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Jasińska A, Walaszczyk A, Paraszkiewicz K. Omics-Based Approaches in Research on Textile Dye Microbial Decolorization. Molecules 2024; 29:2771. [PMID: 38930836 PMCID: PMC11206425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of the textile industry has negative effects on the natural environment. Cotton cultivation, dyeing fabrics, washing, and finishing require a lot of water and energy and use many chemicals. One of the most dangerous pollutants generated by the textile industry is dyes. Most of them are characterized by a complex chemical structure and an unfavorable impact on the environment. Especially azo dyes, whose decomposition by bacteria may lead to the formation of carcinogenic aromatic amines and raise a lot of concern. Using the metabolic potential of microorganisms that biodegrade dyes seems to be a promising solution for their elimination from contaminated environments. The development of omics sciences such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has allowed for a comprehensive approach to the processes occurring in cells. Especially multi-omics, which combines data from different biomolecular levels, providing an integrative understanding of the whole biodegradation process. Thanks to this, it is possible to elucidate the molecular basis of the mechanisms of dye biodegradation and to develop effective methods of bioremediation of dye-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jasińska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Walaszczyk
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Paraszkiewicz
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
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Mustafa G, Zahid MT, Kurade MB, Alvi A, Ullah F, Yadav N, Park HK, Khan MA, Jeon BH. Microalgal and activated sludge processing for biodegradation of textile dyes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123902. [PMID: 38580061 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The textile industry contributes substantially to water pollution. To investigate bioremediation of dye-containing wastewater, the decolorization and biotransformation of three textile azo dyes, Red HE8B, Reactive Green 27, and Acid Blue 29, were considered using an integrated remediation approach involving the microalga Chlamydomonas mexicana and activated sludge (ACS). At a 5 mg L-1 dye concentration, using C. mexicana and ACS alone, decolorization percentages of 39%-64% and 52%-54%, respectively, were obtained. In comparison, decolorization percentages of 75%-79% were obtained using a consortium of C. mexicana and ACS. The same trend was observed for the decolorization of dyes at higher concentrations, but the potential for decolorization was low. The toxic azo dyes adversely affect the growth of microalgae and at high concentration 50 mg L-1 the growth rate inhibited to 50-60% as compared to the control. The natural textile wastewater was also treated with the same pattern and got promising results of decolorization (90%). Moreover, the removal of BOD (82%), COD (72%), TN (64%), and TP (63%) was observed with the consortium. The HPLC and GC-MS confirm dye biotransformation, revealing the emergence of new peaks and the generation of multiple metabolites with more superficial structures, such as N-hydroxy-aniline, naphthalene-1-ol, and sodium hydroxy naphthalene. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the C. mexicana and ACS consortium for efficient, eco-friendly bioremediation of textile azo dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Tariq Zahid
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mayur Bharat Kurade
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Aliya Alvi
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nikita Yadav
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Sharma M, Agarwal S, Agarwal Malik R, Kumar G, Pal DB, Mandal M, Sarkar A, Bantun F, Haque S, Singh P, Srivastava N, Gupta VK. Recent advances in microbial engineering approaches for wastewater treatment: a review. Bioengineered 2023; 14:2184518. [PMID: 37498651 PMCID: PMC10376923 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2184518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present era of global climate change, the scarcity of potable water is increasing both due to natural and anthropogenic causes. Water is the elixir of life, and its usage has risen significantly due to escalating economic activities, widespread urbanization, and industrialization. The increasing water scarcity and rising contamination have compelled, scientists and researchers, to adopt feasible and sustainable wastewater treatment methods in meeting the growing demand for freshwater. Presently, various waste treatment technologies are adopted across the globe, such as physical, chemical, and biological treatment processes. There is a need to replace these technologies with sustainable and green technology that encourages the use of microorganisms since they have proven to be more effective in water treatment processes. The present review article is focused on demonstrating how effectively various microbes can be used in wastewater treatment to achieve environmental sustainability and economic feasibility. The microbial consortium used for water treatment offers many advantages over pure culture. There is an urgent need to develop hybrid treatment technology for the effective remediation of various organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sangita Agarwal
- Department of Applied Science, RCC Institute of Information Technology Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Richa Agarwal Malik
- Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Dan Bahadur Pal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamun Mandal
- Laboratory of Applied Stress Biology, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhijit Sarkar
- Laboratory of Applied Stress Biology, Department of Botany, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Farkad Bantun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Pardeep Singh
- Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
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Mustafa G, Zahid MT, Bharat Kurade M, Mahadeo Patil S, Shakoori FR, Shafiq Z, Ihsan S, Ahn Y, Khan AA, Gacem A, Jeon BH. Molecular characterization of azoreductase and its potential for the decolorization of Remazol Red R and Acid Blue 29. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122253. [PMID: 37499970 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Azoreductase is a reductive enzyme that efficiently biotransformed textile azo dyes. This study demonstrated the heterologous overexpression of the azoreductase gene in Escherichia coli for the effective degradation of Remazol Red-R and Acid-Blue 29 dyes. The AzK gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae encoding a ≈22 kDa azoreductase enzyme was cloned into the pET21+C expression vector. The inoculum size of 1.5%, IPTG concentration of 0.5 mM, and incubation time of 6 h were optimized by response surface methodology a statistical tool. The crude extract showed 76% and 74%, while the purified enzyme achieved 94% and 93% decolorization of RRR and AB-29, respectively in 0.3 h. The reaction kinetics showed that RRR had a Km and Vmax value of 0.058 mM and 1416 U mg-1, respectively at an NADH concentration of 10 mM. HPLC and GC-MS analyses showed that RRR was effectively bio-transformed by azoreductase to 2-[3-(hydroxy-amino) benzene-1-sulfonyl and AB-29 to aniline and 3-nitrosoaniline. This study explored the potential of recombinant azoreductase isolated from K. pneumoniae in the degradation of toxic textile azo dyes into less toxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq Zahid
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mayur Bharat Kurade
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Swapnil Mahadeo Patil
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | | | - Zeeshan Shafiq
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Ihsan
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yongtae Ahn
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda, 21000, Algeria
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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Laothanachareon T, Kongtong K, Saeng-Kla K, Kanokratana P, Leetanasaksakul K, Champreda V. Evaluating the efficacy of wood decay fungi and synthetic fungal consortia for simultaneous decolorization of multiple textile dyes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:226. [PMID: 37316623 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03672-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater from the textile industry dyeing process containing high loads of synthetic dyes leads to pollution of water with these toxic and genotoxic dyes. Much effort has been put towards developing biological systems to resolve this issue. Mycoremediation is a well-known approach using fungi to remove, degrade, or remediate pollutants and can be applied to decolorize textile dyes in industrial effluent. Fungal strains from four genera of Polyporales, namely Coriolopsis sp. TBRC 2756, Fomitopsis pinicola TBRC-BCC 30881, Rigidoporus vinctus TBRC 6770, and Trametes pocas TBRC-BCC 18705, were studied for decolorization efficiency, and R. vinctus was found to exhibit the greatest activity in removing all seven tested reactive dyes and one acid dye with a decolorization efficiency of 80% or more within 7 days under limited oxygen. This fungus simultaneously degraded multiple dyes in synthetic wastewater as well as industrial effluent from the dyeing process. To enhance the decolorization rate, various fungal consortia were formulated for testing. However, these consortia only trivially improved efficiency compared with using R. vinctus TBRC 6770 alone. Evaluation of R. vinctus TBRC 6770 decolorization ability was further performed in a 15-L bioreactor to test its ability to eliminate multiple dyes from industrial effluent. The fungus took 45 days to adapt to growth in the bioreactor and subsequently reduced dye concentration to less than 10% of the initial concentration. The following six cycles required only 4-7 days to reduce dye concentrations to less than 25%, demonstrating that the system can run efficiently for multiple cycles without the need for extra medium or other carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Laothanachareon
- Enzyme Technology Research Team, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Kittima Kongtong
- Food Biotechnology Research Team, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kanphorn Saeng-Kla
- Enzyme Technology Research Team, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pattanop Kanokratana
- Enzyme Technology Research Team, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kantinan Leetanasaksakul
- Functional Proteomics Technology Research Team, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Verawat Champreda
- Enzyme Technology Research Team, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
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Saha P, Sivaramakrishna A, Rao KVB. Bioremediation of reactive orange 16 by industrial effluent-adapted bacterial consortium VITPBC6: process optimization using response surface methodology (RSM), enzyme kinetics, pathway elucidation, and detoxification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:35450-35477. [PMID: 36534248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Textile effluent is one of the most hazardous industrial pollutant sources. It is generated in huge volumes and contains a wide array of toxicants. Reactive azo dyes, which are xenobiotic compounds, are predominantly utilized by textile industries for dyeing cotton, viscose, wool, and silk. The conventional physicochemical treatments used by industrial effluent treatment plants are ineffective in dye degradation. The present study thus attempted to find a potential treatment for reactive azo dyes. A novel bacterial consortium VITPBC6 was constructed with the most potent and compatible reactive orange 16 (RO-16) decolorizing isolates of tannery and textile effluents, and the isolates were identified as Bacillus flexus VITSP6, Bacillus paraflexus VITSPB7, Bacillus megaterium VITSPB9, Bacillus firmus VITEPB1, B. flexus VITEPB2, and Bacillus aryabhattai VITEPB3. The physicochemical factors of RO-16 decolorization were optimized by response surface methodology. Consortium VITPBC6 was able to tolerate a high concentration of RO-16 up to 800 mg L-1. A cocktail of enzymes including azoreductase, tyrosinase, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase was involved in RO-16 degradation by VITPBC6. Consortium VITPBC6 degraded RO-16 following zero-order reaction. The enzymes of consortium VITPBC6 had a Vmax of 352 mg L-1 day-1 for RO-16 degradation; however, the Km value was high. VITPBC6 biodegraded RO-16 resulting in the formation of small aromatic compounds. Lastly, different toxicity assays conducted with untreated RO-16 and its corresponding biodegraded metabolite revealed that the toxicity of biodegraded metabolites was significantly lower than the untreated dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purbasha Saha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Akella Sivaramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Kokati Venkata Bhaskara Rao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamilnadu, India.
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Patel Y, Gupte A. Accelerated biodecolorization and detoxification of synthetic textile dye Acid Maroon V by bacterial consortium under redox mediator system. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:51. [PMID: 36685318 PMCID: PMC9845506 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of textile industrial wastewater is an important concern owing to its negative impact on the biosphere. The present study highlighted dye decolorization potential of bacterial consortium EDPA containing Enterobacter dissolvens AGYP1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa AGYP2 in the presence of redox mediators. Rapid decolorization of Acid Maroon V (100 mg l-1) was achieved in the presence of lawsone compared to other redox mediators. The dye decolorization was best fitted with first order kinetics with higher reaction kinetics (k1 = 0.328 h-1) and regression coefficient (R2 = 0.979). The removal of dye by the consortium was 1.47 times faster in 8 h with 0.01 mM lawsone. The consortium EDPA was able to decolorize 1200 mg l-1 concentration of dye with apparent R max , K m and R max /K m values 1000 mg l-1 h-1, 5000 mg l-1 and 0.2 h-1, respectively. The lawsone-mediated system could decolorize the dye 80.44% in 10 h at the end of 11 dye spiking cycle. The superior biodecolorization of 14 different textile dyes was obtained in the presence of lawsone-mediated system. The intracellular enzyme activities of azoreductase, NADH-DCIP reductase, laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase increased significantly. The sequential microaerophilic-aerobic incubation resulted into 89.31% reduction of total aromatic amines. The microbial toxicity, phytotoxicity and genotoxicity measurements revealed biotransformation of toxic nature of dye Acid Maroon V into non-toxic metabolites by the action of consortium EDPA, and thus its suitability for biotreatment of dye containing industrial effluents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03466-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Patel
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Science and Humanities (CBSH), Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University (SDAU), Sardarkrushinagar, 385506 Gujarat India
| | - Akshaya Gupte
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Anand, Gujarat India
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Biotreatment of azo dye containing textile industry effluent by a developed bacterial consortium immobilised on brick pieces in an indigenously designed packed bed biofilm reactor. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:83. [PMID: 36658257 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03521-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study highlights the development of a lab-scale, indigenously designed; Packed-Bed Biofilm Reactor (PBBR) packed with brick pieces. The developed biofilm in the reactor was used for the decolourisation and biodegradation of the textile industry effluent. The PBBR was continuously operated for 264 days, during which 301 cycles of batch and continuous treatment were operated. In batch mode under optimised conditions, more than 99% dye decolourisation and ≥ 92% COD reduction were achieved in 6 h of contact time upon supplementation of effluent with 0.25 g L-1 glucose, 0.25 g L-1 urea, and 0.1 g L-1 phosphates. A decolourisation rate of 133.94 ADMI units h-1 was achieved in the process. PBBR, when operated in continuous mode, showed ≥ 95% and ≥ 92% reduction in ADMI and COD values. Subsequent aeration and passage through the charcoal reactor assisted in achieving a ≥ 96% reduction in COD and ADMI values. An overall increase of 81% in dye-laden effluent decolourisation rate, from 62 to 262 mg L-1 h-1, was observed upon increasing the flow rate from 18 to 210 mL h-1. Dye biodegradation was determined by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy and toxicity study. SEM analysis showed the morphology of the attached-growth biofilm.
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Ikram M, Zahoor M, Naeem M, Islam NU, Shah AB, Shahzad B. Bacterial oxidoreductive enzymes as molecular weapons for the degradation and metabolism of the toxic azo dyes in wastewater: a review. Z PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2022-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Azo dyes are extremely toxic and pose significant environmental and health risks. Consequently, mineralization and conversion to simple compounds are required to avoid their hazardous effects. A variety of enzymes from the bacterial system are thought to be involved in the degradation and metabolism of azo dyes. Bioremediation, a cost effective and eco-friendly biotechnology, involving bacteria is powered by bacterial enzymes. As mentioned, several enzymes from the bacterial system serve as molecular weapons in the degradation of these dyes. Among these enzymes, azoreductase, oxidoreductase, and laccase are of great interest for the degradation and decolorization of azo dyes. Combination of the oxidative and reductive enzymes is used for the removal of azo dyes from water. The aim of this review article is to provide information on the importance of bacterial enzymes. The review also discusses the genetically modified microorganisms in the biodegradation of azo dyes in polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry , Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan , Mardan , 23200 , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Malakand at Chakdara , Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Chemistry , Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan , Mardan , 23200 , Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Islam
- Department of Chemistry , University of Malakand at Chakdara , Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) , Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University , Jinju 52828 , Korea
| | - Babar Shahzad
- Department of Biochemistry , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Peshawar , Pakistan
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Yanto DHY, Anita SH, Solihat NN. Enzymatic degradation and metabolic pathway of acid blue 129 dye by crude laccase from newly isolated Trametes hirsuta EDN 082. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2022.2138360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dede Heri Yuli Yanto
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Marine Biomaterials, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Sita Heris Anita
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
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11
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Li H, Li T, Deng W, Kong S. Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Graphene-Modified, Pitch-Based Carbon Foam Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204455. [PMID: 36298032 PMCID: PMC9608265 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the good adsorption properties of graphene and carbon foam, they were combined to achieve the optimal matching of microstructures. Taking mesophase pitch as a raw material, pitch-based carbon foam was prepared by the self-foaming method. Graphene gel was prepared as the second phase to composite with the carbon foam matrix; graphene-modified, pitch-based carbon foam composites were finally obtained. Graphene gel was dispersed in the rich pore structure of carbon foam to improve its agglomeration and the porosity, and the active sites of the composite were further increased; the adsorption properties and mechanical properties of the composites were also significantly improved. The microstructure and morphology of the composites were studied by SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy; the compressive property and porosity were also tested. Methylene blue (MB) solution was used to simulate a dye solution for the adsorption test, and the influence of the composite properties and MB solution on the adsorption property was studied. Results showed that the compressive strength of the composite was 13.5 MPa, increased by 53.41%, and the porosity was 58.14%, increased by 24.15%, when compared to raw carbon foam. When the mass of the adsorbent was 150 mg, the initial concentration of the MB solution was 5 mg/L, and the pH value of the MB solution was 11; the graphene-modified carbon foam composites showed the best adsorption effect, with an adsorption rate of 96.3% and an adsorption capacity of 144.45 mg/g. Compared with the raw carbon foam, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of the composites were increased by 158.18% and 93.50%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (T.L.)
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Sehar S, Rasool T, Syed HM, Mir MA, Naz I, Rehman A, Shah MS, Akhter MS, Mahmood Q, Younis A. Recent advances in biodecolorization and biodegradation of environmental threatening textile finishing dyes. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:186. [PMID: 35875175 PMCID: PMC9304469 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03247-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic nature of dyes and their commercially made products are widely utilized in many industries including paper, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, photography, petroleum as well as in textile manufacturing. The textile industry being the top most consumer of a large variety of dyes during various unit processes operation generates substantial amount of wastewater; hence, nominated as "Major Polluter of Potable Water". The direct discharge of such effluents into environment poses serious threats to the functioning of biotic communities of natural ecosystems. The detection of these synthetic dyes is considered as relatively easy, however, it is extremely difficult to completely eliminate them from wastewater and freshwater ecosystems. Aromatic chemical structure seems to be the main reason behind low biodegradability of these dyes. Currently, various physiochemical and biological methods are employed for their remediation. Among them, microbial degradation has attracted greater attention due to its sustainability, high efficiency, cost effectiveness, and eco-friendly nature. The current review presents recent advances in biodegradation of industrial dyes towards a sustainable and tangible technological innovative solutions as an alternative to existing conventional physicochemical treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Sehar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Tabassum Rasool
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Hasnain M. Syed
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, P.O. Box 1664, Al Khobar, 31952 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Amin Mir
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, P.O. Box 1664, Al Khobar, 31952 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iffat Naz
- Department of Biology, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah, 51452 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science & Technology (KUST), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kohat, 26000 Pakistan
| | - Mir Sadiq Shah
- Department of Zoology, University of Science and Technology, Bannu, 28100 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Salim Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Qaisar Mahmood
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Adnan Younis
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Sakhir, Kingdom of Bahrain
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13
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Evaluating the efficacy of bacterial consortium for decolorization of diazo dye mixture. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:515. [PMID: 35867172 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Textile wastewater contains dyes mixed with other contaminants in various concentrations. Bacteria-mediated decolorization and degradation of azo dyes have achieved momentum as a method of treatment attributed to their inexpensive, eco-friendly, and application to a wide range of azo dyes. However, a single species of bacteria is inefficient in decolorizing diverse groups of dyes which is one of the most significant challenges for environmental technologists working in bioremediation. In the present study, an aerobic bacterial consortium AUJ consisting of six different bacterial strains (Pseudomonas stutzeri AK1, Pseudomonas stutzeri AK2, Pseudomonas stutzeri AK3, Bacillus spp. AK4, Pseudomonas stutzeri AK5, and Pseudomonas stutzeri AK6) removed the individual azo dyes in the 24-94% range when used in more than 200 ppm concentration within 72-96 h. In addition, the consortium was able to decolorize 52.19% mixed dyes (100 ppm) and 44.55% Acid blue 113 when used at a concentration as high as 1100 ppm within 96 h. Optimization of various nutritional and environmental parameters revealed that glucose and yeast extract were the preferred carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, and analysis of treated dye products using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) confirmed the breakdown of dye. In all, we present a bacterial consortium with a good ability of dye decolorization that can be used for degrading a wide variety of azo dyes.
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Khan S, Zeyad MT, Malik A. Genotoxicity assessment of textile waste contaminated soil and characterization of textile dye degradation by a novel indigenous bacterium Ochrobactrum intermedium BS39. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134082. [PMID: 35218787 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The harmful effects of textile wastewater irrigation practices on the crop productivity and soil nutrient levels are primarily related with the accumulation of recalcitrant azo dyes in the soil. Therefore, toxicity assessment of the textile waste contaminated soil along with the development of a powerful soil bioremediation strategy is a challenging task for the researchers. Present study aimed to evaluate potential toxicity of the textile wastewater irrigated soil collected from Panki industrial site 5, Kanpur, India employing Ames Salmonella/mammalian microsome test, Escherichia coli DNA repair defective mutation assay and Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay. The results of the Ames test and DNA repair defective mutation test showed that all the organic extracts of the contaminated soil samples induced different degrees of DNA damage, indicating the existence of mutagenicity and genotoxicity. Additionally, in A. cepa root cells, the contaminated soil altered mitotic index and caused chromosomal abnormalities. Results of the study demonstrated potential health risks related with the irrigation of textile wastewater. Keeping in view of the above scenario, the study led to the isolation and characterization of a novel indigenous bacterium capable of tolerating very high concentration of reactive black 5 dye (500 μg-mL-1) and salt (20 gL-1) with concurrently high efficiency of the dye degradation i.e., 93% decolorization at temperature of 37 °C and in pH range of 5-9. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the bacterium was identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium. Further, dye degradation products were identified as sodium-2-hydrosulfonylethyl sulphate and sodium-3-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonate by Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry; and this isolate can be exploited for bioremediation of textile waste contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khan
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Tarique Zeyad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
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15
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Santhanarajan AE, Rhee C, Sul WJ, Yoo K, Seong HJ, Kim HG, Koh SC. Transcriptomic Analysis of Degradative Pathways for Azo Dye Acid Blue 113 in Sphingomonas melonis B-2 from the Dye Wastewater Treatment Process. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020438. [PMID: 35208892 PMCID: PMC8877305 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acid Blue 113 (AB113) is a typical azo dye, and the resulting wastewater is toxic and difficult to remove. Methods: The experimental culture was set up for the biodegradation of the azo dye AB113, and the cell growth and dye decolorization were monitored. Transcriptome sequencing was performed in the presence and absence of AB113 treatment. The key pathways and enzymes involved in AB113 degradation were found through pathway analysis and enrichment software (GO, EggNog and KEGG). Results: S. melonis B-2 achieved more than 80% decolorization within 24 h (50 and 100 mg/L dye). There was a positive relationship between cell growth and the azo dye degradation rate. The expression level of enzymes involved in benzoate and naphthalene degradation pathways (NADH quinone oxidoreductase, N-acetyltransferase and aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase) increased significantly after the treatment of AB113. Conclusions: Benzoate and naphthalene degradation pathways were the key pathways for AB113 degradation. NADH quinone oxidoreductase, N-acetyltransferase, aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase and CYP450 were the key enzymes for AB113 degradation. This study provides evidence for the process of AB113 biodegradation at the molecular and biochemical level that will be useful in monitoring the dye wastewater treatment process at the full-scale treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalfin-Emmanuel Santhanarajan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49112, Korea; (A.-E.S.); (K.Y.)
| | - Chaeyoung Rhee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Woo Jun Sul
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 06974, Korea; (W.J.S.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Keunje Yoo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49112, Korea; (A.-E.S.); (K.Y.)
| | - Hoon Je Seong
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 06974, Korea; (W.J.S.); (H.J.S.)
| | | | - Sung-Cheol Koh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49112, Korea; (A.-E.S.); (K.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-9900-7294
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16
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Abstract
The use of dyes dates to ancient times and has increased due to population and industrial growth, leading to the rise of synthetic dyes. These pollutants are of great environmental impact and azo dyes deserve special attention due their widespread use and challenging degradation. Among the biological solutions developed to mitigate this issue, bacteria are highlighted for being versatile organisms, which can be applied as single organism cultures, microbial consortia, in bioreactors, acting in the detoxification of azo dyes breakage by-products and have the potential to combine biodegradation with the production of products of economic interest. These characteristics go hand in hand with the ability of various strains to act under various chemical and physical parameters, such as a wide range of pH, salinity, and temperature, with good performance under industry, and environmental, relevant conditions. This review encompasses studies with promising results related to the use of bacteria in the bioremediation of environments contaminated with azo dyes in the most diverse techniques and parameters, both in environmental and laboratory samples, also addressing their mechanisms and the legislation involving these dyes around the world, showcasing the importance of bacterial bioremediation, specialty in a scenario in an ever-increasing pursuit for sustainable production.
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17
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Belouhova M, Topalova Y. Structural and functional changes in biofilm during adaptation towards amaranth biodegradation. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.2015440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Belouhova
- Faculty of Biology, Department of General and Applied Hydrobiology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Topalova
- Faculty of Biology, Department of General and Applied Hydrobiology, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, Bulgaria
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18
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19
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Recent advances in the biodegradation of azo dyes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:137. [PMID: 34273009 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
As dye demand continues to rapidly increase in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, paper, textile, and leather industries, an industrialization increase is occurring. Meanwhile, the degradation and removal of azo dyes have raised broad concern regarding the hazards posed by these dyes to the ecological environment and human health. Physicochemical treatments have been applied but are hindered by high energy and economic costs, high sludge production, and chemicals handling. Comparatively, the bioremediation technique is an eco-friendly, removal-efficient, and cost-competitive method to resolve the problem. This paper provides scientific and technical information about recent advances in the biodegradation of azo dyes. It expands the biodegradation efficiency, characteristics, and mechanisms of various microorganisms containing bacteria, fungi, microalgae, and microbial consortia, which have been reported to biodegrade azo dyes. In addition, information about physicochemical factors affecting dye biodegradation has been compiled. Furthermore, this paper also sketches the recent development and characteristics of advanced bioreactors.
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20
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Cheng H, Yuan M, Zeng Q, Zhou H, Zhan W, Chen H, Mao Z, Wang Y. Efficient reduction of reactive black 5 and Cr(Ⅵ) by a newly isolated bacterium of Ochrobactrum anthropi. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124641. [PMID: 33321321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is important to obtain bacteria with the ability for reduction of dyes and Cr(Ⅵ) since dyes and Cr(Ⅵ) are often co-exist in textile wastewater. In this study, a new strain belonging to Ochrobactrum anthropi was isolated from textile wastewater, and could efficiently reduce Reactive Black 5 (RB 5) and Cr(Ⅵ). The results showed the degradation efficiency of RB 5 could achieve 100% and reduction efficiency of Cr(Ⅵ) was up to 80% within 3 days at initial RB 5 and Cr(Ⅵ) concentration of 400 mg/L and 20 mg/L. Mn2+ and Cu2+ could enhance the removal of RB 5 and Cr(Ⅵ), respectively. Glycerin, as electron donor, improved reduction efficiencies of RB 5 and Cr(Ⅵ). In addition, reduction mechanisms were further investigated. The results demonstrated that decreasing of RB 5 and Cr(Ⅵ) concentration were mainly through extracellular bioreduction rather than by adsorption. The FTIR and XPS analyses revealed that the O‒H, C‒C and C‒H groups on the cell surface might be involved in the reduction of RB 5 and Cr(Ⅵ). The information gives useful insights into understanding of how the bacterium reduce RB 5 and Cr(Ⅵ). The results indicated that the strain had excellent application prospect for treating industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haina Cheng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Mingzhu Yuan
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Wenhao Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronauts Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenhua Mao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China.
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21
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Morsy SAGZ, Ahmad Tajudin A, Ali MSM, Shariff FM. Current Development in Decolorization of Synthetic Dyes by Immobilized Laccases. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:572309. [PMID: 33101245 PMCID: PMC7554347 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.572309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The world today is in a quest for new means of environmental remediation as the methods currently used are not sufficient to halt the damage. Mostly, a global direction is headed toward a shift from traditional chemical-based methods to a more ecofriendly alternative. In this context, biocatalysis is seen as a cost-effective, energy saving, and clean alternative. It is meant to catalyze degradation of recalcitrant chemicals in an easy, rapid, green, and sustainable manner. One already established application of biocatalysis is the removal of dyes from natural water bodies using enzymes, notably oxidoreductases like laccases, due to their wide range of substrate specificity. In order to boost their catalytic activity, various methods of enhancements have been pursued including immobilization of the enzyme on different support materials. Aside from increased catalysis, immobilized laccases have the advantages of higher stability, better durability against harsh environment conditions, longer half-lives, resistance against protease enzymes, and the ability to be recovered for reuse. This review briefly outlines the current methods used for detoxification and decolorization of dye effluents stressing on the importance of laccases as a revolutionary biocatalytic solution to this environmental problem. This work highlights the significance of laccase immobilization and also points out some of the challenges and opportunities of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherine Ahmed Gamal Zakaria Morsy
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asilah Ahmad Tajudin
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fairolniza Mohd Shariff
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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22
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Abd Ellatif S, El-Sheekh MM, Senousy HH. Role of microalgal ligninolytic enzymes in industrial dye decolorization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:41-52. [PMID: 32649225 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1789842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the decolorization efficiency of seven microalgae isolates; Nostoc muscorum, Nostoc humifusum, Spirulina platensis, Anabaena oryzae, Wollea saccata, Oscillatoria sp. and Chlorella vulgaris was investigated for dye decolorization. The highest decolorization percentages of Brazilwood, Orange G, and Naphthol Green B dyes (99.5%, 99.5%, and 98.5%, respectively) were achieved by Chlorella vulgaris. However, the maximum efficiency for dye decolorization percentages of CV and malachite green dyes were exhibited by A. oryzae (97.4%) and W. saccata (93.3%). Ligninolytic enzymes activity assay was carried out for laccase and lignin peroxidase enzymes, which revealed a high efficiency of the C. vulgaris, A. oryzae and W. saccata to lignin containing compound degradation. The highest laccase production recorded by C. vulgaris with Brazilwood, Orange G, and Naphthol Green B dyes (665.0, 678.6, and 659.5 U/ml, respectively). Similarly, C. vulgaris gave a high lignin peroxidase enzyme production with the above three dyes respectively (306.00, 298.34, and 311.45 U/ml). In addition, A. oryzae and W. saccata showed the highest production of the laccase enzyme (634.6 and 577.45 U/ml, respectively) with CV and malachite green dyes. The degradation products have been characterized after decolorization and verified using FTIR analysis. The high decolorization percentages achieved by C. vulgaris, A. oryzae and W. saccata make them potential candidates for bioremediation and pre-processing to remove dyes from textile effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Abd Ellatif
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M El-Sheekh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hoda H Senousy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Abbas A, Mushtaq A, Cheema AI, Mahmood F, Khan MA, Naqqash T, Khurshid M, Manzoor I, Muhammad S, Shahid M. Heterologous expression of azoreductase-encoding gene azrS of Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 for enhanced azo dye decolorization and wastewater treatment. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:2135-2145. [PMID: 32519019 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01940-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In Pakistan, 55% of textile exports are contributed by textile-units of Faisalabad. The effluents of these textile units, being discharged without any treatment, contain the contamination of a huge amount of synthetic azo dyes. The objective of the current research was to evaluate the contribution of an azoreductase-encoding gene (azrS) from a pre-characterized azo dye decolorizing bacterial strain Bacillus sp. MR-1/2 in a high copy number host system (pUC19-T7-Top-T) of Escherichia coli strain DH5α followed by in-silico prediction of azoreductase enzyme (AzrS) function. The recombinant cells that contained azrS had a significantly higher rate of color removal in congo red and reactive black-5 dyes when compared to wild-type MR-1/2 and E. coli DH5α after 72 h of incubation. Moreover, we were able to show that the recombinant strain significantly reduced the values of all tested parameters (pH, EC, turbidity, TSS, and COD) in actual wastewater. In support of our results, it was also predicted through bioinformatics analysis that the deduced azoreductase protein of strain MR-1/2 is linked with the dye decolorization ability of the strain through NAD(P)H-ubiquinone: oxidoreductase activity. Furthermore, we also found that the deduced protein resembled closely related proteins of protein databank in many features, yet some unique features were predicted in the enzyme activity of strain MR-1/2. It was concluded that the recombinant strain could be examined in pilot-scale experiments for textile wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbas
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Mushtaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Iftikhar Cheema
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asaf Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Naqqash
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Manzoor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sher Muhammad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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