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Suwannin P, Jangpatarapongsa K, Polpanich D, Alhibshi A, Errachid A, Elaissari A. Enhancing leptospirosis control with nanosensing technology: A critical analysis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 104:102092. [PMID: 37992537 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a serious health problem in tropical areas; thus, animals shed leptospires in the environment. Humans are accidental hosts infected through exposure to contaminating bacteria in the environment. One health strategy can be applied to protect and eliminate leptospirosis because this cooperates and coordinates activities between doctors, veterinarians, and ecologists. However, conventional methods still have limitations. Therefore, the main challenges of leptospirosis control are the high sensing of detection methods to screen and control the pathogens. Interestingly, nano sensing combined with a leptospirosis detection approach can increase the sensitivity and eliminate some limitations. This article reviews nanomaterial development for an advanced leptospirosis detection method, e.g., latex beads-based agglutination test, magnetic nanoparticles enrichment, and gold-nanoparticles-based immunochromatographic assay. Thus, nanomaterials can be functionalized with biomolecules or sensing molecules utilized in various mechanisms such as biosensors. Over the last decade, many biosensors have been developed for Leptospira spp. pathogen and others. The evolution of biosensors for leptospirosis detection was designed for high efficiency and might be an alternative tool. In addition, the high-sensing fabrications are useful for leptospires screening in very low levels, for example, soil or water from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharapan Suwannin
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Kulachart Jangpatarapongsa
- Center for Research Innovation and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Duangporn Polpanich
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Amani Alhibshi
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, Villeurbanne 69622, France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, Villeurbanne 69622, France.
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2
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Jampasa S, Kreangkaiwal C, Kalcher K, Waiwinya W, Techawiwattanaboon T, Songumpai N, Sueyanyongsiri P, Pattanasombatsakul K, Techapornroong M, Benjamanukul S, Chailapakul O, Patarakul K, Chaiyo S. Resistance-Based Lateral Flow Immunosensor with a NFC-Enabled Smartphone for Rapid Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Clinical Samples. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14583-14592. [PMID: 36219138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is one of the most life-threatening tropical diseases caused by pathogenic Leptospira. To date, a diagnostic device that offers rapid and sensitive detection of leptospires has been still in demand for proper treatment to reduce the mortality rate. Herein, we create a resistance-based lateral flow immunosensor diagnosis device (R-LFI) that integrates near-field communication (NFC) with a portable smartphone for leptospiral detection in clinical samples. A specific monoclonal antibody against the pathogen was coated on a nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) where the test line was collocated. Two electrodes with a sandwich-like configuration were installed employing a conductive double-sided adhesive tape and connected with a NFC smartphone-based detection system. A half-sandwich immunocomplex formation induced high proton conduction, resulting in a considerable decrement in resistive response. The performance of the R-LFI sensor was evaluated using recombinant LipL32 (rLipL32), Leptospira interrogans, and clinical samples. The R-LFI device exhibited linear responses toward rLipL32 protein in phosphate buffer and L. interrogans-spiked healthy human serum samples within the concentration ranging from 1 to 1000 ng mL-1 (limit of detection (LOD): 0.29 ng mL-1) and from 104 to 106 cell mL-1 (LOD: 4.89 × 103 cell mL-1), respectively. Our R-LFI sensor successfully detected L. interrogans-positive clinical samples as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This platform offers high specificity, selectivity, simplicity, miniscule sample volume, and no labeling element requirement. These desirable features make it particularly suitable for countries where medical facilities and resources are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakda Jampasa
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Chahya Kreangkaiwal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Kurt Kalcher
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, A-8010Graz, Austria
| | - Wassa Waiwinya
- Interdisciplinary Program, Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Teerasit Techawiwattanaboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Nopporn Songumpai
- Division of Infectious diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Hatyai Hospital, Songkhla90110, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Saovanee Benjamanukul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Banphaeo General Hospital, Samut Sakhon74120, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Kanitha Patarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Sudkate Chaiyo
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Food and Water Risk Analysis (FAWRA), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
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3
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Kumar H, Valko M, Alomar SY, Alwasel SH, Cruz-Martins N, Kuča K, Kumar D. Electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of colistin in chicken liver. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:190. [PMID: 35910287 PMCID: PMC9325936 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
An innovative amperometric immunosensor has been developed to detect antibiotic colistin from the chicken liver. Colistin is a antibacterial peptide that has been barred for human consumption, but it is being commonly used as a veterinary drug, and as a feed additive for livestock. In the present work, an immunosensor was developed by immobilizing an anti-colistin Ab onto the CNF/AuNPs surface of the screen-printed electrode. The sensor records electrochemical response in the chicken liver spiked with colistin with CV. Additionally, the characterization of electrode surface was done with FE-SEM, FTIR, and EIS at each step of fabrication. The lower LOD was 0.89 μgKg-1, with a R 2 of 0.901 using CV. Further validation of the immunosensor was conducted using commercial chicken liver samples, by comparing the results to those obtained using traditional methods. The fabricated immunosensor showed high specificity towards colistin, which remained stable for 6 months but with a 13% loss in the initial CV current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229 India
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman Y. Alomar
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh H. Alwasel
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, PRD Portugal
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229 India
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4
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Bothammal P, Michelraj S, Venkatachalam G, Verma A, Natarajaseenivasan K. Electrochemical biosensor for serogroup specific diagnosis of leptospirosis. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 144:108005. [PMID: 34864273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A problem with the current leptospirosis diagnostic methods is the low sensitivity and specificity during the acute phase of illness. Rapid point-of-care (POC) assays with minimal sample utilization and low cost are desired in clinical practice. Here, we report for the first time lipopolysaccharide (LPS) based electrochemical biosensor that offers a rapid, highly sensitive, serogroup specific diagnosis of leptospirosis during the acute stage of infection and also to distinguish from other flu like infections. The proposed sensor is fabricated by the immobilization of LPS onto dodecanethiol (DT) modified gold electrode. Monolayer of DT is attached through covalent bond (Au-S) interaction onto the gold electrode. Thus, leptospiral antibodies from the human serum samples bind to the LPS present on self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of DT and showed a higher RCT value compared to SAM. The detection limit of the developed LPS sensor is estimated to be 100 nM. This biosensor is the first electrochemical sensing platform used for detection of LPS from Leptospira spp. This method is completely a solution-based diagnostic method and therefore it is rapid, simple, and sensitive; thus establishing a key technology towards a useful POC diagnostic strategy in serogroup level and hence an alternative to MAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Bothammal
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Center for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Singarayan Michelraj
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis (EEC) Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR - CECRI), Karaikudi - 630003, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ganesh Venkatachalam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis (EEC) Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR - CECRI), Karaikudi - 630003, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Ashutosh Verma
- Lincoln Memorial University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Harrogate, TN 37752, USA.
| | - Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Center for Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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5
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Nagraik R, Sethi S, Sharma A, Kumar D, Kumar D, Kumar AP. Ultrasensitive nanohybrid electrochemical sensor to detect LipL32 gene of Leptospira interrogans. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Verma V, Kala D, Gupta S, Kumar H, Kaushal A, Kuča K, Cruz-Martins N, Kumar D. Leptospira interrogans Outer Membrane Protein-Based Nanohybrid Sensor for the Diagnosis of Leptospirosis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2552. [PMID: 33917354 PMCID: PMC8038715 DOI: 10.3390/s21072552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is an underestimated tropical disease caused by the pathogenic Leptospira species and responsible for several serious health problems. Here, we aimed to develop an ultrasensitive DNA biosensor for the rapid and on-site detection of the Loa22 gene of Leptospira interrogans using a gold nanoparticle-carbon nanofiber composite (AuN/CNF)-based screen-printed electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance were performed for electrochemical analysis. The sensitivity of the sensor was 5431.74 μA/cm2/ng with a LOD (detection limit) of 0.0077 ng/μL using cyclic voltammetry. The developed DNA biosensor was found highly specific to the Loa22 gene of L. interrogans, with a storage stability at 4 °C for 180 days and a 6% loss of the initial response. This DNA-based sensor only takes 30 min for rapid detection of the pathogen, with a higher specificity and sensitivity. The promising results obtained suggest the application of the developed sensor as a point of care device for the diagnosis of leptospirosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Verma
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, HP, India; (V.V.); (H.K.)
| | - Deepak Kala
- Amity Center of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Gurugram 122413, HR, India;
| | - Shagun Gupta
- College of Horticulture & Forestry-Neri, Hamirpur 177001, HP, India;
| | - Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, HP, India; (V.V.); (H.K.)
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Amity Center of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Gurugram 122413, HR, India;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, HP, India; (V.V.); (H.K.)
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7
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Kumar H, Chen BH, Kuca K, Nepovimova E, Kaushal A, Nagraik R, Bhatia SK, Dhanjal DS, Kumar V, Kumar A, Upadhyay NK, Verma R, Kumar D. Understanding of Colistin Usage in Food Animals and Available Detection Techniques: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1892. [PMID: 33081121 PMCID: PMC7602861 DOI: 10.3390/ani10101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in the medical profession is determined by the achievements and effectiveness of new antibiotics in the treatment of microbial infections. However, the development of multiple-drug resistance in numerous bacteria, especially Gram-negative bacteria, has limited the treatment options. Due to this resistance, the resurgence of cyclic polypeptide drugs like colistin remains the only option. The drug, colistin, is a well-known growth inhibitor of Gram-negative bacteria like Acinetobacter baumanni, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Technological advancements have uncovered the role of the mcr-1(mobilized colistin resistance) gene, which is responsible for the development of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, which make them distinct from other bacteria without this gene. Additionally, food animals have been determined to be the reservoir for colistin resistance microbes, from which they spread to other hosts. Due to the adverse effects of colistin, many developed countries have prohibited its usage in animal foods, but developing countries are still using colistin in animal food production, thereby imposing a major risk to the public health. Therefore, there is a need for implementation of sustainable measures in livestock farms to prevent microbial infection. This review highlights the negative effects (increased resistance) of colistin consumption and emphasizes the different approaches used for detecting colistin in animal-based foods as well as the challenges associated with its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, H.P., India; (H.K.); (R.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Bing-Huei Chen
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan;
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Centre of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Manesar, Gurugram-122413, Haryana, India;
| | - Rupak Nagraik
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, H.P., India; (H.K.); (R.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK430AL, UK;
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, H.P., India; (H.K.); (R.N.); (A.K.)
| | - Navneet Kumar Upadhyay
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, H.P., India;
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, H.P., India;
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, H.P., India; (H.K.); (R.N.); (A.K.)
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AuNPs/CNF-modified DNA biosensor for early and quick detection of O. tsutsugamushi in patients suffering from scrub typhus. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:446. [PMID: 33014689 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02432-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel approach has been developed for the detection of 56 kDa tissue-specific antigen (TSA) gene of Orientia tsutsugamushi a causative agent of scrub typhus disease. The approach was developed by immobilization of 5' NH2 labeled ssDNA probe selective to 56 kDa TSA gene, to the surface of AuNPs/CNF modified screen-printed electrode. An electrochemical response was recorded with single stranded genomic DNA (ssDNA) of O. tsutsugamushi isolated from patient sample, using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrode surface was characterized by Field-Emission Scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman Spectroscopy at each step of fabrication. The DNA biosensor shows optimum response within 50-60 s at room temperature (25 ± 3 °C). The sensor shows higher sensitivity [7849 (µA/cm2)/ng DNA], fast response time (60 s), wider linear range (0.04-2.6 ng) with limit of detection of 0.02 ng/µl of ssDNA sample.
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Saini K, Kaushal A, Gupta S, Kumar D. PlcA-based nanofabricated electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk samples. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:327. [PMID: 32656060 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical DNA biosensor has been developed for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk samples. The electrochemical studies of the developed biosensor was recorded by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance (EI) using methylene blue (MB) and potassium ferricyanide K3Fe(CN)- 6 as redox indicators. The selectivity of the developed biosensor was demonstrated using complementary and mismatch oligonucleotide sequences. The sensitivity (S) of the developed sensor was recorded as 3461 (μA/cm2)/ng and limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 82 fg/6 µl with the regression coefficient (R 2) 0.941 using CV. The sensor was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The electrode was found to be stable for six months, with only 10% loss in the initial CV current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Saini
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO, Distt. Solan, Sultanpur, 173229 HP India
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Amity University, Manesar, Gurugram, 122413 Haryana India
| | - Shagun Gupta
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO, Distt. Solan, Sultanpur, 173229 HP India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, PO, Distt. Solan, Sultanpur, 173229 HP India
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Mishra M, Singh SK, Bhardwaj A, Kumar L, Singh MK, Sundaram S. Development of a Diatom-Based Photoluminescent Immunosensor for the Early Detection of Karnal Bunt Disease of Wheat Crop. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8251-8257. [PMID: 32309735 PMCID: PMC7161024 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In India, the major crop is wheat. Its production is severely hampered by seed-borne diseases such as smut and bunt which are responsible for the reduction of crop yield with poor grain quality. In the current study, an attempt was made to prepare a photoluminescence (PL)-based immunosensor for early detection of Karnal bunt (KB) disease. The KB disease-causing pathogen Tilletia indica was detected using functionalized diatom frustules as a sensing platform. The teliospore-covered platform, on exposure to light, showed enhanced intensity of PL in comparison to control. This response was directly proportional to the concentration of spores. For the development of a stable frustule-based immunosensor platform, gluteraldehyde was added for the covalent immobilization of the T. indica antibody onto amine-functionalized diatom substrates. Frustules of diatom consisting of a nanoporous three-dimensional biogenic silica material exhibit a unique property of emitting strong, visible blue PL under ultraviolet (UV) excitation. PL studies were done to reveal the specificity and binding of the conjugated diatom platform that will distinguish between the T. indica (complementary) and A. niger (noncomplementary) antigens. Four times better intensity of PL was observed against the complementary one in comparison to a noncomplementary setup (control). The immunocomplex frustule-based platform serves as a suitable sensor platform for early detection of KB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjita Mishra
- Centre
of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shailendra Kumar Singh
- Centre
of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Bhardwaj
- Department
of Environmental Science, Veer Bahadur Singh
Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222001, India
| | - Lokendra Kumar
- Department
of Physics, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Centre
of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shanthy Sundaram
- Centre
of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Nagraik R, Kaushal A, Gupta S, Sethi S, Sharma A, Kumar D. Nanofabricated versatile electrochemical sensor for Leptospira interrogans detection. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 129:441-446. [PMID: 31786101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this report, a LipL32 gene based nanofabricated electrochemical sensor for the detection of Leptospira interrogans has been developed using carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes with gold nanoparticles (c-MWCNTs/nanoAu) electrode and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The c-MWCNTs/nanoAu electrode was linked to GQDs using 4-aminothiophenol (ATP). The surface modifications on the electrode surface were delineated using Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). 5'-Amino (NH2) labeled single stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe was immobilized on the surface of c-MWCNTs/nanoAu/ATP/GQD composite electrode. The electrochemical changes of the developed sensor after hybridization with single stranded complementary DNA of L. interrogans were analyzed by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using 1 mM methylene blue. The sensor showed good linearity with complementary ssDNA concentration ranging from 0.37 to 12 ng/μl. The sensor exhibited high specificity to L. interrogans and showed good reproducibility when stored at 4°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupak Nagraik
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India.
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India; Centre of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana 122413, India.
| | - Shagun Gupta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India.
| | - Sunil Sethi
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector-12, Chandigarh 160012, India.
| | - Avinash Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Post Box No. 9, Head Post Office, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India.
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Rapid detection of Salmonella enterica in raw milk samples using Stn gene-based biosensor. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:425. [PMID: 31696030 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a DNA-based nanosensor using specific NH2 labeled single standard probe was developed against stn gene of Salmonella enterica in milk samples. The single-stranded DNA probe was immobilized on carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube and gold nanoparticle (c-MWCNT/AuNP) electrode using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC): N-hydroxy succinimide-based cross-linking chemistry. Electrochemical characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) techniques. The electrode surface at each step of fabrication was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The sensitivity and lower limit of detection were found to be 728.42 (μA/cm2)/ng and 1.8 pg/6 μl (0.3 pg/ml), respectively, with regression coefficient (R 2) of 0.843 using DPV. The sensor was further validated using raw and artificial milk samples, and results were compared with conventional methods of detection. The developed sensor was found to be highly sensitive and stable up to 6 months, with only 10% loss of initial peak current in CV analysis on storage at 4 °C.
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