < 0.001), although their readiness stage remained unchanged, reflecting the fourth stage. Also, a sex-dependent CR change was observed, such that the girls' schools showed a more remarkable improvement in interventions and less decline in controls. The readiness stages of interventions significantly improved for four dimensions related to community efforts, knowledge of the efforts, knowledge of childhood obesity issue, and leadership. Furthermore, the readiness of control communities significantly decreased on three of six dimensions related to community effort, knowledge of efforts, and resources. CONCLUSIONS The CRITCO successfully improved the readiness of intervention sites for addressing childhood obesity. It is hoped that the present study can be a spark for developing readiness-based childhood obesity prevention programs in Middle Eastern and other developing countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION The CRITCO intervention was registered at Iran Registry for Clinical Trials ( http://irct.ir ; IRCT20191006044997N1) on 11/11/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Niknam
- grid.411600.2Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak St., Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- grid.411600.2Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- grid.411600.2Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keyvan Olazadeh
- grid.411600.2Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak St., Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak St., Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran.
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Niknam M, Omidvar N, Amiri P, Eini-Zinab H, kalantari N. Adapting the Community Readiness Model and Validating a Community Readiness Tool for Childhood Obesity Prevention Programs in Iran. J Prev Med Public Health 2023; 56:77-87. [PMID: 36746425 PMCID: PMC9925285 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.22.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It is critical to assess community readiness (CR) when implementing childhood obesity prevention programs to ensure their eventual success and sustainability. Multiple tools have been developed based on various conceptions of readiness. One of the most widely used and flexible tools is based on the community readiness model (CRM). This study aimed to adapt the CRM and assess the validity of a community readiness tool (CRT) for childhood obesity prevention programs in Iran. METHODS A Delphi study that included 26 individuals with expertise in 8 different subject areas was conducted to adapt the CRM into a theoretical framework for developing a CRT. After linguistic validation was conducted for a 35-question CR interview guide, the modified interview guide was evaluated for its content and face validity. The quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed using Stata version 13 and MAXQDA 2010, respectively. RESULTS The Delphi panelists confirmed the necessity/appropriateness and adequacy of all 6 CRM dimensions. The Persian version of the interview guide was then modified based on the qualitative results of the Delphi study, and 2 more questions were added to the community climate dimension of the original CRT. All questions in the modified version had acceptable content and face validity. The final CR interview guide included 37 questions across 6 CRM dimensions. CONCLUSIONS By adapting the CRM and confirming linguistic, content, and face validity, the present study devised a CRT for childhood obesity prevention programs that can be used in relevant studies in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Niknam
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Nasrin Omidvar, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan Street, Shahrak Qods, Tehran 1981629573, Iran E-mail:
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Co-corresponding author: Parisa Amiri, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak Street, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran 1985717413, Iran E-mail:
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ashoori M, Soltani S, T-Clark CC, Eini-Zinab H, Shakibazadeh E, Doustmohamadian A, Abdar-Esfahani B, Mazandaranian M, Omidvar N. Food and nutrition literacy: a predictor for diet quality and nutrient density among late adolescents. Turk J Pediatr 2023; 65:290-300. [PMID: 37114694 DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2022.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding an individual`s food and nutrition literacy (FNL), and its impact on dietary behaviours, could guide the development of more effective interventions. This study sought to examine the association between FNL and its components with diet quality and nutrient density among Iranian senior highschool students. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 755 senior high school students were recruited from high schools in Tehran, Iran. FNL was assessed using the Food and Nutrition Literacy Assessment Tool (FNLAT), a selfadministered questionnaire which has been locally designed and validated. Dietary assessment was performed by obtaining two 24-hour dietary recalls. Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and nutrient-rich food index 9.3 (NRF9.3) were calculated to evaluate diet quality. Socioeconomic status, anthropometric measures, and the health status of participants were also assessed. RESULTS Higher FNL score was significantly correlated with higher HEI-2010 (β = 0.167, p < 0.001) and NRF9.3 (β = 0.145, p < 0.001) scores. Subgroup analysis indicated that these associations were significant only among males, but not females. Regarding components of FNL, skill dimension of FNL was a stronger predictor for HEI- 2010 (β = 0.174, p < 0.001) and NRF9.3 (β = 0.153, p < 0.001) than knowledge (β = 0.083, p = 0.054 for HEI-2010 and β = 0.107, p = 0.01 for NRF9.3). CONCLUSIONS FNL may be a significant predictor of diet quality and nutrient density among late adolescents. To improve the effectiveness of food and nutrition education, emphasis must be placed on skill development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Ashoori
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Cain C T-Clark
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shakibazadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Doustmohamadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abdar-Esfahani
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mazandaranian
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Gholi Z, Vahdat Shariatpanahi Z, Yadegarynia D, Eini-Zinab H. Associations of body mass index with severe outcomes of COVID-19 among critically ill elderly patients: A prospective study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:993292. [PMID: 36908906 PMCID: PMC9994813 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.993292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Few studies assessed the associations of overweight and obesity with severe outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among elderly patients. This study was conducted to assess overweight and obesity in relation to risk of mortality, delirium, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) requirement during treatment, re-hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, and ICU admission among elderly patients with COVID-19. Methods This was a single-center prospective study that was done on 310 elderly patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). We collected data on demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, nutritional status, blood pressure, comorbidities, medications, and types of mechanical ventilation at baseline. Patients were followed up during ICU admission and until 45 days after the first visit, and data on delirium incidence, mortality, need for a form of mechanical ventilation, discharge day from ICU and hospital, and re-hospitalization were recorded for each patient. Results During the follow-up period, we recorded 190 deaths, 217 cases of delirium, and 35 patients who required IMV during treatment. After controlling for potential confounders, a significant association was found between obesity and delirium such that obese patients with COVID-19 had a 62% higher risk of delirium compared with normal-weight patients (HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.02-2.57). This association was not observed for overweight. In terms of other outcomes including ICU/45-day mortality, IMV therapy during treatment, re-hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, and ICU admission, we found no significant association with overweight and obesity either before or after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusion We found that obesity may be a risk factor for delirium among critically ill elderly patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Gholi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Yadegarynia
- Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Sobhani SR, Edalati S, Eini-Zinab H, Kennedy G, Omidvar N. A comparative analysis of sustainability of the usual food intakes of the Iranian population, Iranian food-based dietary guidelines, and optimized dietary models. Front Sustain Food Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.838741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting sustainable diets might contribute toward achieving sustainable development goals. Considering the importance of national food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs), this study aimed to assess and compare the sustainability dimensions of the usual Iranian dietary intakes with sustainable optimal diets based on Iranian (2006 and 2015 versions), Mediterranean, and vegetarian FBDGs. The usual dietary intakes of Iranian households were estimated using household expenditure survey data. Diet sustainability, including environmental (water, carbon, and land) footprints, cost, and nutrient-rich food (NRF) index, was calculated for the usual diet and compared with those of different FBDGs. Using linear and goal programming, optimal food models were calculated by minimizing environmental footprints and cost and maximizing NRF simultaneously for each FBDG, while maintaining nutritional considerations recommended by the FBDGs. Replacing the usual dietary intake of Iranians with the optimal diet based on the 2016 Iranian FBDG was associated with reductions equal to 20.9% for water footprint, 22.48% for carbon footprint, 20.39% for land footprint, 31.83% for cost, and 7.64% increase in NRF index. The optimal model based on the 2016 Iran FBDG was 10% more sustainable compared with the 2005 version. Changing the usual consumption of Iranians to the optimal model based on the Mediterranean pyramid was accompanied by the highest NRF index, lower environmental footprints, and cost compared to other models. The recent Iranian FBDG, compared with the older one, was more sustainable. Considering the dimensions of a sustainable diet for future FBDG revisions is recommended.
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12
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Ezzeddin N, Eini-Zinab H, Kalantari N, Ahmadi M, Beheshti Z. Fear of COVID-19 Higher among Food-Insecure Households: A Model-Based Study, Mediated by Perceived Stress among Iranian Populations. Iran J Psychiatry 2022; 17:401-410. [PMID: 36817807 PMCID: PMC9922359 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v17i4.10689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic is a crisis accompanied by multiple psychological consequences (including fear of COVID-19) and threatens the food security status of millions of people. This study aimed to examine the association between fear of COVID-19 and food insecurity, mediated by perceived stress. Method : This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2871 Iranian participants (18-80 years), recruited through the Social Media during the COVID-19 epidemic. The demographic and socio-economic information questionnaire, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), COVID-19 fear scale (FCV-19S), Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (MSPSS) were used in data gathering. Descriptive and analytical analyses were done using SPSS 22.0 and Amos 22.0 was used for structural equation modeling (SES). Results: Food insecurity has significant positive direct and indirect (mediated by perceived stress) correlations with fear of COVID-19 (P < 0.05). It was also shown that perceived social support could negatively relate to fear of COVID-19 through the pathways of food security status or perceived stress (P < 0.05). Among women, the presence of a child under 5 had a significant direct association with fear of COVID-19 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Food insecurity was associated with more perceived fear of COVID-19 among the studied population. The crisis caused by COVID-19 highlights the need to increase social resilience through developing and implementing appropriate strategies to prevent and mitigate social costs (whether physical, psychological, or nutritional).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ezzeddin
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Address: Shahid Farahzadi Boulvard, Shahid Hafezi Street (Western Arghavan), Ghods Town (West), Tehran, Iran, Postal Code: 1981619573. Tel: 98-21 22077424, Fax: 98-21 22360660,
| | - Mohammad Ahmadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Beheshti
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Jabbari M, Barati M, Khodaei M, Babashahi M, Kalhori A, Tahmassian AH, Mosharkesh E, Arzhang P, Eini-Zinab H. Is collagen supplementation friend or foe in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis? A comprehensive systematic review. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 25:973-981. [PMID: 35791039 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) both are chronic diseases affecting joints. Immune response against collagen in both diseases may have a role in the initiation and progression of the disease. There is a hypothesis that suppression of immune response vs collagen could be a therapeutic approach in RA and OA. Exposure of gut immune system to collagen is a way to suppress immune response against collagen in the joints. So, the current systematic review is aimed to evaluate the effects of collagen supplementation in OA and RA patients. In the current systematic review, online electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Sciences and Scopus were searched and finally 19 articles were included. The enrolled articles evaluated the effects of collagen supplementation on treatment of OA (n = 9) and RA (n = 10). Intact (n = 4) and hydrolyzed (n = 5) collagen were used to treat OA. All of the studies on RA used intact and type II collagen in their intervention. The last trials on collagen supplementation in RA and OA patients were performed in 2011 and 2016, respectively. High adverse effects of collagen supplementation and its low efficiency compared to routine treatments were reported by several included studies. Also, risk of bias assessment showed that most of the studies had poor quality. Therefore, it is not possible to definitely decide on the beneficial or detrimental effects of collagen supplementation on OA and RA patients. Further studies are needed to reach a final decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Jabbari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Barati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khodaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Babashahi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Kalhori
- Nutrition Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Tahmassian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Erfan Mosharkesh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pishva Arzhang
- Qods Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Chegini M, Shirani P, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Pour-Ebrahim F, Rezazadeh A. Relationship between diet quality and depression among Iranian older adults in Tehran. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:708. [PMID: 36028815 PMCID: PMC9419352 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is one of the prevalent mental disorders that is common in older ages. Evidence suggests that dietary intake status may potentially be associated with depression. However, this association has not been well studied in older adults, and the nature of the association remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet quality and depression in free-living older adults living in Tehran city. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 583 older adults (279 men and 304 women) aged 60 to 80 years living in Tehran city, selected by the systematic cluster sampling method. Individuals' dietary intake was determined by two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls, and diet quality was assessed calculating score of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). The validated short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-11) was used to assess depression status. A logistic regression model was used to assess the chance of depression across tertiles of HEI-2015 score. Results The point prevalence of depression was 22.5%, which was significantly higher in women (91 (69.5%) women vs. 40 (30.5%) men). A higher percentage of seniors at the higher tertile of HEI score were women, belonged to Fars ethnicity and had a higher score of activity of daily living (ADL). After adjustment for all potential confounders, the trend of depression chance was significantly decreased in those with higher HEI-2015 scores (p-for trend < 0.05). Conclusion Higher quality of diet was associated with a lower possibility of depression in the studied participants. Further studies are required to investigate the possible causal relationship. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03380-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Chegini
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Shirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pour-Ebrahim
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Eini-Zinab H, Amini M, Abdollahi M. Development of a conceptual framework of food and nutrition literacy in children. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:91. [PMID: 36028904 PMCID: PMC9414122 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00590-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework to better understand food and nutrition literacy and its dimensions and components among Iranian children. METHODS The study included three sub-studies. First, two qualitative studies were conducted to explore experts' and students' perspectives and experiences regarding the topic. A comprehensive qualitative literature review was then conducted to identify food/nutrition literacy definitions and its components in the relevant literature. The data of the above three sub-studies were compiled as text data and were analyzed utilizing MAXQDA2010 software. RESULTS Two main domains, including cognitive and skill domains, emerged from the data analysis. The cognitive domain consisted of food- and nutrition-related knowledge included four subcategories "nutrition knowledge", "lifestyle knowledge", "food safety knowledge", and "knowledge of food and its preparation") as well as "food and nutrition understanding". The skill domain consisted of three dimensions: "functional", "interactive", and "critical" food and nutrition literacy. CONCLUSIONS The developed framework highlights the importance of integrated application of all dimensions of food and nutrition literacy among this population group. It can assist policymakers and curriculum developers in assessing education curricula and developing effective strategies for teaching and learning to increase students' food and nutrition literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Keshavarz-Mohammadi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Jabbari M, Pourmoradian S, Eini-Zinab H, Mosharkesh E, Hosseini Balam F, Yaghmaei Y, Yadegari A, Amini B, Arman Moghadam D, Barati M, Hekmatdoost A. Levels of evidence for the association between different food groups/items consumption and the risk of various cancer sites: an umbrella review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:861-874. [PMID: 35920747 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2103523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the level of evidence on the association between food groups/items consumption and the risk of different cancer sites from the meta-analyses/pooled analyses of observational studies. A systematic search was executed in Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Web of Science. The criteria from the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Expert Report were adopted for evidence grading. In summary, there was convincing evidence for the association between fibre intake and decreased risk of colon and breast cancer. Also, consumption of dairy products, milk, fruits, and fibre was associated with a probable decreased risk of breast cancer. Consumption of whole grains, dairy products, milk, fruits, vegetables, and fibre had a probable inverse association with the incidence risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers. More qualified studies are needed to find reliable findings on the association between various food groups/items consumption and the risk of different cancer sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Jabbari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Pourmoradian
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Mosharkesh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farinaz Hosseini Balam
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Yaghmaei
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Yadegari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Amini
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorsa Arman Moghadam
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Barati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Mokari-Yamchi A, Omidvar N, Tahamipour Zarandi M, Eini-Zinab H. The Effects of Food Taxes and Subsidies on Promoting Healthier Diets in Iranian Households. Front Nutr 2022; 9:917932. [PMID: 35911111 PMCID: PMC9328754 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.917932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Price, as a key driver of food purchasing, has an important role in determining the consumer demand. This study is aimed to estimate the effect of food taxes and subsidies on purchasing patterns of Iranian households (HHs). Methods This study was performed in two phases. In phase one, a two-round Delphi study was conducted to determine and prioritize food-related fiscal policies; and in the second phase, using the Iranian Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), we estimated an almost ideal demand system (AIDS) and simulated changes in purchases, nutrient intake, and consumer welfare under six different policy scenarios: (1) 20% subsidy on vegetables, (2) 20% subsidy on fruits, (3) 30% subsidy on legumes, (4) 25% tax on sugar and sweets, (5) 30% tax on sweetened beverages, and (6) 30% tax on hydrogenated oil and animal fats. Results The highest calorie reduction was detected in sugar and sweets tax, which has resulted in 949.67, 971.68, and 1,148.03 kilocalories decrease in energy intake per Adult Male Equivalent (AME) in all HHs, low-income HHs, and high-income HHs, respectively. In terms of welfare changes, high-income HHs will experience a lower change in welfare (−0.81 to 0.11%) relative to their income when compared with low-income HHs (−0.88 to 0.28%) due to fiscal policies. Conclusion Fiscal policies in Iran can be a potential way to improve dietary choices. The findings provide essential information for decision makers for the implementation of food-related fiscal policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mokari-Yamchi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Tahamipour Zarandi
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Morteza Tahamipour Zarandi,
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hassan Eini-Zinab,
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18
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Eini-Zinab H, Amini M, Abdollahi M. The association and mediation role of Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) with eating behaviors, academic achievement and overweight in 10-12 years old students: a structural equation modeling. Nutr J 2022; 21:45. [PMID: 35778743 PMCID: PMC9248125 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food and nutrition literacy is a key factor in shaping healthy dietary behaviors and may result in decreasing decrease the prevalence of overweight. Empirical research on food and nutrition literacy and its outcomes is limited, especially among children and adolescents. Thus, this study investigates the link between Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) with eating behaviors, academic performance, and overweight in 10–12 years old students in Tehran, Iran. Methods This study was performed through two phases: 1) Proposing a conceptual model of the relationship between FNLIT and its determinants and outcomes, based on the existing evidence and previous models, and 2) Testing the proposed FNLIT model through a cross-sectional study on 803 primary school students (419 boys and 384 girls, from 34 public and 10 private primary schools), aged 10–12 years using structural equation modeling. Demographic, socio-economic, and household food security characteristics were collected by interviewing the students and their mothers/caregivers using a questionnaire. FNLIT was measured by a self-administered, locally designed, and validated questionnaire. Results The fit indices suggested a reasonably adequate fit of the data to the hypothesized model (χ2/df = 2.03, p < 0.001, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.90, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.88, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.91, incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.91, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04, standardized root mean residual (SRMR) = 0.06). SES was directly and positively related to FNLIT and its subscale in students. FNLIT score had a positive direct (non-mediated) relationship with healthy eating behavior and academic performance. This pattern was strongly reversed in unhealthy eating behavior. There was a full mediation relationship between FNLIT and overweight/obesity via healthy eating behaviors. SES predicted academic performance partially through the mediating effect of Food Label Literacy (FLL). The results indicated that despite the direct relationship between SES and academic performance, an indirect but negative relationship existed with food insecurity. The finding also revealed the fully mediating role of Food Choice Literacy (FCL) in the relationship between demographic factors and healthy eating behaviors. Our study also found that Interactive Food and Nutrition Literacy (IFNL) protected unhealthy eating behaviors, and FCL predicted healthy eating behaviors in children. Conclusion Our study draws attention to FNLIT, especially the skills domain, including IFNL, FCL, and FLL, as the most important determinant of healthy eating behavior, academic performance, and weight status in school-age children reduces social inequalities in children’s development. To ensure an adequate level of FNLIT, educators should assess and plan to enhance food literacy skills in children and adolescents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-022-00796-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pourmoradian S, Kalantari N, Ostadrahimi A, Eini-Zinab H, Milani Bonab A. Review of Nutrition Policy Options for Increasing Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in the Populations: Lesson Learned and Policy Implications. JNFS 2022. [DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v7i2.9340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The development of policies for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is highlighted as a priority in developing countries. This review study aimed to present the available policy options for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in the populations. Methods: To collect relevant English publications, five electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Ovid from 2000 until 1st January 2021 were searched. The national or population based programs aimed to increase fruit and/or vegetable intake were included. Four types of policy options were recognized, including food promotion, school and workplace food environment regulations, agriculture, food production, supply and storage, and fiscal policies. Results: Increasing consumer’s knowledge has been more effective in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among populations. However, most of the interventions in the workplace and school emphasize increasing knowledge and changing access to healthy food. Conclusion: In general, the evaluation of these policies has been done in the short term and has had a moderate impact on changing dietary behavior. Agricultural and food supply chain policies are currently less researched. Finally, recent evidence suggests that multi-component interventions are more effective than one-component interventions.
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Sobhani SR, Eini-Zinab H, Rezazadeh A. Socioeconomic Status and Changes in Iranian Household Food Basket Using National Household Budget and Expenditure Survey Data, 1991-2017. ijph 2022; 51:919-928. [PMID: 35936548 PMCID: PMC9288409 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i4.9254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Socioeconomic factors are major determinants of health and food consumption. The aim of the present study was assessing the changes in energy and different food groups consumption related to the socioeconomic status of Iranian households. Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, 717432 households data from the Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) conducted yearly by the Statistical Centre of Iran (SCI) from 1991 to 2017 was used. The food consumption outcome was modeled as a function of household head age, household head age-squared, socioeconomic variables, household size, place of residence, and household‘s head sex. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was used to extract a socioeconomic status variable based on the educational, occupational, and income status of households. A cross-classified random effects modeling (CCREM) specifications of Hierarchical Age-Period-Cohort (HAPC) models was used in the present study. Results: In the present study, by moving to the higher quartiles of SES had higher calorie intake increased. There was a positive relationship between “Vegetables”, “Fruits”, “Dairy”, “Meat, Poultry, Fish, Eggs, Legumes, and Nuts” and “Fats, Oils, Sugars, and Sweets” with socioeconomic statues category. In the case of “Bread, Cereal, Rice, and Pasta”, there was a reverse relationship, and lower SES quartile consumed a higher amount of this food group. Conclusion: Lower income, education, and occupational status in lower SES quartile groups lead to lower calorie consumption and higher consumption of “Bread, Cereal, Rice, and Pasta” food group, which had lower energy cost compared to the other food groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Reza Sobhani
- Department Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author:
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sheikhi M, Omidvar N, Tabatabaei SM, Eini-Zinab H. Is nutritional functional diversity in the rural food and nutrition system associated with food security and nutrient adequacy? A case study of rural areas of Zahedan district, Iran. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:751. [PMID: 35421969 PMCID: PMC9008399 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An overlooked problem in food and nutrition system analysis is assuring adequate diversity for a healthy diet. Little is known about nutrient diversity in food and nutrition systems and how it transmits to dietary diversity. Nutritional functional diversity (NFD) is a metric that describes diversity in providing nutrients from farm to market and the consumption level. The objective of this study is to determine the NFD score at different stages of the rural food and nutrition system, including household's agricultural and home production, domestic food processing, purchased food, and diet. It also aims to explore the association between NFD and nutrient adequacy, food security, and anthropometric indicators. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 321 households in 6 villages of Zahedan district. The NFD score was measured at three subsystems (production, processing, and consumption) of the food and nutrition system. Household food security, mean adequacy ratio (MAR), and anthropometrics of the household's head were measured to assess the association between NFD and food and nutrition indicators. Linear and bivariate statistical techniques were applied to study the associations between variables. RESULTS In the rural food and nutrition system, the food purchased from the city plays the main role in the households NFD score. Their contribution to total NFD was twice that of the food items purchased from the village. The NFD score of homestead production and households food processing was found to be five times less than those of food purchased from cities. The food insecure households had significantly lower NFD scores for food purchased from the city and higher NFD scores for purchased food items from the rural market and native wild vegetable consumption. A strong and positive relationship was observed between NFD of food items purchased from the city and households'MAR. No significant association was found between the NFD score of homestead production, processing, and dependent variables, i.e. food insecurity, MAR, and household head anthropometrics. CONCLUSION NFD score, as a relatively new metric, could help in determining diversity from farm to diet and identifying the gaps to plan appropriate interventions for improving diversity in the local food system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Sheikhi
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Hafezi St., Farahzadi Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Hafezi St., Farahzadi Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Hafezi St., Farahzadi Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
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Karimi T, Eini-Zinab H, Rezazadeh A, Moslemi Z. Maternal dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy in relation with anthropometric measurements of newborns at birth: a cohort study in Tehran city. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:129. [PMID: 35279127 PMCID: PMC8917625 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal dietary intake during pregnancy plays an important role in fetal development and birth outcomes. The aim of the present study was to determine maternal dietary diversity and Nutritional adequacy in relation with anthropometric measurements of newborn at birth as a cohort study in Tehran city. Methods This prospective cohort study, was conducted by participation of 585 pregnant women referred to public health centers and hospitals covered by Shahid Beheshti, Tehran and Iran Universities in Tehran City. Using face-to-face interviews, general characteristics were obtained by questionnaire. Pre-pregnancy dietary intake was measured by a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at the first visit, and dietary intake during pregnancy was measured by 2 non-consecutive 24-h food recall (one holiday and one regular day) at 31–34 weeks. Maternal height and weight were measured using standard tools and protocol at the first visit, and maternal weight at the end of pregnancy and data related to neonatal anthropometric indices were collected from mothers and neonates health records in the Sib electrical system. By applying SPSS software (version 23) the association was analyzed by linear regression with adjusting for confounding factors. P-value< 0.05 was considered as significant. Results Mean ± standard deviation of body mass index (BMI) of pre-pregnancy, pregnancy weight gain, BMI for age z-score (BAZ) at birth of infants were 24.52 ± 4.12, 12.16 ± 6.85 kg and − 0.61 ± 1.48, respectively. Mean ± SD of the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) before and during pregnancy were 5.31 ± 1.11, vs.5.23 ± 1.42 and 289.85 ± 113.12 vs. 371.07 ± 197.28, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors DDS in the third trimester of pregnancy was inversely correlated with WAZ (B = -0.16, 95% CI = - 0.23_0.30) and BAZ (B = − 0.24, 95% CI = - 0.06_0. 42) at birth, MAR of pre-pregnancy (B = − 0.001, 95% CI = - 0.002_0.00) and in the third trimester of pregnancy (B = − 0.18, 95% CI = - 0.35_0.004) were negatively associated with WAZ at birth. Conclusion The findings showed that maternal nutritional status (dietary diversity and nutritional adequacy) before and during pregnancy were correlated with neonatal anthropometric indices at birth.
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Niknam M, Omidvar N, Amiri P, Eini-Zinab H, Kalantari N. The Action Plan and Strategy Development for the Community Readiness Improvement for Tackling Childhood Obesity (CRITCO) Study. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2022; 20:e111371. [PMID: 35432551 PMCID: PMC8994822 DOI: 10.5812/ijem.111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community Readiness Improvement for Tackling Childhood Obesity (CRITCO) study has been developed based on the community readiness model (CRM) to improve the readiness of targeted local communities from two diverse socioeconomic districts of Tehran for tackling childhood obesity (CO) of late primary school children (10 - 12 years of age). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the rationale and process of developing the fourth phase of CRITCO study by developing an intervention package. METHODS The readiness level data was used to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of four intervention sites to guide proper strategies in partnership with key community members. Then, the action plan was developed as a living document to guide a 6-month quasi-experimental community-based intervention around the six dimensions of CRM. Finally, the community engagement process, outcome, and evaluation process were explained. RESULTS The current report described the action plan and strategy development of the CRITCO study. Expectedly, this study can provide valuable information to guide the public health policymakers in planning and executing relevant interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Niknam
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pourghaderi M, Omidvar N, Takian A, Ville AS, Kangarani HM, Eini-Zinab H. Who really counts in Iran’s National Food Assistance Program? Lessons from multi-stakeholder processes in the wicked policy area of food security. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:e00341820. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00341820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Multi-stakeholder processes - as a necessary part in the development of public policies - can provide diverse perspectives to inform and to improve food security policy-making. Iran’s National Food Assistance Program (NFAP) is one of the major welfare programs in Iran that reduces food insecutiry to low-income households. This study aimed to identify and to categorize actual and potential stakeholders in NFAP using the stakeholder salience model. According to Mitchell’s theory, stakeholders’ attributes (power, legitimacy, and urgency) were assessed based on the nature of their interactions, roles, and level of engagement. Results revealed a number of significant but marginalized stakeholders, including Iranian Ministry of Health (office of community nutrition improvement), academia, center for food and nutrition research, target group, charities, and international organizations, who have not received any targeted organizational attention and priority to their claims. The unbalanced attention provided to some stakeholder groups characterized as “definitive” and “dominant” and ignoring some important ones will jeopardize long-term viability and undermine support for the program with inevitable declines in legitimacy. Understanding the change in the stakeholders’ characteristics is the main variable to determine the allocation of organizational resources in response to different and rising stakeholders’ demands and possibly the projects outcomes. This will facilitate and enhance the possibility of knowledge exchange and learning, and greater trust among stakeholders during the food and nutrition policy-making process.
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Sobhani SR, Eini-Zinab H, Rezazadeh A. Assessing the Changes in Iranian Household Food Basket Using National Household Budget and Expenditure Survey Data, 1991-2017. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:148. [PMID: 34912524 PMCID: PMC8631119 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_404_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was assessing the changes in Iranian household food basket. The Households Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) data of 717,432 of Iranian households from 1991 to 2017 were used in this repeated cross-sectional study. METHODS A cross-classified random-effects modeling (CCREM) specifications of hierarchical age-period-cohort (HAPC) in two models, one without controlling for the effects of key individual characteristics, namely socioeconomic status; household size; place; and household head sex, and another one with controlling for the effect of mentioned variables, was used in the present study. RESULTS The present study showed that the equivalent to an adult male daily consumption of "total calorie" (P value = 0.0001) and "fats, oils, sugars, and sweets" (P value = 0.0002) had an increasing trend from 1991 to 2004 and a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2017 among Iranian households. The daily consumption of "bread, cereal, rice, and pasta" (P value = 0.0001) had a decreasing and "fruits" (P value = 0.0002) had a rising trend during periods. After an increasing trend for the "meat, poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, and nuts" (P value = 0.0002) and "vegetable" (P value=<0.0001) by 2004, there was a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2017, but the share of them in the total calorie consumption increased. The "dairy" (P value = 0.0002) consumption had a decreasing trend in recent years. CONCLUSIONS Iranian household food basket, during these years, had significant changes that some of them (increase in the share of the vegetables and fruits in the total calorie intake) are positive and some of them are negative (decrease in the consumption of dairy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Reza Sobhani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Niknam M, Omidvar N, Amiri P, Eini-Zinab H, Kalantari N. Community readiness for childhood obesity prevention programs: findings from an urban population in Iran. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:824-835. [PMID: 33111938 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the Iranian local communities' readiness stage to engage with childhood obesity prevention programs for late primary school children in districts 2 and 16 of Tehran as the representatives of high and low socio-economic districts, respectively. First, a Delphi approach was conducted to assess the socio-cultural necessity/appropriateness and adequacy of the community readiness model and its dimensions as a planning basis for childhood obesity prevention program(s) in Iran. Then, the community readiness interview guide's translation, modification, content and face validity were performed. Finally, 66 interviews with key informants were conducted and scored to assess community readiness. The socio-cultural necessity/appropriateness and adequacy of community readiness model and its dimensions were confirmed by Delphi participants and two questions were added to the interview guide. Content and face validity of the interview guide were at acceptable levels. Assessment of the community readiness based on the key informants' perspective showed that the overall mean readiness score of targeted local communities was 4.61 ± 0.54 and 4.22 ± 0.26 in high and low socio-economic districts, respectively, corresponded to 'preplanning stage'. The highest score was 5.00 ± 0.48 correspond to the 'preparation stage', which belonged to girls' schools in district 2. Small differences were found in the readiness stage of local communities by sex and socio-economic status of schools. The results highlight the need to increase community awareness, gain their support to recognize childhood obesity as a priority, address cultural misconceptions and improve the obesity prevention programs to achieve a higher level of readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Niknam
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran 1981629573
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran 1981629573
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak St., Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran 1985717413
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran 1981629573
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan, St. Farahzadi Blvd., Shahrak Qods, Tehran, Iran 1981629573
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Ashoori M, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Shakibazadeh E, Doustmohamadian A, Abdar-Esfahani B, Mazandaranian M. Food and nutrition literacy status and its correlates in Iranian senior high-school students. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:19. [PMID: 34082827 PMCID: PMC8176697 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Planning interventions to promote food and nutrition literacy (FNL) require a better understanding of the FNL status of the target group and its correlates. Aims This study aimed to examine the FNL status and its determinants in Iranian senior high-school students. Methods In this cross-sectional study, FNL and its components (food and nutrition knowledge, functional skills, interactive skills, advocacy, critical analysis of information, and food label reading skill) were evaluated by a locally designed and validated, self-administered questionnaire. Besides, socioeconomic, demographic, anthropometric measures, as well as academic performance of 626 senior high-school students were assessed. Results The mean ± SD of the total FNL score (within potential range of 0 to 100) was 52.1 ± 10.96, which is below the minimum adequate level of 60. The probability of high FNL knowledge score was significantly higher among students who majored in Natural Sciences (OR = 1.73, CI = 1.09–2.75), had better school performance (OR = 1.13, CI = 1.06–1.20) and higher SES score (OR = 1.20, CI = 1.01–1.44). The score for food label reading was significantly lower in girls (OR = 0.45, CI = 0.31–0.67), while those who had a family member with the nutrition-related disease were more likely to have a higher score of food label reading skill (OR = 1.48, CI = 1.01–1.64). Conclusion The level of FNL in senior high-school students in Tehran was relatively low. These findings have key messages for the education system and curriculum designers to have more consideration for food and nutrition-related knowledge and skills in schools. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-021-00426-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Ashoori
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan St. Farahzadi Blvd., Sharake Qods, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan St. Farahzadi Blvd., Sharake Qods, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shakibazadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Doustmohamadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abdar-Esfahani
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan St. Farahzadi Blvd., Sharake Qods, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mazandaranian
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, West Arghavan St. Farahzadi Blvd., Sharake Qods, Tehran, Iran
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Ashoori M, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Shakibazadeh E, Doustmohamadian A. Development and Validation of Food and Nutrition Literacy Assessment Tool for Iranian High-school Graduates and Youth. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:185. [PMID: 33456741 PMCID: PMC7804877 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_466_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Food and nutrition literacy (FNL) is an emerging concept that emphasizes not only on personal knowledge, but food and nutrition skills about. This study aimed to develop and validate a food and nutrition literacy assessment tool (FNLAT) for youth and high-school graduates in Iran. Methods: The study protocol included the following steps: First, FNL components for Iranian high-school graduates and youth were identified through literature review and interviews with experts. Delphi method was used in order to achieve consensus about FNL components. Then, the questionnaire items were generated, and its content and face validity were assessed. Construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated through applying principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in the next step. Finally, reliability of the FNLAT was assessed by calculating Cronbach's Alpha and evaluating test-retest reliability. Results: A 104-item questionnaire was developed. S-CVI was ≥90 which confirmed content validity of the questionnaire. PCA suggested that it was constructed of 6 factors, one in knowledge domain (food and nutrition knowledge) and five in skill domain (functional skills, interactive skills, advocacy, critical analysis of information, and food label reading skills). On the basis of CFA, the fit indices of the model had acceptable fit and confirmed construct validity of the FNLAT (X2/df = 1.58, RMSEA = 0.041; P = 1.00, RMR = 0.034, GFI = 0.79). The values of Cronbach's Alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) confirmed internal consistency and time stability of the FNLAT and its subscales. Conclusions: The developed FNLAT is a valid and reliable tool to assess FNL in Iranian late adolescents and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Ashoori
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shakibazadeh
- Departmentof Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Doustmohamadian
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Haghighian Roudsari A, Vedadhir A, Amiri P, Kalantari N, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H. Developing and Validating Food Choice Determinants Questionnaire: An Instrument for Exploring Food Choice Determinants in Iran. Int J Prev Med 2020; 11:141. [PMID: 33088469 PMCID: PMC7554605 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_250_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was carried out to design and validate a questionnaire to measure the majority of factors influencing food choices among adults in Iran. Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed-method approach was applied to develop the initial item pool of the Food Choice Determinants Questionnaire (FCDQ) starting with a qualitative study to explore the food choice dimensions and its components. Designing the initial questionnaire using these dimensions and the 36-item Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) was then performed. The face, content, and construct validity were also assessed. The construct validity of the questionnaire was assessed using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Cronbach's alpha was applied for each main theme to examine the internal consistency. Results: After content and face validity process, a 60-item FCDQ was developed with total items' content validity index (CVI) of 0.69 indicating a reasonable level. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for each of the six constructs in the scale have shown satisfactory internal consistency. Conclusions: This instrument is valid and reliable to measure food choice determinants in adults and could be applied to design interventions aiming to better food choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Haghighian Roudsari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - AbouAli Vedadhir
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jabbari M, Barati M, Fathollahi A, Javanmardi F, Hemmati F, Farahmand F, Mirmiran P, Eini-Zinab H, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Can Oral Tolerance Explain the Inconsistencies Associated with Total Dietary Diversity and Colon Cancer? A Mechanistic Systematic Review. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2101-2112. [PMID: 32940541 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1819349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among the gastrointestinal tract cancers, the risk of colon cancer is strongly dependent on dietary factors. For the first time in the current review, all the original case-control studies, associated with the correlation between total dietary diversity score and colon cancer risk, were evaluated. In this regard, three databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, were investigated to retrieve the related citations from 1990 until 2019. Among the included citations, three studies were finally included. In these included studies, the dietary diversity score was evaluated with 129-item and 800-item FFQs. Findings reveal that total dietary diversity can increase the risk of colon cancer in men, but not women; while, one study using 57-item FFQ reported the beneficial association of total dietary diversity with colon cancer among men. Significant demand for conducting more research to investigate the real mechanistic effects of dietary diversity on the risk of colon cancer development was demonstrated due to the inconsistent, questionable, and incomplete findings associated with the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Jabbari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Barati
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anwar Fathollahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Javanmardi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hemmati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Farahmand
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Industry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP Campinas), São Paulo, Brazil
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Fereidani SS, Sedaghat F, Eini-Zinab H, Heidari Z, Jalali S, Mohammadi E, Naja F, Assadi M, Rashidkhani B. Gaussian Graphical Models Identified Food Intake Networks among Iranian Women with and without Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1890-1897. [PMID: 32924597 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1820051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary patterns may be an important predictor of breast cancer risk. However, they cannot completely explain the pairwise correlations among foods. The purpose of this study is to compare food intake networks derived by Gaussian Graphical Models (GGMs) for women with and without breast cancer to better understand how foods are consumed in relation to each other according to disease status. METHODS A total of 134 women with breast cancer and 267 hospital controls were selected from referral hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intakes were evaluated by using a validated 168 food-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. GGMs were applied to log-transformed intakes of 28 food groups to construct outcome-specific food networks. RESULTS Among cases, a main network containing intakes of 12 central food groups (vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds, olive oil and olive, processed meat, sweets, salt, soft drinks, fried potatoes, pickles, low-fat dairy, pizza) was detected. In controls, a main network including six central food groups (liquid oils, vegetables, fruits, sweets, fried potatoes and soft drinks) was identified. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study revealed a difference in GGM-identified networks graphs between cases and controls. Overall, GGM may provide additional understanding of relationships between diet and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Sadat Fereidani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sedaghat
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Mehr Fertility Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Heidari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Jalali
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Mohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, Kalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mojan Assadi
- Department of Oncology, Shahid Madani Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bahram Rashidkhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Eini-Zinab H, Edalati S, Sobhani S, Kezabi M, Hosseini S. Undernourishment trends and determinants: an ecological study of 76 countries. Public Health 2020; 186:230-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yari Z, Cheraghpour M, Alavian SM, Hedayati M, Eini-Zinab H, Hekmatdoost A. The efficacy of flaxseed and hesperidin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an open-labeled randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020; 75:99-111. [PMID: 32647367 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0679-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing in prevalence globally and no definitive evidence for any approved pharmacological approaches for patients with NAFLD has been found yet. This study was aimed to assess the clinical effects of flaxseed and hesperidin in patients with NAFLD. SUBJECTS/METHODS In this randomized, controlled, clinical trial, one hundred eligible patients with NAFLD were enrolled and randomly assigned to four dietary intervention groups including lifestyle modification program (control), lifestyle modification program with 30 g whole flaxseed powder, lifestyle modification program with 1 g hesperidin supplementation, and lifestyle modification program with combination of 30 g flaxseed and 1 g hesperidin (flax-hes) for 12 weeks. The changes in anthropometric parameters, metabolic profiles of glucose and lipids, inflammatory biomarkers and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were evaluated. RESULTS After the 12-week dietary interventions, significant reductions in body mass index, glucose hemostasis parameters and hepatic steatosis were observed in all groups. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant effect for time relative to almost all paraclinical parameters. Post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction revealed that the three intervention groups experienced significant decreases in plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase, indices of insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, fasting glucose and fatty liver index compared to control (p < 0.008). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study confirmed that hesperidin and flaxseed supplementation improved glucose and lipid metabolism, while reduced inflammation and hepatic steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter) in NAFLD patients. The synergistic effects of their combination were observed on plasma glucose concentration and HOMA-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Yari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Makan Cheraghpour
- Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Eini-Zinab H, Amini M, Abdollahi M, Amirhamidi Z, Haidari H. Low food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT): a barrier to dietary diversity and nutrient adequacy in school age children. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:286. [PMID: 32532341 PMCID: PMC7291429 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to assess the relationship between Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) and dietary diversity score (DDS); FNLIT and nutrient adequacy (NAR%, MAR%) in school-age children in Iran. Results This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 803 primary school students in Tehran, Iran. Socio-economic, as well as three 24-h dietary recalls were collected through interviewing students and their mothers/caregivers. FNLIT was measured by a self-administered locally designed and validated questionnaire. Low level of FFNL was significantly associated with higher odds of low DDS (OR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.32–3.62), the first tertile of fruit diversity score (OR = 3.88, 95% CI 2.14–6.99), and the first tertile of dairy diversity score (OR = 9.60, 95% CI 2.07–44.58). Low level of IFNL was significantly associated with probability of lower meat diversity score (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.07–2.81). Low level of FLL was also significantly associated with probability of lower DDS (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.11–2.94), dairy diversity score (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.02–3.98), and meat diversity score (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.32–3.45).Low FNLIT and its subscales were associated with higher odds of low level of NAR of protein, calcium, vitamin B3, B6, B9, as well as the probability of lower level of MAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Department of Nutrition Research, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Amirhamidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Haidari
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ezzeddin N, Eini-Zinab H, Ajami M, Kalantari N, Sheikhi M. WHO Ending Childhood Obesity and Iran-Ending Childhood Obesity Programs Based on Urban Health Equity Indicators: A Qualitative Content Analysis. Arch Iran Med 2019; 22:646-652. [PMID: 31823630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The childhood obesity epidemic is one of the most serious global health challenges, and many relevant policies have been designed and implemented. Regarding health equity policy-making, it is important to adopt proper interventional strategies, including childhood obesity policies. The purpose of this study is to assess compliance with the WHO Ending Childhood Obesity (ECHO), and the Iran-Ending Childhood Obesity (IRAN-ECHO) program draft in terms of Urban Health Equity Indicators (UHEIs) in Iran. METHODS This is a descriptive study, using a directed quantitative content analysis approach to analyze the ECHO report and IRAN-ECHO program draft, based on Iranian UHEI. The UHEI consist of 52 indicators in 5 domains. The frequency of each code in the ECHO report and IRAN-ECHO draft was calculated and analyzed. RESULTS In total, 148 and 84 phrases or words in ECHO and IRAN-ECHO were encoded with UHEI concepts. The results showed that the physical activity indicator was the most frequent among indicators in both ECHO (n = 48, 32.43%) and IRAN-ECHO (n = 41, 48.80%). Indicators 28 (prevalence of underweight in children under 5, n = 14, 9.45%) and 19 (use of primary care services, n = 21, 25%) were the next most frequent in ECHO and IRAN-ECHO, respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, ECHO and IRAN-ECHO had high compliance with some UHEI, especially indicators placed in domain 3 (social and human development). It indicates that social and human development plays an important role in preventing and controlling childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ezzeddin
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Sheikhi
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Doustmohammadian A, Keshavarz Mohammadi N, Omidvar N, Amini M, Abdollahi M, Eini-Zinab H, Amirhamidi Z, Esfandiari S, Nutbeam D. Food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) and its predictors in primary schoolchildren in Iran. Health Promot Int 2019; 34:1002-1013. [PMID: 30101341 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/day050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study used a locally designed and validated questionnaire to describe the distribution of food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) in a cross-sectional sample of 803 students aged 10-12 years from elementary schools in Tehran city, Iran. Logistic regression was used to assess the extent to which various independent covariates were associated with low FNLIT. The data were used to identify significant differences using a range of social and cultural variables relevant to the context of school students in Iran. The results of the study showed that although the total FNLIT level was good, this headline finding masked important differences in the sub-domains. More than half of the children (69%) had high levels of FNLIT in the cognitive domain, but in the skills domain, very few (3%) scored highly. The study also identified some associations between the total FNLIT and its subscales and sociodemographic variables including gender, parent's education and age, birth order. These results highlighted groups within the school population who were at higher risk of having lower FNLIT levels. They also indicate that girls feel more able to exert choice and control over food and nutrition decisions than boys are but may be less able to do so in practice. Overall, these results are a general reminder to schools of the different learning needs of children from different family backgrounds. The article highlights the need for continuous improvement in the health education curriculum of schools in Iran, particularly highlighting the importance of giving greater attention to the development of practical food and nutrition skills alongside more traditional food and nutrition knowledge. Additional studies (with long-term follow-up) are needed to more fully assess and understand the predictors of FNLIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aazam Doustmohammadian
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Amirhamidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Esfandiari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Doaei S, Kalantari N, Mohammadi NK, Izadi P, Gholamalizadeh M, Eini-Zinab H, Salonurmi T, Jarrahi AM, Rafieifar S, Janipoor R, Sadeghypor M, Tabesh GA, Goodarzi MO. Up-regulation of FTO gene expression was associated with increase in skeletal muscle mass in overweight male adolescents. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1133-1137. [PMID: 31572457 PMCID: PMC6764316 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.87239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The modifying effect of FTO gene expression level on change in body mass index and body composition has not been studied before. This study aimed to investigate the association between change in the expression level of the FTO gene and changes in anthropometric measurements in obese and overweight adolescent boys. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-four boys aged 12 to 16 years participated in this longitudinal study. A Bio Impedance Analyzer (BIA) was used to estimate percentage of body fat (%BF) and percentage of skeletal muscle (%SM). The FTO gene expression level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). All measurements were performed at baseline and after 18 weeks. RESULTS After 18 weeks, mean weight was reduced by 2.39 kg, body mass index by 0.09 kg/m2, %BF by 0.82% and %SM increased by 0.44%. Moreover, the level of FTO gene expression increased 0.42-fold higher than baseline. The change in expression level of the FTO gene was positively associated with change in %SM (β = 0.31, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS FTO gene expression change was associated with change in %SM in male adolescents. Future studies are required to assess the interactions between FTO gene expression in different tissues and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Doaei
- Research Center of Health and Environment, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tuire Salonurmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Rafieifar
- Health Promotion and Education Department, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Janipoor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sadeghypor
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Sobhani SR, Rezazadeh A, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H. Healthy diet: a step toward a sustainable diet by reducing water footprint. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:3769-3775. [PMID: 30637755 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper aims to assess different scenarios that reduce water use by following healthy diet recommendations. In this study, a food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the usual food intake of a sample of 723 individuals, aged 20-64 years, from Urmia, Iran. In order to calculate water use for production of food items, the water footprint method was applied. A linear programming technique was used to find a healthy diet with low blue water footprint in three scenarios. RESULTS The biggest decline in water use compared with real intake (57%) was found in scenario 1, where the model-generated consider energy intake equal to usual energy intake. In scenario 2, in which the proportion of each food group was allowed to be in accordance with the Iranian food pyramid, the reduction in water use was less than for scenario 1 (47%). In scenario 3, where the Recommended Dietary Allowance values were also added to the set of model restrictions, the water usage was 51% of the real diet. CONCLUSION A healthy diet with greater proportion of energy from fruit and dairy instead of a diet with high proportion of energy from 'meat-fish-poultry-eggs' and 'bread-cereal-rice-pasta' can supply all Recommended Dietary Allowances while reducing water use. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Reza Sobhani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Tehran, Iran
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Doaei S, Kalantari N, Keshavarz Mohammadi N, Izadi P, Gholamalizadeh M, Eini-Zinab H, Salonurmi T, Mosavi Jarrahi A, Rafieifar S, Najafi R, Sadeghypor M, Azizi Tabesh G, Goodarzi MO. The Role of FTO Genotype in the Association Between FTO Gene Expression and Anthropometric Measures in Obese and Overweight Adolescent Boys. Am J Mens Health 2018; 13:1557988318808119. [PMID: 30373434 PMCID: PMC6771125 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318808119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of FTO genotype in the effect of FTO gene expression level on change in body mass index and body composition has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the role of FTO genotype in the association between change in the expression level of the FTO gene with changes in anthropometric measurements in obese and overweight adolescent boys. Eighty-four boys aged 12 to 16 years participated in this longitudinal study. A bioimpedance analyzer (BIA) was used to estimate percentage of body fat (%body fat) and percentage of skeletal muscle (%skeletal muscle). The FTO gene expression level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed using quantitative Real Time PCR (qPCR). The DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO gene polymorphisms by DNA sequencing. All measurements were performed at baseline and after intervention. A significant association was observed between the level of gene expression and %skeletal muscle. The gene expression fold change was significantly associated with change in %skeletal muscle in AA or AG genotype carriers (β = 0.34, p = .02). No significant association was detected between the change in FTO gene expression with change in anthropometric indices in GG genotype carriers. In conclusion, the association between FTO gene expression and body composition can be influenced by FTO genotype. Future studies are required to assess the interactions between FTO genotype, FTO gene expression in different tissues, and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Doaei
- 1 Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.,2 Research Center of Health and Environment, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,3 Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- 4 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pantea Izadi
- 6 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- 3 Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- 4 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tuire Salonurmi
- 7 Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Shahram Rafieifar
- 8 Health Promotion and Education Department, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Najafi
- 9 Deputy of Education and Training of Naja, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sadeghypor
- 10 Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- 11 Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- 12 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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40
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Mansoori P, Majdzadeh R, Abdi Z, Rudan I, Chan KY, Aarabi M, Ahmadnezhad E, Ahmadnia S, Akhondzadeh S, Azin A, Azizi F, Dehnavieh R, Eini-Zinab H, Farzadfar F, Farzaei MH, Ghanei M, Haghdoost A, Hantoushzadeh S, Heydari G, Joulaei H, Kalantari N, Kelishadi R, Khosravi A, Larijani B, Mahvi AH, Bavani ARM, Mesdaghinia A, Mokri A, Montazeri A, Mostafavi E, Motevalian SA, Naddafi K, Nikfar S, Nojoumi SA, Noroozian M, Olyaeemanesh A, Omidvar N, Ostadtaghizadeh A, Pourmalek F, Rahimi R, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rashidian A, Razaghi E, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Zalani GS, Soori H, Tabrizi JS, Vedadhir A, Yazdizadeh B, Yunesian M, Zare M. Setting research priorities to achieve long-term health targets in Iran. J Glob Health 2018; 8:020702. [PMID: 30356511 PMCID: PMC6188089 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.08.020702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In 2015, it was estimated that the burden of disease in Iran comprised of 19 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), 74% of which were due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The observed leading causes of death were cardiovascular diseases (41.9%), neoplasms (14.9%), and road traffic injuries (7.4%). Even so, the health research investment in Iran continues to remain limited. This study aims to identify national health research priorities in Iran for the next five years to assist the efficient use of resources towards achieving the long-term health targets. Methods Adapting the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method, this study engaged 48 prominent Iranian academic leaders in the areas related to Iran’s long-term health targets, a group of research funders and policy makers, and 68 stakeholders from the wider society. 128 proposed research questions were scored independently using a set of five criteria: feasibility, impact on health, impact on economy, capacity building, and equity. Findings The top-10 priorities were focused on the research questions relating to: health insurance system reforms to improve equity; integration of NCDs prevention strategy into primary health care; cost-effective population-level interventions for NCDs and road traffic injury prevention; tailoring medical qualifications; epidemiological assessment of NCDs by geographic areas; equality in the distribution of health resources and services; current and future common health problems in Iran’s elderly and strategies to reduce their economic burden; the status of antibiotic resistance in Iran and strategies to promote rational use of antibiotics; the health impacts of water crisis; and research to replace the physician-centered health system with a team-based one. Conclusions These findings highlight consensus amongst various prominent Iranian researchers and stakeholders over the research priorities that require investment to generate information and knowledge relevant to the national health targets and policies. The exercise should assist in addressing the knowledge gaps to support both the National General Health Policies by 2025 and the health targets of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mansoori
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Joint corresponding authors
| | - Reza Majdzadeh
- Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Community Based Participatory Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Joint corresponding authors
| | - Zhaleh Abdi
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Igor Rudan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kit Yee Chan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.,Joint corresponding authors
| | | | - Mohsen Aarabi
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Diabetic Research Center, Cancer Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Elham Ahmadnezhad
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Azin
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Dehnavieh
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghanei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisoning Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - AliAkbar Haghdoost
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh
- Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Heydari
- Tobacco Prevention & Control Research Center, National Research Institute of TB & Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Joulaei
- Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- National Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Khosravi
- Deputy for Public Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Massah Bavani
- Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghinia
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azarakhsh Mokri
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Population Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR. Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Management and Economics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Nojoumi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Noroozian
- Memory and Behavioral Neurology Division, Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran
| | - Alireza Olyaeemanesh
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Health Equity Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh
- Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Pourmalek
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacy in Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Rashidian
- Director of Information, Evidence and Research, Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emran Razaghi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hamid Soori
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health, Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - AbouAli Vedadhir
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,UCL Department of Science and Technology Studies, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Bahareh Yazdizadeh
- Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zare
- Engineering Seismology Department, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), Tehran, Iran
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Ehteshami M, Shakerhosseini R, Sedaghat F, Hedayati M, Eini-Zinab H, Hekmatdoost A. The Effect of Gluten Free Diet on Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2979-2984. [PMID: 30362336 PMCID: PMC6291063 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.10.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the effects of Gluten free diet (GFD) on components of metabolic syndrome (MES). Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 subjects diagnosed with MES were randomly divided into two groups (n=25). The first group received a GFD and the second group continued their regular diet. Biochemical markers of MES and blood pressure were measured before and after 8-week intervention. Results: Forty five subjects completed the study. A post-hoc comparison of the groups showed no effects of the GFD and control diet on LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. The GFD reduced fasting blood glucose, waist circumference (WC) and serum triglyceride concentration significantly compared with the control diet (p<0.05). Conclusion: Short-term GFD reduced WC and improved glycemic control and Triglyceride level in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ehteshami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics,, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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42
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Kalantari N, Keshavarz Mohammadi N, Izadi P, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S, Eini-Zinab H, Salonurmi T, Rafieifar S, Janipoor R, Azizi Tabesh G. A complete linkage disequilibrium in a haplotype of three SNPs in Fat Mass and Obesity associated (FTO) gene was strongly associated with anthropometric indices after controlling for calorie intake and physical activity. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:146. [PMID: 30126381 PMCID: PMC6102807 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The underlying mechanism of the effect of FTO genotype on body mass index (BMI) and body composition is unknown. The objective of the study was to investigate the association of FTO gene polymorphisms with anthropometric indices in adolescent boys after adjustments for dietary intake and physical activity. Methods In this school-based study, we enrolled 123 male adolescents without extra weight and 110 male adolescents with body mass index (BMI) higher than + 1 Z-score. The DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO gene polymorphisms by DNA Sequencing. BMI and body composition were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analyzer scale. Association of the FTO polymorphisms with Weight, height, BMI, body fat percent and skeletal muscle percent were investigated. Data on potential confounders (calorie intake and physical activity) were collected through the use of pre-tested questionnaires. Results Adolescents with higher BMI and body fat percent and lower skeletal muscle percent were more likely to have a newly found haplotype of rs9930506, rs9930501 & rs9932754 (GGT) in the first intron of the FTO with complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) compared with those with the lower BMI (6.15;2.28–16.63), body fat percent (9.54;0.92–47.44) and higher skeletal muscle percent (9.26;1.85–46.38). This association was not changed after controlling for age. Additional adjustments for calorie intake and physical activity did not alter the association. Conclusions A haplotype in the first intron of the FTO gene had a strong association with obesity indices in adolescent boys after adjustments for calorie intake and physical activity. It’s suggested that the FTO genotype exert its effects on adolescents’ anthropometric indices as haplotype and through mechanisms other than changes in calorie intake and expenditure. Trial registration This paper reports the first phase of a comprehensive interventional study (Interactions of Genetics, lifestyle and anthropometrics study or IGLA study) and is retrospectively registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials as IRCT2016020925699N2. Date registered: April 24, 2016. (http://www.irct.ir/searchresult.php?id=25699&number=2). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0664-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Kalantari
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran. .,Department of public health, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran. .,Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tuire Salonurmi
- Research groups of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shahram Rafieifar
- Health Promotion and Education Department, Ministry of health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Janipoor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Human Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kalantari N, Keshavarz Mohammadi N, Izadi P, Doaei S, Gholamalizadeh M, Eini-Zinab H, Salonurmi T, Rafieifar S, Janipoor R, Azizi Tabesh G. A haplotype of three SNPs in FTO had a strong association with body composition and BMI in Iranian male adolescents. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195589. [PMID: 29677190 PMCID: PMC5909891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are located in the first intron of the FTO gene, are reported to be associated with body weight and the body mass index (BMI). However, their effects on anthropometric measurements in adolescents are poorly understood. Objective This study aimed to investigate the association of three adjacent polymorphisms (rs9930506, rs9930501, & rs9932754) in the FTO gene with anthropometric indices in Iranian adolescent males. Design The participants comprised a total of 237 adolescent males who were recruited randomly from two high schools in Tehran, Iran. The DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO gene polymorphisms by DNA sequencing. BMI, body fat percentage (BF%), and body muscle percentage (BM%) were determined using a validated bioelectrical impedance analysis scale. The association of the FTO polymorphisms with weight, height, BMI, BF%, and BM% was investigated. Results A haplotype of rs9930506, rs9930501, and rs9932754 (GGT) in the first intron of the FTO with complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) was found to be significantly associated with higher weight (OR = 1.32), BMI (OR = 5.36) and BF% (OR = 1.46), and lower BM% (OR = 3.59) (all P<0.001). None of the students with GGC genotypes were underweight, while all of the students with AAT genotypes had high muscle mass. Conclusions A haplotype in the first intron of the FTO gene had a strong association with obesity indices in Iranian adolescent males. The FTO gene polymorphisms might have greater effects on anthropometric indices than what was previously imagined. Moreover, we suggested that the FTO gene exerted their effects on anthropometric measurements through haplotypes (and not single SNPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Kalantari
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Human Genetics, Department of human genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of public health, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of community nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tuire Salonurmi
- Research groups of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Shahram Rafieifar
- Health Promotion and Education Department, Ministry of health & medical education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Janipoor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghodsi D, Omidvar N, Rashidian A, Eini-Zinab H, Raghfar H, Aghayan M. Effectiveness of the national food supplementary program on children growth and nutritional status in Iran. Matern Child Nutr 2018; 14:e12591. [PMID: 29573559 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the national food distribution program on the growth and nutritional status of malnourished or growth-retarded children in 2 provinces of Iran. A quasi-experimental design was used for the effectiveness evaluation. Qualitative data were gathered to explain the results. An intervention group consisted of 362 children aged 6-72 months who were under coverage of the program. These children received monthly food as foodstuff, food vouchers, or cash. A comparison group included 409 children aged 6-72 months who were selected from those covered by the Primary Health Care system. Children anthropometric indices were measured at the baseline and also 6 months later. Twelve focus group discussions were held with mothers who had at least 1 child under the coverage of the program. At the end of the study, the mean weight-for-age Z scores, height-for-age Z scores, and weight-for-height Z scores increased compared with the baselines in both groups (p < .001). The differences between 2 groups in weight-for-age Z scores, height-for-age Z scores, and weight-for-height Z scores were not significant at the end of the study (p = .62, p = .91, and p = .94, respectively). According to the mothers' reports, factors affected the program outcome, that is, children anthropometric indices were low income, intrahousehold food sharing, irregular distribution, quantity and quality of the distributed food, and insufficient training. Providing foods for the malnourished children living in low-income families helped to prevent a worsening of their nutritional status; however, it has not been effective in solving the problem, probably due to the weak implementation and lack of empowerment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Ghodsi
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Rashidian
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Aghayan
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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45
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Esfandiari S, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Doustmohammadian A, Amirhamidi Z. Associations Among Food Insecurity, Academic Performance, and Weight Status in Primary Schoolchildren in Tehran, Iran: A Cross-sectional Study. J Nutr Educ Behav 2018; 50:109-117.e1. [PMID: 28870608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.05.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations among household food insecurity (FI), academic performance, and weight status in urban primary schoolchildren. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary schools in Tehran, Iran. PARTICIPANTS A total of 803 students (419 boys and 384 girls), aged 10-12 years, were recruited from 43 primary schools. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Levels of FI were measured using a locally validated, 18-item household food security survey module. Academic performance was assessed by 152 teachers through a specifically designed, 20-scale questionnaire. Standard anthropometric measurements were also taken. ANALYSIS Linear and multinomial regressions were conducted. RESULTS At the household level, FI was associated with poorer grades in all subjects studied (except for social science in FI without hunger) (P < .05). At the child level, a significant association was observed between low food security and poorer grades in all subjects studied, whereas for very low food security, this relationship was significant only for mathematics, reading, and science (P < .05). Food insecurity without hunger (odds ratio = 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-6.23) and low food security (odds ratio = 4.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.58-12.23) were associated with overweight only in girls. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The findings confirm the need for policies and programs to improve students' dietary quality and food security to improve their health as well as educational attainment. Future research is needed to explore further the association between food security and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Esfandiari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aazam Doustmohammadian
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeynab Amirhamidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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46
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Haghighian Roudsari A, Vedadhir A, Amiri P, Kalantari N, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Hani Sadati SM. Psycho-Socio-Cultural Determinants of Food Choice: A Qualitative Study on Adults in Social and Cultural Context of Iran. Iran J Psychiatry 2017; 12:241-250. [PMID: 29472950 PMCID: PMC5816913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Food choice is a process through which people think, feel, and eat food. It does not only influence individuals' health and well-being, families and communities, but also it has an effect on regional, national, and global levels. This qualitative study was conducted to explore perceptions and lived experiences of Tehran adult residents on psychological, social and cultural determinants of food choice. Method: In this qualitative design, we recruited 33 adults aged 30 to 64 years from various districts of Tehran, capital of Iran, and we explored how people make decisions about food choice in practice and shape their perception, attitude, and eating practices. An individual in-depth semi-structured interview guide included major questions with follow-up probes was used to explore participants' current and past eating habits from childhood to adulthood, dietary change at different life courses, and effective psychological state on food selection in different seasons. Results: This study revealed that food choice in the studied adults (30-64 years old) was widely influenced by psychological, social, and cultural determinants, which can be categorized into 5 main themes: cultural context and patterns; social Structure and norms; information resources and media; household and family structure; and nutrition transition. Conclusion: The findings clarified the importance of social and cultural contexts, which influence the food choice of adults in a metropolis like Tehran. Many of these concepts are contextualized from childhood. These findings could serve as guideline to design socio-culturally appropriate strategies and improve dietary behaviors of Iranians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Haghighian Roudsari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abouali Vedadhir
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Amiri
- Department of Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Hani Sadati
- Department of Integrated Studies in Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montreal, CANADA
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Kalantari N, Mohammadi NK, Rafieifar S, Eini-Zinab H, Aminifard A, Malmir H, Ashoori N, Abdi S, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S. Indicator for Success of Obesity Reduction Programs in Adolescents: Body Composition or Body Mass Index? Evaluating a School-based Health Promotion Project after 12 Weeks of Intervention. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:73. [PMID: 29026505 PMCID: PMC5634063 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_306_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity in adolescence is the strongest risk factor for obesity in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention on different anthropometric indices in 12–16-year-old boy adolescents after 12 Weeks of Intervention. Methods: A total of 96 male adolescents from two schools participated in this study. The schools were randomly assigned to intervention (53 students) and control school (43 students). Height and weight of students were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body fat percent (BF) and body muscle percent (BM) was assessed using a bioimpedance analyzer considering the age, gender, and height of students at baseline and after intervention. The obesity reduction intervention was implemented in the intervention school based on the Ottawa charter for health promotion. Results: Twelve weeks of intervention decreased BF percent in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (decreased by 1.81% in the intervention group and increased by 0.39% in the control group, P < 0.01). However, weight, BMI, and BM did not change significantly. Conclusions: The result of this study showed that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention decreased the body fat percent in obese adolescents, although these changes was not reflected in the BMI. It is possible that BMI is not a good indicator in assessment of the success of obesity management intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Kalantari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahram Rafieifar
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Aminifard
- Department of Food Industry, School of Food Sciences and Industry, Islamic Azad University, Khouzestan, Iran
| | - Hanieh Malmir
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Ashoori
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sheyda Abdi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Student Research Committee, Department of community nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Abdollahi M, Amini M, Eini-Zinab H. Developing and validating a scale to measure Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) in elementary school children in Iran. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179196. [PMID: 28654646 PMCID: PMC5487019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food and nutrition literacy is an emerging term which is increasingly used in policy and research. Though research in this area is growing, progression is limited by the lack of an accepted method to measure food and nutrition literacy. The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess food and nutrition literacy in elementary school children in the city of Tehran. METHODS The study was conducted in three phases. To develop Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) questionnaire, a comprehensive literature review and a qualitative study were initially performed to identify food and nutrition literacy dimensions and its components. Content and face validity of the questionnaire were evaluated by an expert panel as well as students. In the second phase, construct validity of the scale was evaluated using Explanatory Factor Analyses (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA). In the last phase (confirmatory phase), the final version of the questionnaire was evaluated on 400 students. RESULTS Findings show Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) of the 62-item questionnaire at acceptable levels of 0.87 and 0.92, respectively. EFA suggested a six-factor construct, namely, understanding food and nutrition information, knowledge, functional, interactive, food choice, and critical. The results of CFA indicated acceptable fit indices for the proposed models. All subscales demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha≥0.70), except for critical skill subscale (0.48). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.90, CI: 0.83-0.94) indicated that Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) scale had satisfactory stability. Each phase of development progressively improved the questionnaire, which resulted in a 46-item (42 likert-type items and 4 true-false items) Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) scale. The questionnaire measured two domains with 6 subscales, including: 1) cognitive domain: understanding and knowledge; 2) skill domain: functional, food choice, interactive, and critical skills. CONCLUSION The developed food and nutrition literacy scale is a valid and reliable instrument to measure food and nutrition literacy in children. This measure lays a solid empirical and theoretical foundation for future research and tailored interventions to promote food and nutrition literacy in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aazam Doustmohammadian
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Emamat H, Foroughi F, Eini-Zinab H, Hekmatdoost A. The Effects of Onion Consumption on Prevention of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Indian J Clin Biochem 2017; 33:75-80. [PMID: 29371773 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-017-0636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that dietary intakes play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the role of each component of diet has not yet been elucidated. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of onion consumption on prevention of NAFLD/NASH development. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either high-fat, high sugar diet (model group), or high-fat, high sugar diet plus 7% onion powder (model + onion), or chow diet ad libitum for 7 weeks. Serum levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, liver enzymes, insulin, and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene expression were determined. Hepatic histology was examined by H&E stain. Model + onion group had significantly lower hepatic steatosis, ballooning, lobular inflammation, and portal inflammation (p < 0.001), lower hepatic TNF-α gene expression (p < 0.001), lower plasma levels of ALT (p = 0.026), AST (p = 0.041), insulin (p < 0.001), TG (p = 0.041), and glucose (p = 0.009) compared with model group; however, weight gain, food intake, plasma total cholesterol and LDL levels were not significantly different between these two groups. Our data indicate that regular consumption of onion can prevent NAFLD even in the presence of the other risk factors such as obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and high energy, fat, and sugar intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- 1Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Foroughi
- 2Department of Pathology, Taleghani Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- 1Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- 1Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghodsi D, Omidvar N, Rashidian A, Raghfar H, Eini-Zinab H, Ebrahimi M. Key Informants' Perceptions on the Implementation of a National Program for Improving Nutritional Status of Children in Iran. Food Nutr Bull 2016; 38:78-91. [PMID: 28006961 DOI: 10.1177/0379572116682870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood malnutrition is a major public health issue. Multidisciplinary approach for Improvement of Nutritional Status of Children in Iran was implemented in order to reduce malnutrition among children. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the implementation aspect of the program and to explore key informants' perceptions and experience regarding the factors affected its implementation. METHODS Data were collected through the review of secondary data and semistructured interviews at national, province, and local levels. Four layers of key informants were selected purposefully for interviewing, including policymakers, senior nutrition officers, head of Hygiene, Remedy and Insurance Affairs in Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, and community health workers. Qualitative content analysis was carried out based on Supporting the Use of Research Evidence framework and Tailored Implementation for Chronic Diseases' checklist to interpret the viewpoints of the study participants. RESULTS Results showed that the program had successes in improving mother's knowledge on health, nutrition, and child care through health system and increased families' access to food, but there were some aspects that affected program's implementation. Some of these factors are the lack of clarity in the program's protocol and indicators, human shortage and inadequate financial resources, poor facilities, inattention to staff motivation, insufficient commitment among different sections, poor communication and supervision among different executive sections, and program protocols designing regardless of practical condition. CONCLUSION Based on the results, top-down approach in policymaking and inadequate financial and human resources were responsible for most of the challenges encountered in the implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Ghodsi
- 1 Department of Community nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- 1 Department of Community nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Rashidian
- 2 School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- 1 Department of Community nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Ebrahimi
- 4 Department of Social Pathology, Academic Center of Education and Culture and Research, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
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