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Naeimi MH, Mohammadi MT, Sepandi M, Ghoshooni H, Rahimi Nasrabadi M, Gharib A, Bahari Z. Effects of Fe 2+ Nanoparticles on Pain Responses and Neural Oscillation Following Chronic Neuropathic Pain in Rats. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2023; 78:1852-1860. [PMID: 38828172 PMCID: PMC11139402 DOI: 10.32592/ari.2023.78.6.1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain, a chronic pain condition caused by nerve damage either of the peripheral or central nervous system, responds poorly to current drug treatments. The present study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anxiolytic effect of Fe2+ nanoparticles on chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats. We also assessed the effects of Fe2+ nanoparticles on brain rhythmical oscillation in rats with neuropathic pain. The CCI model was induced by four loose ligations of the left sciatic nerve. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, sham, CCI, and CCI+Fe2+ nanoparticle (1 mg/kg). The Fe2+ nanoparticle was administered by gavage on the day of CCI surgery (day 0) and daily (once a day) for 21 consecutive days after CCI surgery. Behavioral studies were conducted on days -1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after CCI. An acetone test and elevated plus maze were performed to evaluate cold allodynia and induced anxiety-like responses, respectively. A field test was conducted to evaluate innate anxiety-like behaviors. In addition, an electrophysiological study was carried out on day 21 after CCI to assess the effects of drugs on brain wave power. Application of Fe2+ significantly reduced cold allodynia in all tested days after CCI, compared to the CCI group. The obtained data demonstrated that Fe2+ nanoparticle gavage caused analgesic and anxiolytic effects on all experimental days after CCI, compared to the CCI group. The CCI surgery significantly disturbed theta, alpha, and beta power in the brain. The application of Fe2+ nanoparticles could not significantly change brain wave power. It is suggested that Fe2+ nanoparticle has analgesic and anxiolytic effects during chronic neuropathic pain in rats. Furthermore, the CCI surgery effectively disturbed brain theta, alpha, and beta power. Nonetheless, the application of Fe2+ nanoparticles could not change deregulated brain oscillation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Naeimi
- Students research committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M T Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Sepandi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - H Ghoshooni
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Rahimi Nasrabadi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Gharib
- Students research committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z Bahari
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xu PC, Song CC, Tan XY, Zhao T, Zhong CC, Xu JJ, Song YF, Luo Z. Characterization of fifteen key genes involved in iron metabolism and their responses to dietary iron sources in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127301. [PMID: 37716208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is an essential metal element for organisms, whose metabolism is regulated by many genes and also dietary iron sources. However, the characterization, distribution and the responses of iron metabolism-related genes to different iron sources were not clear in fish. METHODS The full-length cDNA sequences of fifteen iron metabolism-relevant genes (tf, tfr1, hp, fpn1, ho1, ho2, tfr2, hjv, hepcidin, fth, ftl, ftm, irp1, irp2 and hif2α.) were obtained via 3' and 5' RACE PCR from yellow catfish, a widely distributed freshwater teleost in China and other Asian countries. Their molecular characterizations were analyzed via the bioinformatic methods. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to explore their mRNA distribution in nine tissues. Their mRNA expression responses in four tissues (heart, brain, kidney and gill) were explored in yellow catfish fed diets with five iron sources, including ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), ferrous bisglycinate (Fe-Gly), ferrous chloride (FeCl2), ferric citrate (Fe-CA) and ferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3NPs). RESULTS Compared with mammals and other teleost, these members shared similar domains. Their mRNAs were expressed in nine tested tissues, but mRNA levels varied. Yellow catfish fed the diets containing Fe-Gly and Fe2O3NPs had higher iron contents in heart, brain, kidney and gill. Meantime, different dietary iron sources addition affected their mRNA expression differentially in brain, heart, kidney and gill. It should be pointed out that only three biological replicate tanks were used in the present feeding treatment, and more biological replicate tanks (more than five) should be emphasized in further researches. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study identified fifteen iron metabolism-relevant genes, explored their mRNA expression in nine tissues, and their mRNA expression in the responses to different dietary iron sources in four tissues, indicating their important regulatory function in iron metabolism and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chang-Chun Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chong-Chao Zhong
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie-Jie Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Jindal A, Patil N, Bains A, Sridhar K, Stephen Inbaraj B, Tripathi M, Chawla P, Sharma M. Recent Trends in Cereal- and Legume-Based Protein-Mineral Complexes: Formulation Methods, Toxicity, and Food Applications. Foods 2023; 12:3898. [PMID: 37959017 PMCID: PMC10649166 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Minerals play an important role in maintaining human health as the deficiency of these minerals can lead to serious health issues. To address these deficiencies, current research efforts are actively investigating the utilization of protein-mineral complexes as eco-friendly, non-hazardous, suitable mineral fortifiers, characterized by minimal toxicity, for incorporation into food products. Thus, we reviewed the current challenges in incorporating the cereal-legume protein-inorganic minerals complexes' structure, binding properties, and toxicity during fortification on human health. Moreover, we further reviewed the development of protein-mineral complexes, characterization, and their food applications. The use of inorganic minerals has been associated with several toxic effects, leading to tissue-level toxicity. Cereal- and legume-based protein-mineral complexes effectively reduced the toxicity, improved bone mineral density, and has antioxidant properties. The characterization techniques provided a better understanding of the binding efficiency of cereal- and legume-based protein-mineral complexes. Overall, understanding the mechanism and binding efficiency underlying protein-mineral complex formation provided a novel insight into the design of therapeutic strategies for mineral-related diseases with minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aprajita Jindal
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; (A.J.); (N.P.)
| | - Nikhil Patil
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; (A.J.); (N.P.)
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to Be University), Coimbatore 641021, India
| | | | - Manikant Tripathi
- Biotechnology Program, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya 224001, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; (A.J.); (N.P.)
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Dehnad D, Ghorani B, Emadzadeh B, Emadzadeh M, Assadpour E, Rajabzadeh G, Jafari SM. Recent advances in iron encapsulation and its application in food fortification. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37703437 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2256004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an important element for our body since it takes part in a huge variety of metabolic processes. However, the direct incorporation of Fe into food fortification causes a number of problems along with undesirable organoleptic properties. Thus, encapsulation has been suggested to alleviate this problem. This study first sheds more light on the Fe encapsulation strategies and comprehensively explains the results of Fe encapsulation studies in the last decade. Then, the latest attempts to use Fe (in free or encapsulated forms) to fortify foods such as bakery products, dairy products, rice, lipid-containing foods, salt, fruit/vegetable-based products, and infant formula are presented. Double emulsions are highly effective at keeping their Fe content and display encapsulation efficiency (EE) > 88% although it decreases upon storage. The encapsulation by gel beads possesses several advantages including high EE, as well as reduced and great Fe release in gastric and duodenal conditions, respectively. Cereals, particularly bread and wheat, are common staple foods globally; they are very suitable for food fortification by Fe derivatives. Nevertheless, the majority of Fe in flour is available as salts of phytic acid (IP6) and phytates, reducing Fe bioavailability in the human body. The sourdough process degrades IP6 completely while Chorleywood Bread Making Process and conventional processes decrease it by 75% in comparison with whole meal flour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Dehnad
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Behrouz Ghorani
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahareh Emadzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Emadzadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co, Gorgan, Iran
- Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ghadir Rajabzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Noubactep C, Kenmogne-Tchidjo JF, Vollmer S. Iron-fortified water: a new approach for reducing iron deficiency anemia in resource-constrained settings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13565. [PMID: 37604937 PMCID: PMC10442336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A new approach for fortification of drinking water is presented for combating iron deficiency anemia (IDA) worldwide. The idea is to leach Fe from a bed containing granular metallic iron (Fe0), primarily using ascorbic acid (AA). AA forms very stable and bioavailable complexes with ferrous iron (FeII). Calculated amounts of the FeII-AA solution can be added daily to the drinking water of households or day-care centers for children and adults (e.g. hospitals, kindergartens/schools, refugee camps) to cover the Fe needs of the populations. Granular Fe0 (e.g., sponge iron) in filters is regarded as a locally available Fe carrier in low-income settings, and, AA is also considered to be affordable in low-income countries. The primary idea of this concept is to stabilize FeII from the Fe0 filter by using an appropriate AA solution. An experiment showed that up to 12 mg Fe can be daily leached from 1.0 g of a commercial sponge iron using a 2 mM AA solution. Fe fortification of safe drinking water is a practicable, affordable and efficient method for reducing IDA in low-income communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chicgoua Noubactep
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), Universität Göttingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Water and Environmental Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania.
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Campus of Banekane, Université des Montagnes, P.O. Box 208, Bangangté, Cameroon.
- School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | | | - Sebastian Vollmer
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), Universität Göttingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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Ilangovan SS, Mahanty B, Perumal V, Sen S. Modulating the Effect of β-Sitosterol Conjugated with Magnetic Nanocarriers to Inhibit EGFR and Met Receptor Cross Talk. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2158. [PMID: 37631372 PMCID: PMC10458314 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The cross-talk between the EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) and MET (Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor) poses a significant challenge in the field of molecular signaling. Their intricate interplay leads to dysregulation and contributes to cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. β-Sitosterol (BS), a plant sterol with promising anticancer properties, shows increased research on its potential as a chemopreventive agent. However, significant modifications are required to deliver BS in cancer cells due to its lower efficacy. The present work aims to design a carrier-mediated delivery system specifically targeting cancer cells with EGFR and MET receptor cross-talk. Surface modification of BS was performed with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) to enhance the delivery of BS at the target site. BS was conjugated with SPIONs (BS-S), PNIPAM (BS-SP), PEG, and PNIPAM (BS-SPP) polymers, respectively, and the conjugated complexes were characterized. Results showed an increase in size, stability, and monodispersity in the following order, BS-S, BS-SP, and BS-SPP. The drug encapsulation efficiency was observed to be highest in BS-SPP (82.5%), compared to BS-S (61%) and BS-SP (74.9%). Sustained drug release was achieved in both BS-SP (82.6%) and BS-SPP (83%). The IC 50 value of BS, BS-S, BS-SP, and BS-SPP towards MCF 7 was 242 µg/mL,197 µg/mL, 168 µg/mL, and 149 µg/mL, HEPG2 was 274 µg/mL, 261 µg/mL, 233 µg/mL and 207 µg/mL and NCIH 460 was 191 µg/mL, 185 µg/mL, 175 and 164 µg/mL, indicating highest inhibition towards NCIH 460 cells. Our results conclude that β-sitosterol conjugated with SPION, PEG, and PNIPAM could be a potential targeted therapy in inhibiting EGFR and MET receptor-expressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswanath Mahanty
- Division of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore 641114, India;
| | - Venkatesan Perumal
- Center for Injury Biomechanics, Materials and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Shampa Sen
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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Hossain N, Mobarak MH, Hossain A, Khan F, Mim JJ, Chowdhury MA. Advances of plant and biomass extracted zirconium nanoparticles in dental implant application. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15973. [PMID: 37215906 PMCID: PMC10192772 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are minimal materials with unique physicochemical features that set them apart from bulk materials of the same composition. These properties make nanoparticles highly desirable for use in commercial and medical research. The primary intention for the development of nanotechnology is to achieve overarching social objectives like bettering our understanding of nature, boosting productivity, improving healthcare, and extending the bounds of sustainable development and human potential. Keeping this as a motivation, Zirconia nanoparticles are becoming the preferred nanostructure for modern biomedical applications. This nanotechnology is exceptionally versatile and has several potential uses in dental research. This review paper concentrated on the various benefits of zirconium nanoparticles in dentistry and how they provide superior strength and flexibility compared to their counterparts. Moreover, the popularity of zirconium nanoparticles is also growing as it has strong biocompatibility potency. Zirconium nanoparticles can be used to develop or address the major difficulty in dentistry. Therefore, this review paper aims to provide a summary of the fundamental research and applications of zirconium nanoparticles in dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayem Hossain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hosne Mobarak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Amran Hossain
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Fardin Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Juhi Jannat Mim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUBAT-International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Gazipur, Gazipur, 1707, Bangladesh
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Ciont C, Mesaroș A, Pop OL, Vodnar DC. Iron oxide nanoparticles carried by probiotics for iron absorption: a systematic review. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:124. [PMID: 37038224 PMCID: PMC10088223 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-third of the world's population has anemia, contributing to higher morbidity and death and impaired neurological development. Conventional anemia treatment raises concerns about iron bioavailability and gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. This research aims to establish how iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) interact with probiotic cells and how they affect iron absorption, bioavailability, and microbiota variation. METHODS Pointing to the study of the literature and developing a review and critical synthesis, a robust search methodology was utilized by the authors. The literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Information was collected between January 2017 and June 2022 using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) protocols for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We identified 122 compatible research articles. RESULTS The research profile of the selected scientific articles revealed the efficacy of IONPs treatment carried by probiotics versus conventional treatment. Therefore, the authors employed content assessment on four topics to synthesize previous studies. The key subjects of the reviewed reports are the characteristics of the IONPs synthesis method, the evaluation of cell absorption and cytotoxicity of IONPs, and the transport of IONPs with probiotics in treating anemia. CONCLUSIONS To ensure a sufficient iron level in the enterocyte, probiotics with the capacity to attach to the gut wall transport IONPs into the enterocyte, where the maghemite nanoparticles are released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călina Ciont
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Amalia Mesaroș
- Physics and Chemistry Department, C4S Centre, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Street, 400114, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Food-Grade Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Exposure Alters Intestinal Microbial Populations, Brush Border Membrane Functionality and Morphology, In Vivo ( Gallus gallus). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020431. [PMID: 36829990 PMCID: PMC9952780 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Among food additive metal oxide nanoparticles (NP), titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) are commonly used as food coloring or anti-caking agents, while zinc oxide (ZnO) and iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) are added as antimicrobials and coloring agents, respectively, and can be used as micronutrient supplements. To elucidate potential perturbations associated with NP consumption on gastrointestinal health and development, this in vivo study utilized the Gallus gallus (broiler chicken) intraamniotic administration to assess the effects of physiologically relevant concentrations of food-grade metal oxide NP on brush border membrane (BBM) functionality, intestinal morphology and intestinal microbial populations in vivo. Six groups with 1 mL injection of the following treatments were utilized: non-injected, 18 MΩ DI H2O; 1.4 × 10-6 mg TiO2 NP/mL, 2.0 × 10-5 mg SiO2 NP/mL, 9.7 × 10-6 mg ZnO NP/mL, and 3.8 × 10-4 mg Fe2O3 NP/mL (n = 10 per group). Upon hatch, blood, cecum, and duodenum were collected to assess mineral (iron and zinc) metabolism, BBM functional, and pro-inflammatory-related protein gene expression, BBM morphometric analysis, and the relative abundance of intestinal microflora. Food additive NP altered mineral transporter, BBM functionality, and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression, affected intestinal BBM development and led to compositional shifts in intestinal bacterial populations. Our results suggest that food-grade TiO₂ and SiO₂ NP have the potential to negatively affect intestinal functionality; food-grade ZnO NP exposure effects were associated with supporting intestinal development or compensatory mechanisms due to intestinal damage, and food-grade Fe₂O₃ NP was found to be a possible option for iron fortification, though with potential alterations in intestinal functionality and health.
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Lu S, Ma T, Hu X, Zhou Y, Wang T, Song Y. Synthesis and characterization of cellulose nanocrystal-Fe composite nanoparticles and their digestion behavior in simulated gastric fluid. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:198-206. [PMID: 36346263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) exhibit great potential as a food emulsifier or functional material template. Herein, CNC-Fe nanoparticles were successfully prepared via an in situ chemical reduction approach. Zeta potential measurements, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy showed that Fe(III) ions were adsorbed onto CNC when FeCl3 was added to a CNC dispersion. Micromorphological analysis revealed small (diameter = 10.0 ± 2.4 nm) spherical nanoparticles synthesized on the surface of aggregated CNC after the reduction of the Fe(III) ions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed an intense peak at 779 cm-1 in the CNC-Fe nanoparticles, which was attributed to FeO stretching vibrations. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the valence state of Fe in CNC-Fe nanoparticles was predominantly ferrous. The synthesized CNC-Fe nanoparticles demonstrated excellent colloidal stability in a dispersion for 21 d and complete, rapid, and spontaneous dissolution in vitro simulated gastric fluid. Our results highlight the potential use of CNC as a template for loading Fe into nanoparticles for Fe fortification in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Lu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tao Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinna Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxing Zhou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianhui Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Song
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China.
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Góral D, Marczuk A, Góral-Kowalczyk M, Koval I, Andrejko D. Application of Iron Nanoparticle-Based Materials in the Food Industry. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:780. [PMID: 36676517 PMCID: PMC9862918 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to their different properties compared to other materials, nanoparticles of iron and iron oxides are increasingly used in the food industry. Food technologists have especially paid attention to their ease of separation by magnetic fields and biocompatibility. Unfortunately, the consumption of increasing amounts of nanoparticles has raised concerns about their biotoxicity. Hence, knowledge about the applicability of iron nanoparticle-based materials in the food industry is needed not only among scientists, but also among all individuals who are involved in food production. The first part of this article describes typical methods of obtaining iron nanoparticles using chemical synthesis and so-called green chemistry. The second part of this article describes the use of iron nanoparticles and iron nanoparticle-based materials for active packaging, including the ability to eliminate oxygen and antimicrobial activity. Then, the possibilities of using the magnetic properties of iron nano-oxides for enzyme immobilization, food analysis, protein purification and mycotoxin and histamine removal from food are described. Other described applications of materials based on iron nanoparticles are the production of artificial enzymes, process control, food fortification and preserving food in a supercooled state. The third part of the article analyzes the biocompatibility of iron nanoparticles, their impact on the human body and the safety of their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Góral
- Department of Biological Bases of Food and Feed Technologies, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marczuk
- Department of Agricultural Forestry and Transport Machines, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Góral-Kowalczyk
- Department of Agricultural Forestry and Transport Machines, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Iryna Koval
- Department of Physical, Analytical and General Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Dariusz Andrejko
- Department of Biological Bases of Food and Feed Technologies, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
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Kumari A, Gupta A, Chauhan AK. Optimization of the iron-enriched extruded snack containing jackfruit seed flour, mung bean flour and ferrous ammonium phosphate by using response surface methodology. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe Food and Agriculture Organization (State of food and agriculture. Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction, 2019) stated that approximately 1.3 billion tons of food wasted every year caused the emission of around 4.4 gigatons of greenhouse gas. World Health Organization highlights that iron deficiency affects billions of people worldwide and remains the leading cause of anemia. With the growth of healthy and sustainable diets and consumers’ better understanding of the relationship between diet, health, and the environment, there is an opportunity to develop novel healthy extruded snacks. The present study was carried out using response surface methodology to investigate the effects of varying proportions of jackfruit seed flour, mung bean flour, and ferrous ammonium phosphate on physical and functional properties of extruded snacks. Experiments were carried out using a central composite rotatable design with three independent parameters such as jackfruit seed flour(%), mung bean flour(%), and ferrous ammonium phosphate (%), and five responses such as bulk density (BD), expansion ratio (ER), hardness, color difference (ΔE), and iron content. It was found that ferrous ammonium phosphate significantly increased the iron content. Bulk density, expansion ratio, and hardness were significantly affected by jackfruit seed flour and mung bean flour. All independent variables significantly influenced colour value. The optimized iron-enrich extruded snacks were obtained at 24.87% jackfruit seed flour, 20.95% mung bean flour, and 0.021% ferrous ammonium phosphate. The optimized extruded snack contained 15.32 g/100 g protein and 22.03 mg/100 g iron content. Results of the study indicate that the optimized extruded snack could be used as a protein and iron source to mitigate malnutrition and anemia.
Graphical Abstract
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Kaur N, Agarwal A, Sabharwal M. Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:2094-2107. [PMID: 36387591 PMCID: PMC9641006 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A rising trend in the global prevalence of anaemia is still prevailing. To combat micronutrient deficiencies, World Health Organisation/Food Agriculture Organisation (2006) guidelines recommended four chief strategies - supplementation, fortification, nutrition education and dietary diversity. Of the four strategies, food fortification has been considered as the most efficacious and economical approach. However, it is the directives themselves that highlight two major bottlenecks associated with conventional fortification - uniform dissemination of the fortifier in food vehicle that mostly include staple foods, and internal and external compliance evaluation of fortification regulations and standards by the producers. As a result, researchers envisaged a new strategy - Food-to-food fortification that complements conventional fortification. This strategy involves fortification of food vehicles with nutrient-rich food-based fortifiers. The major advantage of utilising food-based fortifiers is that they hold the potential of enhancing the bioavailability of the fortified food and providing additional nutrients and thus, resulting in dietary diversification. It also facilitates the utilisation of underutilised crops as food-based fortifiers. Underutilised crops have been recognised as potential beneficial food source accounting to their nutritional, ecological, and fiscal benefits. This review paper delves into the strengths and shortcomings of conventional iron fortification. It delineates the concept of food-to-food fortification, while precisely discussing about the best practices to be followed to address the possible challenges associated with this strategy. It also promotes the utilisation of underutilised iron rich foods to develop fortified foods and avert global food insecurity. Furthermore, it provides a summary of the studies conducted around the world to develop fortified foods using iron compounds and iron-rich foods, and to investigate their efficacy in managing iron deficiency anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naman Kaur
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Aparna Agarwal
- Food Technology, Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Manisha Sabharwal
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Lady Irwin College, University of Delhi, Sikandra Road, New Delhi, 110001, India
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Ooi SL, Pak SC, Campbell R, Manoharan A. Polyphenol-Rich Ginger ( Zingiber officinale) for Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Other Clinical Entities Associated with Altered Iron Metabolism. Molecules 2022; 27:6417. [PMID: 36234956 PMCID: PMC9573525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is rich in natural polyphenols and may potentially complement oral iron therapy in treating and preventing iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). This narrative review explores the benefits of ginger for IDA and other clinical entities associated with altered iron metabolism. Through in vivo, in vitro, and limited human studies, ginger supplementation was shown to enhance iron absorption and thus increase oral iron therapy's efficacy. It also reduces oxidative stress and inflammation and thus protects against excess free iron. Ginger's bioactive polyphenols are prebiotics to the gut microbiota, promoting gut health and reducing the unwanted side effects of iron tablets. Moreover, ginger polyphenols can enhance the effectiveness of erythropoiesis. In the case of iron overload due to comorbidities from chronic inflammatory disorders, ginger can potentially reverse the adverse impacts and restore iron balance. Ginger can also be used to synthesise nanoparticles sustainably to develop newer and more effective oral iron products and functional ingredients for IDA treatment and prevention. Further research is still needed to explore the applications of ginger polyphenols in iron balance and anaemic conditions. Specifically, long-term, well-designed, controlled trials are required to validate the effectiveness of ginger as an adjuvant treatment for IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Liang Ooi
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
| | - Sok Cheon Pak
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
| | - Ron Campbell
- The Oaks Medical Practice, The Oaks, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Arumugam Manoharan
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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Delivery and assessment of a CRISPR/nCas9-based genome editing system on in vitro models of mucopolysaccharidoses IVA assisted by magnetite-based nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15045. [PMID: 36057729 PMCID: PMC9440901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19407-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis IV A (MPS IVA) is a lysosomal disorder caused by mutations in the GALNS gene. Consequently, the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate accumulate in the lysosomal lumen. Although enzyme replacement therapy has shown essential advantages for the patients, several challenges remain to overcome, such as the limited impact on the bone lesion and recovery of oxidative profile. Recently, we validated a CRISPR/nCas9-based gene therapy with promising results in an in vitro MPS IVA model. In this study, we have expanded the use of this CRISPR/nCas9 system to several MPS IVA fibroblasts carrying different GALNS mutations. Considering the latent need to develop more safety vectors for gene therapy, we co-delivered the CRISPR/nCas9 system with a novel non-viral vector based on magnetoliposomes (MLPs). We found that the CRISPR/nCas9 treatment led to an increase in enzyme activity between 5 and 88% of wild-type levels, as well as a reduction in GAGs accumulation, lysosomal mass, and mitochondrial-dependent oxidative stress, in a mutation-dependent manner. Noteworthy, MLPs allowed to obtain similar results to those observed with the conventional transfection agent lipofectamine. Overall, these results confirmed the potential of CRISPR/nCas9 as a genome editing tool for treating MPS IVA. We also demonstrated the potential use of MLPs as a novel delivery system for CRISPR/nCas9-based therapies.
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Formulation and evaluation of novel functional snack bar with amaranth, rolled oat, and unripened banana peel powder. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:3511-3521. [PMID: 35068546 PMCID: PMC8763418 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The present pandemic situation has increased demand for functional foods that enhance all aged groups' people immunity against COVID-19. This factor has led to innovation in snack market because healthy and good quality snack products are lacking. In this study, attempt has been made to develop functional snack bar that is beneficial for malnourished population from various combinations of amaranth grain, oat, and banana peel powder. Among various combinations amaranth grain (60%), oats (25%) and banana peel powder (15%) was found better than other combinations in respect to organoleptic and nutritional quality. Oat and banana peel powder addition increased the contents of protein, mineral, β-glucan, dietary fibre, essential amino acid, phenolic, and antioxidant activity of functional snack bar. TGA analysis shows that active components present in it were stable even at high temperature which adds benefit to its functional property. Microbial studies of FSB revealed it could be stored up to 60 days without microbial contamination and acceptable by consumer. The cost of a functional snack bar was 9.57 per bar, which was less than market snack bar. This study showed that developed functional snack bar snack increases market's revenue and enables snack market to develop new type snack bar.
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Piskin E, Cianciosi D, Gulec S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E. Iron Absorption: Factors, Limitations, and Improvement Methods. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:20441-20456. [PMID: 35755397 PMCID: PMC9219084 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for human life since it participates in many functions in the human body, including oxygen transport, immunity, cell division and differentiation, and energy metabolism. Iron homeostasis is mainly controlled by intestinal absorption because iron does not have active excretory mechanisms for humans. Thus, efficient intestinal iron bioavailability is essential to reduce the risk of iron deficiency anemia. There are two forms of iron, heme and nonheme, found in foods. The average daily dietary iron intake is 10 to 15 mg in humans since only 1 to 2 mg is absorbed through the intestinal system. Nutrient-nutrient interactions may play a role in dietary intestinal iron absorption. Dietary inhibitors such as calcium, phytates, polyphenols and enhancers such as ascorbic acid and proteins mainly influence iron bioavailability. Numerous studies have been carried out for years to enhance iron bioavailability and combat iron deficiency. In addition to traditional methods, innovative techniques are being developed day by day to enhance iron bioavailability. This review will provide information about iron bioavailability, factors affecting absorption, iron deficiency, and recent studies on improving iron bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Piskin
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, via Pietro Ranieri, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sukru Gulec
- Molecular Nutrition and Human Physiology Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, 35430 Urla, İzmir
| | - Merve Tomas
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
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