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Mandal RR, Bashir Z, Mandal JR, Raj D. Potential strategies for phytoremediation of heavy metals from wastewater with circular bioeconomy approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:502. [PMID: 38700594 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12680-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Water pollution is an inextricable problem that stems from natural and human-related factors. Unfortunately, with rapid industrialization, the problem has escalated to alarming levels. The pollutants that contribute to water pollution include heavy metals (HMs), chemicals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other industrial byproducts. Numerous methods are used for treating HMs in wastewater, like ion exchange, membrane filtration, chemical precipitation, adsorption, and electrochemical treatment. But the remediation through the plant, i.e., phytoremediation is the most sustainable approach to remove the contaminants from wastewater. Aquatic plants illustrate the capacity to absorb excess pollutants including organic and inorganic compounds, HMs, and pharmaceutical residues present in agricultural, residential, and industrial discharges. The extensive exploitation of these hyperaccumulator plants can be attributed to their abundance, invasive mechanisms, potential for bioaccumulation, and biomass production. Post-phytoremediation, plant biomass can be toxic to both water bodies and soil. Therefore, the circular bioeconomy approach can be applied to reuse and repurpose the toxic plant biomass into different circular bioeconomy byproducts such as biochar, biogas, bioethanol, and biodiesel is essential. In this regard, the current review highlights the potential strategies for the phytoremediation of HMs in wastewater and various strategies to efficiently reuse metal-enriched biomass material and produce commercially valuable products. The implementation of circular bioeconomy practices can help overcome significant obstacles and build a new platform for an eco-friendlier lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Ranjan Mandal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, 522503, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Zahid Bashir
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, 522503, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jyoti Ranjan Mandal
- Electro-Membrane Processes Laboratory, Membrane Science and Separation Technology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Deep Raj
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, 522503, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Iyyappan J, Baskar G, Deepanraj B, Anand AV, Saravanan R, Awasthi MK. Promising strategies of circular bioeconomy using heavy metal phytoremediated plants - A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137097. [PMID: 36334740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an excellent method for removing harmful heavy metals from the environment since it is eco-friendly, uses little energy, and is inexpensive. However, as phytoremediated plants can turn into secondary sources for heavy metals, complete heavy metal removal from phytoremediated plants is necessary. Elimination of toxic heavy metals from phytoremediated plants should be considered with foremost care. This review highlights about important sources of heavy metal contamination, health effects caused by heavy metal contamination and technological breakthroughs of phytoremediation. This review critically emphasis about promising strategies to be engaged for absolute reutilization of heavy metals and spectacular approaches of production of commercially imperative products from phytoremediated plants through circular bioeconomy with key barriers. Thus, phytoremediation combined with circular bioeconomy can create a new platform for the eco-friendly life.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iyyappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - B Deepanraj
- College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - A Vivek Anand
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - R Saravanan
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecanica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapaca, Avda. General Velasquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Boamah PO, Afoakwah NA, Onumah J, Osei ED, Mahunu GK. Physicochemical Properties, Biological Properties and Applications of Gum Tragacanth-A Review. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Wang Y, Van Le Q, Yang H, Lam SS, Yang Y, Gu H, Sonne C, Peng W. Progress in microbial biomass conversion into green energy. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130835. [PMID: 33992848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The increase in global population size over the past 100 decades has doubled the requirements for energy resources. To mitigate the limited fossil fuel available, new clean energy sources being environmental sustainable for replacement of traditional energy sources are explored to supplement the current scarcity. Biomass containing lignin and cellulose is the main raw material to replace fossil energy given its abundance and lower emission of greenhouse gases and NOx when transformed into energy. Bacteria, fungi and algae decompose lignocellulose leading to generation of hydrogen, methane, bioethanol and biodiesel being the clean energy used for heating, power generation and the automobile industry. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) uses microorganisms to decompose biomass in wastewater to generate electricity and remove heavy metals in wastewater. Biomass contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other biomacromolecules which need hydrolyzation for conversion into small molecules by corresponding enzymes in order to be utilized by microorganisms. This paper discusses microbial decomposition of biomass into clean energy and the five major ways of clean energy production, and its economic benefits for future renewable energy security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacheng Wang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Han Yang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haiping Gu
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Christian Sonne
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China; Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province International Collaboration Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Coupling Plant Biomass Derived from Phytoremediation of Potential Toxic-Metal-Polluted Soils to Bioenergy Production and High-Value by-Products—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11072982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an attractive strategy for cleaning soils polluted with a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic toxic compounds. Among these pollutants, heavy metals have attracted global attention due to their negative effects on human health and terrestrial ecosystems. As a result of this, numerous studies have been carried out to elucidate the mechanisms involved in removal processes. These studies have employed many plant species that might be used for phytoremediation and the obtention of end bioproducts such as biofuels and biogas useful in combustion and heating. Phytotechnologies represent an attractive segment that is increasingly gaining attention worldwide due to their versatility, economic profitability, and environmental co-benefits such as erosion control and soil quality and functionality improvement. In this review, the process of valorizing biomass from phytoremediation is described; in addition, relevant experiments where polluted biomass is used as feedstock or bioenergy is produced via thermo- and biochemical conversion are analyzed. Besides, pretreatments of biomass to increase yields and treatments to control the transfer of metals to the environment are also mentioned. Finally, aspects related to the feasibility, benefits, risks, and gaps of converting toxic-metal-polluted biomass are discussed.
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Gum Tragacanth (GT): A Versatile Biocompatible Material beyond Borders. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061510. [PMID: 33802011 PMCID: PMC8000171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of naturally occurring materials in biomedicine has been increasingly attracting the researchers’ interest and, in this regard, gum tragacanth (GT) is recently showing great promise as a therapeutic substance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. As a polysaccharide, GT can be easily extracted from the stems and branches of various species of Astragalus. This anionic polymer is known to be a biodegradable, non-allergenic, non-toxic, and non-carcinogenic material. The stability against microbial, heat and acid degradation has made GT an attractive material not only in industrial settings (e.g., food packaging) but also in biomedical approaches (e.g., drug delivery). Over time, GT has been shown to be a useful reagent in the formation and stabilization of metal nanoparticles in the context of green chemistry. With the advent of tissue engineering, GT has also been utilized for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds applied for both hard and soft tissue healing strategies. However, more research is needed for defining GT applicability in the future of biomedical engineering. On this object, the present review aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview of GT in biomedicine and tries to open new horizons in the field based on its inherent characteristics.
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Yao S, Xiong L, Chen X, Li H, Chen X. Comparative study of lipid production from cellulosic ethanol fermentation wastewaters by four oleaginous yeasts. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:669-677. [PMID: 33302781 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1852416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical treatment of cellulosic ethanol wastewater (CEW) is considered to be an ideal green process. To screen out the best oleaginous yeastfor the utilization of cellulosic ethanol wastewater, four oleaginous yeasts (Trichosporon cutaneum, Rhorosporidium toruloides, Cryptococcus albidus and T. coremiiforme) were compared to assess their abilities for lipid production in terms of biomass production, lipid content and lipid yield. Furthermore, thechemical oxygen demand (COD) conversion rate, COD degradation and fatty acid composition were calculated to analyze the effect of wastewaters treatment. According to the fermentation results, the highest biomass and lipid yield of T. cutaneum in CEW were 20.945 and 1.56 g/L, respectively, while the R. toruloides reached the highest lipid content (17.32%). The maximum conversion rates of T. cutaneum are 73.64 and 6.06%, respectively, in terms of conversion yield of biomass/COD and lipids/COD. The content of fatty acids showed that after six days' fermentation, T. coremiiforme obtained the highest unsaturated fatty acid content, the content of C18:1 and C18:2 was 57.64%. This study suggests that T. cutaneum has great potential for lipid production and wastewaters treatment from cellulosic ethanol fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimiao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Li
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinde Chen
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Attapulgite Applied Technology, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuyi, People's Republic of China
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Ramaiah SK, Thimappa GS, Nataraj LK, Dasgupta P. Optimization of oxalic acid pre-treatment and enzymatic saccharification in Typha latifolia for production of reducing sugar. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:28. [PMID: 32648065 PMCID: PMC7347720 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Plants with high biomass can be manipulated for their reducing sugar content which ultimately upon fermentation produces ethanol. This concept was used to enhance the production of reducing sugar from cattail (Typha latifolia) by oxalic acid (OAA) pre-treatment followed by enzymatic saccharification. Result The optimum condition of total reducing sugar released from OAA pre-treatment was found to be 22.32 mg/ml (OAA—1.2%; substrate concentration (SC)—6%; reaction time (RT)—20 min) using one variable at a time (OVAT). Enzymatic saccharification yielded 45.21 mg/ml of reducing sugar (substrate concentration (SC)—2.4%; enzymatic dosage—50 IU/g; pH 7.0; temp—50 °C) using response surface methodology (RSM). Conclusion We conclude that Typha can be used as a potential substrate for large-scale biofuel production, employing economical bioprocessing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kodishetty Ramaiah
- Bioenergy Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | | | | | - Proteek Dasgupta
- Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
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Chang CC, Li R. Agricultural waste. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1150-1167. [PMID: 31433884 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The management of agricultural waste has become very important because the inappropriate disposal yields negative effects on the environment. The resource recovery from agricultural waste which converts waste into available resources can reduce the waste and new resource consumption. This review summarizes the 2018 researches of over three hundred scholar papers from several aspects: agricultural waste, and, waste chemical characterization, agricultural waste material, adsorption, waste energy, composting, waste biogas, agricultural waste management, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chein-Chi Chang
- College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Engineering and Technical Services, DC Water and Sewer Authority, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rundong Li
- College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, China
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Tsegaye B, Balomajumder C, Roy P. Biodelignification and hydrolysis of rice straw by novel bacteria isolated from wood feeding termite. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:447. [PMID: 30333949 PMCID: PMC6181904 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, two bacterial strains capable of degrading lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose were isolated from wood feeding termite. The isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A bacterium Ochrobactrum oryzae BMP03 capable of degrading lignin was isolated on alkali lignin medium and Bacillus sp. BMP01 strain capable of degrading cellulose and hemicellulose were isolated on carboxymethyl cellulose and xylan media. The efficiency of bacterial degradation was studied by evaluating the composition of rice straw both before and after degradation. The appearance of new cellulose bands at 1382, 1276, 1200, and 871 cm-1, and the absence of former lignin bands at 1726, 1307, and 1246 cm-1 was observed after biodelignification. This was further confirmed by the formation of channeling and layering of the microstructure of biodelignified rice straw observed under electron microscope. Maximum lignin removal was achieved in separate biodelignification and hydrolysis process after the 14th day of treatment by Ochrobactrum oryzae BMP03 (53.74% lignin removal). Hydrolysis of the biodelignified rice straw released 69.96% of total reducing sugars after the 14th day hydrolysis by Bacillus sp. BMP01. In simultaneous delignification and hydrolysis process, about 58.67% of total reducing sugars were obtained after the 13th day of biotreatment. Separate delignification and hydrolysis process were found to be effective in lignin removal and sugar released than the simultaneous process. The bacteria, Bacillus sp. BMP01, has the ability to degrade hemicellulose and cellulose simultaneously. Overall, these results demonstrate that the possibility of rice straw bioconversion into reducing sugars by bacteria from termite gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahiru Tsegaye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667 India
| | - Chandrajit Balomajumder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667 India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667 India
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