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Cao X, Zhu Y, Cheng S, Zhang K, Wang H, Ba Q. Molecular Characteristics of Aberrant Gene Mutations and Expression Profiles Induced by Benzo(a)pyrene in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. TOXICS 2024; 12:499. [PMID: 39058151 PMCID: PMC11280947 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a prevalent food and environmental carcinogen. Chronic low-dose BaP exposure can promote the migratory and invasive capacities of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, yet its intricate molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Utilizing the established BaP-exposed HCC cell model, we analyzed the gene expression alteration, exosomal RNA cargo, and genetic variants induced by BaP through transcriptomic and whole-genome sequencing. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant dysregulation in genes and pathways associated with tumor metastasis, particularly those involved in steroidal lipid metabolism and cell migration. BaP exposure enriched PI3K-AKT, mTOR, and NF-κB signaling pathways and disrupted genes implicated in cellular secretory processes, suggesting the potential involvement of exosomes in metastasis. Exosome analysis depicted the RNA profiling in exosomes of HCC cells altered by BaP, and the exosomal circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was constructed. Finally, whole-genome sequencing delineated BaP-induced gene mutations and genomic instability in HCC cells. In summary, prolonged low-dose BaP exposure induces intricate molecular alterations in gene mutation and expression profiles in HCC cells, notably those secreted in exosomes, which may potentially remodel the tumor microenvironment and foster HCC metastasis. Our findings offer new insights into the molecular underpinnings of BaP-induced HCC metastasis, thereby advancing the comprehensive understanding of BaP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Cao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kunxiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qian Ba
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
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Liu T, Zhang L, Pan L, Yang D. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons' Impact on Crops and Occurrence, Sources, and Detection Methods in Food: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:1977. [PMID: 38998483 PMCID: PMC11240991 DOI: 10.3390/foods13131977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent a category of persistent organic pollutants that pose a global concern in the realm of food safety due to their recognized carcinogenic properties in humans. Food can be contaminated with PAHs that are present in water, air, or soil, or during food processing and cooking. The wide and varied sources of PAHs contribute to their persistent contamination of food, leading to their accumulation within these products. As a result, monitoring of the levels of PAHs in food is necessary to guarantee the safety of food products as well as the public health. This review paper attempts to give its readers an overview of the impact of PAHs on crops, their occurrence and sources, and the methodologies employed for the sample preparation and detection of PAHs in food. In addition, possible directions for future research are proposed. The objective is to provide references for the monitoring, prevention, and in-depth exploration of PAHs in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Taihu Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215106, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Suzhou Vocational University Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Suzhou 215104, China
| | - Leiqing Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daifeng Yang
- Jiangsu Taihu Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215106, China
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Zou H, Zhang M, Chen J, Aniagu S, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR-mediated DNA damage contributes to BaP-induced cardiac malformations in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167636. [PMID: 37806592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon widely present in the environment. We previously reported that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) mediates BaP-induced apoptosis and cardiac malformations in zebrafish embryos, but the underlying molecular mechanisms were unclear. Since BaP is a mutagenetic compound, we hypothesize that BaP induces apoptosis and heart defects via AHR-mediated DNA damage. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to BaP at a concentration of 0.1 μM from 2 to 72 h post fertilization, either with or without inhibitors/agonists. AHR activity and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined under a fluorescence microscope. mRNA expression levels were quantified by qPCR. DNA damage and apoptosis were detected by immunofluorescence. Our findings revealed that BaP exposure significantly increased BPDE-DNA adducts, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis and heart defects in zebrafish embryos. These effects were counteracted by inhibiting AHR/cyp1a1 using pharmaceutical inhibitors or genetic knockdown. Furthermore, we observed that spironolactone, an antagonist of nucleotide excision repair (NER), significantly enhanced BaP-induced BPDE-DNA adducts, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis and heart malformation rates. Conversely, SRT1720, a SIRT1 agonist, reduced the adverse effects of BaP. Supplementation with spironolactone also enhanced γ-H2AX signals in the heart of zebrafish embryos exposed to BaP. Additional experiments demonstrated that BaP suppressed the expression of SIRT1. We further established that AHR, when activated by BaP, directly inhibited SIRT1 transcription, leading to downregulation of XPC and XPA, which are essential NER genes involved in the recognition and verification steps of the NER process. Taken together, our results indicate that AHR mediates BaP-induced DNA damage in the heart of zebrafish embryos by inducing BPDE-DNA adduct formation via the AHR/Cyp1a1 signalling pathway, as well as suppressing NER via AHR-mediated inhibition of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zou
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Education Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingxuan Zhang
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Education Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Education Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment, and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Education Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Education Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou, China.
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Chi H, Wang L, Wang S, Liu G. An electrochemiluminescence sensor based on CsPbBr 3 -zquantum dots and poly (3-thiophene acetic acid) cross-linked nanogold imprinted layer for the determination of benzo(a)pyrene in edible oils. Food Chem 2023; 426:136508. [PMID: 37348399 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
A novel quench molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor (MIECLS) based on a covalent organic framework composite (COF-300-Au) with enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal from CsPbBr3 quantum dots and cross-linked 3-thiopheneacetic acid functionalized AuNPs (3-TAA@AuNPs) was developed for the detection of the environmental pollutant benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). A composite material constructed of COF-300-Au with a large specific surface area served as the sensor's support substrate, providing more CsPbBr3 and imprint recognition sites. Electropolymerization was then employed to form an AuNPs three-dimensional imprinting layer with polythiophene cross-linked using BaP as a template and 3-TAA@AuNPs as a functional monomer. A specific cross-linked imprinting recognition effect was recorded on BaP along with the quenching effect of quinones. The density functional theory (DFT) evaluation of the binding mechanism between 3-TAA@AuNPs and BaP revealed powerful MIECLS toward the detection of BaP at concentrations ranging from 10-14 to 10-5M, with a detection limit of as low as 4.1 × 10-15 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Chi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zhu Y, Zhong S, Peng X, Yu Q, Feng Y. Carbonized loofah sponge-based solid-phase extraction of benzo[ a]pyrene from fish followed by liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:2210-2218. [PMID: 37102616 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00442b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive method combining solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was developed for the determination of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in fish. Loofah sponge (LS) was carbonized and used as an SPE adsorbent. Carbonization decreased the polarity of LS and enhanced its aromaticity. Carbonized loofah sponge (CLS) could capture BaP better through π-π interaction. The carbonization temperature and the SPE conditions were optimized. The linear range of the developed method was within 10-1000 ng g-1 with a satisfactory correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9999. The limit of detection (LOD) was 2.0 ng g-1, which was below the maximum residue limit (5 μg kg-1) in meat set by the European Union. The method showed good intra-day and inter-day precision with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.4% to 1.7%. Finally, the developed method was applied to the determination of BaP in fish samples. This method is low-cost and environmentally friendly with natural and renewable LS as raw material and it provides an alternative approach for the efficient and simple determination of BaP in aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xitian Peng
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Nutritional Quality and Safety of Agro Products, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiongwei Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
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Castañeda-Chávez MDR, Isidoro-Pio ADJ, Lango-Reynoso F, Lizardi-Jiménez MA. Bubble Column Bioreactor using native non-genetically modified organisms: a remediation alternative by hydrocarbon-polluted water from the Gulf of Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Notwithstanding the benefits that oil provides as a source of energy, society also recognizes the environmental problems caused by its use. We evaluated eight coastal sites in the central area of the Gulf of Mexico. At these sites, 14 hydrocarbons were detected which belong to compounds formed by carbons ranging from C9 to C27. The hydrocarbons with the highest concentrations were n-nonane (3.07 ± 1.60 mg L−1), carbazole (0.93 ± 0.12 mg L−1) and benzo [a] pyrene (1.33 ± 0.71 mg L−1). The hydrocarbons found belong mostly to medium fraction hydrocarbons, which are mostly found in fuels such as diesel. Therefore, this fuel was used as a carbon source or substrate in bubble column bioreactors. The capacity of non-genetically modified organisms to degrade microbial hydrocarbons was evaluated using a mineral medium for a period of 14 days. Suspended solids increased from 0.8 to 2.94 g L−1. Diesel consumption was achieved in 12 days of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabiola Lango-Reynoso
- Tecnológico de Boca del Río , Carretera Veracruz-Córdoba Km.12 C.P. 94290 , Boca del Río , Veracruz
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Comparative analysis of conventional and greener extraction methods and method validation for analyzing PAHs in cooked chicken and roasted coffee. Food Chem 2021; 364:130440. [PMID: 34186482 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study compared different extraction methods [sonication, alkaline hydrolysis, supramolecular solvent microextraction (SUPRAS) and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS)] along with their greenness. An analytical method was validated for determination of USEPA's listed 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons' (PAHs) in cooked chicken and roasted coffee using high pressure liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) with a C18 column. The recoveries with QuEChERS ranged between 62.26 and 103.85% (except Naphthalene and Fluorene) and 52.63-78.69% (except Naphthalene) for chicken and coffee respectively while poor recoveries were observed with conventional methods. With SUPRAS, heavy PAHs' recovery in chicken was 71.33-112.23%. Limits of detection (LOD) were 0.03-0.06 ng/mL, regression coefficient values were 0.97-0.99 for 6.25-37.50 ng/mL quantification range. Relative standard deviation was found to be below 22%. The time and energy consumption per sample was 42.50 and 69.06 fold and 77.52 and 139.50 fold less with SUPRAS and QuEChERS method respectively as compared to alkaline hydrolysis.
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Determination of Benzo[a]pyrene in Roast Meat by In Situ Growth of Covalent Organic Framework on Titanium Wire for Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with GC-FID. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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