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Pourebrahim F, Omidvar N, Rezazadeh A, Eini-Zinab H, Shirani P, Ghodsi D. Food security and its association with socioeconomic status and dietary diversity in free living older people in Tehran, Iran. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:128. [PMID: 38308219 PMCID: PMC10836019 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is a function of food access and dietary diversity. Older age is a period when adequate and diverse dietary intake is a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security on the one hand and dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors on the other hand among the free-living older people in the city of Tehran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 583 older people, aged 60-80 years living in Tehran city, were selected through the systematic cluster sampling method. Food security was determined by the United States Household Food Security Survey Module (US-HFSSM (.Socioeconomic status (SES) and two 24-h recalls were obtained. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using the FAO 2010 guideline. Multinomial logistic regression was applied. RESULTS The average age of participants was 67.87 ± 5.86 years. Based on US-HFSSM, 56.9% of older people were food secure; while 25.7%, 14.2% and 3.2% suffered from food insecurity (FI) without hunger, with moderate hunger, and with severe hunger, respectively. There was no association between FI and DDS, even after controlling for confounders. FI with mild hunger was associated with household income (OR = 2.744, 95% CI = 1.100-6.846), while FI with severe hunger was associated with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.051-0.424). CONCLUSIONS Overall, socio-economic status and demographic characteristics were the predictors of FI among older people. The findings can have implication in design and targeting of interventions directed at older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pourebrahim
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Shirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Ghodsi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chegini M, Shirani P, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Pour-Ebrahim F, Rezazadeh A. Relationship between diet quality and depression among Iranian older adults in Tehran. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:708. [PMID: 36028815 PMCID: PMC9419352 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is one of the prevalent mental disorders that is common in older ages. Evidence suggests that dietary intake status may potentially be associated with depression. However, this association has not been well studied in older adults, and the nature of the association remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet quality and depression in free-living older adults living in Tehran city. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 583 older adults (279 men and 304 women) aged 60 to 80 years living in Tehran city, selected by the systematic cluster sampling method. Individuals' dietary intake was determined by two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls, and diet quality was assessed calculating score of Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). The validated short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-11) was used to assess depression status. A logistic regression model was used to assess the chance of depression across tertiles of HEI-2015 score. Results The point prevalence of depression was 22.5%, which was significantly higher in women (91 (69.5%) women vs. 40 (30.5%) men). A higher percentage of seniors at the higher tertile of HEI score were women, belonged to Fars ethnicity and had a higher score of activity of daily living (ADL). After adjustment for all potential confounders, the trend of depression chance was significantly decreased in those with higher HEI-2015 scores (p-for trend < 0.05). Conclusion Higher quality of diet was associated with a lower possibility of depression in the studied participants. Further studies are required to investigate the possible causal relationship. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03380-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Chegini
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Shirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pour-Ebrahim
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mousavi M, Jahromi SR, Togha M, Ghorbani Z, Hekmatdoost A, Rafiee P, Torkan B, Shirani P, Ansari H, Karami A, Nourmohammadi M, Khorsha F. The Association Between Dietary Acid Load and Odds of Migraine: A Case-Control Survey. Neurol Ther 2021; 10:335-348. [PMID: 33893990 PMCID: PMC8140036 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-021-00247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been shown that a high acid load in the human body can affect inflammatory factors and the nitric oxide pathway. These factors are also thought to play an important role in the initiation of migraine attacks. We have therefore explored the association between dietary acid load and odds of migraine in a case-control study. METHODS The migraine group (n = 514, diagnosed according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition [ICHDIII] criteria) was recruited from a tertiary headache clinic. The controls consisted of 582 sex-matched healthy volunteers who were randomly selected from the general population. A validated 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for dietary intake assessments. Estimation of the dietary acid load was performed using three different measures: potential renal acid load (PRAL) score, net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score, and protein/potassium ratio. RESULTS Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, in comparison with the lowest tertile, the highest tertile of dietary acid load measures, including PRAL (odds ratio [OR] 7.208, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 3.33-15.55), and NEAP (OR 4.108, 95% CI 1.924-8.774) scores and the protein/potassium ratio (OR 4.127, 95% CI 1.933-8.814), significantly increased the odds of migraine (P value for trend ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION In this study, high dietary acid load was associated with higher odds of migraine. It is therefore possible that restricting dietary acid load could reduce the odds of migraine in susceptible subjects. However, due to the preliminary nature of the current evidence, caution is advised in drawing a definitive conclusion. More well-designed studies are required for a better understanding of this important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mousavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Togha
- Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Ghorbani
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, School of Medicine, Heshmat Hospital-Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Rafiee
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Boshra Torkan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Shirani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, USA
| | - Ahmadreza Karami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morvarid Nourmohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Khorsha
- Headache Department, Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, School of Medicine, Heshmat Hospital-Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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