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Kuznietsova H, Géloën A, Dziubenko N, Zaderko A, Alekseev S, Lysenko V, Skryshevsky V. In vitro and in vivo toxicity of carbon dots with different chemical compositions. Discov Nano 2023; 18:111. [PMID: 37682347 PMCID: PMC10491573 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are easy-obtained nanoparticles with wide range of biological activity; however, their toxicity after prolonged exposure is poorly investigated. So, in vitro and in vivo toxicity of CDs with the surfaces enriched with hydroxylated hydrocarbon chains and methylene groups (CD_GE), carboxyl and phenol groups accompanied with nitrogen (CD_3011), trifluoromethyl (CDF19) or toluidine and aniline groups (CDN19) were aimed to be discovered. CDs' in vitro toxicity was assessed on A549 cells (real-time cell analysis of impedance, fluorescence microscopy) after 24 h of incubation, and we observed no changes in cell viability and morphology. CDs' in vivo toxicity was assessed on C57Bl6 mice after multiple dosages (5 mg/kg subcutaneously) for 14 days. Lethality (up to 50%) was observed in CDN19 and CD_3011 groups on different days of dosing, accompanied by toxicity signs in case of CD_3011. There were no changes in serum biochemical parameters except Urea (increased in CDF19 and CD_3011 groups), nor substantial kidney, liver, and spleen injuries. The most impactful for all organs were also CD_3011 and CDF19, causing renal tubule injury and liver blood supply violation. Thus, CDs with a surface enriched with oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups might be toxic after multiple everyday dosing, without, however, significant damages of internal organs in survived animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halyna Kuznietsova
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine.
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine.
| | - Alain Géloën
- Laboratoire Ecologie Microbienne (LEM), UMR CNRS 5557, INRAE 1418, VetAgroSup, Université Lyon 1, Domaine Scientifique de La Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nataliia Dziubenko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Zaderko
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Science, University of Presov, 17Th November Str. 1, 08001, Presov, Slovak Republic
| | - Sergei Alekseev
- Faculty of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Lva Tolstoho Street, 12, Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
| | - Vladimir Lysenko
- Light Matter Institute, UMR-5306, Claude Bernard University of Lyon/CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Valeriy Skryshevsky
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street, 64, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
- Corporation Science Park, Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, 01033, Ukraine
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