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Xu W, John Martin JJ, Li X, Liu X, Zhang R, Hou M, Cao H, Cheng S. Unveiling the Secrets of Oil Palm Genetics: A Look into Omics Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8625. [PMID: 39201312 PMCID: PMC11354864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oil palm is a versatile oil crop with numerous applications. Significant progress has been made in applying histological techniques in oil palm research in recent years. Whole genome sequencing of oil palm has been carried out to explain the function and structure of the order genome, facilitating the development of molecular markers and the construction of genetic maps, which are crucial for studying important traits and genetic resources in oil palm. Transcriptomics provides a powerful tool for studying various aspects of plant biology, including abiotic and biotic stresses, fatty acid composition and accumulation, and sexual reproduction, while proteomics and metabolomics provide opportunities to study lipid synthesis and stress responses, regulate fatty acid composition based on different gene and metabolite levels, elucidate the physiological mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses, and explain intriguing biological processes in oil palm. This paper summarizes the current status of oil palm research from a multi-omics perspective and hopes to provide a reference for further in-depth research on oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Pu’er 665000, China
| | - Jerome Jeyakumar John Martin
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Ruimin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Mingming Hou
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Hongxing Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (W.X.); (J.J.J.M.); (X.L.); (X.L.); (R.Z.); (M.H.)
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang 571339, China
| | - Shuanghong Cheng
- College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Pu’er 665000, China
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Yu A, Zou H, Li P, Yao X, Guo J, Sun R, Wang G, Xi X, Liu A. Global Transcriptomic Analyses Provide New Insight into the Molecular Mechanisms of Endocarp Formation and Development in Iron Walnut (Juglans sigillata Dode). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076543. [PMID: 37047516 PMCID: PMC10094949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron walnut (Juglans sigillata Dode) is a native species in southwestern China that exhibits variation in both fruit morphology and shell thickness. However, the underlying molecular processes controlling hardened endocarp development in walnut has not yet been reported. Here, we generated transcriptional profiles of iron walnut endocarp at three developmental stages using “Dapao”, the most common commercial variety. Using pairwise comparisons between these three stages, a total of 8555 non-redundant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and more than one-half of the total DEGs exhibited significant differential expression in stage I as compared with stage II or stage III, suggesting that the first stage may ultimately determine the final characteristics of the mature walnut shell. Furthermore, in the clustering analysis of the above DEGs, 3682, 2349, and 2388 genes exhibited the highest expression in stages I, II, and III, respectively. GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that the major transcriptional variation among the three developmental stages was caused by differences in cell growth, plant hormones, metabolic process, and phenylpropanoid metabolism. Namely, using the tissue-specific expression analysis and a gene co-expression network, we identified MADS-box transcription factor JsiFBP2 and bHLH transcription factor JsibHLH94 as candidate regulators of endocarp formation in the early stage, and JsiNAC56 and JsiMYB78 might play key roles in regulating the lignification process of endocarp in the late stage. This study provides useful information for further research to dissect the molecular mechanisms governing the shell formation and development of iron walnut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmin Yu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Hanyu Zou
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiaowei Yao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jiayu Guo
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Gaosheng Wang
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xueliang Xi
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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Dou Y, Xia W, Mason AS, Huang D, Sun X, Fan H, Xiao Y. Developing functional markers for vitamin E biosynthesis in oil palm. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259684. [PMID: 34797841 PMCID: PMC8604351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E is essential for human health and plays positive roles in anti-oxidation. Previously, we detected large variation in vitamin E content among 161 oil palm accessions. In this study, twenty oil palm accessions with distinct variation in vitamin E contents (171.30 to 1 258.50 ppm) were selected for genetic variation analysis and developing functional markers associated with vitamin E contents. Thirty-seven homologous genes in oil palm belonging to vitamin E biosynthesis pathway were identified via BLASTP analysis, the lengths of which ranged from 426 to 25 717 bp (average 7 089 bp). Multiplex PCR sequencing for the 37 genes found 1 703 SNPs and 85 indels among the 20 oil palm accessions, with 226 SNPs locating in the coding regions. Clustering analysis for these polymorphic loci showed that the 20 oil palm accessions could be divided into five groups. Among these groups, group I included eight oil palm accessions whose vitamin E content (mean value: 893.50 ppm) was far higher than other groups (mean value 256.29 to 532.94 ppm). Correlation analysis between the markers and vitamin E traits showed that 134 SNP and 7 indel markers were significantly (p < 0.05) related with total vitamin E content. Among these functional markers, the indel EgTMT-1-24 was highly correlated with variation in vitamin E content, especially tocotrienol content. Our study identified a number of candidate function associated markers and provided clues for further research into molecular breeding for high vitamin E content oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Dou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xia
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Annaliese S. Mason
- Plant Breeding Department, The University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Dongyi Huang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Xiwei Sun
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Haikuo Fan
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, P.R. China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, P.R. China
- * E-mail: ,
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