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Kee NG, Kim HS, Choi H, Kim HJ, Seo YR. Genomic Approach to the Assessment of Adverse Effects of Particulate Matters on Skin Cancer and Other Disorders and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms. J Cancer Prev 2021; 26:153-161. [PMID: 34703818 PMCID: PMC8511580 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2021.26.3.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollutants are in the spotlight because the human body can easily be exposed to them. Among air pollutants, the particulate matter (PM) represents one of the most serious toxicants that can enter the human body through various exposure routes. PMs have various adverse effects and classified as severe carcinogen by International Agency for Research on Cancer. Their physical and chemical characteristics are distinguished by their size. In this review, we summarized the published information on the physicochemical characteristics and adverse effects of PMs on the skin, including carcinogenicity. Through comparisons of biological networks constructed from relationships discussed in the previous scientific publications, we show it is possible to predict skin cancers and other disorders from particle-size-specific signaling alterations of PM-responsive genes. Our review not only helps to grasp the biological association between ambient PMs and skin diseases including cancer, but also provides new approaches to interpret chemical-gene-disease associations regarding the adverse effects of these heterogeneous particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Gook Kee
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Choi
- Bioscience Lab., R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin, Korea
| | - Hyoung-June Kim
- Bioscience Lab., R&D Unit, AmorePacific Corporation, Yongin, Korea
| | - Young Rok Seo
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang, Korea
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2
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Loxham M, Woo J, Singhania A, Smithers NP, Yeomans A, Packham G, Crainic AM, Cook RB, Cassee FR, Woelk CH, Davies DE. Upregulation of epithelial metallothioneins by metal-rich ultrafine particulate matter from an underground railway. Metallomics 2020; 12:1070-1082. [PMID: 32297622 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. However, understanding of the range and mechanisms of effects of PM components is poor. PM generated in underground railways is rich in metals, especially iron. In the ultrafine (UFPM; <0.1 μm diameter) fraction, the combination of small size and metal enrichment poses an unknown health risk. This study aimed to analyse transcriptomic responses to underground UFPM in primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs), a key site of PM deposition. The oxidation state of iron in UFPM from an underground station was determined by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Antioxidant response was assayed using a reporter cell line transfected with an antioxidant response element (ARE)-luciferase construct. Differentiated PBECs were exposed to UFPM for 6 h or 24 h for RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analysis. XANES showed predominance of redox-active Fe3O4, with ROS generation confirmed by induction of ARE-luciferase expression. 6 h exposure of PBECs to UFPM identified 52 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), especially associated with epithelial maintenance, whereas 24 h exposure yielded 23 DEGs, particularly involved with redox homeostasis and metal binding. At both timepoints, there was upregulation of members of the metallothionein family, low molecular weight proteins with antioxidant activity whose main function is binding and homeostasis of zinc and copper ions, but not iron ions. This upregulation was partially inhibited by metal chelation or ROS scavenging. These data suggest differential regulation of responses to metal-rich UFPM depending on exposure period, and highlight novel pathways and markers of PM exposure, with the role of metallothioneins warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Loxham
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD. and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD and Institute for Life Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ and Southampton Marine and Maritime Institute, University of Southampton, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, Southampton, UKSO16 7QF
| | - Jeongmin Woo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Akul Singhania
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Natalie P Smithers
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Alison Yeomans
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD
| | - Graham Packham
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD
| | - Alina M Crainic
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology (nCATS), Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
| | - Richard B Cook
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology (nCATS), Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment, and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands and Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher H Woelk
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Donna E Davies
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD. and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD and Institute for Life Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
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3
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Popadić D, Heßelbach K, Richter-Brockmann S, Kim GJ, Flemming S, Schmidt-Heck W, Häupl T, Bonin M, Dornhof R, Achten C, Günther S, Humar M, Merfort I. Gene expression profiling of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) from biomass combustion. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 347:10-22. [PMID: 29596927 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Popadić
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Heßelbach
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Richter-Brockmann
- Institute of Geology and Palaeontology - Applied Geology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Gwang-Jin Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Flemming
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt-Heck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knöll-Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Bonin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Regina Dornhof
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christine Achten
- Institute of Geology and Palaeontology - Applied Geology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Bioinformatics, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matjaz Humar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Irmgard Merfort
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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4
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A study of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of particulate matter (PM2.5) in human lung epithelial cells (A549). Mol Cell Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-018-0018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Yan J, Lai CH, Lung SCC, Chen C, Wang WC, Huang PI, Lin CH. Industrial PM 2.5 cause pulmonary adverse effect through RhoA/ROCK pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1658-1666. [PMID: 28535594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
According to the Chinese Ministry of Health, industrial pollution-induced health impacts have been the leading cause of death in China. While industrial fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with adverse health effects, the major action mechanisms of different compositions of PM2.5 are currently unclear. In this study, we treated normal human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells with industrial organic and water-soluble PM2.5 extracts under daily alveolar deposition dose to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying adverse pulmonary effects induced by PM2.5, including oxidative damage, inflammatory response, lung epithelial barrier dysfunction, and the recruitment of macrophages. We found that water-soluble PM2.5 extracts caused more severe cytotoxic effects on BEAS-2B cells compared with that of organic extracts. Both organic and water-soluble PM2.5 extracts induced activation of the RhoA/ROCK pathway. Inflammatory response, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and the activation of NF-кB caused by both PM2.5 extracts were attenuated by ROCK inhibitor Y-27632. This indicated that both PM2.5 extracts could cause damage to epithelial cells through RhoA/ROCK-dependent NF-кB activation. Furthermore, the upregulation of macrophage adhesion induced by both PM2.5 extracts was also attenuated by Y-27632 in a co-culture model of macrophages and the epithelial cells. Therefore, our results support that industrial PM2.5 extracts-induced activation of the RhoA/ROCK-dependent NF-кB pathway induces pulmonary adverse effect. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of ROCK activation might have therapeutic potential in preventing lung disease associated with PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Chia-Hsiang Lai
- Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan
| | | | - Chongjun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Wang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin 63208, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yunlin 63208, Taiwan.
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Roper C, Chubb LG, Cambal L, Tunno B, Clougherty JE, Fattman C, Mischler SE. Association of IL-6 with PM 2.5 Components: Importance of Characterizing Filter-Based PM 2.5 Following Extraction. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2017; 228:43. [PMID: 28989204 PMCID: PMC5628506 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-016-3219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Filter-based toxicology studies are conducted to establish the biological plausibility of the well-established health impacts associated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure. Ambient PM2.5 collected on filters is extracted into solution for toxicology applications, but frequently, characterization is nonexistent or only performed on filter-based PM2.5, without consideration of compositional differences that occur during the extraction processes. To date, the impact of making associations to measured components in ambient instead of extracted PM2.5 has not been investigated. Filter-based PM2.5 was collected at locations (n = 5) and detailed characterization of both ambient and extracted PM2.5 was performed. Alveolar macrophages (AMJ2-C11) were exposed (3, 24, and 48 h) to PM2.5 and the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 was measured. IL-6 release differed significantly between PM2.5 collected from different locations; surprisingly, IL-6 release was highest following treatment with PM2.5 from the lowest ambient concentration location. IL-6 was negatively correlated with the sum of ambient metals analyzed, as well as with concentrations of specific constituents which have been previously associated with respiratory health effects. However, positive correlations of IL-6 with extracted concentrations indicated that the negative associations between IL-6 and ambient concentrations do not accurately represent the relationship between inflammation and PM2.5 exposure. Additionally, seven organic compounds had significant associations with IL-6 release when considering ambient concentrations, but they were not detected in the extracted solution. Basing inflammatory associations on ambient concentrations that are not necessarily representative of in vitro exposures creates misleading results; this study highlights the importance of characterizing extraction solutions to conduct accurate health impact research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Roper
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren G Chubb
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Office of Mine Safety and Health Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Leah Cambal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brett Tunno
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jane E Clougherty
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Cheryl Fattman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven E Mischler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Office of Mine Safety and Health Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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7
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Jeong SC, Song MK, Cho Y, Lee E, Ryu JC. Integrative analysis of mRNA and microRNA expression of a human alveolar epithelial cell(A549) exposed to water and organic-soluble extract from particulate matter (PM) 2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:302-310. [PMID: 26791009 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is now attracting attention as a powerful negative regulator of messenger RNA(mRNA) levels, and is implicated in the modulation of important mRNA networks involved in toxicity. In this study, we assessed the effects of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5 ), one of the most significant air pollutants, on miRNA and target gene expression. We exposed human alveolar epithelial cell (A549) to two types of PM2.5 [water (W-PM2.5 ) and organic (O-PM2.5 ) soluble extracts] and performed miRNA microarray analysis. A total of 37 miRNAs and 62 miRNAs were altered 1.3-fold in W-PM2.5 and O-PM2.5 , respectively. Integrated analyses of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles identified negative correlations between miRNA and mRNA in both W-PM2.5 and O-PM2.5 exposure groups. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed that the 35 W-PM2.5 target genes are involved in responses to nutrients, positive regulation of biosynthetic processes, positive regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, and nucleotide, and nucleic acid metabolic processes; while the 69 O-PM2.5 target genes are involved in DNA replication, cell cycle processes, the M phase, and the cell cycle check point. We suggest that these target genes may play important roles in PM2.5 -induced respiratory toxicity by miRNA regulation. These results demonstrate an integrated miRNA-mRNA approach for identifying molecular events induced by environmental pollutants in an in vitro human model. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 302-310, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Chan Jeong
- Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University, Korea Project for Reducing Light Pollution Effects to Human and Ecosystem, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Song
- Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
| | - Yoon Cho
- Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
| | - Eunil Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University, Korea Project for Reducing Light Pollution Effects to Human and Ecosystem, Korea
| | - Jae-Chun Ryu
- Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Gajeong-Ro 217, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-350, Korea
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8
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Integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA profiles in response to myricetin in human endothelial cells. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-015-9309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Song MK, Lee HS, Ryu JC. Integrated analysis of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles highlights aldehyde-induced inflammatory responses in cells relevant for lung toxicity. Toxicology 2015; 334:111-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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