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Xie Y, Guan D, Deng Y, Sato Y, Luo Y, Chen G. Factors hindering the degradation of pharmaceuticals from human urine in an iron-activated persulfate system. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:130-148. [PMID: 37778790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the degradation of clofibric acid (CFA), bezafibrate (BZF), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in synthetic human urine using a novel mesoporous iron powder-activated persulfate system (mFe-PS system), and identified the factors limiting their degradation in synthetic human urine. A kinetic model was established to expose the radical production in various reaction conditions, and experiments were conducted to verify the modeling results. In the phosphate-containing mFe-PS system, the 120 min removal efficiency of CFA decreased from 95.1% to 76.6% as the phosphate concentration increased from 0.32 to 6.45 mmol/L, but recovered to 90.5% when phosphate concentration increased to 16.10 mmol/L. Meanwhile, the increased concentration of phosphate from 0.32 to 16.10 mmol/L reduced the BZF degradation efficacy from 91.5% to 79.0%, whereas SMX removal improved from 37.3% to 62.9%. The mFe-PS system containing (bi)carbonate, from 4.20 to 166.70 mmol/L, reduced CFA and BZF removal efficiencies from 100% to 76.8% and 80.4%, respectively, and SMX from 83.5% to 56.7% within a 120-min reaction time. In addition, alkaline conditions (pH ≥ 8.0) inhibited CFA and BZF degradations, while nonacidic pH (pH ≥ 7.0) remarkably inhibited SMX degradation. Results of the kinetic model indicated the formation of phosphate (H2PO4·/HPO4·-) and/or carbonate radicals (CO3·-) could limit pharmaceutical removal. The transformation products (TPs) of the pharmaceuticals revealed more incompletely oxidized TPs occurred in the phosphate- and (bi)carbonate-containing mFe-PS systems, and indicated that H2PO4·/HPO4·- mainly degraded pharmaceuticals via a benzene ring-opening reaction while CO3·- preferentially oxidized pharmaceuticals via a hydroxylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiruiwen Xie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Dao Guan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Yangfan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yugo Sato
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Lab, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Pan S, Guo Z, Dai H, Zhang H, Zeng Z, Wang M. Assessment of the water quality and toxicity effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio) of a stream near a phosphorus chemical plant in Guizhou Province, southwestern China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:94205-94217. [PMID: 37526819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28850-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
To reveal the influence of the phosphorus chemical industry (PCI) on regional water environmental quality and safety, the water quality and ecotoxicological effects of a stream near a phosphorus chemical plant (PCP) in Guizhou Province, southwestern China, were investigated based on water samples collected from the stream. The results showed that the average concentrations of NH3-N, TN, P, F-, Hg, Mn, and Ni were 3.14 mg/L, 30.09 mg/L, 3.34 mg/L, 1.18 mg/L, 1.06 μg/L, 45.82 μg/L, and 11.30 μg/L, respectively. The overall water quality of the stream was in the heavily polluted category, and NH3-N, TN, P, F-, and Hg were the main pollution factors. The degree of pollution was in the order of rainy period > transitional period > dry period, and the most polluted sample site was 1100 m from the PCP. After 28 days of exposure to stream water, there was no significant change in the growth parameters of zebrafish. The gills of zebrafish showed a small amount of epithelial cell detachment and a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, and the liver tissue displayed a large amount of hepatocyte degeneration with loose and lightly stained cytoplasm. Compared with the control group, the %DNA in tail, tail length, tail moment, and olive tail moment were significantly increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the water sample caused DNA damage in the peripheral blood erythrocytes of zebrafish. The stream water in the PCI area was found to be polluted and exhibited significant toxicity to zebrafish, which could pose a threat to regional ecological security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Pan
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Ziyu Guo
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hengmei Dai
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhidong Zeng
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
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Rocha CS, Kochi LY, Brito JCM, Kitamura RSA, Carneiro DM, Dos Reis MV, Gomes MP. Pharmaceutical-contaminated irrigation water: implications for ornamental plant production and phytoremediation using enrofloxacin-accumulating species. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:97253-97266. [PMID: 37587399 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Enrofloxacin (Enro) has been widely encountered in natural water sources, and that water is often used for irrigation in crop production systems. Due to its phytotoxicity and accumulation in plant tissues, the presence of Enro in water used for crop irrigation may represent economical and toxicological concerns. Here, we irrigated two ornamental plant species (Zantedeschia rehmannii Engl. and Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel.) with water artificially contaminated with the antimicrobial enrofloxacin (Enro; 0, 5, 10, 100, and 1000 μg L-1) to evaluate its effects on ornamental plant production, as well as its accumulation and distribution among different plant organs (roots, leaves, bulbs, and flower stems), and examined the economic and environmental safety of commercializing plants produced under conditions of pharmaceutical contamination. The presence of Enro in irrigation water was not found to disrupt plant growth (biomass) or flower production. Both species accumulated Enro, with its internal concentrations distributed as the following: roots > leaves > bulbs > flower stems. In addition to plant tolerance, the content of Enro in plant organs indicated that both Z. rehmannii and S. wallisii could be safety produced under Enro-contaminated conditions and would not significantly contribute to contaminant transfer. The high capacity of those plants to accumulate Enro in their tissues, associated with their tolerance to it, indicates them for use in Enro-phytoremediation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Silva Rocha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Leticia Yoshie Kochi
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Júlio Cesar Moreira Brito
- Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro, 80, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30510-010, Brazil
- Laboratório de Micropropagação de Plantas, Departamento de Fitotecnia E Fitossanidade, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Rua Dos Funcionário, 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba, Paraná, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Daniella Moreira Carneiro
- Horto Botânico, Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Valquíria Dos Reis
- Horto Botânico, Departamento de Agricultura, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia de Plantas Sob Estresse, Departamento de Botânica, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Avenida Coronel Francisco H. Dos Santos, 100, Centro Politécnico Jardim das Américas, C.P. 19031, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
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Li F, Bao Y, Chen L, Su Z, Tang Y, Wen D. Screening of priority antibiotics in Chinese seawater based on the persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity and resistance. Environ Int 2023; 179:108140. [PMID: 37595537 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are emerging pollutants that have detrimental effects on both target and non-target organisms in the environment. However, current methods for environmental risk assessment primarily focus on the risk to non-target organisms in ecosystems, overlooking a crucial risk of antibiotics - the induction of resistance in targeted bacteria. To address this oversight, we have incorporated resistance (R) risk with persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity (PBT) to establish a more comprehensive PBTR (persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity, and resistance) framework for antibiotic-specific risk assessment. Using the PBTR framework, we evaluated 74 antibiotics detected in Chinese seawater from 2000 to 2021, and identified priority antibiotics. Our analysis revealed that the priority antibiotics with R risk accounted for the largest proportion (50% to 70%), followed by P risk (40% to 58%), T risk (16% to 35%) and B risk (0 to 13%). To further categorize these priority antibiotics, we assigned them a risk level according to their fulfillment of criteria related to P, B, T, and R. Antibiotics meeting all four indicators were classified as Grade I, representing the highest risk level. Grade II and Grade III were assigned to antibiotics meeting three or two indicators, respectively. Antibiotics meeting only one indicator were classified as Grade IV, representing the lowest risk level. The majority of priority antibiotics fell into Grade IV, indicating low risk (55% to 79%), followed by Grade III (16% to 45%). The highest risk antibiotic identified in this study was clindamycin (CLIN), categorized as Grade II, in the East China Sea. Our findings aligned with previous studies for 25 antibiotics, affirming the validity of the PBTR framework. Moreover, we identified 13 new priority antibiotics, highlighting the advancement of this approach. This study provides a feasible screening strategy and monitoring recommendations for priority antibiotics in Chinese seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, China
| | - Yingyu Bao
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China
| | - Lyujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, China
| | - Yushi Tang
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, USA
| | - Donghui Wen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China.
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da Cunha de Medeiros P, Nascimento CC, Perobelli JE. Antineoplastic drugs in environmentally relevant concentrations cause endocrine disruption and testicular dysfunction in experimental conditions. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 100:104122. [PMID: 37031830 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate (MTX) are among the most widely consumed antineoplastic drugs worldwide. These drugs are known as emerging pollutants, once after consumption are excreted by feces and/or urine in a mixture of compounds and metabolites, entering the aquatic environment due to low efficiency in drug removal by effluent treatment plants. Considering that these substances may interact with the DNA, causing metabolic and morphological changes, leading to cell death, the present study aimed to investigate the potential impact of a long-term exposure to these antineoplastic drugs in environmentally relevant concentrations, on testicular morphophysiology of rats. Male Wistar rats (70 days old) were distributed into 4 groups (n = 10 / group): control, received only vehicle; MTX, received methotrexate at 10ngL-1 in drinking water; 5-FU received 5-fluorouracil at 10ngL-1 in drinking water; and MTX+ 5FU, received the combination of MTX and 5-FU at 10ngL-1 each. The treatment period was from postnatal day (PND)70 to PND160, when the animals were euthanized for evaluation of testicular toxicity and changes in endocrine signaling. In these experimental conditions, both drugs acted as endocrine disruptors causing cytotoxic effects in the testes of exposed rats, altering the structural pattern of seminiferous tubules and leading to oxidative stress even at environmental concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma da Cunha de Medeiros
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cinthia C Nascimento
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana E Perobelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Toxicology - LATOEX, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, 11070-100 Santos, SP, Brazil.
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Rojo-Nieto E, Jahnke A. Chemometers: an integrative tool for chemical assessment in multimedia environments. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3193-3205. [PMID: 36826793 PMCID: PMC10013656 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06882f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
We propose novel chemometers - passive equilibrium samplers of, e.g., silicone - as an integrative tool for the assessment of hydrophobic organic compounds in multimedia environments. The traditional way of assessing levels of organic pollutants across different environmental compartments is to compare the chemical concentration normalized to the major sorptive phase in two or more media. These sorptive phases for hydrophobic organic compounds differ between compartments, e.g., lipids in biota and organic carbon in sediments. Hence, comparability across media can suffer due to differences in sorptive capacities, but also extraction protocols and bioavailability. Chemometers overcome these drawbacks; they are a common, universal and well-defined polymer reference phase for sampling of a large range of nonpolar organic pollutants in different matrices like biota, sediment and water. When bringing the chemometer into direct contact with the sample, the chemicals partition between the sample and the polymer until thermodynamic equilibrium partitioning is established. At equilibrium, the chemical concentrations in the chemometers can be determined and directly compared between media, e.g., between organisms of different trophic levels or inhabiting different areas, between organs within an organism or between biotic and abiotic compartments, amongst others. Chemometers hence allow expressing the data on a common basis, as the equilibrium partitioning concentrations in the polymer, circumventing normalizations. The approach is based on chemical activity rather than total concentrations, and as such, gives a measure of the "effective concentration" of a compound or a mixture. Furthermore, chemical activity is the main driver for partitioning, biouptake and toxicity. As an additional benefit, the extracts of the chemometers only require limited cleanup efforts, avoiding introduction of a bias between chemicals of different persistence, and can be submitted to both chemical analysis and/or bioanalytical profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rojo-Nieto
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Ecological Chemistry, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Annika Jahnke
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Ecological Chemistry, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Fatima H, Bhattacharya A, Khare SK. Efficient remediation of meropenem using Bacillus tropicus EMB20 β-lactamase immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles. J Environ Manage 2023; 329:117054. [PMID: 36549054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reducing antibiotic pollution in the environment in essential to preserve the effectiveness of the available antibiotics. In the present study, β-lactamase from Bacillus tropicus EMB20 was immobilized onto magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) through covalent coupling method. The nanoconjugate was structurally characterized using SEM, FTIR, UV-spectrometry, and XRD diffraction analyses. The prepared enzyme nanoconjugate was thereafter used for remediation of meropenem (Mer) and showed complete removal of 10 mgL-1 Mer within 3 h of treatment. Moreover, the immobilized enzyme was successfully recovered and reused for up to 5 cycles with 57% removal efficiency. The immobilized preparation was also observed to be effective in the removal of higher Mer concentrations of 25 and 50 mgL-1 with 79% and 75% removal efficiency, respectively. The major hydrolyzed product of Mer was found to be opened-lactam ring structure with m/z 402.16. The hydrolyzed product(s) were observed to be non-toxic as revealed through microbial MTT, confocal microscopy, and growth studies. Under the mixed conditions of 50 mgL-1 ampicillin (Amp), 10 mgL-1 amoxicillin (Amox) and, Mer, the nanoconjugate showed simultaneous complete removal of Amp and Mer, while 49% Amox removal was detected after 3 h of treatment. Moreover, the nanoconjugates also showed concomitant complete removal of antibiotic mixture with in 2 h from aquaculture wastewater. Overall, the study comes out with an efficient approach for remediation of β-lactam antibiotics from contaminated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huma Fatima
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Amrik Bhattacharya
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Khare
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
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Izzudin NM, Jalil AA, Ali MW, Aziz FFA, Azami MS, Hassan NS, Fauzi AA, Ibrahim N, Saravanan R, Hassim MH. Promoting a well-dispersion of MoO 3 nanoparticles on fibrous silica catalyst via one-pot synthesis for enhanced photoredox environmental pollutants efficiency. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136456. [PMID: 36150498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of pharmaceutical compounds and heavy metals in the aquatic environment has resulted in complications in the treatment process and thus, causing uproar among the citizens. The radical-based photocatalysis technology has aroused as an excellent method to eliminate both heavy metal and pharmaceutical compounds in the water. Herein, reported the utilization of the microemulsion technique for the preparation of nanoporous fibrous silica-molybdenum oxide (FSMo) towards simultaneous photocatalytic abatement of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and tetracycline (TC). The FESEM analysis showed the spherical morphology of the FSMo catalyst with dendrimeric silica fiber. The synthesized FSMo catalyst exhibited narrowed bandgap, high crystallinity, and well Mo element dispersion for enhanced photo-redox of Cr(VI) and TC. Remarkably, simultaneous remediation of the Cr(VI) and TC over FSMo demonstrated superior photocatalytic efficiency, 69% and 75%, respectively, than in the individual system, possibly due to the effective separation of photoinduced charges. The introduction of the Mo element to the silica framework via microemulsion technique demonstrated better dispersion of Mo compared to the incipient wetness impregnation method and thus, yielded higher photocatalytic activity towards simultaneous removal of TC and Cr(VI). Besides, quenching experiments revealed the electrons and holes as the active species that play a dominant role in the simultaneous photo-redox of Cr(VI) and TC. Lastly, the FSMo catalyst demonstrated high stability after four continuous cycles of simultaneous photocatalysis reactions, implying its potential as a suitable material for practical wastewater treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Izzudin
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - A A Jalil
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - M W Ali
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - F F A Aziz
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M S Azami
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - N S Hassan
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - A A Fauzi
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - N Ibrahim
- Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - R Saravanan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti of Tarapacá, Avda. General Velasquez, 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - M H Hassim
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Rebuzzini P, Fabozzi G, Cimadomo D, Ubaldi FM, Rienzi L, Zuccotti M, Garagna S. Multi- and Transgenerational Effects of Environmental Toxicants on Mammalian Reproduction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193163. [PMID: 36231124 PMCID: PMC9563050 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental toxicants (ETs) are an exogenous chemical group diffused in the environment that contaminate food, water, air and soil, and through the food chain, they bioaccumulate into the organisms. In mammals, the exposure to ETs can affect both male and female fertility and their reproductive health through complex alterations that impact both gametogeneses, among other processes. In humans, direct exposure to ETs concurs to the declining of fertility, and its transmission across generations has been recently proposed. However, multi- and transgenerational inheritances of ET reprotoxicity have only been demonstrated in animals. Here, we review recent studies performed on laboratory model animals investigating the effects of ETs, such as BPA, phthalates, pesticides and persistent contaminants, on the reproductive system transmitted through generations. This includes multigenerational effects, where exposure to the compounds cannot be excluded, and transgenerational effects in unexposed animals. Additionally, we report on epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone tails and noncoding RNAs, which may play a mechanistic role in a nongenetic transmission of environmental information exposure through the germline across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rebuzzini
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Via Ferrata 9, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.Z.); (S.G.); Tel.: +39-0382-986323 (P.R. & M.Z. & S.G.)
| | - Gemma Fabozzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Via De Notaris 2B, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Cimadomo
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Via De Notaris 2B, 00197 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Laura Rienzi
- Clinica Valle Giulia, GeneraLife IVF, Via De Notaris 2B, 00197 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via Sant’Andrea 34, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zuccotti
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Via Ferrata 9, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.Z.); (S.G.); Tel.: +39-0382-986323 (P.R. & M.Z. & S.G.)
| | - Silvia Garagna
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Via Ferrata 9, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Centre for Health Technologies (CHT), University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.Z.); (S.G.); Tel.: +39-0382-986323 (P.R. & M.Z. & S.G.)
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López-López J, Tejeda-Ochoa A, López-Beltrán A, Herrera-Ramírez J, Méndez-Herrera P. Sunlight Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Different Botanical Extracts and Zinc Acetate as a Precursor. Molecules 2021; 27:6. [PMID: 35011237 PMCID: PMC8746174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the assessment of Azadirachta indica, Tagetes erecta, Chrysanthemum morifolium, and Lentinula edodes extracts as catalysts for the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed. The photocatalytic properties of ZnO NPs were investigated by the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under sunlight irradiation. UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric (TGA), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET) were used for the characterization of samples. The XRD results indicate that all synthesized nanoparticles have a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure, which was confirmed by TEM. Further, TEM analysis proved the formation of spherical and hemispherical nanoparticles of ZnO with a size in the range of 14-32 nm, which were found in aggregate shape; such a size was well below the size of the particles synthesized with no extract (~43 nm). ZnO NPs produced with Tagetes erecta and Lentinula edodes showed the best photocatalytic activity, matching with the maximum adsorbed MB molecules (45.41 and 58.73%, respectively). MB was completely degraded in 45 min using Tagetes erecta and 120 min using Lentinula edodes when subjected to solar irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan López-López
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. Las Américas S/N, Culiacan 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; (J.L.-L.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - Armando Tejeda-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnología, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Chihuahua 31136, Chih, Mexico;
| | - Ana López-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. Las Américas S/N, Culiacan 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; (J.L.-L.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - José Herrera-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnología, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Chihuahua 31136, Chih, Mexico;
| | - Perla Méndez-Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Av. Las Américas S/N, Culiacan 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico; (J.L.-L.); (A.L.-B.)
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11
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Ishida Y, Aoki H, Miyasaka T, Aoyagi Y, Miura D, Shinya A. Effects of Removal Conditions on Mercury Amount Remaining in the Oral Cavity and inside Drainage System after Removing Dental Amalgams. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182413135. [PMID: 34948745 PMCID: PMC8700763 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mercury is produced and drained into the environment by removing dental amalgams, which may cause mercury pollution. This study aimed to clarify the mercury amount remaining in the oral cavity and inside the drain system after removal. The effects of the removal conditions and differences in drainage systems were also investigated. Dental amalgams filled in the tooth and placed in a phantom head were removed using an air turbine under several conditions (two removal methods, absence of cooling water, and intraoral suction). Then, the oral cavity was rinsed with 100 mL of water (oral rinse water), and 500 mL of water was suctioned to wash the inside of the drainage system (system rinse water). Both water samples were collected in two ways (amalgam separator and gas-liquid separator), and their mercury amounts were measured. It was found that the amount of mercury left in the oral cavity and drainage system after dental amalgams removal could be reduced when the amalgams were removed by being cut into fragments as well as using cooling water and intraoral suction. In addition, using amalgam separators can significantly reduce the amount of mercury in the discharge water and prevent the draining of mercury into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ishida
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (H.A.); (T.M.); (Y.A.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3261-8658
| | - Harumi Aoki
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (H.A.); (T.M.); (Y.A.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Taira Miyasaka
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (H.A.); (T.M.); (Y.A.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Yusuke Aoyagi
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (H.A.); (T.M.); (Y.A.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Daisuke Miura
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (H.A.); (T.M.); (Y.A.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Akikazu Shinya
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (H.A.); (T.M.); (Y.A.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
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12
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Vigneshwaran S, Sirajudheen P, Nabeena CP, Sajna VP, Meenakshi S. Photocatalytic performance of chitosan tethered magnetic Fe 2O 3-like (3D/2D) hybrid for the dynamic removal of anionic dyes: Degradation and mechanistic pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2088-2099. [PMID: 34097963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Efficient photocatalysis methods with a production of less number of toxic intermediates are extremely advantageous for water decontamination. The degradation efficiency, specific surface area, stability and porosity will be improving by wrapping of Fe2O3 using appropriate biopolymers. In this work, Fe2O3 reinforced chitosan (Fe2O3@CS) nanocomposite was fabricated using co-precipitation method. The chitosan makes available its surface for the useful generation of the nanocomposite. These wrapping of Fe2O3 on chitosan provides synergistically improved properties that could be attributed to the elevated partition efficiency and faster transfer of the photo-generated charge carriers, which was substantiated by the experimental outcomes from photoluminescence and ESR spectroscopy. The results obtained from DRS analysis entail the reduction in band gap of Fe2O3@CS (2.52 eV) as compared with 3.52 eV of Fe2O3. The results indicated that 89.2% and 94.6% were the maximum degradations correspondingly for MO and OG. The trapping investigation emphasized the involvement of OH radicals in the degradation of dyes over Fe2O3@CS composites. The five cycles of regeneration experiment recommended the superior photostability of the fabricated Fe2O3@CS composite. This work proposed a practical arrangement and subsequent influence of an advanced photocatalyst for the useful remediation dyes from contaminated water without causing any secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Vigneshwaran
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302 Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palliyalil Sirajudheen
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302 Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Chemistry, Pocker Sahib Memorial Orphanage College, Tirurangadi, 676 306 Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - Valiya Peedikakkal Sajna
- Department of Chemistry, Pocker Sahib Memorial Orphanage College, Tirurangadi, 676 306 Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sankaran Meenakshi
- Department of Chemistry, The Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed to be University, Gandhigram, 624 302 Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Donovan MK, Burkepile DE, Kratochwill C, Shlesinger T, Sully S, Oliver TA, Hodgson G, Freiwald J, van Woesik R. Local conditions magnify coral loss after marine heatwaves. Science 2021; 372:977-980. [PMID: 34045353 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd9464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Climate change threatens coral reefs by causing heat stress events that lead to widespread coral bleaching and mortality. Given the global nature of these mass coral mortality events, recent studies argue that mitigating climate change is the only path to conserve coral reefs. Using a global analysis of 223 sites, we show that local stressors act synergistically with climate change to kill corals. Local factors such as high abundance of macroalgae or urchins magnified coral loss in the year after bleaching. Notably, the combined effects of increasing heat stress and macroalgae intensified coral loss. Our results offer an optimistic premise that effective local management, alongside global efforts to mitigate climate change, can help coral reefs survive the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary K Donovan
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science and School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Deron E Burkepile
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Chelsey Kratochwill
- Institute for Global Ecology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Tom Shlesinger
- Institute for Global Ecology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Shannon Sully
- Institute for Global Ecology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Thomas A Oliver
- Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, Honolulu, HI 96818, USA
| | | | - Jan Freiwald
- Reef Check Foundation, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Robert van Woesik
- Institute for Global Ecology, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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14
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Liu S, Chen F, Zhang Y, Cai L, Qiu W, Yang M. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 mediates estrogen effect in red common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108868. [PMID: 32791253 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) plays a crucial role in the regulation of non-genomic estrogen effect. However, the research about fish GPER1 is still limited. The present study aims to obtain the full-length sequence of gper1 from red common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and characterize its expression pattern, and to further explore its potential role in regulating the environmental estrogen induced immunotoxicity. We first cloned the full-length mRNA and genomic sequences of gper1 in C. carpio by PCR, and obtained a 1908 bp sequence with a 1062 bp open reading frame encoding GPER1 protein with 353 amino acids. Additionally, qRT-PCR showed that gper1 was expressed across different tissues in C. carpio, with the highest expression in the brain, which is similar to that in zebrafish. Moreover, applying a luciferase reporter system, we found that the promotor sequence of gper1 has strong activity, and similar to GPER1 in other animals, carp GPER1 also has seven-transmembrane domains, indicating its potential functions. We confirmed the binding ability of GPER1 with G1 and G15 in primary macrophages of C. carpio by testing the related gene expression levels after 6 h exposure, and similar to G1, bisphenol A (BPA), a typical environmental estrogen, could interact with GPER1 to increase the Ca2+ concentration in macrophages treated for 30 min. Furthermore, inhibition of GPER1 with GPER1 antagonist G36 rescued the cellular immunotoxicity caused by BPA, which further suggested that carp GPER1 could mediate the estrogen effect. Our findings contribute to better understanding of the role of carp GPER1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ling Cai
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, PRC, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
| | - Wenhui Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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15
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Yoo JW, Cho H, Lee KW, Won EJ, Lee YM. Combined effects of heavy metals (Cd, As, and Pb): Comparative study using conceptual models and the antioxidant responses in the brackish water flea. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 239:108863. [PMID: 32781295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The combined effect of toxic inducers has emerged as a challenging topic, particularly due to their inconsistent impacts on the environment. Using toxic unit (TU) based on LC50 value, we investigated the 48 h acute toxicities of the following combinations: Cd + As, Cd + Pb, As + Pb, and Cd + As + Pb, and binary and ternary combined effects were interpreted using concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) model. The molecular effects of these combinations were further examined on the basis of gene expression (four GST and two SOD isoforms) and antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD and GST). The CA-predicted LC50 was similar to the observed results, indicating that the CA model is more applicable for evaluating the combined effects of the metal mixtures. Synergistic effects (ΣTULC50 < 0.8) were observed for the mixtures As + Pb and Cd + Pb, while additive effects (0.8 < ΣTULC50 < 1.2) were observed for the mixtures Cd + As + Pb and Cd + As. No antagonistic effects were observed in this study. Molecular biomarkers for oxidative stress caused by metals, as well as traditional endpoints such as lethality, have shown a clear response in assessing the toxicity of binary and ternary mixtures. This study opens up a new avenue for the use of biomarkers to assess the combined effects of metals in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Won Yoo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 385, Haeyang-ro, Youngdo, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Marine Science & Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Convergence Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Cantoni B, Delli Compagni R, Turolla A, Epifani I, Antonelli M. A statistical assessment of micropollutants occurrence, time trend, fate and human health risk using left-censored water quality data. Chemosphere 2020; 257:127095. [PMID: 32512326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the presence of micropollutants in drinking water has become an issue of growing global concern. Due to their low concentrations, monitoring databases are usually rich in censored data (e.g. samples with concentrations reported below the limit of quantification, LOQ) which are typically eliminated or replaced with a value arbitrarily chosen between 0 and LOQ. These conventional methods have some limitations and can lead to erroneous conclusions on: presence of micropollutants in the source water, treatment efficiencies, produced water quality and associated human health risk. In this work, an advanced approach, based on Maximum Likelihood Estimation method for left-censored data (MLELC), was applied on monitoring data of 19 contaminants (metals, volatile organic compounds, pesticides and perfluorinated compounds) in 5362 groundwater (GW) and 12,344 drinking water (DW) samples, collected from 2012 to 2017 in 28 drinking water treatment plants in an urbanized area. This study demonstrates the benefits of MLELC method, especially for high percentages of censored data. Data are used to build statistical distributions which can be effectively used for several applications, such as the time trend evaluation of GW micropollutant concentrations and the estimation of treatment removal efficiency, highlighting the adequacy or the need for an upgrade. Moreover, the MLELC method has been applied to assess the human health risk associated with micropollutants, indicating the high discrepancy in the estimations obtained with conventional methods, whose results do not follow precautionary or sustainability criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Cantoni
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Delli Compagni
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Turolla
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Ilenia Epifani
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Mathematics, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela Antonelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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17
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Gayathri V, Muralisankar T, Rajaram R, Muniasamy M, Santhanam P. Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Noyyal and Chinnar Rivers, Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India with Reference to Crabs (Gecarcinucidae)-A Baseline Study. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2020; 105:538-545. [PMID: 32968836 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02986-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) level in the water, sediment, and crabs were analyzed from Noyyal and Chinnar Rivers of the Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu, India. Based on our results, Noyyal River is considered as polluted environment due to the discharge of contaminants by various anthropogenic activities, whereas, Chinnar River maintained as unpolluted one due to its tributary nature of Noyyal River located in Western Ghats hills. The results showed that the heavy metals in water and sediments were higher in Noyyal River. Also, the level of bioaccumulation of studied metals and biochemical constituents were higher in the crab Spiralothelphusa hydrodroma sampled from Noyyal River than Barytelphusa cunicularis collected from Chinnar River. The present findings revealed that the crab sampled from Noyyal River had elevated heavy metals which lead to a significant increase in biochemical constituents to overcome the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gayathri
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Muralisankar
- Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - R Rajaram
- DNA Barcoding & Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Muniasamy
- Marine Ecology & Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Santhanam
- Marine Planktonology & Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Nowak M, Zawadzka K, Lisowska K. Occurrence of methylisothiazolinone in water and soil samples in Poland and its biodegradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Chemosphere 2020; 254:126723. [PMID: 32334247 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Methylisothiazolinone is a commonly used biocide that is released into natural environments. In this work, the ability of the fungal strain Phanerochaete chrysosporium DSM 1556 to biotransform this compound was evaluated. The tested strain was able to remove MIT (at concentrations 50 μg L-1 and 30 mg L-1) from the growth medium with the efficiency 90% after the first 6 h and 100% after 12 h of incubation. Moreover, for the first time, qualitative LC-MS/MS and GC-MS analysis showed monohydroxylated and dihydroxylated methylisothiazolinone and N-methylmalonamic acid as the main products of fungal biodegradation. The ecological toxicity of the tested biocide and its derivatives was also evaluated by using an acute toxicity test with Daphnia magna. An approximately 90% decrease in the toxicity of metabolites formed in the P. chrysosporium culture was noticed. The concentration of MIT in soil and water samples collected in Poland was assessed for the first time. The analysis showed that the selected locations in Poland are contaminated by MIT in the range from 1.04-10.08 μg L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nowak
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zawadzka
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lisowska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 12/16 Banacha Street, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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19
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Sakatoku A, Ishikawa M, Yamazaki K, Nakamachi T, Kamachi H, Tanaka D, Nakamura S. Molecular Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of a Metallothionein Gene from Septifer virgatus. Mar Biotechnol (NY) 2020; 22:488-497. [PMID: 32435938 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-09970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study provides a preliminary characterization of a metallothionein (MT) gene in Septifer virgatus and highlights its potential use in biomonitoring. The full-length SvMT cDNA and the complete sequence of the SvMT gene were identified using reverse transcriptase PCR coupled with the rapid amplification of cDNA ends and the primer walking method. The SvMT cDNA encodes a protein of 72 amino acids having nine classical Cys-X-Cys motifs. Moreover, the deduced amino acids contained the conserved motif (Cys-x-Cys-x(3)-Cys-Thr-Gly-x(3)-Cys-x-Cys-x(3)-Cys-x-Cys-Lys) of MT family 2. Its molecular mass and isoelectric point were estimated to be 7.01 kDa and 7.00, respectively. BLAST-based searching indicated that SvMT shared 81.0% amino acid sequence identity with Mytilus edulis MT-20-II. The SvMT gene has three coding exons and two introns. After exposure to 1 mg/L cadmium chloride, the expression of SvMT increased 15-fold by 3 days (d), with a maximum expression of 27-fold by 5 d compared with the pre-exposure level. After exposure to 2 mg/L zinc chloride, the expression of SvMT increased 2.5-fold by 3 d and 4.7-fold by 5 d compared with the pre-exposure level. A significant increase in the expression level of SvMT mRNA was observed after the exposure of S. virgatus to the combination of 0.003 mg/L cadmium chloride and 0.2 mg/L zinc chloride compared with the pre-exposure level. Our work indicates that the SvMT gene is associated with stress responses and could be a potential biomarker for marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Sakatoku
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan.
| | - Masahito Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kanna Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoya Nakamachi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kamachi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Shogo Nakamura
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental and Energy Science Faculty of Earth and Environmental Systems, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
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20
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Soares MP, Machado AL, Hayd L, Soares A, Domingues I. Effects of pH and nitrites on the toxicity of a cypermethrin-based pesticide to zebrafish embryos. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 76:103351. [PMID: 32062415 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Physical and chemical water parameters have an important role on the toxicity of environmental contaminants by affecting their degradation, transformation and bioavailability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pH and nitrite variation on the toxicity of the cypermethrin based pesticide Barrage®. Zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) were exposed to a combination of pH or nitrite and cypermethrin through the Barrage® formulation for 96 h and lethal and developmental endpoints assessed. Concerning mortality, pH seemed to increase Barrage® toxicity, while nitrite concentrations tested did not seem to change Barrage® lethality. At sublethal level, either for combinations involving pH or nitrites, results suggested some interactive effects of environmental and chemical factors, highlighting the need of further research. This work suggests that sublethal endpoints should be included in the assessment of combined effects of compounds given that they can provide important information not obtained through lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Pereira Soares
- State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Animal Science Graduate Program, Aquidauana-UEMS Km 12, 79200-000, Aquidauana, MS, Brazil
| | - Ana Luísa Machado
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Liliam Hayd
- State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Animal Science Graduate Program, Aquidauana-UEMS Km 12, 79200-000, Aquidauana, MS, Brazil
| | - Amadeu Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Domingues
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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21
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Noirungsee N, Hackbusch S, Viamonte J, Bubenheim P, Liese A, Müller R. Influence of oil, dispersant, and pressure on microbial communities from the Gulf of Mexico. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7079. [PMID: 32341378 PMCID: PMC7184722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon incident in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 released an unprecedented amount of petroleum hydrocarbons 1500 meters below the sea surface. Few studies have considered the influence of hydrostatic pressure on bacterial community development and activity during such spills. The goal of this study was to investigate the response of indigenous sediment microbial communities to the combination of increased pressure, hydrocarbons and dispersant. Deep-sea sediment samples collected from the northern Gulf of Mexico were incubated at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and at elevated pressure (10 MPa), with and without the addition of crude oil and dispersant. After incubations at 4 °C for 7 days, Colwellia and Psychrobium were highly abundant in all samples. Pressure differentially impacted members of the Alteromonadales. The influences of pressure on the composition of bacterial communities were most pronounced when dispersant was added to the incubations. Moritella and Thalassotalea were greatly stimulated by the addition of dispersant, suggesting their roles in dispersant biodegradation. However, Moritella was negatively impacted by increasing pressure. The presence of dispersant was shown to decrease the relative abundance of a known hydrocarbon degrader, Cycloclasticus, while increasing pressure increased its relative abundance. This study highlights the significant influence of pressure on the development of microbial communities in the presence of oil and dispersant during oil spills and related response strategies in the deep sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttapol Noirungsee
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, 21073, Germany
| | - Steffen Hackbusch
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, 21073, Germany
| | - Juan Viamonte
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, 21073, Germany
| | - Paul Bubenheim
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, 21073, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, 21073, Germany
| | - Rudolf Müller
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg, 21073, Germany.
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22
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Pereira A, Silva L, Laranjeiro C, Lino C, Pena A. Selected Pharmaceuticals in Different Aquatic Compartments: Part II-Toxicity and Environmental Risk Assessment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081796. [PMID: 32295269 PMCID: PMC7221825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential risks associated with releases of human pharmaceuticals into the environment have become an increasingly important issue in environmental health. This concern has been driven by the widespread detection of pharmaceuticals in all aquatic compartments. Therefore, 22 pharmaceuticals, 6 metabolites and transformation products, belonging to 7 therapeutic groups, were selected to perform a review on their toxicity and environmental risk assessment (ERA) in different aquatic compartments, important issues to tackle the water framework directive (WFD). The toxicity data collected reported, with the exception of anxiolytics, at least one toxicity value for concentrations below 1 µg L−1. The results obtained for the ERA revealed risk quotients (RQs) higher than 1 in all the aquatic bodies and for the three trophic levels, algae, invertebrates and fish, posing ecotoxicological pressure in all of these compartments. The therapeutic groups with higher RQs were hormones, antiepileptics, anti-inflammatories and antibiotics. Unsurprisingly, RQs values were highest in wastewaters, however, less contaminated water bodies such as groundwaters still presented maximum values up to 91,150 regarding 17α-ethinylestradiol in fish. Overall, these results present an important input for setting prioritizing measures and sustainable strategies, minimizing their impact in the aquatic environment.
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23
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de Oliveira Dos Santos PR, Costa MJ, Dos Santos ACA, Silva-Zacarín ECM, Nunes B. Neurotoxic and respiratory effects of human use drugs on a Neotropical fish species, Phalloceros harpagos. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 230:108683. [PMID: 31874287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical drugs are usually and continuously carried to the aquatic environment in different ways. Thus, they are pseudo-persistent in the environment, and they may exert deleterious effects on aquatic organisms. The objective of the present study was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of two widely used pharmaceutical drugs, paracetamol (analgesic and antipyretic) and propranolol (β-blocker) on the activity of specific biomarkers (namely cholinesterase enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase) of the neotropical fish Phalloceros harpagos. The obtained results indicate an inhibition of the activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) after acute exposure to paracetamol, and an increase in cholinesterase activity in acutely propranolol-exposed fish. Chronic exposure to both drugs did not modify the enzymatic activities. Such short-term changes in enzymatic activities may be harmful to organisms, altering the preferential pathway of energy metabolism, and may induce behavioral changes that may compromise prey capture and predator escape, and in the longer term may induce population declines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mônica Jones Costa
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Cordeiro Alves Dos Santos
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine C M Silva-Zacarín
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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24
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Wang N, Jiang M, Zhang P, Shu H, Li Y, Guo Z, Li Y. Amelioration of Cd-induced bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota by Bacillus cereus in Carassius auratus gibelio. Chemosphere 2020; 245:125613. [PMID: 31864061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous pollutant known to exert various toxic effects and other sublethal to lethal effects on aquatic organisms, and can be commonly found in environment. The genus Bacillus was one of dominant probiotics, which was commonly used in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary administration of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota of Carassius auratus gibelio (C. gibelio) after Cd exposure. Fish were exposed for 4 weeks to waterborne Cd at 0, 1 and 2 mg/L and/or dietary B. cereus at 108 cfu/g. At 2 and 4 weeks, the fish were sampled and bioaccumulation, antioxidant activity and intestinal microbiota were assessed. Waterborne Cd exposure caused marked alterations in the composition of the microbiota. Dietary supplementation with B. cereus can reverse the changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota in Cd exposure and increase the abundance of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, Cetobacterium in the 0 and 1 mg/L Cd. The results obtained indicate that B. cereus can provide a significant protective effect on the toxicity of cadmium by inhibiting alterations in the levels of bioaccumulation and antioxidant enzyme including Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant (T-AOC), glutathione (GSH), malonaldehyde (MDA) and Glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The present findings imply that dietary supplement of B. cereus can effectively protect C.gibelio to combat cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Biomaker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hong Shu
- Changchun Infectious Disease Hospital, Jilin Province, 130000, China
| | - Yueru Li
- Agricultural and Rural Ministry of Ginseng Product Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhengyao Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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25
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Kumar N, Chandan NK, Wakchaure GC, Singh NP. Synergistic effect of zinc nanoparticles and temperature on acute toxicity with response to biochemical markers and histopathological attributes in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 229:108678. [PMID: 31783177 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, an experiment was carried out to delineate the lethal concentration of (LC50) zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) alone and with concurrent to high temperature (34 °C) in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The lethal concentration of Zn-NPs alone and with high temperature was estimated as 21.89 and 19.74 mg/L respectivey in P. hypophthalmus. The lethal concentration was decided with the help of definite concentration via 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 and 30 mg/L. The Zn-NPs were significantly alter the biochemical and histopathology of different fish tissues. The stress biomarkers such as oxidative stress (catalase superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase, lipid peroxidation) was studied in the liver, gill and kidney tissue, which was noticeable (p < 0.01) enhanced with higher concentration in both condition (Zn-NPs alone and Zn-NPs-T) in dose dependent manners. The carbohydrate (lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase) and protein metabolic enzymes (alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase) were also remarkable enhanced (p < 0.01) with higher concentration of Zn-NPs and Zn-NPs-T. The neurotransmitter (acetylcholine esterase) activities were significant inhibited (p < 0.01) with exposure to Zn-NPs and Zn-NPs-T and digestive enzymes such as protease and amylase were non-significant (p > 0.01) with the exposure of Zn-NPs and Zn-NPs-T, further, lipase were significantly reduced (p < 0.01) with exposure to Zn-NPs and temperature exposure group. The histopathological alteration were also observed in the liver and gill tissue. The present investigation suggested that, essential trace elements at higher concentration in acute exposure led to pronounced deleterious alteration on histopathology and cellular and metabolic activities in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune 413115, India.
| | - Nitish Kumar Chandan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar 751002, Odisha, India
| | - G C Wakchaure
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Pune 413115, India
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26
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Adeogun AO, Ibor OR, Omiwole R, Chukwuka AV, Adewale AH, Kumuyi O, Arukwe A. Sex-differences in physiological and oxidative stress responses and heavy metals burden in the black jaw tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron from a tropical freshwater dam (Nigeria). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 229:108676. [PMID: 31783175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Black jaw tilapia (S. melanotheron) collected from Awba Dam (a watershed recipient of effluents from anthropogenic sources) was analysed for biological responses and trace metal burden with the aim of evaluating sex differences in these responses as a measure of environmental and biota health status. Concentration of heavy metals in fish muscle were analysed and showed values above WHO permissible limits for food. Physiological and biochemical responses (AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, albumin, globulin, BUN, Na+, K+ and creatinine) showed apparent sex-related differences. Among antioxidant defence system, mt mRNA and proteins showed higher levels in male S. melanotheron. CAT and GPx activities were significantly higher in males than in female fish, while the corresponding mRNA showed an opposite trend with higher transcripts in females than males. Further, while GST activity was apparently higher in females, GR activity was significantly higher in males, compared to female fish. ZnCu-sod mRNA showed significantly higher transcript levels in males, than females. Overall, the trend in these biological responses showed direct relationship with heavy metal concentrations in fish muscle and sediment. These relationships were revealed using PCA that produced significant groupings between physiological, biochemical and oxidative stress variables and muscle/sediment trace element burden. Specifically, the PCA biplots showed that these biological variables were due to the presence of the heavy metals in the dam. Therefore, the sex differences in the measured cellular adaptations of S. melanotheron in relation to the toxic conditions at the dam may have significant consequences on osmotic balance and cellular processes that regulate biochemical/antioxidant responses towards metabolism, behaviour, growth, reproduction and survival of Awba dam resident fish species. Thus, these responses should be compared to a suitable reference site to discern the extent of effects of the Awba Dam biota for monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina O Adeogun
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oju R Ibor
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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27
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Fleeger JW, Johnson DS, Zengel S, Mendelssohn IA, Deis DR, Graham SA, Lin Q, Christman MC, Riggio MR, Pant M. Macroinfauna responses and recovery trajectories after an oil spill differ from those following saltmarsh restoration. Mar Environ Res 2020; 155:104881. [PMID: 32072985 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Given the severity of injuries to biota in coastal wetlands from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DWH) and the resulting availability of funding for restoration, information on impacted salt marshes and biotic development of restored marshes may both help inform marsh restoration planning in the near term and for future spills. Accordingly, we performed a meta-analysis to model a restoration trajectory of total macroinfauna density in constructed marshes (studied for ~30 y), and with a previously published restoration trajectory for amphipods, we compared these to recovery curves for total macroinfauna and amphipods from DWH impacted marshes (over 8.5 y). Total macroinfauna and amphipod densities in constructed marshes did not consistently reach equivalency with reference sites before 20 y, yet in heavily oiled marshes recovery occurred by 4.5 y post spill (although it is unlikely that macroinfaunal community composition fully recovered). These differences were probably due to initial conditions (e.g., higher initial levels of belowground organic matter in oiled marshes) that were more conducive to recovery as compared to constructed marshes. Furthermore, we found that amphipod trajectories were distinctly different in constructed and oiled marshes as densities at oiled sites exceeded that of reference sites by as much as 20x during much of the recovery period. Amphipods may have responded to the rapid increase and high biomass of benthic microalgae following the spill. These results indicate that biotic responses after an oil spill may be quantitatively different than those following restoration, even for heavily oiled marshes that were initially denuded of vegetation. Our dual trajectories for oil spill recovery and restoration development for macroinfauna should help guide restoration planning and assessment following the DWH as well as for restoration scaling for future spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Fleeger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
| | - D S Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, 23062, USA
| | - S Zengel
- Research Planning, Inc. (RPI), 247 E. 7th Ave, Tallahassee, FL, 32303, USA
| | - I A Mendelssohn
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, 70803, USA
| | - D R Deis
- Atkins, Jacksonville, FL, 32256, USA
| | - S A Graham
- Gulf South Research Corporation, 8081 Innovation Park Dr, Baton Rouge, LA, 70820, USA
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, 70803, USA
| | - M C Christman
- MCC Statistical Consulting, LLC, 2219 NW 23rd Terrace, Gainesville, FL, 32605, USA
| | - M R Riggio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - M Pant
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, 23062, USA
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28
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Höglund E, Korzan W, Åtland Å, Haraldstad T, Høgberget R, Mayer I, Øverli Ø. Neuroendocrine indicators of allostatic load reveal the impact of environmental acidification in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 229:108679. [PMID: 31794875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
When mobilized from surrounding soils and binding to gills at moderately low pH, aluminum (Al) cations can adversely affect fish populations. Furthermore, acidification may lead to allostatic overload, a situation in which the costs of coping with chronic stress affects long-term survival and reproductive output and, ultimately, ecosystem health. The brain's serotonergic system plays a key role in neuroendocrine stress responses and allostatic processes. Here, we explored whether sublethal effects of Al in acidified water affects serotonergic neurochemistry and stress coping ability in a unique land-locked salmon population from Lake Bygelandsfjorden, in southern Norway. Fish were exposed to untreated water with pH 6.5 and 74 μg Al l-1 or acidified (pH 5.5) water with different aluminum concentrations ([Al]; 74-148 μg l-1) for 5-6 days. Afterward, effects on stress coping ability were investigated by analyzing plasma cortisol levels and telencephalic serotonergic neurochemistry before and after a standardized acute stress test. Before the stress test, positive dose-response relationships existed between [Al], serotonergic turnover rate and plasma cortisol. However, in acutely stressed fish, exposure to the highest [Al] resulted in reduced cortisol values compared with those exposed to lower concentrations, while the positive dose-response relationship between Al concentrations and serotonergic turnover rate persisted in baseline conditions. This suggests that fish exposed to the highest Al concentration were unable to mount a proper cortisol response to further acute stress, demonstrating that neuroendocrine indicators of allostatic load can be used to reveal sublethal effects of water acidification-and potentially, the environmental impacts of other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Höglund
- Niva, Norsk institutt for vannforskning, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway; Center of Coastal Research, University of Agder, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Wayne Korzan
- Department of Biology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Åse Åtland
- Niva, Norsk institutt for vannforskning, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tormod Haraldstad
- Niva, Norsk institutt for vannforskning, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf Høgberget
- Niva, Norsk institutt for vannforskning, Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ian Mayer
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Øverli
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
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29
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Johari SA, Sarkheil M, Asghari S, Haghighat F, Dekani L, Keyvanshokooh S. Comparative toxicity of nanoparticulate and ionic copper following dietary exposure to common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 229:108680. [PMID: 31794874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Copper is an essential element for the normal growth and survival of all organisms including fish. However, its excessive presence in the environment can cause bioaccumulation and aquatic toxicology. The aim of the present study was to compare the dietary toxicity effects of two different Cu compounds, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) and ionic copper (CuSO4) in juvenile common carp, Cyprinus carpio. To prepare experimental diets, two nominal concentrations of 100 and 1000 mg Cu kg-1 diet were added to a basal diet. Carp (n = 450, average initial weight of 35.94 ± 5.35 g) were fed on the Cu-supplemented diets and basal diets for two 21-day courses as dietary exposure and recovery periods, respectively. The growth performance, survival rate and blood biochemical indices as well as copper accumulation in target organs of fish were investigated at the end of each exposure period. The results showed that the weight gain (WG) of carp significantly decreased coincident with increasing concentration of the both dietary Cu forms (P = 0.00). Both Cu sources at concentrations of 100 mg kg-1 diet decreased the survival rate of fish (P = 0.003), likely due to more feed intake and thus increased copper toxicity. The both forms of dietary Cu at two different concentrations significantly decreased the plasma glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) level compared to the control group (P = 0.008). Fish exposed to diets containing Cu sources except 100 mg Cu kg-1 of CuO-NPs showed the lower glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activity in comparison to the control (P = 0.00). The plasma sodium level in1000 mg CuO-NPs kg-1 diet was significantly lower than the control (P = 0.001). The plasma potassium level increased in the all Cu-supplemented groups except 100 mg kg-1 of CuO-NPs after the dietary exposure period (P = 0.035). The copper accumulation was dose-dependent in all target organs. In 100 mg Cu kg-1 dietary groups, the liver showed the highest Cu accumulation (P = 0.00), while in 1000 mg Cu kg-1 dietary groups, the highest Cu content was observed in the intestine (P = 0.00). The results demonstrated the enhanced toxicological responses in fish after 21 days of dietary exposure, but the levels of most of biochemical indices and tissues Cu content decreased or returned to the control values after the recovery period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Johari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Sarkheil
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Saba Asghari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Haghighat
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Leila Dekani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Saeed Keyvanshokooh
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Khouzestan, Iran
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30
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Chen JR, Wu SM, Tsai SC, Hsien FC, Huang CT. Changes in vitellogenin and estrogen receptor expression and 17β-estradiol concentration in male juvenile tilapia can be used to evaluate endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 229:108682. [PMID: 31816426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of endocrine disruption with respect to potential human toxicities have been extensively evaluated to date. However, the standard testing methods used have not always taken the most pertinent approach. In this study, we used juvenile male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an animal model to test for endocrine disruption by chemicals. We measured 17β-estradiol (E2) concentrations, and the mRNA relative expression ratio (RER; treatment/control) of vitellogenin (vtg2) and estrogen receptors (ERs) to assess whether the effluent concentration of selected plasticizers disrupt E2 function in fish. We found that the vtg2 RER was significantly increased after exposure to 2.52 nM E2 for 5 days, 0.438 μM of bisphenol A (BPA) for 7 days, or 2.865 μM Cd2+ for 7 days. These data support vtg2 transcript level as a sensitive biomarker to evaluate contamination of water by endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, vtg2 expression did not respond to fluctuations of E2 concentrations in the tilapia juveniles exposed to selected plasticizers. However, the RER of three types of ERs appeared to change dramatically upon exposure to plasticizers. ERα significantly increased, but ERβ2 decreased with 3.6 μM DEP exposure. Both ERα and ERβ2 decreased significantly after 1.44 μM DIBP exposure. We suggest that changes of vtg2 mRNA RER, E2 levels and ERs mRNA expression should be taken into consideration at the same time to determine if chemical contaminants in the water are endocrine disrupters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ren Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Su Mei Wu
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | - Shu Chuan Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chun Hsien
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Ting Huang
- Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
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Nedoluzhko AV, Sharko FS, Tsygankova SV, Boulygina ES, Barmintseva AE, Krasivskaya AA, Ibragimova AS, Gruzdeva NM, Rastorguev SM, Mugue NS. Molecular phylogeny of one extinct and two critically endangered Central Asian sturgeon species (genus Pseudoscaphirhynchus) based on their mitochondrial genomes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:722. [PMID: 31959974 PMCID: PMC6971001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57581-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The enigmatic and poorly studied sturgeon genus Pseudoscaphirhynchus (Scaphirhynchinae: Acipenseridae) comprises three species: the Amu Darya shovelnose sturgeon (Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni (Bogdanow)), dwarf Amu Darya shovelnose sturgeon P. hermanni (Kessler), and Syr Darya shovelnose sturgeon (P. fedtschenkoi (Bogdanow). Two species - P. hermanni and P. kaufmanni - are critically endangered due to the Aral Sea area ecological disaster, caused by massive water use for irrigation to support cotton agriculture, subsequent pesticide pollution and habitat degradation. For another species - P. fedtschenkoi - no sightings have been reported since 1960-s and it is believed to be extinct, both in nature and in captivity. In this study, complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of these three species of Pseudoscaphirhynchus were characterized using Illumina and Sanger sequencing platforms. Phylogenetic analyses showed the significant divergence between Amu Darya and Syr Darya freshwater sturgeons and supported the monophyletic origin of the Pseudoscaphirhynchus species. We confirmed that two sympatric Amu Darya species P. kaufmanni and P. hermanni form a single genetic cluster, which may require further morphological and genetic study to assess possible hybridization, intraspecific variation and taxonomic status and to develop conservation measures to protect these unique fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem V Nedoluzhko
- Nord University, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Bodø, 8049, Norway.
| | - Fedor S Sharko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russia
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117312, Russia
| | | | | | - Anna E Barmintseva
- Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, 107140, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Nikolai S Mugue
- Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, 107140, Russia
- Koltzov Institute for Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117808, Russia
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Das S, Aria A, Cheng JO, Souissi S, Hwang JS, Ko FC. Occurrence and distribution of anthropogenic persistent organic pollutants in coastal sediments and mud shrimps from the wetland of central Taiwan. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227367. [PMID: 31917823 PMCID: PMC6956766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sediment profile and mud shrimp (Austinogebia edulis) from the
coastal wetland of central Taiwan in 2017 and 2018 were analyzed for
concentration, source, and composition of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers
(PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; DDT and HCB), and polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs). Sediment profiling indicated PAH concentrations reaching
254.38 ng/g dw in areas near industrial areas and PAH concentrations of 41.8 and
58.42 ng/g dw in sampling areas further from industrial areas, suggesting that
the determining factor for spatial distribution of POPs might be proximity to
contaminant sources in industrial zones. Based on molecular indices, PAHs were
substantially of both pyrolytic and petrogenic origins. The main sources for
PCBs were Aroclor 1016 and 1260 and the congener BDE-209 was the dominant
component among PBDE congeners. While we were unable to obtain live mud shrimp
samples from the heavily contaminated areas, in samples from less contaminated
areas, the risk assessment on mud shrimp still illustrated a borderline threat,
with DDT concentrations almost reaching standardized values of Effects Range-Low
(ERL). Bioaccumulation factors for DDTs and PCBs (17.33 and 54.59, respectively)
were higher than other POPs in this study. Further study is essential to assess
and understand the impact of these chemicals on the wetland ecosystem near this
heavily industrialized area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagnika Das
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung,
Taiwan
- University Lille, CNRS, University Littoral Cote d’Opale, UMR 8187, LOG,
Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, Wimereux, France
| | - Andres Aria
- Argentine Institute of Oceanography, Bahia Blanca,
Argentina
- National South University, Chemistry Department, Area III, Bahía Blanca,
Argentina
| | - Jing-O Cheng
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung,
Taiwan
| | - Sami Souissi
- University Lille, CNRS, University Littoral Cote d’Opale, UMR 8187, LOG,
Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, Wimereux, France
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung,
Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University,
Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chi Ko
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung,
Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong-Hwa University, Pingtung,
Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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G DP, Souza-Bastos LR, Giacomin M, Dolatto RG, Baika LM, Grassi MT, Ostrensky A, Wood CM. Acute exposure to the water-soluble fraction of gasoline (WSF G) affects oxygen consumption, nitrogenous-waste and Mg excretion, and activates anaerobic metabolism in the goldfish Carassius auratus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 226:108590. [PMID: 31404698 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of aquatic environments by petroleum and its products (e.g. gasoline) is a hazard for aquatic organisms as a result of the potential toxicity of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Our goal was to evaluate the acute effects of the water-soluble fraction of gasoline (WSFG) on nitrogen excretion, osmoregulation, and metabolism of goldfish Carassius auratus. We first chemically characterized the WSFG and then tested its effects on these physiological aspects of C. auratus, in several different exposure scenarios (0, 0.25, 5, 10 and 25% of WSFG). The WSFG contained high concentrations BTEX (toluene 70% and benzene 17%) relative to PAH (<1%), and low levels of several metals (Al, Fe, Zn, Sr). Routine O2 uptake rate (MO2) of goldfish was inhibited by exposure to 5% WSFG, and during post-exposure recovery, MO2 increased in a dose-dependent fashion. Ammonia excretion was not affected by exposure to WSFG, but urea-N excretion increased progressively with the WSFG concentration. The same pattern of dose/response was observed for net Mg2+ loss rates and steadily increasing plasma lactate concentrations. Loss rates of Na+, Ca2+, K+ and Cl-, and plasma concentrations of Mg2+ and urea-N were not significantly altered. We propose that acute exposure to WSFG inhibits aerobic metabolism and activates anaerobic metabolism, breaking down ATP such that bound Mg2+ is liberated and the purine ring component is metabolized to urea-N, both of which are subsequently excreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dal Pont G
- Integrated Group for Aquaculture and Environmental Studies, Dept. of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, P.R. 83035-050, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR ZIP 80035-050, Brazil; Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC ZIP V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Luciana Rodrigues Souza-Bastos
- Integrated Group for Aquaculture and Environmental Studies, Dept. of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, P.R. 83035-050, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR ZIP 80035-050, Brazil; Institute of Technology for Development - Lactec, Curitiba, PR ZIP 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Marina Giacomin
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC ZIP V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Rafael Garrett Dolatto
- Grupo de Química Ambiental (GQA), Dept. of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19032, Curitiba, PR ZIP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Loana Mara Baika
- Grupo de Química Ambiental (GQA), Dept. of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19032, Curitiba, PR ZIP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Marco Tadeu Grassi
- Grupo de Química Ambiental (GQA), Dept. of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19032, Curitiba, PR ZIP 81531-970, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Ostrensky
- Integrated Group for Aquaculture and Environmental Studies, Dept. of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, P.R. 83035-050, Brazil.
| | - Chris M Wood
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC ZIP V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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Ibe FC, Opara AI, Ibe BO, Amaobi CE. Application of assessment models for pollution and health risk from effluent discharge into a tropical stream: case study of Inyishi River, Southeastern Nigeria. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:753. [PMID: 31734747 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pollution and health risk assessment models were used to study the effects of effluents discharged into the Inyishi River, Ikeduru LGA, Imo State, Nigeria. The study aims at investigating the environmental health effects of wastewater effluent discharge from the aluminum extrusion company on the Inyishi River. Samples were collected from both the aluminum extrusion company and Inyishi River and analyzed for physicochemical and trace metal parameters. Models adopted for assessment include transfer factor (TF), contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI), ecological risk factor (Er), water quality index (WQI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI). The results of the study revealed that pH and TH were within the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) and World Health Organization (WHO) standards. EC values at 2235 ± 0.001 and 105 ± 0.03 μS/cm for S3 and S4 respectively were higher than the permissible standards, while the values of EC at 24.04 ± 0.03, 5.26 ± 0.005, and 0.05 ± 0.01 μS/cm respectively for S1, S2, and SR are within the WHO standard. Very high concentration of SO42- was recorded at S3, while low concentration was measured at S2. Mean values of heavy metal ions studied were within NSDWQ and WHO standards for safe drinking water except for Al, Zn, Cd, Fe, and Mn, with the mean values of metal concentrations observed in the order Al > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cd > Cr. Positive linear correlation based on heavy metal contamination was observed for samples S1 and S2 with SR. High TF values were observed in decreasing order Mn > Cd > Cr > Fe > Zn. Similarly, very high CF was observed for Cd and Al while the PLI was generally high for all the samples. Low Er values were observed for all metals except for Cd, with the mean value of Er observed in the decreasing order Cd ˃ Mn ˃ Zn ˃ Cr. The river water sample generally revealed high WQI and was thus categorized as poor quality. HQ and HI values were below unity (< 1), but might pose health risk to children in cases of prolonged dermal adsorption. In conclusion, the quality of the Inyishi River has been negatively impacted by the wastewater effluent from the aluminum extrusion company. Proper treatment of the river water is therefore recommended before use for domestic purposes as prolonged usage of the untreated water might likely pose serious environmental health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Chizoruo Ibe
- Department of Chemistry, Imo State University, P.M.B 2000, Owerri, Imo, Nigeria.
| | | | - Bridget Onyekachi Ibe
- Department of Health Education, Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education Owerri, Owerri, Imo, Nigeria
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35
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Nordam T, Nepstad R, Litzler E, Röhrs J. On the use of random walk schemes in oil spill modelling. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 146:631-638. [PMID: 31426202 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In oil spill models, vertical mixing due to turbulence is commonly modelled by random walk. If the eddy diffusivity varies with depth, failing to take the derivative of the diffusivity into account in the random walk scheme will lead to incorrect results. Depending on the diffusivity profile, the result may be either over- or underprediction of the amount of surfaced oil. The importance of using consistent random walk schemes has been known for decades in, e.g., the plankton modelling community. However, it appears not to be common knowledge in the oil spill community, with inconsistent random walk schemes appearing even in recent publications. We demonstrate and quantify the error due to inconsistent random walk, using a simplified oil spill model, and two different diffusivity profiles. In the two cases considered, a commonly used inconsistent scheme predicts respectively 54% and 202% the amount of surface oil, compared to a consistent scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Nordam
- SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
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36
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Schwammberger PF, Lucke T, Walker C, Trueman SJ. Nutrient uptake by constructed floating wetland plants during the construction phase of an urban residential development. Sci Total Environ 2019; 677:390-403. [PMID: 31059882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated plant growth, nutrient partitioning and total nutrient uptake by tall sedge (Carex appressa) plants in two large-scale Constructed Floating Wetlands (CFW1 and CFW2). These CFWs were installed to treat stormwater runoff discharging into a newly-constructed 2.6-ha lake during the construction phase of a 45-ha residential development. Nutrient concentrations of C. appressa shoot above the mat, biomass within the mat, and roots below the mat were analysed 0, 12 and 16 months after planting. Extensive root growth was evident after 12 and 16 months. Some nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur) were distributed almost evenly among the above-, within-, and below-mat components, while others (aluminium, copper, iron, manganese) were concentrated in or on the roots. Given the low concentrations of nutrients within the water column, large amounts of nutrients were removed from stormwater by the plants. Total nitrogen uptake was 20.20 ± 2.88 kg in CFW1 and 15.00 ± 2.07 kg in CFW2 over the 16-month study period. Total potassium uptake was 12.59 ± 1.64 kg in CFW1 and 7.20 ± 1.56 kg in CFW2. Phosphorus uptake was low as a consequence of low phosphorus availability in the water. High aluminium, iron and manganese concentrations were found in the roots, demonstrating that C. appressa removed and sequestered large quantities of these water pollutants from urban stormwater runoff. For example, total aluminium uptake was 7.82 ± 1.73 kg in CFW1 and 5.62 ± 0.75 kg in CFW2. This study demonstrated multiple benefits of CFWs for stormwater treatment in the early stages of an urban development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Schwammberger
- Stormwater Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia.
| | - Terry Lucke
- Stormwater Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Christopher Walker
- Stormwater Research Group, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; Covey Associates Pty Ltd, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Stephen J Trueman
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
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Kulkarni A, Kapley A, Dhodapkar RS, Nagababu P, Rayalu S. Plasmonics driven engineered pasteurizers for solar water disinfection (SWADIS). J Hazard Mater 2019; 369:474-482. [PMID: 30798162 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rampant environmental pollution is the most ubiquitous concern of current world. A sustainable panacea to overarching contamination of water-borne pathogens demands cheap and eco-friendly oriented research. Solar energy is effortlessly accessible in most of the weather conditions and can be used for water decontamination. In this context, Solar Water Disinfection (SWADIS) appears to be feasible solution. Herein we are reporting newly developed Carbon nanoparticles (CNP) which shows absorption of light in broad region extending from Ultraviolet-Visible (UV) to Infrared Spectroscopy (IR). This CNP with pronounced photothermal effect has been used for SWADIS. Photothermal effect of plasmonic nanomaterials has massive potential and has exploited for disinfection of water. Moving towards practical device design we have developed an efficient CNP based Multipurpose Solar Pasteurizer (MSP) and Nano-Solar Pasteurizer (NSP) which can efficiently perform the SWADIS. Result shows that upon irradiation under natural solar radiation pasteurizers can thermally inactivate the bacteria. The system proves to be able to perform 100% bacterial inactivation in sunny days. We also conducted bacterial inactivation experiments by simulating 106 CFU mL-1 concentration of E. coli in water to mimic field conditions. Results are evident that pasteurizers achieved 100% bacterial inactivation within period of ˜45 min under sunlight.
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38
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Lattuada M, Albrecht C, Wilke T. Differential impact of anthropogenic pressures on Caspian Sea ecoregions. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 142:274-281. [PMID: 31232304 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, overall ecological conditions in the Caspian Sea have deteriorated. However, a comprehensive understanding of lake-wide spatial differences in anthropogenic pressures is lacking and the biological consequences of human impacts are poorly understood. This paper therefore aims at assessing the individual and combined effects of critical anthropogenic pressures on the Caspian Sea ecoregions. First, cumulative pressure scores were calculated with a cumulative environmental assessment (CEA) analysis. Then, the individual contribution of anthropogenic pressures was quantified. Finally, ecoregion-specific differences were assessed. The analyses show that both cumulative and individual pressure scores are unevenly distributed across the Caspian Sea. The most important individual pressures are invasive species, chemical pollution and poaching. This uneven distribution of pressure scores across Caspian Sea ecoregions creates new challenges for future conservation strategies, as different ecoregions usually require different conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lattuada
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, IFZ, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Christian Albrecht
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, IFZ, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wilke
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, IFZ, Giessen, Germany
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39
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Goodsir F, Lonsdale JA, Mitchell PJ, Suehring R, Farcas A, Whomersley P, Brant JL, Clarke C, Kirby MF, Skelhorn M, Hill PG. A standardised approach to the environmental risk assessment of potentially polluting wrecks. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 142:290-302. [PMID: 31232306 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The potential risk to the marine environment of oil release from potentially polluting wrecks (PPW) is increasingly being acknowledged, and in some instances remediation actions have been required. However, where a PPW has been identified, there remains a great deal of uncertainty around the environmental risk it may pose. Estimating the likelihood of a wreck to release oil and the threat to marine receptors remains a challenge. In addition, removing oil from wrecks is not always cost effective, so a proactive approach is recommended to identify PPW that pose the greatest risk to sensitive marine ecosystems and local economies and communities. This paper presents a desk-based assessment approach which addresses PPW, and the risk they pose to environmental and socio-economic marine receptors, using modelled scenarios and a framework and scoring system. This approach can be used to inform proactive management options for PPW and can be applied worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freya Goodsir
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK.
| | - Jemma A Lonsdale
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Peter J Mitchell
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Roxana Suehring
- Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrian Farcas
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Paul Whomersley
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Jan L Brant
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Charlotte Clarke
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Mark F Kirby
- Cefas, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Matthew Skelhorn
- Salvage and Marine Operations, Ash 2b #3212, MOD Abbey Wood, Bristol, BS34 8JH, UK
| | - Polly G Hill
- Salvage and Marine Operations, Ash 2b #3212, MOD Abbey Wood, Bristol, BS34 8JH, UK
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40
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Garlapati D. Comments on the paper "Marine microfiber pollution: A review on present status and future challenges". Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 141:187. [PMID: 30955724 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Deviram Garlapati
- National Centre for Coastal Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Govt. of India, Chennai 600100, India.
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41
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Pedrazzani R, Bertanza G, Brnardić I, Cetecioglu Z, Dries J, Dvarionienė J, García-Fernández AJ, Langenhoff A, Libralato G, Lofrano G, Škrbić B, Martínez-López E, Meriç S, Pavlović DM, Papa M, Schröder P, Tsagarakis KP, Vogelsang C. Opinion paper about organic trace pollutants in wastewater: Toxicity assessment in a European perspective. Sci Total Environ 2019; 651:3202-3221. [PMID: 30463169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pedrazzani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Bertanza
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 43 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Ivan Brnardić
- Faculty of Metallurgy, University of Zagreb, Aleja narodnih heroja 3, 44103 Sisak, Croatia.
| | - Zeynep Cetecioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jan Dries
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jolanta Dvarionienė
- Kaunas University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Gedimino str. 50, 44239 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Campus of Espinardo, Spain.
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Biljana Škrbić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Emma Martínez-López
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Campus of Espinardo, Spain.
| | - Süreyya Meriç
- Çorlu Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Namik Kemal University, Çorlu, 59860, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Matteo Papa
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 43 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Peter Schröder
- Helmholtz-Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Konstantinos P Tsagarakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100 Xanthi, Greece.
| | - Christian Vogelsang
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
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Tognaccini L, Ricci M, Gellini C, Feis A, Smulevich G, Becucci M. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for In-Field Detection of Pesticides: A Test on Dimethoate Residues in Water and on Olive Leaves. Molecules 2019; 24:E292. [PMID: 30650543 PMCID: PMC6359141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethoate (DMT) is an organophosphate insecticide commonly used to protect fruit trees and in particular olive trees. Since it is highly water-soluble, its use on olive trees is considered quite safe, because it flows away in the residual water during the oil extraction process. However, its use is strictly regulated, specially on organic cultures. The organic production chain certification is not trivial, since DMT rapidly degrades to omethoate (OMT) and both disappear in about two months. Therefore, simple, sensitive, cost-effective and accurate methods for the determination of dimethoate, possibly suitable for in-field application, can be of great interest. In this work, a quick screening method, possibly useful for organic cultures certification will be presented. DMT and OMT in water and on olive leaves have been detected by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) using portable instrumentations. On leaves, the SERS signals were measured with a reasonably good S/N ratio, allowing us to detect DMT at a concentration up to two orders of magnitude lower than the one usually recommended for in-field treatments. Moreover, detailed information on the DMT distribution on the leaves has been obtained by Raman line- (or area-) scanning experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tognaccini
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
| | - Marilena Ricci
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
- Department of Photonics, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Ul. Prof. Popova, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
| | - Cristina Gellini
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
| | - Alessandro Feis
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
| | - Giulietta Smulevich
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
| | - Maurizio Becucci
- Department of Chemistry 'UgoSchiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
- Department of Photonics, St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Ul. Prof. Popova, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy-LENS, via N. Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
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43
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Tomczyk NJ, Parr TB, Wenger SJ, Capps KA. The influence of land cover on the sensitivity of streams to metal pollution. Water Res 2018; 144:55-63. [PMID: 30014979 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Identifying freshwater systems that are at risk from anthropogenic stressors is a pressing management problem. In particular, the detection of metal pollution is often constrained by data availability and resources. To address this challenge and develop a tool to identify susceptible systems, we tested whether land cover could be predictive of stream sensitivity to metal pollution, as determined by the biotic ligand model (BLM). We used water chemistry data from the conterminous United States to estimate metal sensitivity in streams using two BLMs (i.e., HydoQual, Bio-Met). Subsequently, we combined the sensitivity estimates with land cover and physiochemical data from the GAGES-II database to build predictive models of sensitivity to metals in streams. When combined, our predictor variables (e.g., land cover, mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation) generally explained about half of the variation in our dataset. In each model, the percent of wetlands in a watershed was strongly correlated with reduced sensitivity to metals, likely due to increased concentrations of dissolved organic carbon associated with wetlands. To validate the utility of the models, we used them to predict metal sensitivity in sites where metal concentrations had been collected, but where the full suite of BLM parameters were unknown. We were able to classify several hundred sites which are likely at risk to metal pollution. Our work highlights the value in considering metal toxicity at the landscape-scale and describes a new approach to estimate metal sensitivity when site-specific chemical parameters are unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Tomczyk
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States; Savannah River Ecology Lab, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, United States.
| | - Thomas B Parr
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States
| | - Seth J Wenger
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Krista A Capps
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States; Savannah River Ecology Lab, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, United States
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44
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Clemente CCC, Paresque K, Santos PJP. The effects of plastic bags presence on a macrobenthic community in a polluted estuary. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:630-635. [PMID: 30301082 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The damaging effects of marine debris on wildlife are often noted through the observation of animals that ingest and/or become entangled in debris. Yet, few studies have evaluated the effects of marine litter on benthic habitats. The aim of this study was to investigate if the presence of plastic bags has any effect on benthic macrofauna in an estuary located in an urban area in North-eastern Brazil. Biogeochemical and macrofauna samples were obtained from 10 different deposition locations (location factor), under, border and distant (treatment factor) from plastic bags. The results did not show any significant alterations in the biogeochemical parameters of the sediment due to treatment effect except for summed microphytobenthic pigments. The macrobenthic community structure responded to treatment. The greatest dissimilarity (34%) was between samples that were under and distant. Effects occurred despite the high dynamics of deposition-resuspension of plastic bags and the dominance of opportunistic species. Changes in community structure are a complex result of plastic bags effects on species ecological interactions in the polluted estuarine environment, attracting deposit feeders, diminishing suspension feeders and providing mechanical protection against predation by seabirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C C Clemente
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo J P Santos
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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45
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Tunçer S, Artüz OB, Demirkol M, Artüz ML. First report of occurrence, distribution, and composition of microplastics in surface waters of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:283-289. [PMID: 30301039 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plastic is produced today in large quantities and used for many purposes. At the end of use, a large part of it gets into the environment, often into the sea and there it is fragmented into the smallest fragments, so-called microplastic (MP). MPs pose a serious challenge to the marine environment such as the sources and properties of MP particles, their impact on marine organisms, and the challenges of environmental pollution. This work, carried out in the fourteen sites in the area, is the first reference to the detection of MP distribution at surface waters in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. As a result of this study, the average level of MP in the surface was determined to be 1.263 item/m2. The results were higher compared of the most other adjacent regions and show that the Sea of Marmara started to face that problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezginer Tunçer
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Terzioğlu Campus, 17100 Çanakkale, Turkey.
| | - O Bülent Artüz
- Sevinç-Erdal İnönü Foundation, MAREM (Marmara Environmental Monitoring) Project, Department of Marine Sciences, Anadoluhisarı Toplarönü No: 8, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Demirkol
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Terzioğlu Campus, 17100 Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - M Levent Artüz
- Sevinç-Erdal İnönü Foundation, MAREM (Marmara Environmental Monitoring) Project, Department of Marine Sciences, Anadoluhisarı Toplarönü No: 8, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey
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46
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Guo W, Jiang M, Li X, Ren B. Using a genetic algorithm to improve oil spill prediction. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 135:386-396. [PMID: 30301050 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The performance of oil spill models is strongly influenced by multiple parameters. In this study, we explored the ability of a genetic algorithm (GA) to determine optimal parameters without the need for time-consuming manual attempts. An evaluation function integrating the percentage of coincidence between the predicted polluted area and the observed spill area was proposed for measuring the performance of a Lagrangian oil particle model. To maximise the objective function, the oil spill was run numerous times with continuously optimised parameters. After many generations, the GA effectively reduced discrepancies between model results and observations of a real oil spill. Subsequent validation indicated that the oil spill model predicted oil slick patterns with reasonable accuracy when equipped with optimal parameters. Furthermore, multiple objective optimisation for observations at different times contributed to better model performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Guo
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | | | - Xueyan Li
- Coast Institute, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Bing Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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47
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Ozkan E, Elginoz N, Germirli Babuna F. Life cycle assessment of a printed circuit board manufacturing plant in Turkey. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:26801-26808. [PMID: 28963629 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the environmental impacts of a printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing plant through streamlined life cycle assessment approach. As a result, the most effective recommendations on minimizing the environmental impacts for the mentioned sector are revealed and first steps towards establishing a country specific database are taken. The whole PCB production consists of two consecutive stages: namely board fabrication followed by the manufacturing of PCB. Manufacturing of PCB contributes the highest shares to freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential (FAETP) and ozone layer depletion potential (ODP). Eighty-nine percent of FAETP is found to be generated from the manufacturing of PCB. Almost all of this contribution can be attributed to the disposal of copper containing wastewater treatment sludge from etching operations to incineration. On the other hand, PCB manufacturing has 73% share in total ODP. Within the manufacturing of PCB, as etching operations are found to be of importance for all the impact categories except eutrophication potential (EP), it is recommended to focus further studies on in-plant control of etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ozkan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilay Elginoz
- Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatos Germirli Babuna
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
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48
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Brunner I, Fischer M, Rüthi J, Stierli B, Frey B. Ability of fungi isolated from plastic debris floating in the shoreline of a lake to degrade plastics. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202047. [PMID: 30133489 PMCID: PMC6104954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic waste in the environment is a significant threat due to its resistance to biological processes. Here we report the ability of fungal strains found on floating plastic debris to degrade plastics. In particular, we wanted to know which fungi grow on plastic debris floating in the shoreline, whether these fungi have the ability to degrade plastics, whether the plastic-degrading fungi can degrade other complex C-polymers such as lignin, and whether lignin-degraders vice versa can also break down plastics. Overall, more than a hundred fungal strains were isolated from plastic debris of the shoreline of Lake Zurich, Switzerland, and grouped morphologically. Representative strains of these groups were then selected and genetically identified, altogether twelve different fungal species and one species of Oomycota. The list of fungi included commonly occurring saprotrophic fungi but also some plant pathogens. These fungal strains were then used to test the ability to degrade polyethylene and polyurethane. The tests showed that none of the strains were able to degrade polyethylene. However, four strains were able to degrade polyurethane, the three litter-saprotrophic fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides, Xepiculopsis graminea, and Penicillium griseofulvum and the plant pathogen Leptosphaeria sp. A series of additional fungi with an origin other than from plastic debris were tested as well. Here, only the two litter-saprotrophic fungi Agaricus bisporus and Marasmius oreades showed the capability to degrade polyurethane. In contrast, wood-saprotrophic fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi were unable to degrade polyurethane. Overall, it seems that in majority only a few litter-saprotrophic fungi, which possess a wide variety of enzymes, have the ability to degrade polyurethane. None of the fungi tested was able to degrade polyethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Brunner
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Moira Fischer
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Joel Rüthi
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Beat Stierli
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Beat Frey
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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49
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Turner A. Black plastics: Linear and circular economies, hazardous additives and marine pollution. Environ Int 2018; 117:308-318. [PMID: 29778831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Black products constitute about 15% of the domestic plastic waste stream, of which the majority is single-use packaging and trays for food. This material is not, however, readily recycled owing to the low sensitivity of black pigments to near infrared radiation used in conventional plastic sorting facilities. Accordingly, there is mounting evidence that the demand for black plastics in consumer products is partly met by sourcing material from the plastic housings of end-of-life waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE). Inefficiently sorted WEEE plastic has the potential to introduce restricted and hazardous substances into the recyclate, including brominated flame retardants (BFRs), Sb, a flame retardant synergist, and the heavy metals, Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb. The current paper examines the life cycles of single-use black food packaging and black plastic WEEE in the context of current international regulations and directives and best practices for sorting, disposal and recycling. The discussion is supported by published and unpublished measurements of restricted substances (including Br as a proxy for BFRs) in food packaging, EEE plastic goods and non-EEE plastic products. Specifically, measurements confirm the linear economy of plastic food packaging and demonstrate a complex quasi-circular economy for WEEE plastic that results in significant and widespread contamination of black consumer goods ranging from thermos cups and cutlery to tool handles and grips, and from toys and games to spectacle frames and jewellery. The environmental impacts and human exposure routes arising from WEEE plastic recycling and contamination of consumer goods are described, including those associated with marine pollution. Regarding the latter, a compilation of elemental data on black plastic litter collected from beaches of southwest England reveals a similar chemical signature to that of contaminated consumer goods and blended plastic WEEE recyclate, exemplifying the pervasiveness of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
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50
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Breitwieser M, Dubillot E, Barbarin M, Churlaud C, Huet V, Muttin F, Thomas H. Assessment of the biological quality of port areas: A case study on the three harbours of La Rochelle: The marina, the fishing harbour and the seaport. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198255. [PMID: 29940009 PMCID: PMC6016900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This work was designed to investigate biological impacts at 3 dates (day 0, day 7 and day 21) on black scallops (Mimachlamys varia) in the three ports areas of La Rochelle town in winter 2017. In order to assess the biological effects on the wild population of black scallops, bivalves were place in four different locations: in the three ports (semi-closed areas), and in a marshland uncontaminated site (closed area). Biomarkers of effects (heavy metals) and exposure (oxidative stress and immunological effects) were assessed in the digestive glands of specimens in order to compare two techniques of sampling: “pool” technique and “inter-subject” technique. Our findings reported in the both techniques show significant modulation of GST (detoxification), SOD (antioxidant response) and MDA (lipid peroxidation) in bivalves exposed to a specific contamination in each port. Laccase-type enzyme also highlighted an important aspect in terms of biomarker response of the immune function at the 7th day of exposition. Overall, our study demonstrated that the “pool” technique using the same quality indicator M. varia could be used to obtain reliable results at lower costs. In contrast, in fundamental context, the “inter-subject” technique could bring more precise results to light. However, it requires burdensome and costly handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Breitwieser
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Emmanuel Dubillot
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Marine Barbarin
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Carine Churlaud
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - Valérie Huet
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | | | - Hélène Thomas
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
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