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Hu D, Xu R, Jin Y, Sun S, Ye J, Wu J, Dai Z, Shen JW, Lu Y. Green and sustainable extraction of phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis by temperature-sensitive polymer-based aqueous two-phase system and mechanism study. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 407:131142. [PMID: 39043277 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a sustainable and environmentally friendly method was developed for the enrichment and purification of phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis. This was achieved by utilizing a temperature-sensitive polymer, Pluronic F68, in an aqueous two-phase solvent system. The phase behavior of the temperature-sensitive polymer-based biphasic system was evaluated. The extraction conditions were optimized by both single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. Under the optimal conditions, the upper polymer-rich phase was recycled for sustainable phycocyanin extraction, resulting in a grade of 3.23 during the third extraction cycle. Pluronic F68 could be efficiently recovered and reused during the extraction process. The interaction mechanism between Pluronic F68 and phycocyanin was systematically studied using FT-IR and fluorescence analysis. This was further complemented by static and dynamic calculation of molecular motion through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, indicating that hydrophobic segment of Pluronic F68 played a key role in the binding process with phycocyanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Hu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ruru Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yating Jin
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shuqing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhiyuan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jia-Wei Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Yanbin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Rahim A, Salhi S, El Khelfaoui N, Badaoui B, Essamadi A, El Amiri B. Effect of C-phycocyanin purified from Spirulina platensis on cooled ram semen quality and in vivo fertility. Theriogenology 2024; 215:234-240. [PMID: 38100995 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
This research sought to purify C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina platensis and investigate its potential in enhancing the quality parameters and in vivo fertility of ram semen subjected to cooled storage at 5 °C, when using a skim milk (SM) based semen extender. The purification process of C-PC involved cold maceration, pre-purification using chitosan and activated charcoal, followed by purification through aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) and ion-exchange chromatography. Afterward, fifty ejaculates were collected from 4 fertile Boujaâd rams and extended using the SM extender at 37 °C, enriched with 0 μg/mL (control), 1.2 μg/mL, 2.4 μg/mL, 3.6 μg/mL, or 4.8 μg/mL of C-PC. The diluted semen was subsequently cooled to 5 °C using a controlled cooling process, with a gradual cooling rate of approximately 0.5 °C per minute, and its quality parameters were evaluated after 0, 4, 8, and 24 h of cooling storage. Then, its fertilization ability after 4 h of cooling storage was evaluated using artificial insemination. The adopted purification process yielded a grade analytical purity of 4.06. Additionally, semen extended in SM with a 2.4 μg/mL C-PC supplement displayed significant (P < 0.0001) enhancement in total motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, average path velocity, viability and lipid peroxidation of ram semen at 0, 4, 8, and 24 h of cooling storage. These improvements were observed in direct comparison to both the control group and the other C-PC concentrations. Regarding fertility rates, semen extended in SM with a 2.4 μg/mL C-PC recorded a 76 % rate, a notable increment from the 63 % observed in ewes inseminated by semen extended in SM alone, although the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). These findings underscore the promising potential of C-PC as a natural supplement for enhancing semen quality, warranting further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdellatif Rahim
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415 Rabat Principal, 10090, Rabat, Morocco; Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, P.O. Box 577, 26000, Settat, Morocco
| | - Saad Salhi
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415 Rabat Principal, 10090, Rabat, Morocco; Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, P.O. Box 577, 26000, Settat, Morocco
| | - Nora El Khelfaoui
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415 Rabat Principal, 10090, Rabat, Morocco; Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, NARILIS, UNamur, Belgium
| | - Bouabid Badaoui
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco; African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laâyoune, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhalid Essamadi
- Hassan First University of Settat, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, P.O. Box 577, 26000, Settat, Morocco
| | - Bouchra El Amiri
- Animal Production Unit, Regional Center Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415 Rabat Principal, 10090, Rabat, Morocco; African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laâyoune, Morocco.
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Wang J, Qin S, Lin J, Wang Q, Li W, Gao Y. Phycobiliproteins from microalgae: research progress in sustainable production and extraction processes. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:170. [PMID: 37941077 PMCID: PMC10634026 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs), one of the functional proteins from algae, are natural pigment-protein complex containing various amino acids and phycobilins. It has various activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. And are potential for applications in food, cosmetics, and biomedicine. Improving their metabolic yield is of great interest. Microalgaes are one of the important sources of PBPs, with high growth rate and have the potential for large-scale production. The key to large-scale PBPs production depends on accumulation and recovery of massive productive alga in the upstream stage and the efficiency of microalgae cells breakup and extract PBPs in the downstream stage. Therefore, we reviewed the status quo in the research and development of PBPs production, summarized the advances in each stage and the feasibility of scaled-up production, and demonstrated challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Jian Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, 250355, China.
| | - Yonglin Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
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Selective Extraction of Chlorophyll a/Photosystem Polypeptides from Spirulina maxima Using Aqueous Two Phase Extraction. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Improvement in the Sequential Extraction of Phycobiliproteins from Arthrospira platensis Using Green Technologies. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111896. [PMID: 36431030 PMCID: PMC9692409 DOI: 10.3390/life12111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arthrospira platensis (commercially known as Spirulina) is an excellent source of phycobiliproteins, especially C-phycocyanin. Phycobiliproteins are significant bioactive compounds with useful biological applications. The extraction process plays a significant role in downstream microalga production and utilisation. The important pigments found in A. platensis include chlorophyll and carotenoids as nonpolar pigments and phycobiliproteins as polar pigments. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) as a green extraction technology for the high-value metabolites of microalgae has potential for trends in food and human health. The nonpolar bioactive compounds, chlorophyll and carotenoids of A. platensis, were primarily separated using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) solvent-free fluid extraction pressure; the temperature and ethanol as cosolvent conditions were compared. The residue from the A. platensis cells was subjected to phycobiliprotein extraction. The phosphate and water extraction of A. platensis SFE residue were compared to evaluate phycobiliprotein extraction. The SFE results exhibited higher pressure (350 bar) and temperature extraction (50 °C) with ethanol-free extraction and increased nonpolar pigment. Phycobiliprotein yield was obtained from A. platensis SFE residue by ethanol-free buffer extraction as a suitable process with antioxidant properties. The C-phycocyanin was isolated and enhanced to 0.7 purity as food grade. This developed method can be used as a guideline and applied as a sustainable process for important pigment extraction from Arthrospira microalgae.
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Xie G, Shen J, Luo J, Li D, Tao Y, Song C, Han Y. Simultaneous extraction and preliminary purification of polyphenols from grape pomace using an aqueous two-phase system exposed to ultrasound irradiation: Process characterization and simulation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:993475. [PMID: 36451741 PMCID: PMC9702536 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.993475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, an ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase (ATP) extraction method was used for the extraction and purification of phenolic compounds from grape pomace. The effect of acoustic energy densities (AED, 41.1, 63.5, 96.1, 111.2 W/L) and temperatures (20, 30, 40°C) on the yield of phenolics was investigated. An artificial neural network (ANN) was successfully used to correlate the extraction parameters with phenolic yield. Then, a diffusion model based on Fick's second law was used to model the mass transfer process during ultrasound-assisted ATP extraction and evaluate the effective diffusion coefficient of phenolics. The results revealed the increase in AED, and the temperature increased the effective diffusivity of phenolics. The HPLC analysis of anthocyanins and flavonols showed that ultrasound significantly increased the extraction yield of anthocyanins compared with the traditional method. High amounts of rutin and myricetin were recovered using the ATPS systems. Sugars were mainly distributed in the bottom phase, whereas phenolics were located in the top phase. Conclusively, ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase (ATP) extraction can be used as an effective method to achieve the simultaneous separation and preliminary purification of phenolics from grape pomace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Xie
- Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Shen
- Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changnian Song
- College of Horticulture of Nanjing agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongbin Han
- Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Prabha S, Vijay AK, Paul RR, George B. Cyanobacterial biorefinery: Towards economic feasibility through the maximum valorization of biomass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152795. [PMID: 34979226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are well known for their plethora of applications in the fields of food industry, pharmaceuticals and bioenergy. Their simple growth requirements, remarkable growth rate and the ability to produce a wide range of bio-active compounds enable them to act as an efficient biorefinery for the production of valuable metabolites. Most of the cyanobacteria based biorefineries are targeting single products and thus fails to meet the efficient valorization of biomass. On the other hand, multiple products recovering cyanobacterial biorefineries can efficiently valorize the biomass with minimum to zero waste generation. But there are plenty of bottlenecks and challenges allied with cyanobacterial biorefineries. Most of them are being associated with the production processes and downstream strategies, which are difficult to manage economically. There is a need to propose new solutions to eliminate these tailbacks so on to elevate the cyanobacterial biorefinery to be an economically feasible, minimum waste generating multiproduct biorefinery. Cost-effective approaches implemented from production to downstream processing without affecting the quality of products will be beneficial for attaining economic viability. The integrated approaches in cultivation systems as well as downstream processing, by simplifying individual processes to unit operation systems can obviously increase the economic feasibility to a certain extent. Low cost approaches for biomass production, multiparameter optimization and successive sequential retrieval of multiple value-added products according to their high to low market value from a biorefinery is possible. The nanotechnological approaches in cyanobacterial biorefineries make it one step closer to the goal. The current review gives an overview of strategies used for constructing self-sustainable- economically feasible- minimum waste generating; multiple products based cyanobacterial biorefineries by the efficient valorization of biomass. Also the possibility of uplifting new cyanobacterial strains for biorefineries is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syama Prabha
- Department of Botany, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India
| | - Aravind K Vijay
- Department of Botany, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India
| | - Rony Rajan Paul
- Department of Chemistry, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India
| | - Basil George
- Department of Botany, CMS College (Autonomous), Kottayam 686001. Kerala, India.
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Efficient extraction of food grade natural blue colorant from dry biomass of Spirulina platensis using eco-friendly methods. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Enzyme-Assisted Method for Phycobiliproteins Extraction from Porphyra and Evaluation of Their Bioactivity. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the poor protein availability of algae in their unprocessed form, development of extraction methods for phycobiliproteins is of great significance. This study aimed to extract phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) from Porphyra via bacterial enzymatic hydrolysis and to evaluate their bioactivity. To induce enzyme production, Porphyra powder was added into the culture medium of two marine bacterial strains. The pH and enzyme activity of the cultured supernatant, namely crude enzyme solution, were significantly raised. For PE and PC extraction, Porphyra were incubated within crude enzyme solution with homogenization and ultrasonication followed by ultrafiltration process. After distinguishing by fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC), three major fractions were observed and identified as R-PE, R-PC and small molecular PE by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis. With respect to bioactivity, these three fractions exhibited free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities in a various degree. In addition, the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of both R-PE and R-PC fractions was observed in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, the employed process of bacterial enzymatic hydrolysis is suggested to be a feasible method to obtain PE and PC from Porphyra without limiting their bioactivity.
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Lima ÁS, Oliveira BSD, Shabudin SV, Almeida M, Freire MG, Bica K. Purification of anthocyanins from grape pomace by centrifugal partition chromatography. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fratelli C, Burck M, Amarante MCA, Braga ARC. Antioxidant potential of nature's “something blue”: Something new in the marriage of biological activity and extraction methods applied to C-phycocyanin. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Hassaan MS, Mohammady EY, Soaudy MR, Sabae SA, Mahmoud AMA, El-Haroun ER. Comparative study on the effect of dietary β-carotene and phycocyanin extracted from Spirulina platensis on immune-oxidative stress biomarkers, genes expression and intestinal enzymes, serum biochemical in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 108:63-72. [PMID: 33242597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The current trial investigated the roles of β-carotene and phycocyanin extracted from Spirulina platensis on growth, serum biochemical, digestive enzymes, antioxidant defense, immune responses, and immune gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish (1.52 ± 0.10 g) were randomly stocked to three treatments with three replicates (12 fish per replicate) in nine aquaria (60 L glass aquarium for each), and reared for 70-days. Three tested diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isolipidic, and were offered for experimental fish until ad-libitum three times daily at 09:00 a.m., 11.00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. The first diet (control) was without supplementation. About 50 mg β-carotene and 50 mg phycocyanin kg-1 were supplemented to the other experimental diets, respectively. Results indicated that feed intake was not (P > 0.05) differ among experimental diets. Compared to control diet wight gain and specific growth rate were significantly (P < 0.05) in fish fed diet containing β-carotene, while, the highest weight gain and the best FCR were detected in phycocyanin diet. Survival fish among treatments was significantly (P < 0.05) differ and the highest survival rate was showed in fish fed diet supplemented with phycocyanin. Either β-carotene or phycocyanin significantly (P < 0.05) improved the intestinal digestive enzymes compared with control diet, where the highest values of chymotrypsin, trypsin, lipase and amylase were noticed in fish fed phycocyanin. Diets supplemented with β-carotene and phycocyanin significantly (P < 0.05) improved hematology parameters contents compared with to the control diet, and the best contents were detected in fish fed diet supplemented with phycocyanin. The highest significant (P < 0.05) phagocytic, lysozyme, immunoglobulin M (IgM), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activities were recorded in diet supplemented with phycocyanin. The transcripts of interferon gamma and interleukin 1β genes were (P < 0.05) up-regulated in the liver of fish fed diet supplemented with β-carotene and phycocyanin, but expression of HSP70 gene down-regulated in fish fed β-carotene and phycocyanin containing diet compared control. The highest gene expression of the interferon gamma and interleukin 1β was observed in fish fed phycocyanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Hassaan
- Department of Animal Production, Fish Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha, University, 13736, Egypt.
| | - Eman Y Mohammady
- Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Soaudy
- Department of Animal Production, Fish Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha, University, 13736, Egypt
| | - Soaad A Sabae
- Inland Division, Hydrobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
| | - Abeer M A Mahmoud
- Inland Division, Hydrobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Egypt
| | - Ehab R El-Haroun
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University Cairo, Egypt
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Tan JS, Abbasiliasi S, Lalung J, Tam YJ, Murugan P, Lee CK. Bioseparation of phycocyanin from Phormidium tergestinum using an aqueous two-phase system. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:260-266. [PMID: 32876520 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1808793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at purification of phycocyanin (PC) from Phormidium tergestinum using an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) comprised of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and salts. The partitioning efficiency of PC in ATPS and the effect of phase composition, pH, crude loading, and neutral salts on purification factor and yield were investigated. Results showed that PC was selectively partitioned toward bottom phase of the system containing potassium phosphate. Under optimum conditions of 20% (w/w) PEG 4000, 10% (w/w) potassium phosphate, 20% (v/v) crude load at pH 7, with addition of 0.5% (w/w) NaCl, PC from P. tergestinum was partially purified up to 5.34-fold with a yield of 87.8%. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of PC was ∼19 kDa. Results from this study demonstrated ATPS could be used as a potential approach for the purification of PC from P. tergestinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Shun Tan
- School of Industrial Technology, Bioprocess Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Sahar Abbasiliasi
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Japareng Lalung
- School of Industrial Technology, Bioprocess Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yew Joon Tam
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Paramasivam Murugan
- School of Industrial Technology, Bioprocess Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Chee Keong Lee
- School of Industrial Technology, Bioprocess Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Prado JM, Veggi PC, Náthia-Neves G, Meireles MAA. Extraction Methods for Obtaining Natural Blue Colorants. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666181115125740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Blue is a color not often present in food. Even so, it is especially attractive
to children. Today, most blue coloring agents used by the food industry are synthetic. With increasing
health issues concern by the scientific community and the general population, there is a trend to look
for natural alternatives to most synthetic products. There only exist few natural blue colorants, which
are presented in a literature survey, along with the methods currently used for their recovery from
natural sources. The best extraction methods and process parameters for the extraction of blue anthocyanins,
iridoids and phycocyanin are discussed.
Methods:
A literature survey was conducted to detect the main sources of blue colorants found in nature.
The focus was on the extraction methods used to recover such molecules, with the objective of
finding efficient and environmentally safe techniques for application at industrial level, and, thus, allowing
the production of natural blue colorants at scale high enough for food industry consumption.
Results:
The main natural blue colorants found in literature are anthocyanins, phycocyanin, and genipin.
While anthocyanins can be recovered from a variety of plants, the source of phycocyanin are
algae, and genipin can be obtained specifically from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and Genipa americana
L. Several extraction techniques have been applied to recover blue colorants from such sources,
from classical methods using organic solvents, to more sophisticated technologies as ultrasoundassisted
extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, high-pressure extraction,
and enzyme-assisted extraction.
Conclusion:
There is great potential for anthocyanins, phycocyanin and genipin use as natural food
additives with health benefits, besides imparting color. However, the technologies for the colorants
recovery and application are not mature enough. Therefore, this area is still developing, and it is necessary
to evaluate the economic feasibility of the proposed extraction processes, along with the safety
and acceptance of colored food using these additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. Prado
- Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, 09210-580, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscilla C. Veggi
- Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), School of Chemical Engineering, 210 Sao Nicolau Street, 09913-030, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Grazielle Náthia-Neves
- LASEFI/DEA/FEA (College of Food Engineering)/ UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80; 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M. Angela A. Meireles
- LASEFI/DEA/FEA (College of Food Engineering)/ UNICAMP (University of Campinas), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80; 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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15
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Extraction of phenolic compounds from fresh and wilt kesum plant using liquid biphasic flotation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tavanandi HA, Raghavarao K. Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of natural food colorant C-Phycocyanin from dry biomass of Arthrospira platensis. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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17
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Mitra M, Mishra S. Multiproduct biorefinery from Arthrospira spp. towards zero waste: Current status and future trends. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121928. [PMID: 31399315 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Considering the high- and low-value product perspectives, Arthrospira spp. are one of the most industrially exploited microalgae. However, currently, the biomass is being utilized for one specific product resulting in a steep upsurge in the overall production cost. Hence, to boost the economic viability of Arthrospira biorefinery process, every high- and low-value products from it ought to be valorized. Envisioning how costlier can be the multiproduct biorefinery concept owing to the downstream processing at an industrial scale, it is quite essential to look for new trends and encouraging solutions. This article intended to propose a sustainable biorefinery in the wake of the current understanding of the present constraints and challenges associated with Arthrospira biorefinery. The current review aimed at defining the future aspects of this biorefinery including integration and optimization of the culture strategy, and, implementation of new ingenious techniques to improve downstream processing (harvesting, extraction, fractionation, and purification).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusree Mitra
- Microalgae Group, Division of Biotechnology and Phycology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- Microalgae Group, Division of Biotechnology and Phycology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, India.
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18
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Synergistic method for extraction of high purity Allophycocyanin from dry biomass of Arthrospira platensis and utilization of spent biomass for recovery of carotenoids. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Joshi PU, Turpeinen DG, Weiss M, Escalante-Corbin G, Schroeder M, Heldt CL. Tie line framework to optimize non-enveloped virus recovery in aqueous two-phase systems. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1126-1127:121744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Chew KW, Chia SR, Krishnamoorthy R, Tao Y, Chu DT, Show PL. Liquid biphasic flotation for the purification of C-phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis microalga. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121519. [PMID: 31128541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biphasic flotation (LBF), an integrated process of liquid biphasic system (LBS) and adsorptive bubbles flotation, was used for the purification of C-phycocyanin from S. platensis microalgae. Various experimental parameters such as type of phase forming polymer and salt, concentration of phase forming components, system pH, volume ratio, air flotation time and crude extract concentration were evaluated to maximise the C-phycocyanin recovery yield and purity. The optimal conditions for the LBF system achieving C-phycocyanin purification fold of 3.49 compared to 2.43 from the initial LBF conditions was in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 and potassium phosphate combination, with 250 g/L of polymer and salt concentration each, volume ratio of 1:0.85, system pH of 7.0, air flotation duration of 7 min and phycocyanin crude extract concentration of 0.625 %w/w. The LBF has effectively enhanced the purification of C-phycocyanin in a cost effective and simple processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Wayne Chew
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shir Reen Chia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rambabu Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang, Viet Nam; School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
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21
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Pradeep HN, Nayak CA. Enhanced stability of C-phycocyanin colorant by extrusion encapsulation. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:4526-4534. [PMID: 31686684 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
C-phycocyanin (C-PC) a blue color phycobiliproteins used as a food colorant, therapeutics, medicines, health food and biomarkers. In the present study, morphological property of encapsulated C-PC and its stability under various conditions like temperature, pH conditions are discussed. Microencapsulated droplets formed by extrusion found to be spherical with average size 1.2 ± 0.1 mm. SEM micrographs of freeze dried encapsulate confirmed the spherical shape. The effect of droplet formation with varying alginate percentage (1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% w/v) was studied. In the stability test at 70 °C and 80 °C relative concentration (CR %) was found to be 86.89 and 88.19%, respectively. The encapsulated C-PC showed a slow degradation at higher temperature compared to without encapsulated C-PC which was confirmed by UV-visible absorbance. At 45 °C and 55 °C temperatures the stability was studied at various pH conditions (pH 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, and 7.0) and reported. Aggregation of C-PC protein will not change during encapsulation was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. FTIR analysis of encapsulate and the alginate depicted similar characteristics of the compound compared to that of native C-phycocyanin colorant. Microencapsulation improves the stability and increases the shelf life of colorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Pradeep
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560078 India
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, B.M.S. College of Engineering, P B NO 1908, Bull Temple Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560019 India
| | - Chetan A Nayak
- 2Department of Chemical Engineering, B.M.S. College of Engineering, P B NO 1908, Bull Temple Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560019 India
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22
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Purohit A, Kumar V, Chownk M, Yadav SK. Processing-Independent Extracellular Production of High Purity C-Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:3237-3245. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Purohit
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81, Knowledge City, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Kumar
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81, Knowledge City, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Manisha Chownk
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81, Knowledge City, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sudesh Kumar Yadav
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81, Knowledge City, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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23
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Mittal R, Sharma R, Raghavarao K. Aqueous two-phase extraction of R-Phycoerythrin from marine macro-algae, Gelidium pusillum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:277-286. [PMID: 30776654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) of R-Phycoerythrin (R-PE), a fluorescent and commercially valuable protein, was carried out in two parallel schemes. In scheme-1, ATPE alone was employed, and in scheme-2, process-integration was attempted, where primary extract was subjected to precipitation before standardization of process parameters of ATPE. Scheme-1 with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-3350/potassium phosphate system has resulted in very low R-PE yield (26% w/w) without much enrichment in purity (0.3). In scheme-2, PEG-1450/potassium phosphate system (pH 6, tie-line length 12.26% and lower volume-ratio) has resulted in higher R-PE purity (0.74) with 72% yield. R-PE containing PEG-rich (top) phase was subjected to ultrafiltration, to remove phase forming components, resulting in further increase in R-PE purity (1.1). Overall enrichment in R-PE purity of 11-fold with 57% (w/w) yield and removal of about 95% of total sugars was achieved in scheme-2. Intactness of R-PE after processing was confirmed by absorbance and emission spectrum analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochak Mittal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, India
| | - Richa Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, India
| | - Ksms Raghavarao
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, India.
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24
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Garlapati D, Chandrasekaran M, Devanesan A, Mathimani T, Pugazhendhi A. Role of cyanobacteria in agricultural and industrial sectors: an outlook on economically important byproducts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4709-4721. [PMID: 31030286 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are potential organisms, which are used as food, feed and fuel. The unique characters of cyanobacteria include short generation times, their ubiquitous presence and efficient nitrogen fixing potential. Cyanobacteria are unique organisms performing photosynthesis, bioremediation of wastewater, high biomass and biofuel productions etc. They are also used in the treatment of industrial and domestic wastewaters for the utilization or removal of ammonia, phosphates and other heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Co, Cu, Zn). Biomasses of cyanobacteria are used as biofertilizers for the improvement of nutrient or mineral status and water-holding capacity of the soil. The secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria are used in pharmaceuticals, nutraceutical and chemical industries. In the industrial sector, value-added products from cyanobacteria such as pigments, enzymes and exopolysaccharides are being produced in large scales for biomedical and health applications. Age-old applications of cyanobacteria in agroecosystems as biofertilizers (Anabaena sp; Nostoc sp.) and in industrial sectors as food products (Spirulina) have motivated the researchers to come up with much more specific applications of cyanobacteria both in agricultural and in industrial sectors. Therefore, considering the effectiveness and efficiency of cyanobacteria, the present review has enlisted the standout qualities of cyanobacteria and their potential applications in agricultural and industrial sectors for the benefit of human beings and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deviram Garlapati
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 100, India
| | - Muthukumar Chandrasekaran
- National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 100, India
| | - ArulAnanth Devanesan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 85280, Negev, MP, Israel
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620015, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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25
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Phycobiliproteins: Molecular structure, production, applications, and prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:340-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Phycocyanin-enriched yogurt and its antibacterial and physicochemical properties during 21 days of storage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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27
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Tavanandi HA, Raghavarao KSMS. Recovery of chlorophylls from spent biomass of Arthrospira platensis obtained after extraction of phycobiliproteins. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 271:391-401. [PMID: 30296746 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extraction of chlorophylls has received scant attention or priority over phycobiliproteins from Arthrospira platensis. In fact extraction of chlorophylls from spent biomass (left after extraction of phycobiliproteins which goes as waste or underutilized) on drying, will improve the economics of the overall downstream processing. Ethanol (yield 5.75 mg/g, db), being a food grade solvent, was preferred over acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in spite of their slightly better yields (5.85 mg/g, db). The best conditions were 100% concentration of ethanol, 1:8 S/L ratio, pH 6, 50 °C temperature and 1 h extraction time. An increase of 125% in yield besides reduction of 83.3% in extraction time (from 6 to 1 h) could be achieved at standardized conditions. Low-Humidity drying was observed to be a possible alternative to freeze drying for drying of spent biomass. Ultrasonication as pre-treatment and ethanol as solvent were found effective for extraction of chlorophylls from dry spent biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh A Tavanandi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India; Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India
| | - K S M S Raghavarao
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India; Department of Food Engineering, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, India.
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28
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Park WS, Kim HJ, Li M, Lim DH, Kim J, Kwak SS, Kang CM, Ferruzzi MG, Ahn MJ. Two Classes of Pigments, Carotenoids and C-Phycocyanin, in Spirulina Powder and Their Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082065. [PMID: 30126131 PMCID: PMC6222893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira platensis is the widely available source of spirulina that contains distinctive natural pigments, including carotenoids and C-phycocyanin (C-PC). In this study, the major carotenoid and C-PC contents were determined in seven commercially available spirulina powder products and laboratory-prepared A. platensis trichomes (AP-1) by an LC-DAD method and UV-Visible spectrometry, respectively. The correlation of these two pigment content levels with Hunter color coordinates and antioxidant activity was also evaluated. The L* value failed to show a significant correlation with pigment content, but a positive correlation was observed between a* values and the contents of total carotenoid and C-PC. As b* values decreased, the chlorophyll a and C-PC contents increased. AP-1 exhibited the highest content of total carotenoids, chlorophyll a and C-PC, and antioxidant activities among the samples. This observation could be related to degradation of these pigments during the mass production process. The carotenoid profiles suggested that the commercial spirulina powders originated from two different sources, A. platensis and A. maxima. Total carotenoid and C-PC content exhibited positive significant correlations with antioxidant activities measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. These results provide a strong scientific foundation for the establishment of standards for the commercial distribution of quality spirulina products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Sung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Min Li
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Dong Hoon Lim
- Department of Information and Statistics and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
| | - Jungmin Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 52834, Korea.
| | - Sang-Soo Kwak
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | | | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea.
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29
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Tavanandi HA, Mittal R, Chandrasekhar J, Raghavarao K. Simple and efficient method for extraction of C-Phycocyanin from dry biomass of Arthospira platensis. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kissoudi M, Sarakatsianos I, Samanidou V. Isolation and purification of food-grade C-phycocyanin from Arthrospira platensis and its determination in confectionery by HPLC with diode array detection. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:975-981. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kissoudi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Ioannis Sarakatsianos
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Victoria Samanidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
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31
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Tańska M, Konopka I, Ruszkowska M. Sensory, Physico-Chemical and Water Sorption Properties of Corn Extrudates Enriched with Spirulina. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 72:250-257. [PMID: 28866858 PMCID: PMC5594037 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study compares the quality of extrudates made from corn grits with the addition of up to 8% of spirulina powder. The sensory properties (shape, color, aroma, taste and crispness), chemicals (content of water, protein, fat, ash, fiber, carbohydrates, carotenoids, chlorophyll and phycocyanin) and physical properties (color, water absorption index, expansion indices, texture and water sorption properties) were determined. It has been found that spirulina-enriched extrudates had slightly lower sensory scores, but the addition of spirulina improved their nutritional value. The contents of protein, ash, fiber and β-carotene increased in extrudates with 8% of spirulina by 34, 36, 140 and 1,260%, respectively. The increasing addition of spirulina caused a decrease in extrudates lightness, an increase in their greenness and yellowness accompanied by a decrease of expansion indices and an increase of softness. Only small differences were found in water sorption properties, suggesting a similar behavior of spirulina-enriched extrudates during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Tańska
- Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Pl. Cieszyński 1, 10-726, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Iwona Konopka
- Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Pl. Cieszyński 1, 10-726, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Millena Ruszkowska
- Department of Commodity Science and Quality, Maritime Academy, Ul. Morska 83, 81-225, Gdynia, Poland
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32
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Qin B, Liu X, Cui H, Ma Y, Wang Z, Han J. Aqueous two-phase assisted by ultrasound for the extraction of anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murr. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:881-888. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1350980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benlin Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Xuecong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Zimin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jing Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
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34
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Medical Application of Spirulina platensis Derived C-Phycocyanin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7803846. [PMID: 27293463 PMCID: PMC4879233 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7803846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Along with the development of marine biological pharmaceutical research, high-effective and low-toxic drugs and functional foods isolated from marine organisms have become a new field of pharmacy and bromatology. The pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antitumor, immunological enhancement, and hepatorenal protection of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina platensis, have been reported, and C-PC has important value of development and utilization either as drug or as functional food. There are many researches about the various pharmacological actions and mechanisms of C-PC, but related reports are only to some extent integrated deeply and accurately enough, which put some limitations to the further application of C-PC in medicine. Particularly, with the improvement of living standards and attention to health issues, C-PC being a functional food is preferred by more and more people. C-PC is easy to get, safe, and nontoxic; thus, it has a great potential of research and development as a drug or functional food. Here, the separation and purification, physicochemical properties, physiological and pharmacological activities, safety, and some applications are reviewed to provide relevant basis for the development of natural medicine and applied products.
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Pourebrahimi F, Shahriari S, Salehifar M, Mozafari H. Partitioning of Vanillin in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Formed by Cholinium Chloride and K3PO4. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pourebrahimi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University
| | - Shahla Shahriari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University
| | - Mania Salehifar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University
| | - Hamid Mozafari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University
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