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Kaushik A, Saxena DC, Singh S. Exploring the potential of browntop millet (Urochloa ramosa) starch: Physicochemical, morphological, thermal and rheological properties across four cultivars. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134923. [PMID: 39217034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive research explores the starch isolated from four browntop millet cultivars to determine physicochemical, thermal, morphological, powder flow, pasting, and rheological properties. Significant variations (p ≤ 0.05) were observed among the cultivars. Aerated bulk density (ABD) and Tapped bulk density (TBD) values ranged from 0.476 g/mL (BTM4) to 0.591 g/mL (BTM1), and 0.591 g/mL (BTM1) to 0.476 g/mL (BTM4). Amylose content varied from 22.55% (BTM4) to 25.86% (BTM3), influencing gelling strength and film-forming properties. Water absorption capacity ranged from 1.78 g/g to 1.92 g/g, while oil absorption capacity varied from 2.20 g/g to 2.47 g/g. DSC analysis showed gelatinization temperatures (Tp, and Tc) ranging from 85.44-91.61 °C, and 147.08-154.21 °C, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed A-type crystalline patterns, with relative crystallinity ranging from 22.66% (BTM3) to 27.81% (BTM2). Pasting properties exhibited variations among cultivars, with peak viscosity ranging from 2480 c P to 3119 cP, and pasting temperature from 77.50 °C to 82.35 °C. Rheological analysis indicated shear-thinning behavior. The findings offer insights into the diverse properties of browntop millet starch, contributing to its potential applications in various industries and potentially guiding future studies on browntop millet starch modifications and novel utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Kaushik
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India
| | - Dharmesh Chandra Saxena
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhcharn Singh
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab, India.
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Malekzadeh E, Tatari A, Dehghani Firouzabadi M. Effects of biodegradation of starch-nanocellulose films incorporated with black tea extract on soil quality. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18817. [PMID: 39138283 PMCID: PMC11322552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the biodegradation behaviour of starch/nanocellulose/black tea extract (SNBTE) films in a 30-day soil burial test. The SNBTE films were prepared by mixing commercial starch, nanocellulose (2, 4, and 6%), and an aqueous solution of black tea extract by a simple mixing and casting process. The chemical and morphological properties of the SNBTE films before and after biodegradation were characterized using the following analytical techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The changes in soil composition, namely pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture content, water holding capacity (WHC), soil respiration, total nitrogen, weight mean diameter (MDW), and geometric mean diameter (GMD), as a result of the biodegradation process, were also estimated. The results showed that the films exhibited considerable biodegradability (35-67%) within 30 days while increasing soil nutrients. The addition of black tea extract reduced the biodegradation rate due to its polyphenol content, which likely resulted in a reduction in microbial activity. The addition of nanocellulose (2-6% weight of starch) increased the tensile strength, but decreased the elongation at break of the films. These results suggest that starch nanocellulose and SNBTE films are not only biodegradable under soil conditions but also positively contribute to soil health, highlighting their potential as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional plastic films in the packaging industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Malekzadeh
- Department of Soil Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Basij Square, PO Box: 4918943464, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran.
| | - Aliasghar Tatari
- Department of Paper Science and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Heena, Kumar N, Singh R, Upadhyay A, Giri BS. Application and functional properties of millet starch: Wet milling extraction process and different modification approaches. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25330. [PMID: 38333841 PMCID: PMC10850599 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the demand and interest of consumers have expanded for using plant-based novel starch sources in different food and non-food processing. Therefore, millet-based value-added functional foods are acquired spare attention due to their excellent nutritional, medicinal, and therapeutic properties. Millet is mainly composed of starch (amylose and amylopectin), which is primary component of the millet grain and defines the quality of millet-based food products. Millet contains approximately 70 % starch of the total grain, which can be used as a, ingredient, thickening agent, binding agent, and stabilizer commercially due to its functional attributes. The physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods are used to extract starch from millet and other cereals. Numerous ways, such as non-thermal physical processes, including ultrasonication, HPP (High pressure processing) high-pressure, PEF (Pulsed electric field), and irradiation are used for modification of millet starch and improve functional properties compared to native starch. In the present review, different databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Science Direct, Web of Science, and PubMed were used to collect research articles, review articles, book chapters, reports, etc., for detailed study about millet starch, their extraction (wet milling process) and modification methods such as physical, chemical, biological. The impact of different modification approaches on the techno-functional properties of millet starch and their applications in different sectors have also been reviewed. The data and information created and aggregated in this study will give users the necessary knowledge to further utilize millet starch for value addition and new product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Nishant Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Rakhi Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Ashutosh Upadhyay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Balendu Shekher Giri
- Sustainability Cluster, Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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Subedi M, Ghimire B, Bagwell JW, Buck JW, Mergoum M. Wheat end-use quality: State of art, genetics, genomics-assisted improvement, future challenges, and opportunities. Front Genet 2023; 13:1032601. [PMID: 36685944 PMCID: PMC9849398 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1032601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat is the most important source of food, feed, and nutrition for humans and livestock around the world. The expanding population has increasing demands for various wheat products with different quality attributes requiring the development of wheat cultivars that fulfills specific demands of end-users including millers and bakers in the international market. Therefore, wheat breeding programs continually strive to meet these quality standards by screening their improved breeding lines every year. However, the direct measurement of various end-use quality traits such as milling and baking qualities requires a large quantity of grain, traits-specific expensive instruments, time, and an expert workforce which limits the screening process. With the advancement of sequencing technologies, the study of the entire plant genome is possible, and genetic mapping techniques such as quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide association studies have enabled researchers to identify loci/genes associated with various end-use quality traits in wheat. Modern breeding techniques such as marker-assisted selection and genomic selection allow the utilization of these genomic resources for the prediction of quality attributes with high accuracy and efficiency which speeds up crop improvement and cultivar development endeavors. In addition, the candidate gene approach through functional as well as comparative genomics has facilitated the translation of the genomic information from several crop species including wild relatives to wheat. This review discusses the various end-use quality traits of wheat, their genetic control mechanisms, the use of genetics and genomics approaches for their improvement, and future challenges and opportunities for wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Subedi
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - Bikash Ghimire
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - John White Bagwell
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - James W. Buck
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
| | - Mohamed Mergoum
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, United States
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Moth Bean, Gelatin, and Murraya Koenigii Leaves Extract-Based Film and Coating: Effect of Coating on Shelf and Quality of Solanum Melongena. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8606104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Moth bean starch (MS), gelatin (GA), and Murraya koenigii leaves extract (ME) are blended at different compositions to prepare film and coating according to casting and dipping approaches. Different MS, GA, and ME compositions were used to synthesize films and coating. The film compositions (MS : GA: ME: 60 : 20 : 20 and MS : GA: ME:20 : 60 : 20) were represented in terms of F3 and F4, respectively. The results showed that F3 exhibited better physicochemical properties than other films. In addition, SEM images showed that all components of the films were uniformly mixed and formed smooth surface morphology without cracks and bubbles. FTIR results indicate that ME in the films induces interactions between the film components, causing an improvement in compactness. Moreover, an optimized film-forming solution was tested as a coating. Parameters such as skin tightness, weight loss, pH, titratable acidity, and sensory analysis were considered to check the quality of coated Solanum melongena during storage. The results show that the formulation effectively maintains the quality parameters during storage. Furthermore, it also notices that coating extends the shelf life of Solanum melongena by one week.
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Structural and Physicomechanical Properties of an Active Film Based on Potato Starch, Silver Nanoparticles, and Rose Apple (Syzygium samarangense) Extract. INT J POLYM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7816333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current research work, active films were made from potato starch (PS) and AgNP solution comprising of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and rose apple extract (RE) via the casting method at various concentrations. AgNP solution in the PS matrix significantly altered the physical properties such as opacity, water vapor permeability mechanical property, solubility, and swelling index of the films. The influence of AgNP solution on the properties of the films was deeply examined. The results found that the 15% AgNP solution films exhibited better physicochemical properties. The presence of AgNP solution in the PS matrix significantly improved the properties of active films which is evident from the results of FTIR and SEM. Results show that AgNPs and PS were uniformly mixed and formed continuous and homogenous films without bubbles and cracks. In addition, the AgNP solution in the films significantly improved the antibacterial activity against S. aureus than P. aeruginosa in the films.
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Gautam N, Garg S, Yadav S. Development of Flexible and Thin Films from Underutilized Indian Finger Millet (
Eleusine coracana
) Starch. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naina Gautam
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Grand Trunk Road, Barnala‐Amritsar Bypass Rd Jalandhar Punjab 144011 India
| | - Sangeeta Garg
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Grand Trunk Road, Barnala‐Amritsar Bypass Rd Jalandhar Punjab 144011 India
| | - Shashikant Yadav
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Grand Trunk Road, Barnala‐Amritsar Bypass Rd Jalandhar Punjab 144011 India
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