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Tsegay ZT, Agriopoulou S, Chaari M, Smaoui S, Varzakas T. Statistical Tools to Optimize the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Marine Byproducts. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:182. [PMID: 38667799 PMCID: PMC11050780 DOI: 10.3390/md22040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Techniques for extracting important bioactive molecules from seafood byproducts, viz., bones, heads, skin, frames, fins, shells, guts, and viscera, are receiving emphasis due to the need for better valorization. Employing green extraction technologies for efficient and quality production of these bioactive molecules is also strictly required. Hence, understanding the extraction process parameters to effectively design an applicable optimization strategy could enable these improvements. In this review, statistical optimization strategies applied for the extraction process parameters of obtaining bioactive molecules from seafood byproducts are focused upon. The type of experimental designs and techniques applied to criticize and validate the effects of independent variables on the extraction output are addressed. Dominant parameters studied were the enzyme/substrate ratio, pH, time, temperature, and power of extraction instruments. The yield of bioactive compounds, including long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, peptides, enzymes, gelatine, collagen, chitin, vitamins, polyphenolic constituents, carotenoids, etc., were the most studied responses. Efficiency and/or economic and quality considerations and their selected optimization strategies that favor the production of potential bioactive molecules were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenebe Tadesse Tsegay
- Department of Food Science and Post-Harvest Technology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle P.O. Box 231, Ethiopia;
| | - Sofia Agriopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece;
| | - Moufida Chaari
- Laboratory of Microbial and Enzymatic Biotechnologies and Biomolecules, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial and Enzymatic Biotechnologies and Biomolecules, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia; (M.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece;
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Bai L, Liu L, Esquivel M, Tardy BL, Huan S, Niu X, Liu S, Yang G, Fan Y, Rojas OJ. Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11604-11674. [PMID: 35653785 PMCID: PMC9284562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chitin, a fascinating biopolymer found in living organisms, fulfills current demands of availability, sustainability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, functionality, and renewability. A feature of chitin is its ability to structure into hierarchical assemblies, spanning the nano- and macroscales, imparting toughness and resistance (chemical, biological, among others) to multicomponent materials as well as adding adaptability, tunability, and versatility. Retaining the inherent structural characteristics of chitin and its colloidal features in dispersed media has been central to its use, considering it as a building block for the construction of emerging materials. Top-down chitin designs have been reported and differentiate from the traditional molecular-level, bottom-up synthesis and assembly for material development. Such topics are the focus of this Review, which also covers the origins and biological characteristics of chitin and their influence on the morphological and physical-chemical properties. We discuss recent achievements in the isolation, deconstruction, and fractionation of chitin nanostructures of varying axial aspects (nanofibrils and nanorods) along with methods for their modification and assembly into functional materials. We highlight the role of nanochitin in its native architecture and as a component of materials subjected to multiscale interactions, leading to highly dynamic and functional structures. We introduce the most recent advances in the applications of nanochitin-derived materials and industrialization efforts, following green manufacturing principles. Finally, we offer a critical perspective about the adoption of nanochitin in the context of advanced, sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Bai
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Liang Liu
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuel and Chemicals,
College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Marianelly Esquivel
- Polymer
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National University of Costa Rica, Heredia 3000, Costa Rica
| | - Blaise L. Tardy
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Siqi Huan
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xun Niu
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry
of Education), Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of
Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yimin Fan
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuel and Chemicals,
College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing
Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, and Department of Wood Science, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
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Koteshwara A. Simple Methods for the Preparation of Colloidal Chitin, Cell Free Supernatant and Estimation of Laminarinase. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4176. [PMID: 34722823 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Colloidal chitin (CC) is a common substrate used in research work involving chitin-active enzymes (chitinases). Cell free supernatant (CFS) is prepared from fermented broth. Preparation of CC and CFS usually involve large amounts of liquid, which must be separated from the solids. This necessitates the use of a large volume centrifugation facility, which may not be accessible to everyone. Filtration is a viable alternative to centrifugation, and several filter elements are described in the literature. Each of those elements has its own set of disadvantages like non-availability, high cost, fragility, and non-reusability. Here we describe the use of lab coat clothing material (LCCM) for the preparation of CC and CFS. For filtration purposes, the LCCM was found to be functional, rugged, reusable, and cost-effective. Also described here is a new method for the estimation of laminarinase using a laminarin infused agarose gel plate. An easily available optical fabric brightener (OFB) was used as a stain for the agarose plate. The laminarin infused agarose plate assay is simple, inexpensive, and was found to be impervious to high amounts of ammonium sulfate (AS) in enzyme precipitates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthamurthy Koteshwara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MCOPS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Soares LDS, Tonole B, Milião GL, Teixeira ÁVNDC, Coimbra JSDR, de Oliveira EB. Aqueous solutions of glycolic, propionic, or lactic acid in substitution of acetic acid to prepare chitosan dispersions: a study based on rheological and physicochemical properties. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:1797-1807. [PMID: 33897016 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan (CH) is a biopolymer derived from chitin, which is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, after cellulose. Their functional groups -NH2 and -OH can form intermolecular interactions with water and other molecules, enabling a variety of applications for CH. -NH2 groups become protonated in acidic solutions, causing an increase in electrostatic repulsion between CH chains, which facilitates their dispersion in aqueous media. Aqueous solutions of acetic acid and/or acetates buffers have been used to disperse CH, but may not be adequate for technological applications, espeacially because of the strong flavor this acid confers to formulations. In this study, 0.125; 0.250; 0.500; 0.750 and 1.000 g (100 g)-1 CH dispersions were prepared in acidic aqueous media (50 mmol L-1), not only with acetic (AA), but also with glycolic (GA), propionic (PA), or lactic (LA), acid aiming to evaluate the effects of biopolymer concentration and type of organic acid on: electrical conductivity, pH, density and rheological characteristics of dispersions. Moreover, ζ potential values of CH chains dispersed in these acidic aqueous media were assessed. pH, density and consistency index were influenced by the biopolymer concentration, but not by the acid type. At a given biopolymer concentration, ζ potential signs (+) and values suggested that electrostatic interactions between CH chains and counter-anions occurred, regardless of the type of the organic acid. Thus, at least from a physicochemical point of view, GA, PA or LA showed to be suitable to replace AA when preparing dispersions containing from 0.125 to 1.000 g (100 g)-1 CH for technological purposes, such as thickening or stabilizer in formulated food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Souza Soares
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Bruna Tonole
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Gustavo Leite Milião
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | | | - Jane Sélia Dos Reis Coimbra
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Basílio de Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000 Brazil
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Li Q, Lu F, Zhou G, Yu K, Lu B, Xiao Y, Dai F, Wu D, Lan G. Silver Inlaid with Gold Nanoparticle/Chitosan Wound Dressing Enhances Antibacterial Activity and Porosity, and Promotes Wound Healing. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3766-3775. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guofang Zhou
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kun Yu
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bitao Lu
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Science, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Fangying Dai
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dayang Wu
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guangqian Lan
- College
of Textile and Garments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, Chongqing 400715, China
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Suresh PV, Raj KR, Nidheesh T, Pal GK, Sakhare PZ. Application of chitosan for improvement of quality and shelf life of table eggs under tropical room conditions. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 52:6345-54. [PMID: 26396379 PMCID: PMC4573122 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-1721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The current investigation was conducted to study the effectiveness of chitosan coating in preserving the internal quality of table eggs stored under tropical room conditions of 32 ± 1 °C and 60-70 % r. h. Internal, physical and microbiological quality of eggs coated with chitosan was evaluated during 5-week storage at different temperature (22 ± 1 and 32 ± 1 °C). Chitin was extracted from shrimp processing raw byproducts and deacetylated to high quality chitosan. The prepared chitosan was analyzed for its characteristic properties. The chitosan with a viscosity of 2206 mPa.S was used to prepare the coating solution. The weight loss, Haugh unit, and yolk index values suggested that coating of eggs with shrimp α-chitosan increased the shelf life of eggs by almost 4-week at 22 ± 1 °C and 3-week at 32 ± 1 °C compared with controls (non chitosan coated and acetic acid coated) eggs. Three-time repeated coating was more effective in preserving the internal quality and preventing weight loss than with single-time coating of chitosan on egg. Therefore, three-time coating of eggs with 2206 mPa.S chitosan offer a protective barrier for preserving the internal quality of eggs stored at tropical room conditions and concomitantly prevent contamination with microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. V. Suresh
- />Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
- />Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - K. Rathina Raj
- />Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - T. Nidheesh
- />Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
- />Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - Gaurav Kumar Pal
- />Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
- />Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - P. Z. Sakhare
- />Department of Meat and Marine Sciences, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
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