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Panahi R, Ravi M, Abdollahi K. The concentrated polyaluminum chloride with tailor-made distribution of Al species: synthesis, distribution and transformation of Al species, and coagulation performance. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3215-3228. [PMID: 35298360 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2055497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Production of concentrated polyaluminum chloride (PACl) with the proper distribution of Al species (Ala, Alb, and Alc) is still a challenging issue on both industrial and laboratory scale. Hence, the effects of total aluminum concentration (AlT) at high levels, regular basicity values, and low base injection rates on the distribution of Al species in PACl solutions were investigated using quadratic models. The results confirmed the possibility to synthesize tailor-made PACl solutions with a specified value of either Ala, Alb, or Alc within the range of 22-51%, 4-51%, or 0.5-74%, respectively. For instance, in agreement with the predicted value, a PACl sample rich in both Alb (42,200 ppm) and AlT was produced by applying the basicity of 1.7, AlT of 9.07% as Al2O3, and basification rate of 0.48 ml/h. In addition, the maximum Alc could be acquired by exploiting the highest C, B, and Q values. This condition also minimized both Ala and Alb. The trends of Ala and Alc changes by the increment of basicity were concave and convex, respectively, while Alb showed either a decreasing trend or a concave pattern based on the values of injection rate and AlT. The Alb-rich PACl sample was effectively applied for turbidity removal from synthetic wastewater at various pHs and initial turbidities. At best, residual turbidity of about 1% was observed after the coagulation process. These findings can be constructive for the production and application of tailor-made PACl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Panahi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ravi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Abdollahi
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, Australia
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2
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Feng CY, Wang KH, Li S, Liu DS, Yang Z. Use of tyrosinase-inorganic salt hybrid nanoflowers and tyrosinase-MOF hybrid composites for elimination of phenolic pollutants from industrial wastewaters. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137933. [PMID: 36690255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Removal of phenolic pollutants from industrial wastewaters is always an important practical problem. Use of enzymes for dephenolization provides a green solution. In this work, enzymatic methods were developed by employing mushroom tyrosinase immobilized as enzyme-Cu3(PO4)2 hybrid nanoflowers and enzyme-metal organic framework (i.e., ZIF-8 and HKUST-1) hybrid composites, which were shown to be superior to processes mediated by tyrosinase immobilized on other supports in both dephenolization efficiency and reusability. Comparatively, tyrosinase@Cu3(PO4)2 and tyrosinase@HKUST-1 were better than tyrosinase@ZIF-8 in both specific activity and dephenolization efficiency. Typical phenolic pollutants, including 3 monophenols (phenol, p-cresol, p-chlorophenol) and 3 bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPF), can be completely eliminated within 0.5-4 h. The dephenolization order was discussed based on the enzyme's substrate specificity. The operability and reusability of these hybrid biocomposites were highly improved by entrapping into alginate gels or by incorporating with modified magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Particularly, the magnetic biocatalyst was prepared via a facile one-pot/one-step de novo synthetic strategy, optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM). The as-prepared magnetic tyrosinase@mHKUST-1 retained a high dephenolization efficiency of 81% after 10 cycles and was effective for continuous dephenolization for at least 24 h. These hybrid biocomposites were also successfully applied to treatment of real industrial wastewater from a coke plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yun Feng
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kang-Hong Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Dong-Shen Liu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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Maghraby Y, El-Shabasy RM, Ibrahim AH, Azzazy HMES. Enzyme Immobilization Technologies and Industrial Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5184-5196. [PMID: 36816672 PMCID: PMC9933091 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes play vital roles in diverse industrial sectors and are essential components of many industrial products. Immobilized enzymes possess higher resistance to environmental changes and can be recovered/recycled easily when compared to the free forms. The primary benefit of immobilization is protecting the enzymes from the harsh environmental conditions (e.g., elevated temperatures, extreme pH values, etc.). The immobilized enzymes can be utilized in various large-scale industries, e.g., medical, food, detergent, textile, and pharmaceutical industries, besides being used in water treatment plants. According to the required application, a suitable enzyme immobilization technique and suitable carrier materials are chosen. Enzyme immobilization techniques involve covalent binding, encapsulation, entrapment, adsorption, etc. This review mainly covers enzyme immobilization by various techniques and their usage in different industrial applications starting from 1992 until 2022. It also focuses on the multiscale operation of immobilized enzymes to maximize yields of certain products. Lastly, the severe consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic on global enzyme production is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin
R. Maghraby
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Rehan M. El-Shabasy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia
University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Ibrahim
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Center
for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science
and Technology, 6th of October 12578, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Department
of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute for
Photonic Technology, Albert Einstein Str. 9, Jena 07745, Germany
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4
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Mohammadi SA, Najafi H, Zolgharnian S, Sharifian S, Asasian-Kolur N. Biological oxidation methods for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from wastewater: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:157026. [PMID: 35772531 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-based bioremediation is a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method for isolating and removing a wide range of environmental pollutants. This study is a comprehensive review of recent studies on the oxidation of pollutants by biological oxidation methods, performed individually or in combination with other methods. The main bio-oxidants capable of removing all types of pollutants, such as organic and inorganic molecules, from fungi, bacteria, algae, and plants, and different types of enzymes, as well as the removal mechanisms, were investigated. The use of mediators and modification methods to improve the performance of microorganisms and their resistance under harsh real wastewater conditions was discussed, and numerous case studies were presented and compared. The advantages and disadvantages of conventional and novel immobilization methods, and the development of enzyme engineering to adjust the content and properties of the desired enzymes, were also explained. The optimal operating parameters such as temperature and pH, which usually lead to the best performance, were presented. A detailed overview of the different combination processes was also given, including bio-oxidation in coincident or consecutive combination with adsorption, advanced oxidation processes, and membrane separation. One of the most important issues that this study has addressed is the removal of both organic and inorganic contaminants, taking into account the actual wastewaters and the economic aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amin Mohammadi
- Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Fouman 43581-39115, Iran
| | - Hanieh Najafi
- Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Fouman 43581-39115, Iran
| | - Sheida Zolgharnian
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, 94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Seyedmehdi Sharifian
- Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Fouman 43581-39115, Iran
| | - Neda Asasian-Kolur
- Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Fouman 43581-39115, Iran.
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Anboo S, Lau SY, Kansedo J, Yap P, Hadibarata T, Jeevanandam J, Kamaruddin AH. Recent Advancements in Enzyme‐Incorporated Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Mechanistic Formation and Applications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2609-2638. [PMID: 35851660 PMCID: PMC9543334 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, nanotechnology has been developed and employed across various entities. Among the numerous nanostructured material types, enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials have shown great potential in various fields, as an alternative to biologically derived as well as synthetically developed hybrid structures. The mechanism of incorporating enzyme onto a nanostructure depends on several factors including the method of immobilization, type of nanomaterial, as well as operational and environmental conditions. The prospects of enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials have shown promising results across various applications, such as biocatalysts, biosensors, drug therapy, and wastewater treatment. This is due to their excellent ability to exhibit chemical and physical properties such as high surface‐to‐volume ratio, recovery and/or reusability rates, sensitivity, response scale, and stable catalytic activity across wide operating conditions. In this review, the evolution of enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials along with their impact on our society due to its state‐of‐the‐art properties, and its significance across different industrial applications are discussed. In addition, the weakness and future prospects of enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials were also discussed to guide scientists for futuristic research and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamini Anboo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Sie Yon Lau
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Jibrail Kansedo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Pow‐Seng Yap
- Department of Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong‐Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Tony Hadibarata
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM‐Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada9020‐105FunchalPortugal
| | - Azlina Harun Kamaruddin
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalSeberang Perai SelatanPenangMalaysia
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6
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Designing robust nano-biocatalysts using nanomaterials as multifunctional carriers - expanding the application scope of bio-enzymes. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Removal of Selected Azo Dyes and Phenolic Compounds via Tyrosinase Immobilized Magnetic Iron Oxide Silver Nanoparticles. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-04087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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8
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Peñaranda PA, Noguera MJ, Florez SL, Husserl J, Ornelas-Soto N, Cruz JC, Osma JF. Treatment of Wastewater, Phenols and Dyes Using Novel Magnetic Torus Microreactors and Laccase Immobilized on Magnetite Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101688. [PMID: 35630910 PMCID: PMC9144257 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the design, manufacture, and testing of three different magnetic microreactors based on torus geometries (i.e., one-loop, two-horizontal-loop, and two-vertical-loop) is explored to increase the enzyme-based transformation of dyes by laccase bio-nanocomposites, improve the particle suspension, and promote the interaction of reagents. The laccase enzyme was covalently immobilized on amino-terminated silanized magnetite nanoparticles (laccase-magnetite). The optimal configuration for the torus microreactor and the applied magnetic field was evaluated in silico with the aid of the CFD and particle tracing modules of Comsol Multiphysics®. Eriochrome Black T (EBt) dye was tested as a biotransformation model at three different concentrations, i.e., 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, and 20 mg/L. Phenol oxidation/removal was evaluated on artificial wastewater and real wastewater. The optimal catalytic performance of the bionanocomposite was achieved in the range of pH 4 to 4.5. A parabolic movement on the particles along the microchannels was induced by the magnetic field, which led to breaking the stability of the laminar flow and improving the mixing processes. Based on the simulation and experiments conducted with the three geometries, the two-vertical-loop microreactor demonstrated a better performance mainly due to larger dead zones and a longer residence time. Additionally, the overall dye removal efficiencies for this microreactor and the laccase-magnetite bionanocomposite were 98.05%, 93.87%, and 92.74% for the three evaluated concentrations. The maximum phenol oxidation with the laccase-magnetite treatment at low concentration for the artificial wastewater was 79.89%, while its phenol removal efficiency for a large volume of real wastewater was 17.86%. Treatments with real wastewater were carried out with a larger volume, equivalent to 200 biotransformation (oxidation) operating cycles of those carried out with dyes or phenol. Taken together, our results indicate that the novel microreactors introduced here have the potential to process wastewaters rich in contaminant dyes in continuous mode with efficiencies that are attractive for a potential large-scale operation. In this regard, future work will focus on finding the requirements for scaling-up the processes and evaluating the involved environmental impact indexes, economic performance, and different device geometries and processing schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrea Peñaranda
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia; (P.A.P.); (M.J.N.); (S.L.F.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia;
| | - Mabel Juliana Noguera
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia; (P.A.P.); (M.J.N.); (S.L.F.)
| | - Sergio Leonardo Florez
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia; (P.A.P.); (M.J.N.); (S.L.F.)
| | - Johana Husserl
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia;
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología Ambiental, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia;
| | - Johann F. Osma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1E No. 19a-40, Bogota 111711, Colombia; (P.A.P.); (M.J.N.); (S.L.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-1-339-4949
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9
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Agunbiade M, Le Roes-Hill M. Application of bacterial tyrosinases in organic synthesis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 38:2. [PMID: 34817696 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial tyrosinases, as in the case of other bacterial oxidative enzymes, have been found to possess biochemical characteristics that typically make them more suited to applications requiring special operational conditions such as alkaline pH, high or low temperature, the presence of organic solvents, and the presence of inhibitors. Even though a great deal is known about fungal tyrosinases, bacterial tyrosinases still vastly remain underexplored for their potential application in organic synthesis. A literature survey in particular highlights the gaps in our knowledge pertaining to their biochemical properties. Bacterial tyrosinases have not only shown promise in the synthesis of medically important compounds such as L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and melanin but have also seen application in cross-linking reactions of proteins and the polymerization of environmental pollutants. Their ability to catalyse o-hydroxylation reactions have shown some degree of promise in the biocatalytic conversion of resveratrol to piceatannol, tyrosol to hydroxytyrosol, and many more. In this review, we will explore the world of bacterial tyrosinases, their current applications, and future perspectives for the application of these enzymes in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayowa Agunbiade
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, 7535, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Marilize Le Roes-Hill
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 1906, 7535, Bellville, South Africa.
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10
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Jahedi E, Panahi R. Conversion of lignocellulosic waste into effective flocculants: synthesis, characterization, and performance. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:69. [PMID: 38656091 PMCID: PMC11341801 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00422-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of cationic flocculants from lignocellulosic wastes not only eliminates the health and environmental concerns associated with the use of conventional chemicals, but also is the way of waste valorization. In the present study, cellulose fibers extracted from rice husk were cationized through an optimization method based on response surface methodology. The fibers cationized at the optimal conditions had a zeta-potential of 15.2 ± 1.0 mV, while the highest potential was + 8.76 mV, for the samples developed before optimization. FTIR analysis proved the presence of the corresponding functional groups. The functionalized fibers were biodegradable and had absolutely positive surface charges at a broad pH range. The cationized fibers were employed as a flocculant to remove turbidity from the synthetic wastewaters at various pHs and initial turbidities. The cationic fibers showed the excellent turbidity removals up to 98.5% from the synthetic wastewater without the need for conventional coagulants. In contrast to traditionally cationized fibers, the synthesized flocculants did not affect the effluent color during coagulation-flocculation. The charge neutralization and bridging through adsorption were the governing mechanisms of flocculation. The procedure can be applied on lignocellulosic wastes to develop cationic fibers with the excellent flocculation ability and suitable operational characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Jahedi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Panahi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Applications of Biocatalysts for Sustainable Oxidation of Phenolic Pollutants: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13158620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenol and its derivatives are hazardous, teratogenic and mutagenic, and have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high toxicity even at low concentrations. Phenolic compounds appear in petroleum refinery wastewater from several sources, such as the neutralized spent caustic waste streams, the tank water drain, the desalter effluent and the production unit. Therefore, effective treatments of such wastewaters are crucial. Conventional techniques used to treat these wastewaters pose several drawbacks, such as incomplete or low efficient removal of phenols. Recently, biocatalysts have attracted much attention for the sustainable and effective removal of toxic chemicals like phenols from wastewaters. The advantages of biocatalytic processes over the conventional treatment methods are their ability to operate over a wide range of operating conditions, low consumption of oxidants, simpler process control, and no delays or shock loading effects associated with the start-up/shutdown of the plant. Among different biocatalysts, oxidoreductases (i.e., tyrosinase, laccase and horseradish peroxidase) are known as green catalysts with massive potentialities to sustainably tackle phenolic contaminants of high concerns. Such enzymes mainly catalyze the o-hydroxylation of a broad spectrum of environmentally related contaminants into their corresponding o-diphenols. This review covers the latest advancement regarding the exploitation of these enzymes for sustainable oxidation of phenolic compounds in wastewater, and suggests a way forward.
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Tailor-made novel electrospun polystyrene/poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) for oxidoreductases immobilization: Improvement of catalytic properties under extreme reaction conditions. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105036. [PMID: 34120021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Immobilized enzymes find applications in many areas such as pharmacy, medicine, food production and environmental protection. However, protecting these biocatalysts against harsh reaction conditions and retaining their enzymatic activity even after several biocatalytic cycles are major challenges. Properly selected supports and type of surface modifier therefore seem to be crucial for achieving high retention of catalytic activity of immobilized biomolecules. Here we propose production of novel composite electrospun fibers from polystyrene/poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PS/PDLG) and its application as a support for immobilization of oxidoreductases such as alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and laccase (LAC). Two strategies of covalent binding, (i) (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) with glutaraldehyde (GA) and (ii) polydopamine (PDA), were applied to attach oxidoreductases to PS/PDLG. The average fiber diameter was shown to increase from 1.252 µm to even 3.367 µm after enzyme immobilization. Effective production of PS/PDLG fibers and biomolecule attachment were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The highest substrate conversion efficiency was observed at pH 6.5 and 5 for ADH and LAC, respectively, and at 25 °C for enzymes attached using the APTES + GA approach. Improvement of enzyme stabilization at high temperatures was confirmed in that relative activities of enzymes immobilized onto PS/PDLG fibers were over 20% higher than those of the free biomolecules, and enzyme leaching from the support using acetate and MES buffers was below 10 mg/g.
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Yadav D, Ranjan B, Mchunu N, Le Roes-Hill M, Kudanga T. Enzymatic treatment of phenolic pollutants by a small laccase immobilized on APTES-functionalised magnetic nanoparticles. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:302. [PMID: 34194895 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have successfully synthesized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), functionalised them by silanization and used them for the covalent immobilization of a recombinant small laccase (rSLAC) from Streptomyces coelicolor. The immobilized recombinant laccase (MNP-rSLAC) was subsequently used for the treatment of phenol, 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and 4-fluorophenol (4-FP). The enzyme completely degraded 80 µg/mL of the selected phenolic compounds within 2 h in the presence of a natural mediator, acetosyringone. The MNP-rSLAC retained > 73% of initial activity (2,6-dimethoxyphenol as substrate) after 10 catalytic cycles and could be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by the application of magnetic field. Furthermore, immobilised rSLAC exhibited better storage stability than its free counterpart. The Michaelis constant (Km) value for the immobilised rSLAC was higher than free rSLAC, however the maximum velocity (Vmax) of the immobilised SLAC was similar to that of the free rSLAC. Growth inhibition studies using Escherichia coli showed that rSLAC-mediated treatment of phenolic compounds reduced the toxicity of phenol, 4-CP and 4-FP by 90, 60 and 55%, respectively. Interestingly, the presence of selected metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Mn2+) greatly enhanced the catalytic activity of rSLAC and MNP-rSLAC. This study indicates that immobilized small laccase (MNP-rSLAC) has potential for treating wastewater contaminated with phenolic compounds. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02854-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. BOX 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
| | - Bibhuti Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. BOX 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nokuthula Mchunu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. BOX 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
- Agricultural Research Council, Biotechnology Platform, Private Bag X5, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa
| | - Marilize Le Roes-Hill
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville Campus, Symphony Way, PO Box 1906, Bellville, 7535 South Africa
| | - Tukayi Kudanga
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. BOX 1334, Durban, 4000 South Africa
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14
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Lin YW. Biodegradation of aromatic pollutants by metalloenzymes: A structural-functional-environmental perspective. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Jankowska K, Zdarta J, Grzywaczyk A, Degórska O, Kijeńska-Gawrońska E, Pinelo M, Jesionowski T. Horseradish peroxidase immobilised onto electrospun fibres and its application in decolourisation of dyes from model sea water. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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El-Shora HM, El-Sharkawy RM. Tyrosinase from Penicillium chrysogenum: Characterization and application in phenol removal from aqueous solution. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2021; 66:323-329. [PMID: 33041267 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosinase of Penicillium chrysogenum strain AUMC 14100 Accession No. MN219732 was purified to homogeneity and chemically modified by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride (dansyl chloride, DC). The inactivation of the purified enzyme obeyed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics in the presence of NEM and DC (1-5 mM). The rate constants of the enzyme inactivation by NEM and DC were calculated to be 0.083 mol/min and 0.0013 mol/min, respectively. The recovery of enzyme activity by the protective effect of substrate indicates a non-specific modification of the active center. The order of tyrosinase inactivation kinetics and the substrate protection revealed the essentiality of sulfhydryl and lysyl residues in the enzyme active site and its role in the enzyme catalysis. The immobilized tyrosinase on alginate showed a gradual increase in residual activity over the immobilization time until the fourth hour. The desorptivity of tyrosinase was gradually raised with higher sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentrations. The immobilized enzyme retained about 70% of its original activity after 8 repeated cycles. Thus, immobilized tyrosinase of Penicillium chrysogenum removed 75% of phenol after 8 cycles and thus seems likely to be a good candidate for phenol removal in aqueous solution.
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17
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Extraction of ingredients from tea leaves using oxidative enzymatic reaction and optimization of extraction conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4094. [PMID: 33602953 PMCID: PMC7892889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) are used as biocatalyst in many processes such as oxidization reactions, wastewater treatment, phenol synthesis and so on. The purpose of current study is enzymes extraction from biomass (tea leaves) as well as evaluation of their activation. Different parameters including temperature, buffer concentration, buffer type, buffer/tea leaves ratio, addition of high molecular weight polymers and emulsifiers, and pH were optimized in order to obtain the highest enzymes activity. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) procedure is employed for statistical analysis of enzymes extraction. It is understood from the result that PPO and POD possess the highest activity at temperatures of 25 °C and 50 °C, pH 7 and 5, buffer molarity of 0.1, and 0.05, buffer/tea leaves ratio = 5 for both, contact time = 20 min and 10 min, and presence of 6% and 3% PVP, 5% and 0% Tween 80 for PPO and POD, respectively. Amounts of highest activity for PPO and POD biocatalysts were calculated 0.42 U/mL and 0.025493 U/mL, respectively. Moreover, the entire inactivation of PPO took place after 30 min at 40 °C and 60 °C and 20 min at 80 °C. However, POD lost 35% of its activity after 30 min at 40 °C and 60 °C. The amount of 6% POD activity was kept after 45 min at 80 °C. Generally, it was indicated that POD was more resistant to thermal treatment than PPO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivanhoe K. H. Leung
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Green Chemical Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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19
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Jun LY, Karri RR, Mubarak NM, Yon LS, Bing CH, Khalid M, Jagadish P, Abdullah EC. Modelling of methylene blue adsorption using peroxidase immobilized functionalized Buckypaper/polyvinyl alcohol membrane via ant colony optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113940. [PMID: 31931415 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Jicama peroxidase (JP) was covalently immobilized onto functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) Buckypaper/Polyvinyl alcohol (BP/PVA) membrane and employed for degradation of methylene blue dye. The parameters of the isotherm and kinetic models are estimating using ant colony optimization (ACO), which do not meddle the non-linearity form of the respective models. The proposed inverse modelling through ACO optimization was implemented, and the parameters were evaluated to minimize the non-linear error functions. The adsorption of MB dye onto JP-immobilized BP/PVA membrane follows Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.99) and the pseudo 1st order or 2nd kinetic model (R2 = 0.980 & 0.968 respectively). The model predictions from the parameters estimated by ACO resulted values close the experimental values, thus inferring that this approach captured the inherent characteristics of MB adsorption. Moreover, the thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption was favourable, spontaneous, and exothermic in nature. The comprehensive structural analyses have confirmed the successful binding of peroxidase onto BP/PVA membrane, as well as the effective MB dye removal using immobilized JP membrane. Compared to BP/PVA membrane, the reusability test revealed that JP-immobilized BP/PVA membrane has better dye removal performances as it can retain 64% of its dye removal efficiency even after eight consecutive cycles. Therefore, the experimental results along with modelling results demonstrated that JP-immobilized BP/PVA membrane is expected to bring notable impacts for the development of effective green and sustainable wastewater treatment technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lau Yien Jun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Rama Rao Karri
- Petroleum, and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Brunei Darussalam
| | - N M Mubarak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Lau Sie Yon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Chua Han Bing
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University, 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Priyanka Jagadish
- Graphene & Advanced 2D Materials Research Group (GAMRG), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, No. 5, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - E C Abdullah
- Department of Chemical Process Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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20
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Ferasat Z, Panahi R, Mokhtarani B. Natural polymer matrix as safe flocculant to remove turbidity from kaolin suspension: Performance and governing mechanism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 255:109939. [PMID: 31790872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conventional flocculants bear environmental and health concerns which could be avoided by applying natural materials, particularly polysaccharide and glycoprotein-containing ones. In the present study, yeast cell wall (YCW), a natural polymer matrix, was used as natural flocculant. To prepare YCW, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated in bench scale fermenter. After characterization, YCW was employed as anionic flocculant in jar tests to remove turbidity from kaolin suspensions at different conditions where either alum or poly aluminum chloride (PAC) was coagulant. Generally, the lower coagulant consumption, higher turbidity removal or faster sedimentation was observed by using YCW as flocculant. The developed flocculant was more effective in the presence of PAC compared to alum. At best, by applying 300 mg/L YCW, the highest turbidity removals of 98 and 97% were achieved using 10 ppm PAC at pH 6.5 and 50 ppm alum at pH 7.5, respectively. The presence of the flocculant in the structure of the flocs was proved by FTIR analysis. The final pH of the treated suspensions was suitable for discharge purpose without the need for neutralization. The excess positive charge neutralization and bridging were the governing mechanism in coagulation-flocculation process. YCW with proper performance, GRAS designation and readily availability can be considered as natural alternative to chemical anionic flocculants where the process needs safe compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ferasat
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), 14968-13151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Panahi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), 14968-13151, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Babak Mokhtarani
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), 14968-13151, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Min K, Park GW, Yoo YJ, Lee JS. A perspective on the biotechnological applications of the versatile tyrosinase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121730. [PMID: 31279520 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (E.C. 1.14.18. 1) is a type of Cu-containing oxidoreductase which has bifunctional activity for various phenolic substrates: ortho-hydroxylation of monophenols to diphenols (a cresolase activity) and oxidation of diphenols to quinones (a catecholase activity). Based on the broad substrate spectrum, tyrosinase has been used in bioremediation of phenolic pollutants, constructing biosensors for identifying phenolic compounds, and L-DOPA synthesis. Furthermore, not only tyrosinase has been used to produce useful polyphenol derivatives, but also it is recently revealed that the promiscuous activity of tyrosinase is closely related with delignification in the biorefinery. Accordingly, tyrosinase might be a potential biocatalyst for industrial applications (e.g., electroenzymatic L-DOPA production, but its long-term stability and reusability should be further explored. In this review, we emphasize the versatility of tyrosinase, which includes conventional applications, and suggest new perspectives as an industrial biocatalyst (e.g., electroenzymatic L-DOPA production). Especially, this review focuses on and comprehensively discusses recent innovative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungseon Min
- Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwon Woo Park
- Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Je Yoo
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Suk Lee
- Bio/Energy R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Abdollahi K, Yazdani F, Panahi R. Fabrication of the robust and recyclable tyrosinase-harboring biocatalyst using ethylenediamine functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles: nanocarrier characterization and immobilized enzyme properties. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:943-959. [PMID: 31359184 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized tyrosinase onto the functionalized nanoparticles with the ability to be reused easily in different reaction cycles to degrade phenolic compounds is known as a substantial challenge, which can be overcome through surface modification of the particles via proper chemical groups. Herein, the synthesis and silica coating of superparamagnetic nanoparticles using a simple procedure as well as their potential for tyrosinase immobilization were demonstrated. Therefore, N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine was used to functionalize the silica-coated nanoparticles with amine groups. Then, the ethylenediamine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (EMNPs) were suspended in a solution containing tetrahydrofuran and cyanuric chloride (as an activating agent) to modify nanocarriers. To immobilize enzyme, a mixture of tyrosinase and cyanuric chloride functionalized magnetic nanoparticle (Cyc/EMNPs) was shaken at room temperature. The particles were characterized by EDX, TGA, SEM, FTIR, and TEM. As a result, the successful functionalization of the magnetic nanoparticles and covalent attachment of tyrosinase onto the Cyc/EMNPs were confirmed. The fabricated nano-biocatalyst particles were semi-spherical in shape. The immobilized tyrosinase (Ty-Cyc/EMNPs) exhibited remarkable reusability of six consecutive reaction cycles while no considerable loss of activity was observed for the first three cycles. Moreover, the excellent stability of the biocatalyst at different temperatures and pHs was proved. The Ty-Cyc/EMNPs with interesting features are promising for practical applications in biosensor development and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Abdollahi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.,School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Farshad Yazdani
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Panahi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Bilal M, Adeel M, Rasheed T, Zhao Y, Iqbal HMN. Emerging contaminants of high concern and their enzyme-assisted biodegradation - A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 124:336-353. [PMID: 30660847 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence and adverse environmental and health-related impacts of various types of emerging contaminants (ECs) have become an issue of high concern. With ever increasing scientific knowledge, socio-economic awareness, health-related problems and ecological apprehensions, people are more concerned about the widespread ECs, around the globe. Among ECs, biologically active compounds from pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, biomedical, personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and flame-retardants are of paramount concern. The presence and persistence of ECs in water bodies are of continued and burning interest, worldwide. Various types of ECs are being discharged knowingly/unknowingly with/without partial treatments into the aquatic environments that pose serious health issues and affects the entire living ecosystem. So far, various approaches have been developed for ECs degradation and removal to diminish their adverse impact. Many previous and/or ongoing studies have focused on contaminants degradation and efficient removal via numerous treatment strategies, i.e. (1) physical, (2) chemical and (3) biological. However, the experimental evidence is lacking to enable specific predictions about ECs mechanistic degradation and removal fate across various in-practice systems. In this context, the deployment oxidoreductases such as peroxidases (lignin peroxidases, manganese-dependent peroxidases, and horseradish peroxidase), aromatic dioxygenases, various oxygenases, laccases, and tyrosinases have received considerable research attention. Immobilization is highlighted as a promising approach to improve enzyme catalytic performance and stabilization, as well as, to protect the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme against the undesirable consequences of harsh reaction environment. This work overviews the current and state-of-the-art critical aspect related to hazardous pollutants at large and ECs in particular by the immobilized oxidoreductase enzymes. The first part of the review focuses on the occurrence, physiochemical behavior, potent sources and significant routes of ECs. Following that, environmentally-related adverse impacts and health-related issues of ECs are discussed in the second part. In the third part, biodegradation and removal strategies with a comparative overview of several conventional vs. non-conventional methods are presented briefly. The fourth part majorly focuses on operational modes of different oxidoreductase enzyme-based biocatalytic processes for the biodegradation and biotransformation of a wide array of harmful environmental contaminants. Finally, the left behind research gaps, concluding remarks as well as future trends and recommendations in the use of carrier-immobilized oxidoreductases for environmental perspective are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
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