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Urgessa OE, Koyamo R, Dinka H, Tefese K, Gemeda MT. Review on Desirable Microbial Phytases as a Poultry Feed Additive: Their Sources, Production, Enzymatic Evaluation, Market Size, and Regulation. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:9400374. [PMID: 38962397 PMCID: PMC11221984 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9400374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Poultry's digestive tract lacks hydrolytic phytase enzymes, which results in chelation of dietary minerals, vital amino acids, proteins, and carbohydrates, phytate-phosphate unavailability, and contamination of the environment due to phosphorus. Therefore, it is necessary to use exogenous microbial phytases as feed additive to chicken feed to catalyze the hydrolysis of dietary phytate. Potential sources of microbial isolates that produce desired phytases for chicken feed supplementation have been isolated from agricultural croplands. It is achievable to isolate phytase-producing bacteria isolates using both broth and agar phytase screening media. Potential substrates for submerged fermentation (SmF) for bacterial phytase production and solid-state fermentation (SSF) for fungal phytase production include rice and wheat bran. Following fermentation, saturated ammonium sulphate precipitation is typically used to partially purify microbial culture filtrate. The precipitate is then desalted. Measurements of the pH optimum and stability, temperature optimum and stability, metal ions stability, specificity and affinity to target substrate, proteolysis resistance, storage stability, and in vitro feed dephosphorylation are used to perform an enzymatic evaluation of phytase as an additive for poultry feed. The growth of the feed phytase market is primarily due to the expansion of chicken farms to meet the demand for meat and eggs from humans. The Food and Drug Administration in the USA and the European Food and Safety Authority are primarily in charge of putting rules pertaining to feed phytase use in chicken feed into effect. Conclusively, important components of the production of phytase additives for poultry feed include identifying a reliable source for potential microbe isolation, selecting an economical method of phytase production, thoroughly characterizing the biochemical properties of phytase, and comprehending the size and regulation of the current feed phytase market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olyad Erba Urgessa
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Rufael Koyamo
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Hunduma Dinka
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Ketema Tefese
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Tafesse Gemeda
- Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Vashishth A, Tehri N, Tehri P, Sharma A, Sharma AK, Kumar V. Unraveling the potential of bacterial phytases for sustainable management of phosphorous. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:1690-1706. [PMID: 37042496 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorous actively participates in numerous metabolic and regulatory activities of almost all living organisms including animals and humans. Therefore, it is considered as an essential macronutrient required supporting their proper growth. On contrary, phytic acid (PA), an antinutritional substance, is widely known for its strong affinity to chelate essential mineral ions including PO4 3- , Ca2+ , Fe2+ , Mg2+ , and Zn2+ . Being one the major reservoir of PO4 3- ions, PA has great potential to bind PO4 3- ions in diverse range of foods. Once combined with P, PA transforms into an undigested and insoluble complex namely phytate. Produced phytate leads to a notable reduction in the bioavailability of P due to negligible activity of phytases in monogastric animals and humans. This highlights the importance and consequent need of enhancement of phytase level in these life forms. Interestingly, phytases, catalyzing the breakdown of phytate complex and recycling the phosphate into ecosystem to its available form, have naturally been reported in a variety of plants and microorganisms over past few decades. In pursuit of a reliable solution, the focus of this review is to explore the keynote potential of bacterial phytases for sustainable management of phosphorous via efficient utilization of soil phytate. The core of the review covers detailed discussion on bacterial phytases along with their widely reported applications viz. biofertilizers, phosphorus acquisition, and plant growth promotion. Moreover, meticulous description on fermentation-based strategies and future trends on bacterial phytases have also been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Vashishth
- Department of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nimisha Tehri
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Piyush Tehri
- Department of Applied Sciences, MIET, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Avinash Sharma
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Arunachal University of Studies, Namsai, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, India
| | - Vineet Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
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Nuge T, Hayyan A, A. M. Elgharbawy A, Mohd. Salleh H, Jun Yong Y, Kamarudin AF, Hizaddin HF, Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim Y, Liu X, Saleh J, Ibrahim Daoud J, S.M. Aljohani A, Alhumaydhi FA, Zulkifli M, Roslan Mohd Nor M, Al Abdulmonem W. Enhanced large-scale production of recombinant phytase in E. coli DH5 α: Medium components optimization and thermodynamic studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Phytase-Producing Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1 Promotes Seed Germination and Growth in Corn ( Zea mays L.). Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081647. [PMID: 34442724 PMCID: PMC8400716 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytase plays an important role in crop seed germination and plant growth. In order to fully understand the plant growth-promoting mechanism by Rahnella aquatilis JZ-GX1, the effect of this strain on germination of maize seeds was determined in vitro, and the colonization of maize root by R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 was observed by scanning electron microscope. Different inoculum concentrations and Phytate-related soil properties were applied to investigate the effect of R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 on the growth of maize seedlings. The results showed that R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 could effectively secrete indole acetic acid and had significantly promoted seed germination and root length of maize. A large number of R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 cells colonized on the root surface, root hair and the root interior of maize. When the inoculation concentration was 107 cfu/mL and the insoluble organophosphorus compound phytate existed in the soil, the net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, phytase activity secreted by roots, total phosphorus concentration and biomass accumulation of maize seedlings were the highest. In contrast, no significant effect of inoculation was found when the total P content was low or when inorganic P was sufficient in the soil. R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 promotes the growth of maize directly by secreting IAA and indirectly by secreting phytase. This work provides beneficial information for the development and application of R. aquatilis JZ-GX1 as a microbial fertilizer in the future.
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Singh B, Kumar G, Kumar V, Singh D. Enhanced Phytase Production by Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis in Solid State Fermentation and its Utility in Improving Food Nutrition. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:1083-1089. [PMID: 34303326 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210720142359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytic acid acts as anti-nutritional factor in food and feed ingredients for monogastric animals as they lack phytases. OBJECTIVE Phytase production by Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 was studied in solid state fermentation and its applicability in dephytinization of food Methods: Bacterial culture was grown in solid state fermentation using wheat bran and various culture conditions were optimized using 'One variable at a time' (OVAT) approach. Effects of different substrates (wheat bran, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse), incubation time (24, 48, 72 and 96 h), incubation temperatures (25, 30, 35 and 40 oC), pH (4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0) and moisture content (1:1.5, 1:2.0, 1:2.5 and 1:3) were studied on phytase production. Bacterial phytase was used in dephytinization of food samples. RESULTS Optimization of phytase production was studied in solid state fermentation (SSF) using 'One variable at a time' (OVAT) approach. Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 grew well in various agroresidues in SSF and secreted high enzyme titres using wheat bran at 30 oC and pH 5.0 after incubation time of 48 h with substrate to moisture ratio of 1:3. Glucose and ammonium sulphate supplementation to wheat bran further enhanced phytase production in SSF. Optimization of phytase production resulted in 2.4-fold improvement in phytase production in solid state fermentation. The enzyme resulted in dephytinization of wheat and rice flours with concomitant release of inorganic phosphate, reducing sugar and soluble protein. CONCLUSION Optimization resulted in 2.34-fold enhancement in phytase production by bacterial culture that showed dephytinization of food ingredients with concomitant release of nutritional components. Therefore, phytase of B. subtilis subsp. subtilis JJBS250 could find application in improving nutritional quality of food and feed of monogastric animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijender Singh
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | - Gurprit Kumar
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh-123031, Haryana, India
| | - Davender Singh
- Department of Physics, RPS Degree College, Balana, Satnali Road, Mahendergarh-123029, Haryana, India
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Blibech M, Farhat-Khemakhem A, Kriaa M, Aslouj R, Boukhris I, Alghamdi OA, Chouayekh H. Optimization of β-mannanase production by Bacillus subtilis US191 using economical agricultural substrates. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2989. [PMID: 32134202 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Bacillus subtilis US191 strain producing highly thermostable β-mannanase was previously selected as potential probiotic candidate for application as feed supplement in poultry industry. Initially, the level of extracellular β-mannanase production by this strain was 1.48 U ml-1 . To improve this enzyme titer, the present study was undertaken to optimize the fermentation conditions through experimental designs and valorization of agro-industrial byproducts. Using the Plackett-Burman design, in submerged fermentation, a set of 14 culture variables was evaluated in terms of their effects on β-mannanase production. Locust bean gum (LBG), soymeal, temperature, and inoculum size were subsequently optimized by response surface methodology using Box-Behnken design. Under optimized conditions (1 g L-1 LBG, 8 g L-1 soymeal, temperature of 30°C and inoculum size of 1010 CFU ml-1 ), a 2.59-fold enhancement in β-mannanase titer was achieved. Next, to decrease the enzyme production cost, the effect of partial substitution of LBG (1 g L-1 ) by agro-industrial byproducts was investigated, and a Taguchi design was applied. This allowed the attaining of a β-mannanase production level of 8.75 U ml-1 in presence of 0.25 g L-1 LBG, 5 g L-1 of coffee residue powder, 5 g L-1 of date seeds powder, and 5 g L-1 of prickly pear seeds powder as mannans sources. Overall, a 5.91-fold improvement in β-mannanase production by B. subtilis US191 was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Blibech
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ameny Farhat-Khemakhem
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Kriaa
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rania Aslouj
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ines Boukhris
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Othman A Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hichem Chouayekh
- Laboratoire de Microorganismes et de Biomolécules, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.,Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Mohamed I, Eid KE, Abbas MHH, Salem AA, Ahmed N, Ali M, Shah GM, Fang C. Use of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizae to improve the growth and nutrient utilization of common bean in a soil infected with white rot fungi. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:539-548. [PMID: 30641315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides led to dangerous ecological effects and therefore the biological approaches have been widely recommended to prevent further deterioration for the environment. The current study was conducted to explore the potentiality of using single or combined inoculations by mycorrhizae, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescence for controlling the infection of common bean plants with Sclerotium rolfsii on one hand and as bio-fertilizers for improving plants nutritional status on the other hand. The soil of study was mildly infected with S. rolfsii and contained high total-P content. Thus, minimal P inputs were added to the inoculated soil in the form of rock phosphate. Activities of plant defense enzymes i.e. chitinase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were determined under the greenhouse conditions and the results obtained herein indicated that activities of such enzymes increased significantly owing to bio-agent inoculations. In this concern, combined treatments resulted in further significant increases over the single ones. A field study was then conducted for two successive years and the results reveal that single inoculations increased straw and green pod yields as well as the uptake of P and Fe by plants as compared with the non-inoculated treatment. Combined inoculants recorded further significant increases in these parameters even when compared with the fungicide treated plants. Generally, straw and pod yields obtained from the second growing season were significantly higher than those attained in the first growing one. Our study confirms the success of the used bio-treatments in minimizing soil pollution through fertilizer and/or pesticide inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Mohamed
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China; Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt; China Program of International Plant Nutrition Institute, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Khaled E Eid
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H H Abbas
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Salem
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Nevin Ahmed
- Benha University, Benha, Al-Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Maha Ali
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Ghulam Mustafa Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Chen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430074, China; China Program of International Plant Nutrition Institute, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Extracellular Phytase Production by the Wine Yeast S. cerevisiae (Finarome Strain) during Submerged Fermentation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040848. [PMID: 29642482 PMCID: PMC6017649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key steps in the production of phytases of microbial origin is selection of culture parameters, followed by isolation of the enzyme and evaluation of its catalytic activity. It was found that conditions for S. cerevisiae yeast culture, strain Finarome, giving the reduction in phytic acid concentration of more than 98% within 24 h of incubation were as follows: pH 5.5, 32 °C, continuous stirring at 80 rpm, the use of mannose as a carbon source and aspartic acid as a source of nitrogen. The highest catalytic activity of the isolated phytase was observed at 37 °C, pH 4.0 and using phytate as substrate at concentration of 5.0 mM. The presence of ethanol in the medium at a concentration of 12% v/v reduces the catalytic activity to above 60%. Properties of phytase derived from S. cerevisiae yeast culture, strain Finarome, indicate the possibility of its application in the form of a cell’s free crude protein isolate for the hydrolysis of phytic acid to improve the efficiency of alcoholic fermentation processes. Our results also suggest a possibility to use the strain under study to obtain a fusant derived with specialized distillery strains, capable of carrying out a highly efficient fermentation process combined with the utilization of phytates.
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Rocky-Salimi K, Hashemi M, Safari M, Mousivand M. Valorisation of untreated cane molasses for enhanced phytase production by Bacillus subtilis K46b and its potential role in dephytinisation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:222-229. [PMID: 26991843 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high cost of phytase production is the most limiting factor in its application in animal feeds. The present study aimed to develop a low-cost medium for production of a novel phytase in submerged fermentation using inexpensive agro-industrial by-products. The applicability of phytase in dephytinisation of commonly used food/feed ingredients, i.e. soybean meal and wheat bran, was also investigated. RESULTS Using a one-factor-at-a-time approach, soybean meal and cane molasses were identified as significant agro-industrial by-products and these factors were subsequently optimised using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design was employed to further enhance phytase yield. Under optimum conditions of soybean meal 22.3 g L-1 , cane molasses 100 g L-1 and 39 h fermentation, phytase production increased to 56.562 U mL-1 , indicating more than 28-fold enhancement. The enzyme efficiently dephytinised wheat bran and soybean meal after 24 h incubation at 56.5 °C and increased inorganic phosphate content by 240% and 155%, respectively. CONCLUSION Soybean meal and cane molasses were successfully used for enhancement of phytase production as economical carbon, nitrogen and phytic acid sources using RSM. The phytase showed a good capability to dephytinise wheat bran and soybean meal, demonstrating that the enzyme can be considered as a potential candidate for industrial food and feed applications. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Rocky-Salimi
- Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 3135933151, 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 3135933151, 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Safari
- Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
- Center of Excellence for Application of Modern Technology for Producing Functional Foods and Drinks, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Mousivand
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P.O. Box 3135933151, 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
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Abd-ElAziem F, Abdulelah, N. TA, Othman A, Salih B. Inducible secretion of phytate-degrading enzymes from bacteria associated with the medical plant Rosa damascena cv. Taifi using rice bran. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 14:425-433. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2014.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Isolation and molecular characterization of thermostable phytase from Bacillus subtilis (BSPhyARRMK33). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:3058-67. [PMID: 25588529 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The thermostable phytase gene was isolated from Bacillus subtilis ARRMK33 (BsPhyARRMK33). The gene has an ORF of 1152 bp and that encodes a protein of 383 amino acids. Sequence analysis showed high homology with Bacillus sp. phytase proteins, but no similarity was found with other phytases. SDS-PAGE analysis exhibited a predicted molecular mass of 42 kDa. Homology modeling of BsPhyARRMK33 protein based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens crystal structure disclosed its β-propeller structure. BsPhyARRMK33 recombinant plasmid in pET-28a(+) was expressed in Rosetta gami B DE3 cells and the maximum phytase activity 15.3 U mg(-1) obtained. The enzyme exhibits high thermostability at various temperatures and broad pH ranges. The recombinant protein retained 74% of its original activity after incubation at 95 °C for 10 min. In the presence of Ca(2+), the recombinant phytase activity was maximal where as it was inhibited by EDTA. The optimal pH and temperature for the recombinant phytase activity is achieved at 7.0 and 55 °C, respectively. Thermostable nature and wide range of pH are promising features of recombinant BsPhyARRMK33 protein that may be employed as an efficient alternative to commercially known phytases and thereby alleviate environmental eutrophication.
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Abstract
A focused platform for phytase bio-processing and application oriented research will help in developing an integrated technological solution to phytase production.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Bhavsar
- NCIM Resource Center
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008, India
| | - J. M. Khire
- NCIM Resource Center
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008, India
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Awad GEA, Helal MMI, Danial EN, Esawy MA. Optimization of phytase production by Penicillium purpurogenum GE1 under solid state fermentation by using Box-Behnken design. Saudi J Biol Sci 2013; 21:81-8. [PMID: 24596503 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytase production by Penicillium purpurogenum GE1 isolated from soil around bean root nodules was investigated by solid state fermentation (SSF) using mixed substrates consisted of corn cob and corn bran. The SSF conditions were optimized by using one-variable-at-a-time strategy. The optimum conditions for phytase production were at 27 °C, pH 8 and 66% moisture content. The study of different carbon and nitrogen sources revealed that glucose and peptone registered the highest enzyme productivity (92 ± 5.6 U/g ds, 125 ± 4.9 U/g ds). Among different surfactants, maximum phytase productivity was observed with Tween 80 at 0.001 concentrations (170 ± 4.2 U/g ds). A Box-Behnken design was employed to investigate the optimization of the most significant variables affecting the enzyme production. Maximal phytase production was detected after the addition of (g/5 g ds): 0.75 glucose, 0.375 peptone and 0, 01 tween 80. This result represented an improvement in phytase production of 2.6 folds when compared to that previously obtained using the basal medium under the same cultivation conditions. The generated model was found to be very adequate for phytase production (90% accuracy) as the experimental value was 444 ± 3.5 U/g ds compared to 401 U/g ds for the predicted value. In brief, the production of phytase using corn cob and corn bran is a novel and cheap way for the production of this important enzyme and opens a new way for researchers to discover and explore this arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada E A Awad
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M I Helal
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas N Danial
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Girls Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona A Esawy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Kumar P, Chamoli S, Agrawal S. Enhanced phytase production fromAchromobactersp. PB-01 using wheat bran as substrate: Prospective application for animal feed. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 28:1432-42. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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