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Dimitriev O, Kysil D, Zaderko A, Isaieva O, Vasin A, Piryatinski Y, Fahlman M, Nazarov A. Photoluminescence quantum yield of carbon dots: emission due to multiple centers versus excitonic emission. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2185-2197. [PMID: 38633041 PMCID: PMC11019485 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are recognized as promising fluorescent nanomaterials with bright emission and large variations of photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). However, there is still no unique approach for explanation of mechanisms and recipes for synthetic procedures/chemical composition of CDs responsible for the enhancement of PLQY. Here, we compare photophysical behavior and PLQY of two types of CDs synthesized by different routes, leading to the different extent of oxidation and composition. The first type of CDs represents a conjugated carbon system oxidized by F, N and O heteroatoms, whereas the second type represents a non-conjugated carbon system oxidized by oxygen. Photophysical data, photoemission spectroscopy and microscopy data yield the suggestion that in the first case, a structure with a distinct carbon core and highly oxidized electron-accepting shell is formed. This leads to the excitonic type non-tunable emission with single-exponent decay and high PLQY with a strong dependence on the solvent polarity, being as high as 93% in dioxane and as low as 30% in aqueous medium, but which is vulnerable to photobleaching. In the second case, the oxidized CDs do not indicate a clear core-shell structure and show poor solvatochromism, negligible photobleaching, low PLQY varying in the range of 0.7-2.3% depending on the solvent used, and tunable emission with multi-exponent decay, which can be described by the model of multiple emission centers acting through a clustering-triggered emission mechanism. The obtained results lead to a strategy that allows one to design carbon nanomaterials with principally different PLQYs that differ by orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Dimitriev
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
| | - Dmytro Kysil
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | - Alexander Zaderko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University Kyiv 01033 Ukraine
| | - Oksana Isaieva
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- National University "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy" Skovorody, 2 Kyiv 04070 Ukraine
| | - Andrii Vasin
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- National Technical University "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" 37, Peremohy Ave. Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
| | - Yuri Piryatinski
- Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauki 46 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | - Mats Fahlman
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Linköping University Norrköping 60174 Sweden
| | - Alexei Nazarov
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine Pr. Nauky 41 Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
- National Technical University "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" 37, Peremohy Ave. Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
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Kuznietsova H, Géloën A, Dziubenko N, Zaderko A, Alekseev S, Lysenko V, Skryshevsky V. In vitro and in vivo toxicity of carbon dots with different chemical compositions. DISCOVER NANO 2023; 18:111. [PMID: 37682347 PMCID: PMC10491573 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are easy-obtained nanoparticles with wide range of biological activity; however, their toxicity after prolonged exposure is poorly investigated. So, in vitro and in vivo toxicity of CDs with the surfaces enriched with hydroxylated hydrocarbon chains and methylene groups (CD_GE), carboxyl and phenol groups accompanied with nitrogen (CD_3011), trifluoromethyl (CDF19) or toluidine and aniline groups (CDN19) were aimed to be discovered. CDs' in vitro toxicity was assessed on A549 cells (real-time cell analysis of impedance, fluorescence microscopy) after 24 h of incubation, and we observed no changes in cell viability and morphology. CDs' in vivo toxicity was assessed on C57Bl6 mice after multiple dosages (5 mg/kg subcutaneously) for 14 days. Lethality (up to 50%) was observed in CDN19 and CD_3011 groups on different days of dosing, accompanied by toxicity signs in case of CD_3011. There were no changes in serum biochemical parameters except Urea (increased in CDF19 and CD_3011 groups), nor substantial kidney, liver, and spleen injuries. The most impactful for all organs were also CD_3011 and CDF19, causing renal tubule injury and liver blood supply violation. Thus, CDs with a surface enriched with oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups might be toxic after multiple everyday dosing, without, however, significant damages of internal organs in survived animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Kuznietsova
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine.
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine.
| | - Alain Géloën
- Laboratoire Ecologie Microbienne (LEM), UMR CNRS 5557, INRAE 1418, VetAgroSup, Université Lyon 1, Domaine Scientifique de La Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nataliia Dziubenko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Zaderko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Science, University of Presov, 17Th November Str. 1, 08001, Presov, Slovak Republic
| | - Sergei Alekseev
- Faculty of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Lva Tolstoho Street, 12, Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Claude Bernard University of Lyon/CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Valeriy Skryshevsky
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
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Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Food Industry By-Products for Cell Imaging. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020090. [PMID: 36826889 PMCID: PMC9963507 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, following a circular economy approach, we present the synthesis of luminescent carbon dots via the thermal treatment of chestnut and peanut shells, which are abundant carbon-rich food industry by-products. As-synthesized carbon dots have excellent water dispersibility thanks to their negative surface groups, good luminescence, and photo-stability. The excitation-emission behaviour as well as the surface functionalization of these carbon dots can be tuned by changing the carbon source (chestnuts or peanuts) and the dispersing medium (water or ammonium hydroxide solution). Preliminary in vitro biological data proved that the samples are not cytotoxic to fibroblasts and can act as luminescent probes for cellular imaging. In addition, these carbon dots have a pH-dependent luminescence and may, therefore, serve as cellular pH sensors. This work paves the way towards the development of more sustainable carbon dot production for biomedical applications.
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Mussabek G, Zhylkybayeva N, Lysenko I, Lishchuk PO, Baktygerey S, Yermukhamed D, Taurbayev Y, Sadykov G, Zaderko AN, Skryshevsky VA, Lisnyak VV, Lysenko V. Photo- and Radiofrequency-Induced Heating of Photoluminescent Colloidal Carbon Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2426. [PMID: 35889649 PMCID: PMC9324485 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen- and oxygen-containing carbon nanoparticles (O, N-CDs) were prepared by a facile one-step solvothermal method using urea and citric acid precursors. This method is cost-effective and easily scalable, and the resulting O, N-CDs can be used without additional functionalization and sample pretreatment. The structure of O, N-CDs was characterized by TEM, AFM, Raman, UV-vis, and FTIR spectroscopies. The obtained O, N-CDs with a mean diameter of 4.4 nm can be easily dispersed in aqueous solutions. The colloidal aqueous solutions of O, N-CDs show significant photothermal responses under red-IR and radiofrequency (RF) irradiations. The as-prepared O, N-CDs have a bright temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL). PL/PLE spectral maps were shown to be used for temperature evaluation purposes in the range of 30-50 °C. In such a way, the O, N-CDs could be used for biomedicine-related applications such as hyperthermia with simultaneous temperature estimation with PL imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauhar Mussabek
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazym Zhylkybayeva
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Ivan Lysenko
- Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Street, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (I.L.); (P.O.L.)
| | - Pavlo O. Lishchuk
- Faculty of Physics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Street, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (I.L.); (P.O.L.)
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.N.Z.); (V.A.S.)
| | - Saule Baktygerey
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Dana Yermukhamed
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerzhan Taurbayev
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave., Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Gani Sadykov
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
| | - Alexander N. Zaderko
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.N.Z.); (V.A.S.)
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valeriy A. Skryshevsky
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.N.Z.); (V.A.S.)
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav V. Lisnyak
- Institute of Information and Computational Technologies, 125 Pushkin Str., Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (N.Z.); (S.B.); (D.Y.); (Y.T.); (G.S.); (V.V.L.)
- Chemical Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Light Matter Institute UMR-5306, Claude Bernard University of Lyon/CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France;
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Luminescent carbon nanoparticles immobilized in polymer hydrogels for pH sensing. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Vasin A, Kysil D, Rusavsky A, Isaieva O, Zaderko A, Nazarov A, Lysenko V. Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Carbon Nanodots Dispersed in Nanostructured Silicas. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3267. [PMID: 34947616 PMCID: PMC8706695 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent carbon nanoparticles are a relatively new class of luminescent materials that have attracted the increasing interest of chemists, physicists, biologists and engineers. The present review has a particular focus on the synthesis and luminescent properties of carbon nanoparticles dispersed inside nanostructured silica of different natures: oxidized porous silicon, amorphous thin films, nanopowders, and nanoporous sol-gel-derived ceramics. The correlations of processing conditions with emission/excitation spectral properties, relaxation kinetics, and photoluminescence photodegradation behaviors are analyzed. Following the evolution of the photoluminescence (PL) through the "from-bottom-to-up" synthesis procedure, the transformation of molecular-like ultraviolet emission of organic precursor into visible emission of carbon nanoparticles is demonstrated. At the end of the review, a novel method for the synthesis of luminescent and transparent composites, in form of nanoporous silica filled with luminescent carbon nanodots, is presented. A prototype of white light emitting devices, constructed on the basis of such luminophores and violet light emitting diodes, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Vasin
- Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine; (D.K.); (A.R.); (O.I.); (A.N.); (V.L.)
- Department of Applied Physics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Kysil
- Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine; (D.K.); (A.R.); (O.I.); (A.N.); (V.L.)
| | - Andriy Rusavsky
- Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine; (D.K.); (A.R.); (O.I.); (A.N.); (V.L.)
| | - Oksana Isaieva
- Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine; (D.K.); (A.R.); (O.I.); (A.N.); (V.L.)
| | - Alexander Zaderko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Alexei Nazarov
- Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine; (D.K.); (A.R.); (O.I.); (A.N.); (V.L.)
- Department of General Physics and Solid State Physics, National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 03056 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Lysenko
- Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine; (D.K.); (A.R.); (O.I.); (A.N.); (V.L.)
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Ivanov II, Zaderko AN, Lysenko V, Clopeau T, Lisnyak VV, Skryshevsky VA. Photoluminescent Recognition of Strong Alcoholic Beverages with Carbon Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18802-18810. [PMID: 34337220 PMCID: PMC8319926 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple sensitive method for nonspecific recognition of armagnac, cognac, whiskey, and ethanol/water mixture was developed by using photoluminescence (PL) of carbon nanoparticles (NPs). The carbon NPs were synthesized from the mixture of urea and anhydrous citric acid, followed by few annealing processes to achieve the full effect by solvothermal carbonization. PL features of carbon NPs depend on the alcohol environments in which the NPs are dispersed. PL/PL excitation maps of the alcoholic beverages were mathematically treated, and a final principal component analysis diagram allows visualization of different clusters corresponding to each beverage. The optimal measurement conditions (concentration of NPs in colloidal solution and excitation wavelength) were defined to ensure a reliable recognition level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan I. Ivanov
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation
Science Park Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
| | - Alexander N. Zaderko
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation
Science Park Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Light-Matter
Institute (ILM), UMR-5306, University of
Lyon (UCBL), Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Thierry Clopeau
- Institut
Camille Jordan, UMR-5208, University of
Lyon (UCBL), Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Vladyslav V. Lisnyak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Prešov
University in Prešov, Prešov 08001, Slovakia
| | - Valeriy A. Skryshevsky
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation
Science Park Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
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