1
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Korkola NC, Ostertag AL, Toswell E, Stillman MJ. Bi(III) Binding Stoichiometry and Domain-Specificity Differences Between Apo and Zn(II)-bound Human Metallothionein 1a. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304216. [PMID: 38356034 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Bismuth is a xenobiotic metal with a high affinity to sulfur that is used in a variety of therapeutic applications. Bi(III) induces the cysteine-rich metallothionein (MT), a protein known to form two-domain cluster structures with certain metals such as Zn(II), Cd(II), or Cu(I). The binding of Bi(III) to MTs has been previously studied, but there are conflicting reports on the stoichiometry and binding pathway, which appear to be highly dependent on pH and initial metal-loading status of the MT. Additionally, domain specificity has not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, ESI-MS was used to determine the binding constants of [Bi(EDTA)]- binding to apo-MT1a and its individual αMT fragment. The results were compared to previous experiments using βMT1a and βαMT3. Domain specificity was investigated using proteolysis methods and the initial cooperatively formed Bi2MT was found to bind to cysteines that spanned across the traditional metal binding domain regions. Titrations of [Bi(EDTA)]- into Zn7MT were performed and were found to result in a maximum stoichiometry of Bi7MT, contrasting the Bi6MT formed when [Bi(EDTA)]- was added to apo-MT. These results show that the initial structure of the apo-MT determines the stoichiometry of new incoming metals and explains the previously observed differences in stoichiometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Korkola
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Anne-Lena Ostertag
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Alle 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Emily Toswell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - Martin J Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
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2
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Wang J, Wei X, Wu CX, Zhang X, Wei YJ, Liu JH, Wang Y, Chen ML, Wang JH. Interaction of Cellular Uptake of Nanosilver and Metallothionein Stress Expression Elucidated by 2D Single-Cell Analyses Based on LIF and ICP-MS. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16176-16184. [PMID: 37879040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of cytology mechanisms of nanosilver uptake, toxicity, and detoxification has become an important issue due to its widespread applications. Previous studies have shown differences in the toxic response of mammalian cells to nanosilver. However, the analysis results based on cell populations ignore the impact of cell uptake heterogeneity on the expression of associated stress proteins and cellular physiological activities. In this respect, this work investigated the interaction between silver uptake and metallothionein (MT) expression in individual cells. In addition, we have also preliminarily elucidated the sensitivity variation to AgNPs by using five cell lines, e.g., LX-2, HepG-2, SK-HEP-1, Huh-7, and MDA-MB-231, by adopting a two-dimensional (2D) high-throughput single-cell analysis platform coupling laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). We developed a 2D data analysis method for one-to-one unification of fluorescence-mass spectrometry signals corresponding to a specific single cell. It indicated that there is no obvious correlation between cellular silver uptake and cell size, and the low MT expression of cells is more sensitive to silver nanoparticles. For each cell line, significant heterogeneity in MT expression was observed. This provides important information for understanding the potential heterogeneous effects of nanosilver on mammalian biological systems. Overall, detoxified cells are more tolerant to nanosilver and normal cells are more tolerant than cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Cheng-Xin Wu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yu-Jia Wei
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jin-Hui Liu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Ming-Li Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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3
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Melenbacher A, Stillman MJ. Metallothionein-3: 63 Cu(I) binds to human 68 Zn 7 -βα MT3 with no preference for Cu 4 -β cluster formation. FEBS J 2023; 290:4316-4341. [PMID: 37165729 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Human metallothioneins (MTs) are involved in binding the essential elements, Cu(I) and Zn(II), and the toxic element, Cd(II), in metal-thiolate clusters using 20 reduced cysteines. The brain-specific MT3 binds a mixture of Cu(I) and Zn(II) in vivo. Its metallation properties are critically important because of potential connections between Cu, Zn and neurodegenerative diseases. We report that the use of isotopically pure 63 Cu(I) and 68 Zn(II) greatly enhances the element resolution in the ESI-mass spectral data revealing species with differing Cu:Zn ratios but the same total number of metals. Room temperature phosphorescence and circular dichroism spectral data measured in parallel with ESI-mass spectral data identified the presence of specific Cu(I)-thiolate clusters in the presence of Zn(II). A series of Cu(I)-thiolate clusters form following Cu(I) addition to apo MT3: the two main clusters that form are a Cu6 cluster in the β domain followed by a Cu4 cluster in the α domain. 63 Cu(I) addition to 68 Zn7 -MT3 results in multiple species, including clustered Cu5 Zn5 -MT3 and Cu9 Zn3 -MT3. We assign the domain location of the metals for Cu5 Zn5 -MT3 as a Cu5 Zn1 -β cluster and a Zn4 -α cluster and for Cu9 Zn3 -MT3 as a Cu6 -β cluster and a Cu3 Zn3 -α cluster. While many reports of the average MT3 metal content exist, determining the exact Cu,Zn stoichiometry has proven very difficult even with native ESI-MS. The work in this paper solves the ambiguity introduced by the overlap of the naturally abundant Cu(I) and Zn(II) isotopes. Contrary to other reports, there is no indication of a major fraction of Cu4 -β-Znn -α-MT3 forming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adyn Melenbacher
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Martin J Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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4
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Peris-Díaz MD, Wu S, Mosna K, Liggett E, Barkhanskiy A, Orzeł A, Barran P, Krężel A. Structural Characterization of Cu(I)/Zn(II)-metallothionein-3 by Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry and Top-Down Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:10966-10974. [PMID: 37440218 PMCID: PMC10372872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian zinc metallothionein-3 (Zn7MT3) plays an important role in protecting against copper toxicity by scavenging free Cu(II) ions or removing Cu(II) bound to β-amyloid and α-synuclein. While previous studies reported that Zn7MT3 reacts with Cu(II) ions to form Cu(I)4Zn(II)4MT3ox containing two disulfides (ox), the precise localization of the metal ions and disulfides remained unclear. Here, we undertook comprehensive structural characterization of the metal-protein complexes formed by the reaction between Zn7MT3 and Cu(II) ions using native ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS). The complex formation mechanism was found to involve the disassembly of Zn3S9 and Zn4S11 clusters from Zn7MT3 and reassembly into Cu(I)xZn(II)yMT3ox complexes rather than simply Zn(II)-to-Cu(I) exchange. At neutral pH, the β-domain was shown to be capable of binding up to six Cu(I) ions to form Cu(I)6Zn(II)4MT3ox, although the most predominant species was the Cu(I)4Zn(II)4MT3ox complex. Under acidic conditions, four Zn(II) ions dissociate, but the Cu(I)4-thiolate cluster remains stable, highlighting the MT3 role as a Cu(II) scavenger even at lower than the cytosolic pH. IM-derived collision cross sections (CCS) reveal that Cu(I)-to-Zn(II) swap in Zn7MT3 with concomitant disulfide formation induces structural compaction and a decrease in conformational heterogeneity. Collision-induced unfolding (CIU) experiments estimated that the native-like folded Cu(I)4Zn(II)4MT3ox conformation is more stable than Zn7MT3. Native top-down MS demonstrated that the Cu(I) ions are exclusively bound to the β-domain in the Cu(I)4Zn(II)4MT3ox complex as well as the two disulfides, serving as a steric constraint for the Cu(I)4-thiolate cluster. In conclusion, this study enhances our comprehension of the structure, stability, and dynamics of Cu(I)xZn(II)yMT3ox complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel David Peris-Díaz
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United
Kingdom
| | - Sylwia Wu
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Mosna
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ellen Liggett
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United
Kingdom
| | - Alexey Barkhanskiy
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United
Kingdom
| | - Alicja Orzeł
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Perdita Barran
- Michael
Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United
Kingdom
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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5
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Peris-Díaz MD, Barkhanskiy A, Liggett E, Barran P, Krężel A. Ion mobility mass spectrometry and molecular dynamics simulations unravel the conformational stability of zinc metallothionein-2 species. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4471-4474. [PMID: 36960761 PMCID: PMC10089061 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06559b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) unraveled different conformational stability in Zn4-7-metallothionein-2. We introduced a new molecular dynamics simulation approach that permitted the exploration of all of the conformational space confirming the experimental data, and revealed that not only the Zn-S bonds but also the α-β domain interactions modulate protein unfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel David Peris-Díaz
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Alexey Barkhanskiy
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Ellen Liggett
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Perdita Barran
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
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6
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García-Risco M, Calatayud S, Pedrini-Martha V, Albalat R, Dallinger R, Palacios Ò, Capdevila M. Metal-Specificity Divergence between Metallothioneins of Nerita peloronta (Neritimorpha, Gastropoda) Sets the Starting Point for a Novel Chemical MT Classification Proposal. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13114. [PMID: 34884919 PMCID: PMC8658704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins' (MTs) biological function has been a matter of debate since their discovery. The importance to categorize these cysteine-rich proteins with high coordinating capacity into a specific group led to numerous classification proposals. We proposed a classification based on their metal-binding abilities, gradually sorting them from those with high selectivity towards Zn/Cd to those that are Cu-specific. However, the study of the NpeMT1 and NpeMT2isoforms of Nerita peloronta, has put a new perspective on this classification. N. peloronta has been chosen as a representative mollusk to elucidate the metal-binding abilities of Neritimorpha MTs, an order without any MTs characterized recently. Both isoforms have been recombinantly synthesized in cultures supplemented with ZnII, CdII, or CuII, and the purified metal-MT complexes have been thoroughly characterized by spectroscopic and spectrometric methods, leading to results that confirmed that Neritimorpha share Cd-selective MTs with Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia, solving a so far unresolved question. NpeMTs show high coordinating preferences towards divalent metal ions, although one of them (NpeMT1) shares features with the so-called genuine Zn-thioneins, while the other (NpeMT2) exhibits a higher preference for Cd. The dissimilarities between the two isoforms let a window open to a new proposal of chemical MT classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario García-Risco
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (Ò.P.)
| | - Sara Calatayud
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Veronika Pedrini-Martha
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Ricard Albalat
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Òscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (Ò.P.)
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (Ò.P.)
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7
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García-Risco M, Calatayud S, Niederwanger M, Albalat R, Palacios Ò, Capdevila M, Dallinger R. Two Unconventional Metallothioneins in the Apple Snail Pomacea bridgesii Have Lost Their Metal Specificity during Adaptation to Freshwater Habitats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010095. [PMID: 33374169 PMCID: PMC7796288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are a diverse group of proteins responsible for the control of metal homeostasis and detoxification. To investigate the impact that environmental conditions might have had on the metal-binding abilities of these proteins, we have characterized the MTs from the apple snail Pomacea bridgesii, a gastropod species belonging to the class of Caenogastropoda with an amphibious lifestyle facing diverse situations of metal bioavailability. P. bridgesii has two structurally divergent MTs, named PbrMT1 and PbrMT2, that are longer than other gastropod MTs due to the presence of extra sequence motifs and metal-binding domains. We have characterized the Zn(II), Cd(II), and Cu(I) binding abilities of these two MTs after their heterologous expression in E. coli. Our results have revealed that despite their structural differences, both MTs share an unspecific metal-binding character, and a great ability to cope with elevated amounts of different metal ions. Our analyses have also revealed slight divergences in their metal-binding features: PbrMT1 shows a more pronounced Zn(II)-thionein character than PbrMT2, while the latter has a stronger Cu(I)-thionein character. The characterization of these two unconventional PbrMTs supports the loss of the metal-binding specificity during the evolution of the MTs of the Ampullariid family, and further suggests an evolutionary link of this loss with the adaptation of these gastropod lineages to metal-poor freshwater habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario García-Risco
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (Ò.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Sara Calatayud
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Ricard Albalat
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; (S.C.); (R.A.)
| | - Òscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (Ò.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (M.G.-R.); (Ò.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
- Correspondence:
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8
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Peris-Díaz M, Guran R, Zitka O, Adam V, Krężel A. Metal- and Affinity-Specific Dual Labeling of Cysteine-Rich Proteins for Identification of Metal-Binding Sites. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12950-12958. [PMID: 32786475 PMCID: PMC7547867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, using human metallothionein (MT2) as an example, we describe an improved strategy based on differential alkylation coupled to MS, assisted by zinc probe monitoring, for identification of cysteine-rich binding sites with nanomolar and picomolar metal affinity utilizing iodoacetamide (IAM) and N-ethylmaleimide reagents. We concluded that an SN2 reaction provided by IAM is more suitable to label free Cys residues, avoiding nonspecific metal dissociation. Afterward, metal-bound Cys can be easily labeled in a nucleophilic addition reaction after separation by reverse-phase C18 at acidic pH. Finally, we evaluated the efficiency of the method by mapping metal-binding sites of Zn7-xMT species using a bottom-up MS approach with respect to metal-to-protein affinity and element(al) resolution. The methodology presented might be applied not only for MT2 but to identify metal-binding sites in other Cys-containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel
David Peris-Díaz
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roman Guran
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University
in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkynova
123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University
in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkynova
123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University
in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkynova
123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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9
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Abstract
Transition metals, such as iron, copper, and zinc, play a very important role in life as the regulators of various physiochemical reactions in cells. Abnormal distribution and concentration of these metals in the body are closely associated with various diseases including ischemic seizure, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cancer. Iron and copper are known to be mainly involved in in vivo redox reaction. Zinc controls a variety of intracellular metabolism via binding to lots of proteins in cells and altering their structure and function. Metallothionein-3 (MT3) is a representative zinc binding protein predominant in the brain. Although the role of MT3 in other organs still needs to be elucidated, many reports have suggested critical roles for the protein in the control of a variety of cellular homeostasis. Here, we review various biological functions of MT3, focusing on different cellular molecules and diseases involving MT3 in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Koh
- Neural Injury Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook-Jeong Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Wong DL, Yuan AT, Korkola NC, Stillman MJ. Interplay between Carbonic Anhydrases and Metallothioneins: Structural Control of Metalation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5697. [PMID: 32784815 PMCID: PMC7460868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and metallothioneins (MTs) are both families of zinc metalloproteins central to life, however, they coordinate and interact with their Zn2+ ion cofactors in completely different ways. CAs and MTs are highly sensitive to the cellular environment and play key roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In addition, CAs and MTs have multiple isoforms with differentiated regulation. This review discusses current literature regarding these two families of metalloproteins in carcinogenesis, with a dialogue on the association of these two ubiquitous proteins in vitro in the context of metalation. Metalation of CA by Zn-MT and Cd-MT is described. Evidence for protein-protein interactions is introduced from changes in metalation profiles of MT from electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and the metalation rate from stopped-flow kinetics. The implications on cellular control of pH and metal donation is also discussed in the context of diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Martin J. Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A5B7, Canada; (D.L.W.); (A.T.Y.); (N.C.K.)
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11
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Sakatoku A, Ishikawa M, Yamazaki K, Nakamachi T, Kamachi H, Tanaka D, Nakamura S. Molecular Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of a Metallothionein Gene from Septifer virgatus. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2020; 22:488-497. [PMID: 32435938 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a preliminary characterization of a metallothionein (MT) gene in Septifer virgatus and highlights its potential use in biomonitoring. The full-length SvMT cDNA and the complete sequence of the SvMT gene were identified using reverse transcriptase PCR coupled with the rapid amplification of cDNA ends and the primer walking method. The SvMT cDNA encodes a protein of 72 amino acids having nine classical Cys-X-Cys motifs. Moreover, the deduced amino acids contained the conserved motif (Cys-x-Cys-x(3)-Cys-Thr-Gly-x(3)-Cys-x-Cys-x(3)-Cys-x-Cys-Lys) of MT family 2. Its molecular mass and isoelectric point were estimated to be 7.01 kDa and 7.00, respectively. BLAST-based searching indicated that SvMT shared 81.0% amino acid sequence identity with Mytilus edulis MT-20-II. The SvMT gene has three coding exons and two introns. After exposure to 1 mg/L cadmium chloride, the expression of SvMT increased 15-fold by 3 days (d), with a maximum expression of 27-fold by 5 d compared with the pre-exposure level. After exposure to 2 mg/L zinc chloride, the expression of SvMT increased 2.5-fold by 3 d and 4.7-fold by 5 d compared with the pre-exposure level. A significant increase in the expression level of SvMT mRNA was observed after the exposure of S. virgatus to the combination of 0.003 mg/L cadmium chloride and 0.2 mg/L zinc chloride compared with the pre-exposure level. Our work indicates that the SvMT gene is associated with stress responses and could be a potential biomarker for marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Sakatoku
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan.
| | - Masahito Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kanna Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamachi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamachi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Shogo Nakamura
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
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12
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Loxham M, Woo J, Singhania A, Smithers NP, Yeomans A, Packham G, Crainic AM, Cook RB, Cassee FR, Woelk CH, Davies DE. Upregulation of epithelial metallothioneins by metal-rich ultrafine particulate matter from an underground railway. Metallomics 2020; 12:1070-1082. [PMID: 32297622 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. However, understanding of the range and mechanisms of effects of PM components is poor. PM generated in underground railways is rich in metals, especially iron. In the ultrafine (UFPM; <0.1 μm diameter) fraction, the combination of small size and metal enrichment poses an unknown health risk. This study aimed to analyse transcriptomic responses to underground UFPM in primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs), a key site of PM deposition. The oxidation state of iron in UFPM from an underground station was determined by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Antioxidant response was assayed using a reporter cell line transfected with an antioxidant response element (ARE)-luciferase construct. Differentiated PBECs were exposed to UFPM for 6 h or 24 h for RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analysis. XANES showed predominance of redox-active Fe3O4, with ROS generation confirmed by induction of ARE-luciferase expression. 6 h exposure of PBECs to UFPM identified 52 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), especially associated with epithelial maintenance, whereas 24 h exposure yielded 23 DEGs, particularly involved with redox homeostasis and metal binding. At both timepoints, there was upregulation of members of the metallothionein family, low molecular weight proteins with antioxidant activity whose main function is binding and homeostasis of zinc and copper ions, but not iron ions. This upregulation was partially inhibited by metal chelation or ROS scavenging. These data suggest differential regulation of responses to metal-rich UFPM depending on exposure period, and highlight novel pathways and markers of PM exposure, with the role of metallothioneins warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Loxham
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD. and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD and Institute for Life Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ and Southampton Marine and Maritime Institute, University of Southampton, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, Southampton, UKSO16 7QF
| | - Jeongmin Woo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Akul Singhania
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Natalie P Smithers
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Alison Yeomans
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD
| | - Graham Packham
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD
| | - Alina M Crainic
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology (nCATS), Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
| | - Richard B Cook
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology (nCATS), Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment, and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands and Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher H Woelk
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Donna E Davies
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD. and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD and Institute for Life Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
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13
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Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a family of cysteine-rich proteins that play key biological roles for a wide range of metal ions, but unlike many other metalloproteins, the structures of apo- and partially metalated MTs are not well understood. Here, we combine nano-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and nano-ESI-ion mobility (IM)-MS with collision-induced unfolding (CIU), chemical labeling using N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), and both bottom-up and top-down proteomics in an effort to better understand the metal binding sites of the partially metalated forms of human MT-2A, viz., Ag4-MT. The results for Ag4-MT are then compared to similar results obtained for Cd4-MT. The results show that Ag4-MT is a cooperative product, and data from top-down and bottom-up proteomics mass spectrometry analysis combined with NEM labeling revealed that all four Ag+ ions of Ag4-MT are bound to the β-domain. The binding sites are identified as Cys13, Cys15, Cys19, Cys21, Cys24, and Cys26. While both Ag+ and Cd2+ react with MT to yield cooperative products, i.e., Ag4-MT and Cd4-MT, these products are very different; Ag+ ions of Ag4-MT are located in the β-domain, whereas Cd2+ ions of Cd4-MT are located in the α-domain. Ag6-MT has been reported to be fully metalated in the β-domain, but our data suggest the two additional Ag+ ions are more weakly bound than are the other four. Higher order Agi-MT complexes (i = 7-17) are formed in solutions that contain excess Ag+ ions, and these are assumed to be bound to the α-domain or shared between the two domains. Interestingly, the excess Ag+ ions are displaced upon addition of NEM to this solution to yield predominantly Ag4NEM14-MT. Results from CIU suggest that Agi-MT complexes are structurally more ordered and that the energy required to unfold these complexes increases as the number of coordinated Ag+ increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Mehdi Shirzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Liqi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Arthur Laganowsky
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - David H Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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14
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Zhu N, Zhang B, Yu Q. Genetic Engineering-Facilitated Coassembly of Synthetic Bacterial Cells and Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Heavy Metal Removal. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:22948-22957. [PMID: 32338492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy-metal pollution is becoming a worldwide problem severely threatening our health and ecosystem. In this study, we constructed a genetic-engineering-driven coassembly of synthetic bacterial cells and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for capturing heavy metals. The Escherichia coli cells were genetically engineered by introducing a de novo synthetic heavy-metal-capturing gene (encoding a protein SynHMB containing a six-histidine tag, two cystine-rich peptides, and a metallothionein sequence) and a synthetic type VI secretory system (T6SS) cluster of Pseudomonas putida, endowing the synthetic cells (SynEc2) with high ability of displaying the heavy-metal-capturing SynHMB on cell surface. MNPs were synthesized by a coprecipitation method and further modified by polyethylenimine (PEI) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Owing to the surface exposure of six-histidine tag on the synthetic bacteria and carboxyl groups on the modified MNPs (MNP@SiO2-PEI-DTPA), the synthetic bacterial cells and MNPs coassembled to form biotic/abiotic complex exhibiting a self-developing characteristic. In the culture medium containing both Cd2+ and Pb2+, the coassemblies captured these heavy metals with high removal efficiency (>90% even at 50 mg/L of Cd2+ and 50 mg/L of Pb2+) and were conveniently recycled by artificial magnetic fields. Moreover, the coassemblies realized coremoval of organic carbon pollutants with the removal efficiency of >80%. This study builds a novel biotic/abiotic coassembling platform facilitated by genetic engineering and sheds light on development of artificial magnetic biological systems for efficient treatment of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nali Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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15
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Santoro A, Calvo JS, Peris-Díaz MD, Krężel A, Meloni G, Faller P. The Glutathione/Metallothionein System Challenges the Design of Efficient O 2 -Activating Copper Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7830-7835. [PMID: 32049413 PMCID: PMC7294961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper complexes are of medicinal and biological interest, including as anticancer drugs designed to cleave intracellular biomolecules by O2 activation. To exhibit such activity, the copper complex must be redox active and resistant to dissociation. Metallothioneins (MTs) and glutathione (GSH) are abundant in the cytosol and nucleus. Because they are thiol-rich reducing molecules with high CuI affinity, they are potential competitors for a copper ion bound in a copper drug. Herein, we report the investigation of a panel of CuI /CuII complexes often used as drugs, with diverse coordination chemistries and redox potentials. We evaluated their catalytic activity in ascorbate oxidation based on redox cycling between CuI and CuII , as well as their resistance to dissociation or inactivation under cytosolically relevant concentrations of GSH and MT. O2 -activating CuI /CuII complexes for cytosolic/nuclear targets are generally not stable against the GSH/MT system, which creates a challenge for their future design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Santoro
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, University of Strasbourg/ CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jenifer S Calvo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Manuel David Peris-Díaz
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Gabriele Meloni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, University of Strasbourg/ CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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16
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Mwandira W, Nakashima K, Togo Y, Sato T, Kawasaki S. Cellulose-metallothionein biosorbent for removal of Pb(II) and Zn(II) from polluted water. Chemosphere 2020; 246:125733. [PMID: 31901659 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Intake of toxic trace elements in drinking water can lead to adverse health effects. To remove toxic trace elements from water, we developed a novel biosorbent composed of cellulose and a fusion protein. The fusion protein was constructed from metallothionein (MT) and a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM), where CBM can bind to cellulose while MT can capture heavy metal ions in solution. In a batch experiment, the biosorbent had maximum biosorption capacities for Pb(II) and Zn(II) ions of 39.02 mg/g and 29.28 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the biosorbent could be used in a semi-continuous system and showed good regeneration and recyclability. Both cellulose and the MT-CBM are environmentally friendly and renewable materials, and this biosorbent has great potential for efficient removal of toxic trace elements from polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Mwandira
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakashima
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Yuki Togo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawasaki
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
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17
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Padjasek M, Maciejczyk M, Nowakowski M, Kerber O, Pyrka M, Koźmiński W, Krężel A. Metal Exchange in the Interprotein Zn II -Binding Site of the Rad50 Hook Domain: Structural Insights into Cd II -Induced DNA-Repair Inhibition. Chemistry 2020; 26:3297-3313. [PMID: 31846102 PMCID: PMC7155053 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CdII is a major genotoxic agent that readily displaces ZnII in a multitude of zinc proteins, abrogates redox homeostasis, and deregulates cellular metalloproteome. To date, this displacement has been described mostly for cysteine(Cys)-rich intraprotein binding sites in certain zinc finger domains and metallothioneins. To visualize how a ZnII -to-CdII swap can affect the target protein's status and thus understand the molecular basis of CdII -induced genotoxicity an intermolecular ZnII -binding site from the crucial DNA repair protein Rad50 and its zinc hook domain were examined. By using a length-varied peptide base, ZnII -to-CdII displacement in Rad50's hook domain is demonstrated to alter it in a bimodal fashion: 1) CdII induces around a two-orders-of-magnitude stabilization effect (log K 12 Zn II =20.8 vs. log K 12 Cd II =22.7), which defines an extremely high affinity of a peptide towards a metal ion, and 2) the displacement disrupts the overall assembly of the domain, as shown by NMR spectroscopic and anisotropy decay data. Based on the results, a new model explaining the molecular mechanism of CdII genotoxicity that underlines CdII 's impact on Rad50's dimer stability and quaternary structure that could potentially result in abrogation of the major DNA damage response pathway is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Padjasek
- Department of Chemical BiologyFaculty of BiotechnologyUniversity of WrocławJoliot-Curie 14a50-383WrocławPoland
| | - Maciej Maciejczyk
- Department of Physics and BiophysicsFaculty of Food ScienceUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOczapowskiego 410-719OlsztynPoland
| | - Michał Nowakowski
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CenterUniversity of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 10102-089WarsawPoland
| | - Olga Kerber
- Department of Chemical BiologyFaculty of BiotechnologyUniversity of WrocławJoliot-Curie 14a50-383WrocławPoland
| | - Maciej Pyrka
- Department of Physics and BiophysicsFaculty of Food ScienceUniversity of Warmia and Mazury in OlsztynOczapowskiego 410-719OlsztynPoland
| | - Wiktor Koźmiński
- Faculty of ChemistryBiological and Chemical Research CenterUniversity of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 10102-089WarsawPoland
| | - Artur Krężel
- Department of Chemical BiologyFaculty of BiotechnologyUniversity of WrocławJoliot-Curie 14a50-383WrocławPoland
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18
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Zúñiga A, Laporte D, González A, Gómez M, Sáez CA, Moenne A. Isolation and Characterization of Copper- and Zinc- Binding Metallothioneins from the Marine Alga Ulva compressa (Chlorophyta). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:E153. [PMID: 31881655 PMCID: PMC6981760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, transcripts encoding three metallothioneins from Ulva compressa (UcMTs) were amplified: The 5'and 3' UTRs by RACE-PCR, and the open reading frames (ORFs) by PCR. Transcripts encoding UcMT1.1 (Crassostrea-like), UcMT2 (Mytilus-like), and UcMT3 (Dreissena-like) showed a 5'UTR of 61, 71, and 65 nucleotides and a 3'UTR of 418, 235, and 193 nucleotides, respectively. UcMT1.1 ORF encodes a protein of 81 amino acids (MW 8.2 KDa) with 25 cysteines (29.4%), arranged as three motifs CC and nine motifs CXC; UcMT2 ORF encode a protein of 90 amino acids (9.05 kDa) with 27 cysteines (30%), arranged as three motifs CC, nine motifs CXC, and one motif CXXC; UcMT3 encode a protein of 139 amino acids (13.4 kDa) with 34 cysteines (24%), arranged as seven motifs CC and seven motifs CXC. UcMT1 and UcMT2 were more similar among each other, showing 60% similarity in amino acids; UcMT3 showed only 31% similarity with UcMT1 and UcMT2. In addition, UcMTs displayed structural similarity with MTs of marine invertebrates MTs and the terrestrial invertebrate Caenorhabtidis elegans MTs, but not with MTs from red or brown macroalgae. The ORFs fused with GST were expressed in bacteria allowing copper accumulation, mainly in MT1 and MT2, and zinc, in the case of the three MTs. Thus, the three MTs allowed copper and zinc accumulation in vivo. UcMTs may play a role in copper and zinc accumulation in U. compressa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
- HUB AMBIENTAL UPLA, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Postgrado e Innovación, University of Playa Ancha, Avenida Carvallo 270, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Daniel Laporte
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Alberto González
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Melissa Gómez
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Claudio A. Sáez
- HUB AMBIENTAL UPLA, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Postgrado e Innovación, University of Playa Ancha, Avenida Carvallo 270, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
- Laboratory of Aquatic Environmental Research, Center of Advances Studies, University of Playa Ancha, Traslaviña 450, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
| | - Alejandra Moenne
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago of Chile, Alameda 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile; (A.Z.); (A.G.); (M.G.)
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19
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Torreggiani A, Tinti A, Jurasekova Z, Capdevila M, Saracino M, Di Foggia M. Structural Lesions of Proteins Connected to Lipid Membrane Damages Caused by Radical Stress: Assessment by Biomimetic Systems and Raman Spectroscopy. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E794. [PMID: 31783702 PMCID: PMC6995617 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Model systems constituted by proteins and unsaturated lipid vesicles were used to gain more insight into the effects of the propagation of an initial radical damage on protein to the lipid compartment. The latter is based on liposome technology and allows measuring the trans unsaturated fatty acid content as a result of free radical stress on proteins. Two kinds of sulfur-containing proteins were chosen to connect their chemical reactivity with membrane lipid transformation, serum albumins and metallothioneins. Biomimetic systems based on radiation chemistry were used to mimic the protein exposure to different kinds of free radical stress and Raman spectroscopy to shed light on protein structural changes caused by the free radical attack. Among the amino acid residues, Cys is one of the most sensitive residues towards the attack of free radicals, thus suggesting that metal-Cys clusters are good interceptors of reactive species in metallothioneins, together with disulfides moieties in serum albumins. Met is another important site of the attack, in particular under reductive conditions. Tyr and Phe are sensitive to radical stress too, leading to electron transfer reactions or radical-induced modifications of their structures. Finally, modifications in protein folding take place depending on reactive species attacking the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Tinti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, via Belmeloro 8/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Zuzana Jurasekova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University, Jesenna 5, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P. J. Safarik University, Jesenna 5, 04001 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Quimica, Facultat de ciencies, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain;
| | - Michela Saracino
- Istituto I.S.O.F. (C.N.R.), via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Michele Di Foggia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, via Belmeloro 8/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.T.); (M.D.F.)
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20
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Dong XB, Huang W, Bian YB, Feng X, Ibrahim SA, Shi DF, Qiao X, Liu Y. Remediation and Mechanisms of Cadmium Biosorption by a Cadmium-Binding Protein from Lentinula edodes. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:11373-11379. [PMID: 31539240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium bioremediation with metal-binding proteins is primarily conducted using metallothioneins (MTs). However, in the present study, we investigated a non-MT cadmium-binding protein from Lentinula edodes (LECBP) as a remediation tool for cadmium biosorption in Escherichia coli. The results indicated that the expression of LECBP significantly enhanced the cadmium biosorption capacity of transgenic E. coli. The secondary structure and conformation of LECBP were changed after binding with cadmium as evidenced by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that carboxyl oxygen and amino nitrogen atoms were involved in the interaction between LECBP and cadmium. The results further demonstrated that glutamic acid and histidine residues are the potential binding sites. Our results have thus provided new insights into cadmium bioremediation in an aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xi Feng
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Packaging , California State University , San Jose , California 95192 , United States
| | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences , North Carolina A&T State University , 171 Carver Hall , Greensboro , North Carolina 27411 , United States
| | - De-Fang Shi
- Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology , Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , Hubei 430064 , China
| | - Xin Qiao
- College of Culinary and Food Engineering , Wuhan Business University , Wuhan , Hubei 430056 , China
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21
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Liu X, Chen Q, Ali N, Zhang J, Wang M, Wang Z. Single and joint oxidative stress-related toxicity of sediment-associated cadmium and lead on Bellamya aeruginosa. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:24695-24706. [PMID: 31240645 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biotoxicity of heavy metals in sediments toward benthic organisms has evoked great concern for the health of freshwater ecosystems. This study applied a sediment toxicity testing protocol to investigate the single and joint toxicity of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) on Bellamya aeruginosa. B. aeruginosa were exposed to different concentrations of Cd (5, 25, and 100 mg/kg), Pb (20, 100, and 400 mg/kg), and their different concentration combinations. A suite of biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), metallothionein (MT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), were measured after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of exposure to evaluate their oxidative stress status. Cell apoptosis of soft tissue was also determined after exposure. Results revealed that these endpoints represented sensitive biomarkers for the characterization of the oxidative stress response induced by these metals. Specifically, a decrease of SOD and GPx and an increase of MDA were indicative of the potential failure of the antioxidant defense system in neutralizing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the exposure of the Pb-treated group. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) index revealed the most significant sub-lethal toxicity for Pb-spiked sediments, leading to the highest rate of cell apoptosis (70.8%). Exposure to Cd resulted in a time- and dose-dependent effect on MT levels, which suggested active detoxification of this metal. Exposure to the mixture resulted in amelioration of Pb toxicity, likely due to the competitive binding of Cd to active enzyme, with the result of an observed antagonistic interaction. This study indicated that B. aeruginosa represents a good biomonitor for assessing Cd and Pb contamination of sediments, and laid the foundation for their potential risk assessments in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Nasir Ali
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
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22
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Shen X, Liu W, Chen Y, Guo Y, Gao M, Chen W, Liu Y, Liu S. Diagnostic significance of metallothionein members in recognizing cadmium exposure in various organs under low-dose exposure. Chemosphere 2019; 229:32-40. [PMID: 31071517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are known to protect cells against oxidative stress, especially providing protection against cadmium (Cd) toxicity. To date, besides liver and kidney, the expression profiles of MT members have not been thoroughly determined in a full-spectrum of organs, especially under low-dose exposure settings. Furthermore, their diagnostic value has not been evaluated in reflecting the Cd exposure in diverse organs. In the present study, we unearthed the expression profiles of five MT members in diverse organs from mice upon low-dose Cd exposure. Compared to most organs, the deposition of Cd in cartilage has been overlooked in the past, implying the potential Cd toxicity to the joint. In contrast to MT1 and MT2 (MT1/2), the expression levels of MT3, MTL5 and MT4 were minimal with or without Cd treatment. Distinct from Cd mass, the levels of MT1/2 were similar in heart and lung to that of kidney. Our study signified the rationale of MT1/2 induction in recognizing Cd exposure extent in diverse organs including liver, kidney, heart and lung. Importantly, MT1/2 expression was induced in liver and lung cells even upon low-dose Cd exposure. Thus, our combined data unraveled the expression of MT members across various organs in Cd-exposed mice, and pinpointed their diagnostic value in characterizing Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiping Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100035, China.
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Qi S, Yang S, Chen J, Niu T, Yang Y, Xin B. High-Yield Extracellular Biosynthesis of ZnS Quantum Dots through a Unique Molecular Mediation Mechanism by the Peculiar Extracellular Proteins Secreted by a Mixed Sulfate Reducing Bacteria. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:10442-10451. [PMID: 30785253 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a high-yield extracellular biosynthesis of ZnS QDs via a unique molecular mediation mechanism driven by the mixed sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). The mixed SRB have obtained the highest ever ZnS QD biosynthesis rate of 35.0-45.0 g/(L·month). The biogenic ZnS QDs with an average crystallite size (ACS) of 6.5 nm have greater PL activity and better uniformity than that of a chemical route. Peculiar extracellular proteins (EPs) with molecular weights of approximately 65 and 14 kDa specially adhere to the ZnS QDs, which cover extraordinarily high contents of acidic amino acids (14.0 mol % Glu and 13.0 mol % Asp) and of nonpolar amino acids (12.0 mol % Ala, 11.0 mol % Gly, and 7.0 mol % Phe), for novel molecular mediation. The vast amount of negative charges in Glu and Asp guides the strong absorption between the EPs and Zn2+ via electrostatic attraction to reach a maximum absorption capacity of 745.9 mg/g within 2.0 h, motivating large and rapid nucleation as the first step of biosynthesis. Meanwhile, bridging and interlinkage occur inside the EPs or between the EPs via hydrophobic interactions dominated by the nonpolar amino acids, resulting in the formation of massive microcavities to control and restrict the growth of ZnS QDs as a template. The novel molecular mediation mechanism triggered by the peculiar EPs with an extraordinary amino acid composition and structure accounts for the high-yield biosynthesis of ZnS QDs. The mixed SRB have also successfully fabricated other metal sulfide QDs, including PbS, CuS, and CdS, through the novel molecular mediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Tianqi Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
| | - Yufei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment , Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing 100012 , P. R. China
| | - Baoping Xin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , P. R. China
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Dong XB, Liu Y, Feng X, Shi D, Bian YB, Ibrahim SA, Huang W. Purification and Characterization of a Cadmium-Binding Protein from Lentinula edodes. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:1261-1268. [PMID: 30623660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Many organisms possess the ability to produce metal-binding proteins to absorb cadmium. Metallothioneins, an important family of cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins, have been isolated and well characterized. However, Lentinula edodes may have a different type of cadmium-binding protein that contains fewer cysteine residues. In the present study, we purified a cadmium-binding protein from L. edodes (LECBP) by gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography and then identified LECBP by LC-MS/MS. We found LECBP to be a novel cadmium-binding protein, which contained 220 amino acid residues but no cysteine residue. LECBP had a high binding affinity for Cd(II) with a Kd value of 97.3 μM. The percentages of α-helix, β-sheet, β-turn, and random coil in LECBP were 15.7%, 39.4%, 8.0%, and 37.1%, respectively. In addition, high temperatures and an acidic environment influenced the conformation of LECBP. Our results will thus provide a new perspective to understand the mechanism of cadmium accumulation in L. edodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xi Feng
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Packaging , California State University , San Jose , California 95192 , United States
| | - Defang Shi
- Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology , Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Wuhan , Hubei 430064 , China
| | | | - Salam A Ibrahim
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences , North Carolina A&T State University , 171 Carver Hall , Greensboro , North Carolina 27411 , United States
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Hertika AMS, Kusriani K, Indrayani E, Yona D, Putra RBDS. Metallothionein expression on oysters ( Crassostrea cuculata and Crassostrea glomerata) from the southern coastal region of East Java. F1000Res 2019; 8:56. [PMID: 32477493 PMCID: PMC7217233 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.17381.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 03/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to analyse levels of heavy metals (Pb, Hg and Cd) in the aquatic body, gills and stomach of the oysters Crassostrea cuculata and Crassostrea glomerata, the metallothionein (MT) level in the gills and stomach of both oysters, and relationships between heavy metals level (Pb, Hg and Cd) in the gills and stomach to MT level in both types of oysters. Methods: The research method utilized was a descriptive method. The oyster samples were taken from three stations: Sendang Biru, Popoh and Prigi beaches. MT values were assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The heavy metal levels were assessed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Results: Both oyster heavy metal content obtained in the southern coastal waters exceeded the safe limit set by the State Minister of Environment No. 51 of 2004. In general, the expression of MT was found to be higher in gastric tissue compared to gill tissue. Conclusions: The relationship between levels of the heavy metals Pb, Hg, and Cd in oyster gills and stomach has a strong relationship with MT levels in the gills and stomach in both types of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kusriani Kusriani
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65165, Indonesia
| | - Erlinda Indrayani
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65165, Indonesia
| | - Defri Yona
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65165, Indonesia
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26
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Tomàs Giner M, Jiménez-Martí E, Bofill Arasa R, Tinti A, Di Foggia M, Chatgilialoglu C, Torreggiani A. Analysis of the soybean metallothionein system under free radical stress: protein modification connected to lipid membrane damage. Metallomics 2018; 10:1792-1804. [PMID: 30398507 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00164b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins are small Cys-rich peptides capable of coordinating metal ions, and proposed to be involved in radical stress. The four Zn(ii)-GmMT complexes of soybean (Glycine max) were recombinantly synthesised and exposed to oxidative (HO˙) and reductive (H˙ atoms and eaq-) stress conditions. Gamma-irradiation was used to simulate the endogenous formation of the reactive species in both aqueous solutions and unsaturated lipid vesicle suspensions, a biomimetic model that showed that tandem protein/lipid damage occurs, in particular under reductive radical stress. This is due to the formation of diffusible sulphur-centred radicals, which migrate from the aqueous phase to the lipid bilayer and are thus able to transform the cis double bond of the oleate moiety into the trans isomer. Among the amino acid residues present in GmMTs, Cys is one of the most sensitive residues towards the attack of free radicals, thus suggesting metal-clusters to be good interceptors of free radicals. Also Met, Tyr and Phe residues are sensitive amino acid sites of attack under both oxidative and reductive conditions. The modification of the Zn(ii)-GmMT complexes, in particular isoform 2, was monitored by Raman spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Free radical stress on the Zn(ii)-GmMT complexes is able to induce significant structural changes such as partial deconstruction and/or rearrangement of the metal clusters, but not the complete demetallation of the proteins nor breaking of the backbone, thus confirming their capability to act as protectors under free radical stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Tomàs Giner
- Dep. Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Univ. Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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27
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Bouzahouane H, Barour C, Sleimi N, Ouali K. Multi-biomarkers approach to the assessment of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea health status: Preliminary study on Stramonita haemastoma used as a bioindicator for metal contamination. Chemosphere 2018; 207:725-741. [PMID: 29859485 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the responses of different biochemicals parameters associated with environmental pollution in the digestive gland of the gastropod mollusc Stramonita haemastoma. Physiochemical parameters and trace metal elements (Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb)) were measured in seawater. Spatiotemporal variations in reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and metallothionein (Mt) as well as the specific activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) were evaluated in digestive gland of this species during a one-year period in 2013-2014. Samples collection was conducted at three sites. The results obtained showed seasonal fluctuations in GST and CAT activities and in the rate of Mt content. In addition, intersite variations in GSH, MDA, Mt and CAT were recorded in individuals. Also, trace metal elements concentrations determined by season in the digestive gland revealed spatial and temporal variations for Cu and Zn but they are below the limit of detection for Cd and Pb. The highest values were generally recorded in spring for Cu and in winter for Zn. In this first regional study using in S. haemastoma as a model, the biomarkers measured were seen to be inducible parameters to evaluate the health state of the organism and the overall quality of the study sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Bouzahouane
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Mohamed Cherif Messaâdia University, Souk-Ahras, 41000, Algeria; Laboratory of Environmental Biosurveillance, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, El Hadjar, Annaba 23000, Algeria.
| | - Choukri Barour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Mohamed Cherif Messaâdia University, Souk-Ahras, 41000, Algeria
| | - Noomene Sleimi
- UR: Matériaux, Nanomatériaux et Ecosystèmes, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Tunisia
| | - Kheireddine Ouali
- Laboratory of Environmental Biosurveillance, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, El Hadjar, Annaba 23000, Algeria
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28
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Jaiswal PS, Mittal N, Randhawa GS. Cyamopsis tetragonoloba type 1 metallothionein (CtMT1) gene is upregulated under drought stress and its protein product has an additional C-X-C motif and unique metal binding pattern. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:1324-1334. [PMID: 30098366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are involved in cellular homeostasis of essential metal ions and detoxification of nonessential metal ions. We report here the identification of four MT genes, CtMT1, CtMT2, CtMT3 and CtMT4, encoding CtMT1, CtMT2, CtMT3 and CtMT4 proteins, respectively, from the industrial guar crop. The primary structures of last three proteins were similar to those of respective MT proteins of other plants but the CtMT1 protein primary structure was different from the other plant MT1 proteins in having an additional C-X-C motif. The four MT genes showed tissue specific expression patterns suggesting their specific roles in different tissues. High expression of CtMT1 gene was observed in roots and nodules whereas CtMT2 and CtMT3 genes showed high expression in leaves. The expression of CtMT4 gene was high in seeds. The qRT-PCR studies revealed upregulation in expression of CtMT1 gene under drought stress. Recombinant CtMT1 protein was produced in E. coli Rosetta cells and purified by metal affinity chromatography. The purified protein showed antioxidant property and the order of its metal ion binding affinities was Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Fe2+ > Cd2+. This information about CtMT1 protein is expected to be useful in understanding its role in drought tolerance and other physiological processes of guar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Subhash Jaiswal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nishu Mittal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gursharn Singh Randhawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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29
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Giannetto A, Cappello T, Oliva S, Parrino V, De Marco G, Fasulo S, Mauceri A, Maisano M. Copper oxide nanoparticles induce the transcriptional modulation of oxidative stress-related genes in Arbacia lixula embryos. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 201:187-197. [PMID: 29933146 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are widely used in various industrial applications, i.e. semiconductor devices, batteries, solar energy converter, gas sensor, microelectronics, heat transfer fluids, and have been recently recognized as emerging pollutants of increasing concern for human and marine environmental health. Therefore, the toxicity of CuO NPs needs to be thoroughly understood. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of oxidative stress in CuO NP toxicity by exploring the molecular response of Arbacia lixula embryos to three CuO NP concentrations (0.7, 10, 20 ppb) by investigating the transcriptional patterns of oxidative stress-related genes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and metallothionein, here cloned and characterized for the first time. Time- and concentration-dependent changes in gene expression were detected in A. lixula embryos exposed to CuO NPs, up to pluteus stage (72 h post-fertilization, hpf), indicating that oxidative stress is one of the toxicity mechanisms for CuO NPs. These findings provide new insights into the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying copper nanoparticle toxicity in A. lixula sea urchin and give new tools for monitoring of aquatic areas, thus corroborating the suitability of this embryotoxicity assay for future evaluation of impacted sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Giannetto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sabrina Oliva
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Parrino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Marco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fasulo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Mauceri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Maisano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres n. 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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30
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Pan Y, Zhu M, Wang S, Ma G, Huang X, Qiao C, Wang R, Xu X, Liang Y, Lu K, Li J, Qu C. Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of Metallothionein Family Genes That Function in Metal Stress Tolerance in Brassica napus L. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2181. [PMID: 30049941 PMCID: PMC6121329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica plants exhibit both high biomass productivity and high rates of heavy metal absorption. Metallothionein (MT) proteins are low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins that play crucial roles in protecting plants from heavy metal toxicity. However, to date, MT proteins have not been systematically characterized in Brassica. In this study, we identified 60 MTs from Arabidopsis thaliana and five Brassica species. All the MT family genes from Brassica are closely related to Arabidopsis MTs, encoding putative proteins that share similar functions within the same clades. Genome mapping analysis revealed high levels of synteny throughout the genome due to whole genome duplication and segmental duplication events. We analyzed the expression levels of 16 Brassica napus MTs (BnaMTs) by RNA-sequencing and real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis in plants under As3+ stress. These genes exhibited different expression patterns in various tissues. Our results suggest that BnaMT3C plays a key role in the response to As3+ stress in B. napus. This study provides insight into the phylogeny, origin, and evolution of MT family members in Brassica, laying the foundation for further studies of the roles of MT proteins in these important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Meichen Zhu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guoqiang Ma
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiaohu Huang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Cailin Qiao
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Ying Liang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Kun Lu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jiana Li
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Huang Y, Fang Y, Long X, Liu L, Wang J, Zhu J, Ma Y, Qin Y, Qi J, Hu X, Tang C. Characterization of the rubber tree metallothionein family reveals a role in mitigating the effects of reactive oxygen species associated with physiological stress. Tree Physiol 2018; 38:911-924. [PMID: 29425342 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers play important roles in stress response and heavy metal homeostasis. In Hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree that is the source of commercial natural rubber) and in other trees, the functions of MTs are not well understood. Latex exudes when the rubber tree is tapped. The flow of latex and its regeneration can be enhanced by tapping, wounding and ethylene treatment, all of which produce ROS as a by-product. Here, we show the presence of four MT genes in H. brasiliensis, comprising three Type 2 (HbMT2, -2a and -2b) and one Type 3 (HbMT3L) isoforms, representing one of the smallest MT gene families among angiosperms. The four HbMTs exhibited distinct tissue expression patterns: HbMT2 and HbMT3L mainly in leaves, HbMT2a specifically in flowers and HbMT2b in diverse tissues. The expression of HbMT2b, an isoform present in latex, decreased significantly in the latex following the stress-inducing treatments of tapping, wounding and ethephon (an ethylene generator). The expressions of the leaf-abundant isoforms, HbMT2 and -3L were up-regulated following pathogenic fungus infection and high-temperature stress, but down-regulated by low-temperature stress. These reactions were consistent with multiple defense- and hormone-responsive cis-acting elements in the HbMT promoters. Nine transcription factors were shown to implicate in the high-temperature responsiveness of HbMT2 and -3L in leaves. Overexpression of HbMT2 in Escherichia coli enhanced the bacterium's tolerance to heavy metals and ROS, consistent with its predicted role as an ROS scavenger. Taken together, our results, along with other relevant studies, suggest an important role of HbMTs in latex regeneration as well as species adaptation via the regulation of ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacheng Huang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Long
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Linya Liu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Jinheng Zhu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Yunxia Qin
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Jiyan Qi
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
| | - Xinwen Hu
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Chaorong Tang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, PR China
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T V D, Chandwadkar P, Acharya C. NmtA, a novel metallothionein of Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120 imparts protection against cadmium stress but not oxidative stress. Aquat Toxicol 2018; 199:152-161. [PMID: 29626757 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight, sulfhydryl-containing, cysteine-rich, metal-binding proteins. Eukaryotes have multiple metallothionein genes; however, there is dearth of reports on prokaryotic metallothioneins. Bacterial MTs with SmtA from Synechococcus PCC 7942 as prototype have been studied in the context of cadmium detoxification. In this study, a smtA related ORF, namely nmtA, was identified in the heterocystous, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium, Anabaena PCC 7120. A recombinant N-terminal histidine-tagged Anabaena NmtA protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified. The protein was identified by peptide mass fingerprinting using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry as putative metallothionein of Anabaena PCC 7120 with a calculated mass of ∼6.1 kDa. While the native metallated NmtA exhibited resistance against proteolysis, metal free apo-NmtA resulting from acid and dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment could be digested by proteinase K revealing a metal dependent proteolytic protection of NmtA. Expression of nmtA in Anabaena PCC 7120 was induced evidently by cadmium, zinc and copper but not by uranium or hydrogen peroxide. Recombinant Anabaena PCC 7120 overexpressing NmtA protein revealed superior cadmium tolerance but showed limited influence against oxidative stress tolerance as compared with the strain carrying vector alone. In contrast, a mutant of Synechococcus PCC 7942 deficient in MT locus was found to be highly susceptible to H2O2 indicating a likely involvement of cyanobacterial MT in protection against oxidative damage. Overall, the study improved our understanding of metal tolerance mechanisms in Anabaena PCC 7120 by demonstrating a key role of NmtA in cadmium tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya T V
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Pallavi Chandwadkar
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Celin Acharya
- Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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Duan L, Kong JJ, Wang TQ, Sun Y. Binding of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) to a type 1 metallothionein from maize (Zea mays). Biometals 2018; 31:539-550. [PMID: 29766364 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jing-Jing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Tong-Qing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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Imam HT, Blindauer CA. Differential reactivity of closely related zinc(II)-binding metallothioneins from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:137-154. [PMID: 29218630 PMCID: PMC5756572 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of metal binding to and transfer from metalloproteins involved in metal homeostasis are important for understanding cellular distribution of metal ions. The dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana has two type 4 seed-specific metallothionein homologues, MT4a and MT4b, with likely roles in zinc(II) homeostasis. These two metallothioneins are 84% identical, with full conservation of all metal-binding cysteine and histidine residues. Yet, differences in their spatial and temporal expression patterns suggested divergence in their biological roles. To investigate whether biological functions are reflected in molecular properties, we compare aspects of zinc(II)-binding dynamics of full-length MT4a and MT4b, namely the pH dependence of zinc(II) binding and protein folding, and zinc(II) transfer to the chelator EDTA. UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopies as well as native electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry consistently showed that transfer from Zn6MT4a is considerably faster than from Zn6MT4b, with pseudo-first-order rate constants for the fastest observed step of k obs = 2.8 × 10-4 s-1 (MT4b) and k obs = 7.5 × 10-4 s-1 (MT4a) (5 µM protein, 500 µM EDTA, 25 mM Tris buffer, pH 7.33, 298 K). 2D heteronuclear NMR experiments allowed locating the most labile zinc(II) ions in domain II for both proteins. 3D homology models suggest that reactivity of this domain is governed by the local environment around the mononuclear Cys2His2 site that is unique to type 4 MTs. Non-conservative amino acid substitutions in this region affect local electrostatics as well as whole-domain dynamics, with both effects rendering zinc(II) ions bound to MT4a more reactive in metal transfer reactions. Therefore, domain II of MT4a is well suited to rapidly release its bound zinc(II) ions, in broad agreement with a previously suggested role of MT4a in zinc(II) transport and delivery to other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan T Imam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
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Cabral ACS, Jakovleska J, Deb A, Penner-Hahn JE, Pecoraro VL, Freisinger E. Further insights into the metal ion binding abilities and the metalation pathway of a plant metallothionein from Musa acuminata. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:91-107. [PMID: 29218632 PMCID: PMC5756683 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The superfamily of metallothioneins (MTs) combines a diverse group of metalloproteins, sharing the characteristics of rather low molecular weight and high cysteine content. The latter provides MTs with the capability to coordinate thiophilic metal ions, in particular those with a d 10 electron configuration. The sub-family of plant MT3 proteins is only poorly characterized and there is a complete lack of three-dimensional structure information. Building upon our previous results on the Musa acuminata MT3 (musMT3) protein, the focus of the present work is to understand the metal cluster formation process, the role of the single histidine residue present in musMT3, and the metal ion binding affinity. We concentrate our efforts on the coordination of ZnII and CdII ions, using CoII as a spectroscopic probe for ZnII binding. The overall protein-fold is analysed with a combination of limited proteolytic digestion, mass spectrometry, and dynamic light scattering. Histidine coordination of metal ions is probed with extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy and CoII titration experiments. Initial experiments with isothermal titration calorimetry provide insights into the thermodynamics of metal ion binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto C S Cabral
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jovana Jakovleska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aniruddha Deb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James E Penner-Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Vincent L Pecoraro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Eva Freisinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Irvine GW, Heinlein L, Renaud JB, Sumarah MW, Stillman MJ. Formation of oxidative and non-oxidative dimers in metallothioneins: Implications for charge-state analysis for structural determination. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:2118-2124. [PMID: 28987027 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Metallothioneins (MTs) are a class of dynamic proteins that have been investigated extensively using mass spectrometric methods due to their amenability to ionization. Here we detect the formation of oxidative and non-oxidative MT dimers using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) which has previously been overlooked with lower-resolution techniques. METHODS Recombinant human MT1a and its isolated domain fragments were analyzed by high-resolution Thermo Q-Exactive and Bruker time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometers. Covalent Cys modification was performed using N-ethylmalemide to probe the effect of Cys oxidation on dimer formation. RESULTS Dimerization was detected in the analysis of select charge states of Zn7 MT and apo-βMT. Specifically, high resolution (140 k) revealed the +6 dimer peaks overlapping with the +3 charge state, but not with the other charge states (+4, +5, +6). The proteins with covalently modified Cys did not show dimer formation in any of their charge states. Apo-α and apo-βαMT also did not form dimers under the conditions tested. CONCLUSIONS Dimerization of MT was detected for zinc metalated and certain apo-MT forms with HRMS, which was not seen with lower-resolution techniques. These dimers appear overlapped only with certain charge states, confounding their analysis for structural characterization of MTs. The Zn-MT dimers appeared to be non-oxidative; however, the formation of dimers in the apo-protein is likely dependent on Cys oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Irvine
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Lina Heinlein
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Karlsruhe, Profach 6980, D-76128, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Justin B Renaud
- London Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Mark W Sumarah
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
- London Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Martin J Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada
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Atrián-Blasco E, Santoro A, Pountney DL, Meloni G, Hureau C, Faller P. Chemistry of mammalian metallothioneins and their interaction with amyloidogenic peptides and proteins. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7683-7693. [PMID: 29114657 PMCID: PMC5728347 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00448f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cu and Zn ions are essential in most living beings. Their metabolism is critical for health and mis-metabolism can be lethal. In the last two decades, a large body of evidence has reported the role of copper, zinc and iron, and oxidative stress in several neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, prion diseases, etc. To what extent this mis-metabolism is causative or a consequence of these diseases is still a matter of research. In this context metallothioneins (MTs) appear to play a central gate-keeper role in controlling aberrant metal-protein interactions. MTs are small proteins that can bind high amounts of Zn(ii) and Cu(i) ions in metal-cluster arrangements via their cysteine thiolates. Moreover, MTs are well known antioxidants. The present tutorial outlines the chemistry underlying the interconnection between copper(i/ii) and zinc(ii) coordination to amyloidogenic proteins and MTs, and their redox properties in generation and/or silencing reactive oxygen species (overproduced in oxidative stress) and other reactants. These studies have revealed the coordination chemistry involved in neurodegenerative diseases and the interactions between MTs and amyloidogenic protein metal-complexes (like amyloid-β, α-synuclein and prion-protein). Overall, the protective role of MTs in neurodegenerative processes is emerging, serving as a foundation for exploring MT chemistry as inspiration for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Atrián-Blasco
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 (France)
- Université de Toulouse ; UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse (France)
| | - Alice Santoro
- Biometals and Biology Chemistry, Institut de Chimie (CNRS UMR7177), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue B. Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dean L. Pountney
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University Gold Coast 4222, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabriele Meloni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080-3021, USA
| | - Christelle Hureau
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS UPR 8241, 205 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 (France)
- Université de Toulouse ; UPS, INPT, 31077 Toulouse (France)
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Peter Faller
- Biometals and Biology Chemistry, Institut de Chimie (CNRS UMR7177), Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue B. Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, France
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Chen Y, Zhi J, Li X, Zhang H, Liu H, Xu J. Diversity in cadmium accumulation and resistance associated with various metallothionein genes (type III) in Phytolacca americana L. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 108:704-709. [PMID: 29197572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are known for their heavy metal deoxidation during phytoremediation. To estimate their roles in the cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator Phytolacca americana L., three MT genes, PaMT3-1, PaMT3-2 and PaMT3-3, belonging to the MT3 subfamily were cloned. They separately encoded 63, 65 and 65 amino acids, containing12, 10 and 11 cysteines (Cys), respectively. Each gene was individually transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. A Cd-resistance assay showed that the recombinant strains had enhanced survival rates, especially those containing PaMT3-1 and PaMT3-3. Additionally, the recombinant strains were high Cd accumulators, with the recombinant PaMT3-1's maximum accumulation being 2.16 times that of the empty vector strains. The numbers of cysteines and the structures of MT proteins were associated with the Cd enrichment and resistance capabilities. PaMT3-1 could be an effective gene resource in future plant Cd remediation-related breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Junkai Zhi
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Huabo Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Jichen Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China.
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Pedrini-Martha V, Schnegg R, Baurand PE, deVaufleury A, Dallinger R. The physiological role and toxicological significance of the non-metal-selective cadmium/copper-metallothionein isoform differ between embryonic and adult helicid snails. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 199:38-47. [PMID: 28254493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal regulation is essential for terrestrial gastropods to survive. In helicid snails, two metal-selective metallothionein (MT) isoforms with different functions are expressed. A cadmium-selective isoform (CdMT) plays a major role in Cd2+ detoxification and stress response, whereas a copper-selective MT (CuMT) is involved in Cu homeostasis and hemocyanin synthesis. A third, non-metal-selective isoform, called Cd/CuMT, was first characterized in Cantareus aspersus. The aim of this study was to quantify the transcriptional activity of all three MT genes in unexposed and metal-exposed (Cd, Cu) embryonic Roman snails. In addition, the complete Cd/CuMT mRNA of the Roman snail (Helix pomatia) was characterized, and its expression quantified in unexposed and Cd-treated adult individuals. In embryos of Helix pomatia, the Cd/CuMT gene was induced upon Cu exposure. Its transcription levels were many times higher than that of the other two MT genes, and also exceeded by far the Cd/CuMT mRNA concentrations of adult snails. In the hepatopancreas of adult Roman snails, no Cd/CuMT could be detected at the protein level, irrespective of whether the snails had been exposed to Cd or not. This contrasts with the situation in the near relative, Cantareus aspersus. It appeared that the 3'-UTR of the Cd/CuMT mRNA differed largely between Cantareus aspersus and Helix pomatia, being larger in the latter species, with a number of putative binding sites for proteins and miRNAs known to inhibit mRNA translation. We suggest this as a possible mechanism responsible for the lack of Cd/CuMT protein expression in adult Roman snails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raimund Schnegg
- Department of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Baurand
- Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 University of Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France
| | - Annette deVaufleury
- Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249 University of Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France; Department of Health Safety Environment, avenue des Rives du Lac, BP179, 70003 Vesoul cedex, France
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Department of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Benito D, Niederwanger M, Izagirre U, Dallinger R, Soto M. Successive Onset of Molecular, Cellular and Tissue-Specific Responses in Midgut Gland of Littorina littorea Exposed to Sub-Lethal Cadmium Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081815. [PMID: 28829377 PMCID: PMC5578201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful metals, being toxic to most animal species, including marine invertebrates. Among marine gastropods, the periwinkle (Littorina littorea) in particular can accumulate high amounts of Cd in its midgut gland. In this organ, the metal can elicit extensive cytological and tissue-specific alterations that may reach, depending on the intensity of Cd exposure, from reversible lesions to pathological cellular disruptions. At the same time, Littorina littorea expresses a Cd-specific metallothionein (MT) that, due to its molecular features, expectedly exerts a protective function against the adverse intracellular effects of this metal. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess the time course of MT induction in the periwinkle’s midgut gland on the one hand, and cellular and tissue-specific alterations in the digestive organ complex (midgut gland and digestive tract) on the other, upon exposure to sub-lethal Cd concentrations (0.25 and 1 mg Cd/L) over 21 days. Depending on the Cd concentrations applied, the beginning of alterations of the assessed parameters followed distinct concentration-dependent and time-dependent patterns, where the timeframe for the onset of the different response reactions became narrower at higher Cd concentrations compared to lower exposure concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Benito
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Manu Soto
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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Niederwanger M, Dvorak M, Schnegg R, Pedrini-Martha V, Bacher K, Bidoli M, Dallinger R. Challenging the Metallothionein (MT) Gene of Biomphalaria glabrata: Unexpected Response Patterns Due to Cadmium Exposure and Temperature Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1747. [PMID: 28800079 PMCID: PMC5578137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular-mass, cysteine-rich, metal binding proteins. In most animal species, they are involved in metal homeostasis and detoxification, and provide protection from oxidative stress. Gastropod MTs are highly diversified, exhibiting unique features and adaptations like metal specificity and multiplications of their metal binding domains. Here, we show that the MT gene of Biomphalaria glabrata, one of the largest MT genes identified so far, is composed in a unique way. The encoding for an MT protein has a three-domain structure and a C-terminal, Cys-rich extension. Using a bioinformatic approach involving structural and in silico analysis of putative transcription factor binding sites (TFBs), we found that this MT gene consists of five exons and four introns. It exhibits a regulatory promoter region containing three metal-responsive elements (MREs) and several TFBs with putative involvement in environmental stress response, and regulation of gene expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) data indicate that the MT gene is not inducible by cadmium (Cd) nor by temperature challenges (heat and cold), despite significant Cd uptake within the midgut gland and the high Cd tolerance of metal-exposed snails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Martin Dvorak
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Raimund Schnegg
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Veronika Pedrini-Martha
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Katharina Bacher
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Massimo Bidoli
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Peng JS, Ding G, Meng S, Yi HY, Gong JM. Enhanced metal tolerance correlates with heterotypic variation in SpMTL, a metallothionein-like protein from the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola. Plant Cell Environ 2017; 40:1368-1378. [PMID: 28152585 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic insight into metal hyperaccumulation is largely restricted to Brassicaceae plants; therefore, it is of great importance to obtain corresponding knowledge from system outside the Brassicaceae. Here, we constructed and screened a cDNA library of the Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola and identified a novel metallothionein-like protein encoding gene SpMTL. SpMTL showed functional similarity to other known MT proteins and also to its orthologues from non-hyperaccumulators. However, three additional cysteine residues were observed in SpMTL and appeared to be hyperaccumulator specific. Removal of these three residues significantly decreased its ability to tolerate Cd and the stoichiometry of Cd against SpMTL (molar ratio of Cd/SpMTL) to a level comparable to those of Cd/SaMTL and Cd/SeMTL in the corresponding non-hyperaccumulating relatives. SpMTL expressed in S. plumbizincicola roots at a much higher level than those of its orthologues in the non-hyperaccumulator roots. Interestingly, a positive correlation was observed between transcript levels of SpMTL in roots and Cd accumulation in leaves. Taking these results together, we propose that elevated transcript levels and heterotypic variation in protein sequences of SpMTL might contribute to the trait of Cd hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance in S. plumbizincicola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Shi Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ge Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Crops Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Shuan Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Ying Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ji-Ming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Palacios Ò, Jiménez-Martí E, Niederwanger M, Gil-Moreno S, Zerbe O, Atrian S, Dallinger R, Capdevila M. Analysis of Metal-Binding Features of the Wild Type and Two Domain-Truncated Mutant Variants of Littorina littorea Metallothionein Reveals Its Cd-Specific Character. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1452. [PMID: 28684668 PMCID: PMC5535943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
After the resolution of the 3D structure of the Cd₉-aggregate of the Littorina littorea metallothionein (MT), we report here a detailed analysis of the metal binding capabilities of the wild type MT, LlwtMT, and of two truncated mutants lacking either the N-terminal domain, Lltr2MT, or both the N-terminal domain, plus four extra flanking residues (SSVF), Lltr1MT. The recombinant synthesis and in vitro studies of these three proteins revealed that LlwtMT forms unique M₉-LlwtMT complexes with Zn(II) and Cd(II), while yielding a complex mixture of heteronuclear Zn,Cu-LlwtMT species with Cu(I). As expected, the truncated mutants gave rise to unique M₆-LltrMT complexes and Zn,Cu-LltrMT mixtures of lower stoichiometry with respect to LlwtMT, with the SSVF fragment having an influence on their metal binding performance. Our results also revealed a major specificity, and therefore a better metal-coordinating performance of the three proteins for Cd(II) than for Zn(II), although the analysis of the Zn(II)/Cd(II) displacement reaction clearly demonstrates a lack of any type of cooperativity in Cd(II) binding. Contrarily, the analysis of their Cu(I) binding abilities revealed that every LlMT domain is prone to build Cu₄-aggregates, the whole MT working by modules analogously to, as previously described, certain fungal MTs, like those of C. neoformans and T. mesenterica. It is concluded that the Littorina littorea MT is a Cd-specific protein that (beyond its extended binding capacity through an additional Cd-binding domain) confers to Littorina littorea a particular adaptive advantage in its changeable marine habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Òscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Elena Jiménez-Martí
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Selene Gil-Moreno
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Oliver Zerbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sílvia Atrian
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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Liu W, Worms IAM, Herlin-Boime N, Truffier-Boutry D, Michaud-Soret I, Mintz E, Vidaud C, Rollin-Genetet F. Interaction of silver nanoparticles with metallothionein and ceruloplasmin: impact on metal substitution by Ag(i), corona formation and enzymatic activity. Nanoscale 2017; 9:6581-6594. [PMID: 28474724 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01075c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The release of Ag(i) from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) unintentionally spread in the environment is suspected to impair some key biological functions. In comparison with AgNO3, in-depth investigations were carried out into the interactions between citrate-coated AgNPs (20 nm) and two metalloproteins, intracellular metallothionein 1 (MT1) and plasmatic ceruloplasmin (Cp), both involved in metal homeostasis. These were chosen for their physiological relevance and the diversity of their various native metals bound because of thiol groups and/or their structural differences. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies were used to study the effects of such intricate interactions on AgNP dissolution and proteins in terms of metal exchanges and structural modifications. The isolation of the different populations formed together with on-line quantifications of their metal content were performed by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) linked to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). For the 2 proteins, Ag(i) dissolved from the AgNPs, substituted for the native metal, to different extents and with different types of dynamics for the corona formed: the MT1 rapidly surrounded the AgNPs with the transient reticulate corona thus promoting their dissolution associated with the metal substitution, whereas the Cp established a more stable layer around the AgNPs, with a limited substitution of Cu and a decrease in its ferroxidase activity. The accessibility and lability of the metal binding sites inside these proteins and their relative affinities for Ag(i) are discussed, taking into account the structural characteristics of the proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- CEA, DRF-BIAM, Site de Marcoule, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France.
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Irvine GW, Stillman MJ. Residue Modification and Mass Spectrometry for the Investigation of Structural and Metalation Properties of Metallothionein and Cysteine-Rich Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050913. [PMID: 28445428 PMCID: PMC5454826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural information regarding metallothioneins (MTs) has been hard to come by due to its highly dynamic nature in the absence of metal-thiolate cluster formation and crystallization difficulties. Thus, typical spectroscopic methods for structural determination are limited in their usefulness when applied to MTs. Mass spectrometric methods have revolutionized our understanding of protein dynamics, structure, and folding. Recently, advances have been made in residue modification mass spectrometry in order to probe the hard-to-characterize structure of apo- and partially metalated MTs. By using different cysteine specific alkylation reagents, time dependent electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and step-wise “snapshot” ESI-MS, we are beginning to understand the dynamics of the conformers of apo-MT and related species. In this review we highlight recent papers that use these and similar techniques for structure elucidation and attempt to explain in a concise manner the data interpretations of these complex methods. We expect increasing resolution in our picture of the structural conformations of metal-free MTs as these techniques are more widely adopted and combined with other promising tools for structural elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Irvine
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Martin J Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
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46
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Wong DL, Merrifield-MacRae ME, Stillman MJ. Lead(II) Binding in Metallothioneins. Met Ions Life Sci 2017; 17:/books/9783110434330/9783110434330-009/9783110434330-009.xml. [PMID: 28731302 DOI: 10.1515/9783110434330-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal exposure has long been associated with metallothionein (MT) regulation and its functions. MT is a ubiquitous, cysteine-rich protein that is involved in homeostatic metal response for the essential metals zinc and copper, as well as detoxification of heavy metals; the most commonly proposed being cadmium. MT binds in vivo to a number of metals in addition to zinc, cadmium and copper, such as bismuth. In vitro, metallation with a wide range of metals (especially mercury, arsenic, and lead) has been reported using a variety of analytical methods. To fully understand MT and its role with lead metabolism, we will describe how MT interacts with a wide variety of metals that bind in vitro. In general, affinity to the metal-binding cysteine residues of MT follows that of metal binding to thiols: Zn(II) < Pb(II) < Cd (II) < Cu(I) < Ag(I) < Hg(II) < Bi(III). To introduce the metal binding properties that we feel directly relate to the metallation of metallothionein by Pb(II), we will explore MT's interactions with metals long known as toxic, particularly, Cd(II), Hg(II), and As(III), along with xenobiotic metals, and how these metal-binding studies complement those of lead binding. Lead's effects on an organism's physiological functions are not fully understood, but it is known that chronic exposure inflicts amongst other factors pernicious anemia and developmental issues in the brain, especially in children who are more vulnerable to its toxic effects. Understanding the interaction of lead with metallothioneins throughout the biosphere, from bacteria, to algae, to fish, to humans, is important in determining pathways for lead to enter and damage physiologically significant protein function, and thereby its toxicity.
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Merlos Rodrigo MA, Molina-López J, Jimenez Jimenez AM, Planells Del Pozo E, Adam P, Eckschlager T, Zitka O, Richtera L, Adam V. The Application of Curve Fitting on the Voltammograms of Various Isoforms of Metallothioneins-Metal Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030610. [PMID: 28287470 PMCID: PMC5372626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation of metallothioneins (MTs) is one of the defense strategies by which organisms protect themselves from metal-induced toxicity. MTs belong to a family of proteins comprising MT-1, MT-2, MT-3, and MT-4 classes, with multiple isoforms within each class. The main aim of this study was to determine the behavior of MT in dependence on various externally modelled environments, using electrochemistry. In our study, the mass distribution of MTs was characterized using MALDI-TOF. After that, adsorptive transfer stripping technique with differential pulse voltammetry was selected for optimization of electrochemical detection of MTs with regard to accumulation time and pH effects. Our results show that utilization of 0.5 M NaCl, pH 6.4, as the supporting electrolyte provides a highly complicated fingerprint, showing a number of non-resolved voltammograms. Hence, we further resolved the voltammograms exhibiting the broad and overlapping signals using curve fitting. The separated signals were assigned to the electrochemical responses of several MT complexes with zinc(II), cadmium(II), and copper(II), respectively. Our results show that electrochemistry could serve as a great tool for metalloproteomic applications to determine the ratio of metal ion bonds within the target protein structure, however, it provides highly complicated signals, which require further resolution using a proper statistical method, such as curve fitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Merlos Rodrigo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jorge Molina-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Avenida Del Conocimiento S/N Biomedical Research Centre, Health Campus, 18001 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ana Maria Jimenez Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Elena Planells Del Pozo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Avenida Del Conocimiento S/N Biomedical Research Centre, Health Campus, 18001 Granada, Spain.
| | - Pavlina Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Pedrosa J, Gravato C, Campos D, Cardoso P, Figueira E, Nowak C, Soares AMVM, Barata C, Pestana JLT. Investigating heritability of cadmium tolerance in Chironomus riparius natural populations: A physiological approach. Chemosphere 2017; 170:83-94. [PMID: 28006760 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physiological responses allow populations to cope with metal contamination and can be involved in the evolution of tolerance under historical metal contamination scenarios. Here we investigate physiological aspects that might be underlying the heritable high tolerance to cadmium (Cd) in two Chironomus riparius populations collected from historically metal contaminated sites in comparison to two populations from reference sites. To evaluate differences in the physiological response to short-term Cd exposure, protein expression profiles, metallothioneins [MTs] and several antioxidant defences such as total glutathione (GSHt), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferases [GSTs], were measured in all four populations reared for at least 8 generations under laboratory clean conditions. Cd-induced oxidative damage in lipids and energy related parameters (energy consumption and energy reserves) were also assessed. Results showed two major gradients of protein profiles according to Cd concentration and population tolerance. Furthermore, Cd-tolerant populations showed higher baseline levels of MTs and GSHt while Cd-sensitive populations, collected from reference sites, showed significant induction of GSHt levels with Cd exposure that were nonetheless insufficient to avoid increased oxidative damage to lipids. Cd exposure had no clear effects on the antioxidant enzymes or energy reserves but triggered a general increase in energy consumption. Finally, energy consumption was higher in Cd-tolerant populations across experimental conditions. Altogether, results demonstrate that inherited Cd-tolerance in these midge populations is related, at least in part, with different constitutive levels and plasticity of different defence mechanisms confirming the validity of using multiple physiological traits when studying evolution of tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedrosa
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Carlos Gravato
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Cardoso
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carsten Nowak
- Conservation Genetics Group, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum of Frankfurt, Clamecystrasse 12, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Buzzi NS, Marcovecchio JE. A baseline study of the metallothioneins induction and its reversibility in Neohelice granulata from the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina). Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 112:452-458. [PMID: 27439626 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by heavy metals causes serious effects in marine systems. Nowadays, the combination of chemical and biological data is recommended in monitoring programs. Metallothioneins (MT) are early-warning signals of metal exposure and are widely used in biomonitoring. The present research evaluates the heavy metals levels in sediments and the MT synthesis in the crab Neohelice granulata from the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE). Then, the recovery capabilities of N. granulata followed by a depuration phase are assessed. Results demonstrate a slow decline in the level of metals in the study area. In relation to MT, female crabs showed elevated MT when compared to males. Furthermore, MT synthesis diminished after the depuration phase. These data constitute the first MT information in organisms from the BBE and may be considered as baseline for future studies in this matter. Although pollution level found was low, further biomonitoring considering both types of data is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Buzzi
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET-CCT Bahía Blanca), Camino La Carrindanga Km7, Edificio E1, C.C. 804, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - J E Marcovecchio
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET-CCT Bahía Blanca), Camino La Carrindanga Km7, Edificio E1, C.C. 804, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Universidad Tecnológica Nacional - FRBB, 11 de Abril 445, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Universidad FASTA, Gascón 3151, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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50
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Ziller A, Yadav RK, Capdevila M, Reddy MS, Vallon L, Marmeisse R, Atrian S, Palacios Ò, Fraissinet-Tachet L. Metagenomics analysis reveals a new metallothionein family: Sequence and metal-binding features of new environmental cysteine-rich proteins. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 167:1-11. [PMID: 27886631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins are cysteine-rich proteins, which function as (i) metal carriers in basal cell metabolism and (ii) protective metal chelators in conditions of metal excess. Metallothioneins have been characterized from different eukaryotic model and cultivable species. Presently, they are categorized in 15 families but evolutionary relationships between these metallothionein families remain unresolved. Several cysteine-rich protein encoding genes that conferred Cd-tolerance in Cd-sensitive yeast mutants have previously been isolated from soil eukaryotic metatranscriptomes. They were called CRPs for "cysteine-rich proteins". These proteins, of unknown taxonomic origins, share conserved cysteine motifs and could be considered as metallothioneins. In the present work, we analyzed these CRPs with respect to their amino acid sequence features and their metal-binding abilities towards Cd, Zn and Cu metal ions. Sequence analysis revealed that they share common features with different known metallothionein families, but also exhibit unique specific features. Noticeably, CRPs display two separate cysteine-rich domains which, when expressed separately in yeast, confer Cd-tolerance. The N-terminal domain contains some conserved atypical Cys motifs, such as one CCC and two CXCC ones. Five CRPs were expressed and purified as recombinant proteins and their metal-binding characteristics were studied. All these CRPs chelated Cd(II), Zn(II) and Cu(I), although displaying a better capacity for Zn(II) coordination. All CRPs are able to confer Cd-tolerance, and four of them confer Zn-tolerance in the Zn-sensitive zrc1Δ yeast mutant. We designated these CRPs as environmental metallothioneins belonging to a new formerly undescribed metallothionein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Ziller
- Microbial Ecology, CNRS UMR 5557, INRA UMR 1418, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Rajiv Kumar Yadav
- Microbial Ecology, CNRS UMR 5557, INRA UMR 1418, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laurent Vallon
- Microbial Ecology, CNRS UMR 5557, INRA UMR 1418, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Roland Marmeisse
- Microbial Ecology, CNRS UMR 5557, INRA UMR 1418, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Silvia Atrian
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Òscar Palacios
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurence Fraissinet-Tachet
- Microbial Ecology, CNRS UMR 5557, INRA UMR 1418, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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