1
|
Cadrien C, Sharma S, Lazen P, Licandro R, Furtner J, Lipka A, Niess E, Hingerl L, Motyka S, Gruber S, Strasser B, Kiesel B, Mischkulnig M, Preusser M, Roetzer-Pejrimovsky T, Wöhrer A, Weber M, Dorfer C, Trattnig S, Rössler K, Bogner W, Widhalm G, Hangel G. 7 Tesla magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging predicting IDH status and glioma grading. Cancer Imaging 2024; 24:67. [PMID: 38802883 PMCID: PMC11129458 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-024-00704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the application of high-resolution 3D 7 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Imaging (MRSI) in high-grade gliomas, we previously identified intratumoral metabolic heterogeneities. In this study, we evaluated the potential of 3D 7 T-MRSI for the preoperative noninvasive classification of glioma grade and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status. We demonstrated that IDH mutation and glioma grade are detectable by ultra-high field (UHF) MRI. This technique might potentially optimize the perioperative management of glioma patients. METHODS We prospectively included 36 patients with WHO 2021 grade 2-4 gliomas (20 IDH mutated, 16 IDH wildtype). Our 7 T 3D MRSI sequence provided high-resolution metabolic maps (e.g., choline, creatine, glutamine, and glycine) of these patients' brains. We employed multivariate random forest and support vector machine models to voxels within a tumor segmentation, for classification of glioma grade and IDH mutation status. RESULTS Random forest analysis yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 for multivariate IDH classification based on metabolic ratios. We distinguished high- and low-grade tumors by total choline (tCho) / total N-acetyl-aspartate (tNAA) ratio difference, yielding an AUC of 0.99. Tumor categorization based on other measured metabolic ratios provided comparable accuracy. CONCLUSIONS We successfully classified IDH mutation status and high- versus low-grade gliomas preoperatively based on 7 T MRSI and clinical tumor segmentation. With this approach, we demonstrated imaging based tumor marker predictions at least as accurate as comparable studies, highlighting the potential application of MRSI for pre-operative tumor classifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Cadrien
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Sukrit Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Lazen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Roxane Licandro
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Laboratory for Computational Neuroimaging, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, USA
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Computational Imaging Research Lab (CIR), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Furtner
- Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence (MIAAI), Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | - Alexandra Lipka
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Niess
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Hingerl
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stanislav Motyka
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Gruber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Strasser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Kiesel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Mario Mischkulnig
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Roetzer-Pejrimovsky
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Wöhrer
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Computational Imaging Research Lab (CIR), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Dorfer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Clinical Molecular MRI, Karl Landsteiner Society, St. Pölten, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for MR Imaging Biomarkers, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Rössler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for MR Imaging Biomarkers, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for MR Imaging Biomarkers, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Widhalm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Gilbert Hangel
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, High-Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna, A-1090, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for MR Imaging Biomarkers, Vienna, Austria.
- Medical Imaging Cluster, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ser MH, Webb M, Thomsen A, Sener U. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors in Glioma: From Bench to Bedside. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:682. [PMID: 38931350 PMCID: PMC11207016 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are a primary malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) malignancies, most commonly affecting adults under the age of 55. Standard of care therapy for IDH-mutant gliomas involves maximal safe resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, despite good initial responses to multimodality treatment, recurrence is virtually universal. IDH-mutant gliomas represent a life-limiting prognosis. For this reason, there is a great need for novel treatments that can prolong survival. Uniquely for IDH-mutant gliomas, the IDH mutation is the direct driver of oncogenesis through its oncometabolite 2-hydroxygluterate. Inhibition of this mutated IDH with a corresponding reduction in 2-hydroxygluterate offers an attractive treatment target. Researchers have tested several IDH inhibitors in glioma through preclinical and early clinical trials. A phase III clinical trial of an IDH1 and IDH2 inhibitor vorasidenib yielded promising results among patients with low-grade IDH-mutant gliomas who had undergone initial surgery and no radiation or chemotherapy. However, many questions remain regarding optimal use of IDH inhibitors in clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the importance of IDH mutations in oncogenesis of adult-type diffuse gliomas and current evidence supporting the use of IDH inhibitors as therapeutic agents for glioma treatment. We also examine unresolved questions and propose potential directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Hazal Ser
- Department of Neurology, SBU Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Mason Webb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.W.); (U.S.)
| | - Anna Thomsen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ugur Sener
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (M.W.); (U.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dowdy T, Larion M. Resolving Challenges in Detection and Quantification of D-2-hydroxyglutarate and L-2-hydroxyglutarate via LC/MS. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.591335. [PMID: 38903117 PMCID: PMC11188093 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.591335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
D-2-Hydroxyglutarate and L-2-Hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG/L-2HG) are typically metabolites of non-specific enzymatic reactions that are kept in check by the housekeeping enzymes, D-2HG /L-2HG dehydrogenase (D-2HGDH/L-2HGDH). In certain disease states, such as D-2HG or L-2HG aciduria and cancers, accumulation of these biomarkers interferes with oxoglutarate-dependent enzymes that regulate bioenergetic metabolism, histone methylation, post-translational modification, protein expression and others. D-2HG has a complex role in tumorigenesis that drives metabolomics investigations. Meanwhile, L-2HG is produced by non-specific action of malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase under acidic or hypoxic environments. Characterization of divergent effects of D-2HG/L-2HG on the activity of specific enzymes in diseased metabolism depends on their accurate quantification via mass spectrometry. Despite advancements in high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HR-QTOF-MS), challenges are typically encountered when attempting to resolve of isobaric and isomeric metabolites such as D-2HG/L-2HG for quantitative analysis. Herein, available D-2HG/L-2HG derivatization and liquid chromatography (LC) MS quantification methods were examined. The outcome led to the development of a robust, high-throughput HR-QTOF-LC/MS approach that permits concomitant quantification of the D-2HG and L-2HG enantiomers with the benefit to quantify the dysregulation of other intermediates within interconnecting pathways. Calibration curve was obtained over the linear range of 0.8-104 nmol/mL with r 2 ≥ 0.995 for each enantiomer. The LC/MS-based assay had an overall precision with intra-day CV % ≤ 8.0 and inter-day CV % ≤ 6.3 across the quality control level for commercial standard and pooled biological samples; relative error % ≤ 2.7 for accuracy; and resolution, R s = 1.6 between 2HG enantiomers (m/z 147.030), D-2HG and L-2HG (at retention time of 5.82 min and 4.75 min, respectively) following chiral derivatization with diacetyl-L-tartaric anhydride (DATAN). Our methodology was applied to disease relevant samples to illustrate the implications of proper enantioselective quantification of both D-2HG and L-2HG. The stability of the method allows scaling to large cohorts of clinical samples in the future.
Collapse
|
4
|
Jaraíz-Rodríguez M, Del Prado L, Balsa E. Metabolic remodeling in astrocytes: Paving the path to brain tumor development. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106327. [PMID: 37839712 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is a highly metabolic organ, composed of multiple cell classes, that controls crucial functions of the body. Although neurons have traditionally been the main protagonist, astrocytes have gained significant attention over the last decade. In this regard, astrocytes are a type of glial cells that have recently emerged as critical regulators of central nervous system (CNS) function and play a significant role in maintaining brain energy metabolism. However, in certain scenarios, astrocyte behavior can go awry, which poses a significant threat to brain integrity and function. This is definitively the case for mutations that turn normal astrocytes and astrocytic precursors into gliomas, an aggressive type of brain tumor. In addition, healthy astrocytes can interact with tumor cells, becoming part of the tumor microenvironment and influencing disease progression. In this review, we discuss the recent evidence suggesting that disturbed metabolism in astrocytes can contribute to the development and progression of fatal human diseases such as cancer. Emphasis is placed on detailing the molecular bases and metabolic pathways of this disease and highlighting unique metabolic vulnerabilities that can potentially be exploited to develop successful therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Jaraíz-Rodríguez
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Del Prado
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Balsa
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular - IUBM (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Godoy LL, Lim KC, Rajan A, Verma G, Hanaoka M, O’Rourke DM, Lee JYK, Desai A, Chawla S, Mohan S. Non-Invasive Assessment of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Mutant Gliomas Using Optimized Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy on a Routine Clinical 3-Tesla MRI. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4453. [PMID: 37760422 PMCID: PMC10526791 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation has become one of the most important prognostic biomarkers in glioma management, indicating better treatment response and prognosis. IDH mutations confer neomorphic activity leading to the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical potential of proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in identifying IDH-mutant gliomas by detecting characteristic resonances of 2HG and its complex interplay with other clinically relevant metabolites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two patients with suspected infiltrative glioma underwent a single-voxel (SVS, n = 17) and/or single-slice-multivoxel (1H-MRSI, n = 15) proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) sequence with an optimized echo-time (97 ms) on 3T-MRI. Spectroscopy data were analyzed using the linear combination (LC) model. Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) values of <40% were considered acceptable for detecting 2HG and <20% for other metabolites. Immunohistochemical analyses for determining IDH mutational status were subsequently performed from resected tumor specimens and findings were compared with the results from spectral data. Mann-Whitney and chi-squared tests were performed to ascertain differences in metabolite levels between IDH-mutant and IDH-wild-type gliomas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were also performed. RESULTS Data from eight cases were excluded due to poor spectral quality or non-tumor-related etiology, and final data analyses were performed from 24 cases. Of these cases, 9/12 (75%) were correctly identified as IDH-mutant or IDH-wildtype gliomas through SVS and 10/12 (83%) through 1H-MRSI with an overall concordance rate of 79% (19/24). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 80%, 77%, 86%, and 70%, respectively. The metabolite 2HG was found to be significant in predicting IDH-mutant gliomas through the chi-squared test (p < 0.01). The IDH-mutant gliomas also had a significantly higher NAA/Cr ratio (1.20 ± 0.09 vs. 0.75 ± 0.12 p = 0.016) and lower Glx/Cr ratio (0.86 ± 0.078 vs. 1.88 ± 0.66; p = 0.029) than those with IDH wild-type gliomas. The areas under the ROC curves for NAA/Cr and Glx/Cr were 0.808 and 0.786, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Noninvasive optimized 1H-MRS may be useful in predicting IDH mutational status and 2HG may serve as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in patients with gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laiz Laura de Godoy
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.L.d.G.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Kheng Choon Lim
- Department of Neuroradiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169609, Singapore;
| | - Archith Rajan
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.L.d.G.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Mauro Hanaoka
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.L.d.G.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Donald M. O’Rourke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (D.M.O.); (J.Y.K.L.)
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19014, USA
| | - John Y. K. Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (D.M.O.); (J.Y.K.L.)
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19014, USA
| | - Arati Desai
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19014, USA
| | - Sanjeev Chawla
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.L.d.G.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Suyash Mohan
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.L.d.G.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gruber E, Kats LM. The curious case of IDH mutant acute myeloid leukaemia: biochemistry and therapeutic approaches. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1675-1686. [PMID: 37526143 PMCID: PMC10586776 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Of the many genetic alterations that occur in cancer, relatively few have proven to be suitable for the development of targeted therapies. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and -2 increase the capacity of cancer cells to produce a normally scarce metabolite, D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), by several orders of magnitude. The discovery of the unusual biochemistry of IDH mutations spurred a flurry of activity that revealed 2-HG as an 'oncometabolite' with pleiotropic effects in malignant cells and consequences for anti-tumour immunity. Over the next decade, we learned that 2-HG dysregulates a wide array of molecular pathways, among them a large family of dioxygenases that utilise the closely related metabolite α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as an essential co-substrate. 2-HG not only contributes to malignant transformation, but some cancer cells become addicted to it and sensitive to inhibitors that block its synthesis. Moreover, high 2-HG levels and loss of wild-type IDH1 or IDH2 activity gives rise to synthetic lethal vulnerabilities. Herein, we review the biology of IDH mutations with a particular focus on acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), an aggressive disease where selective targeting of IDH-mutant cells is showing significant promise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gruber
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and the Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Lev M. Kats
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and the Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Solomou G, Finch A, Asghar A, Bardella C. Mutant IDH in Gliomas: Role in Cancer and Treatment Options. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112883. [PMID: 37296846 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered metabolism is a common feature of many cancers and, in some cases, is a consequence of mutation in metabolic genes, such as the ones involved in the TCA cycle. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is mutated in many gliomas and other cancers. Physiologically, IDH converts isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), but when mutated, IDH reduces α-KG to D2-hydroxyglutarate (D2-HG). D2-HG accumulates at elevated levels in IDH mutant tumours, and in the last decade, a massive effort has been made to develop small inhibitors targeting mutant IDH. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge about the cellular and molecular consequences of IDH mutations and the therapeutic approaches developed to target IDH mutant tumours, focusing on gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Solomou
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Division of Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Alina Finch
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Asim Asghar
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Chiara Bardella
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Niu N, Ye J, Hu Z, Zhang J, Wang Y. Regulative Roles of Metabolic Plasticity Caused by Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation and Glycolysis on the Initiation and Progression of Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087076. [PMID: 37108242 PMCID: PMC10139088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One important feature of tumour development is the regulatory role of metabolic plasticity in maintaining the balance of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in cancer cells. In recent years, the transition and/or function of metabolic phenotypes between mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in tumour cells have been extensively studied. In this review, we aimed to elucidate the characteristics of metabolic plasticity (emphasizing their effects, such as immune escape, angiogenesis migration, invasiveness, heterogeneity, adhesion, and phenotypic properties of cancers, among others) on tumour progression, including the initiation and progression phases. Thus, this article provides an overall understanding of the influence of abnormal metabolic remodeling on malignant proliferation and pathophysiological changes in carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Niu
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Canghai Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinfeng Ye
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junbin Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Shenzhen Engineering Labortaory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Longhua Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Lihu Campus of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pearl H, Fleischer CC. Association between altered metabolism and genetic mutations in human glioma. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1799. [PMID: 36916606 PMCID: PMC10172161 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular markers for classification of gliomas include isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations and codeletion of chromosomal arms 1p and 19q (1p/19q). While mutations in IDH enzymes result in the well-characterized production of oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate, dysregulation of other metabolites in IDH tumors is less characterized. Similarly, the effects of 1p/19q codeletion on cellular metabolism are also unclear. AIM This study aimed to quantify changes in tumor metabolites in human glioma tissue as a function of both IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. METHODS AND RESULTS Deidentified human glioma tissue and associated clinical data were obtained from the Emory University Winship Cancer Institute tissue biobank from 14 patients (WHO grades II, III, and IV; seven female and seven male). Proton (1 H) high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy data were acquired using a 600 MHz Bruker AVANCE III NMR spectrometer. Metabolite concentrations were calculated using LCModel. Differences in metabolite concentrations as a function of IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and survival status were determined using Mann-Whitney U tests. Concentrations of alanine, glutamine, and glutamate were significantly lower in glioma tissue with IDH mutations compared to tissue with IDH wildtype. Additionally, glutamate concentration was significantly lower in glioma tissue with 1p/19q codeletion compared to intact 1p/19q. Exploratory analysis revealed alanine concentration varied significantly as a function of survival status. CONCLUSIONS Given the emerging landscape of glioma treatments that target metabolic dysregulation, an improved understanding of altered metabolism in molecular sub-types of gliomas, including those with IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion, is an important consideration for treatment stratification and personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pearl
- College of Arts and Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Candace C Fleischer
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Trifănescu OG, Trifănescu RA, Mitrică R, Mitrea D, Ciornei A, Georgescu M, Butnariu I, Galeș LN, Șerbănescu L, Anghel RM, Păun MA. Upstaging and Downstaging in Gliomas-Clinical Implications for the Fifth Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020197. [PMID: 36673007 PMCID: PMC9858599 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO-CNS5) was published as the sixth volume of the international standard for brain and spinal cord tumor classification. The most remarkable practical change in the current classification involves grading gliomas according to molecular characterization. IDH mutant (10%) and IDH wild-type tumors (90%) are two different entities that possess unique biological features and various clinical outcomes regarding treatment response and overall survival. This article presents two comparative cases that highlight the clinical importance of these new classification standards. The first clinical case aimed to provide a comprehensive argument for determining the IDH status in tumors initially appearing as low-grade astrocytoma upon histologic examination, thus underlining the importance of the WHO-CNS5. The second case showed the implications of the histologic overdiagnosis of glioblastoma using the previous classification system with a treatment span of 7 years that proceeded through full-dose re-irradiation up to metronomic therapy. The new WHO-CNS5 classification significantly impacted complex neurooncological cases, thus changing the initial approach to a more precise therapeutic management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oana Gabriela Trifănescu
- Department of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Alexandra Trifănescu
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- “C. I. Parhon” Bucharest Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Mitrică
- Department of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (D.M.); Tel.: +40-741964311 (R.M.); +40-723226233 (D.M.)
| | - Dan Mitrea
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Neuroaxis Neurology Clinic, 011302 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (D.M.); Tel.: +40-741964311 (R.M.); +40-723226233 (D.M.)
| | - Ana Ciornei
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Georgescu
- Department of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Butnariu
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurenția Nicoleta Galeș
- Department of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Medical Oncology II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luiza Șerbănescu
- Department of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Maricela Anghel
- Department of Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai-Andrei Păun
- Radiotherapy II, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He Q, Chen J, Xie Z, Chen Z. Wild-Type Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Dependent Oxidative Decarboxylation and Reductive Carboxylation in Cancer and Their Clinical Significance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235779. [PMID: 36497259 PMCID: PMC9741289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The human isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene encodes for the isoenzymes IDH1, 2, and 3, which catalyze the conversion of isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and are required for normal mammalian metabolism. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 catalyze the reversible conversion of isocitrate to α-KG. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 is the key enzyme that mediates the production of α-KG from isocitrate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. In the TCA cycle, the decarboxylation reaction catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase mediates the conversion of isocitrate to α-KG accompanied by dehydrogenation, a process commonly known as oxidative decarboxylation. The formation of 6-C isocitrate from α-KG and CO2 catalyzed by IDH is termed reductive carboxylation. This IDH-mediated reversible reaction is of great importance in tumor cells. We outline the role of the various isocitrate dehydrogenase isoforms in cancer, discuss the metabolic implications of interference with IDH, summarize therapeutic interventions targeting changes in IDH expression, and highlight areas for future research.
Collapse
|
12
|
Obukhova L, Kopytova T, Murach E, Shchelchkova N, Kontorshchikova C, Medyanik I, Orlinskaya N, Grishin A, Kontorshchikov M, Badanina D. Relationship between Glutathione-Dependent Enzymes and the Immunohistochemical Profile of Glial Neoplasms. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102393. [PMID: 36289655 PMCID: PMC9598304 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the relationships between the parameters of glutathione metabolism and the immunohistochemical characteristics of glial tumors. Postoperative material from 20 patients with gliomas of different grades of anaplasia was analyzed. Bioinformatic analysis of the interactions between the gliomas’ immunohistochemical markers and their glutathione-dependent enzymes was carried out using the STRING, BioGrid, while Signor databases revealed interactions between such glioma markers as IDH and p53 and the glutathione exchange enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase). The most pronounced relationship with glutathione metabolism was demonstrated by the level of the nuclear protein Ki67 as a marker of proliferative activity, and the presence of the IDH1 mutation as one of the key genetic events of gliomagenesis. The glutathione system is an active participant in the body’s antioxidant defense, involving the p53 markers and MGMT promoter methylation. It allows characterization of the gliomal cells’ status at different stages of tumor development.
Collapse
|
13
|
Rahnama N, Jahangir M, Alesaeid S, Kahrizi MS, Adili A, Mohammed RN, Aslaminabad R, Akbari M, Özgönül AM. Association between microRNAs and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer: Current knowledge, new insights, and forthcoming perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:153982. [PMID: 35779293 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma, commonly known as pancreatic cancer (PC), is a cancer-related cause of death due to delayed diagnosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Patients with PC suffer from incorrect responses to chemotherapy due to inherent and acquired chemical resistance. Numerous studies have shown the mechanism of the effect of chemoresistance on PC, such as genetic and epigenetic changes or the elucidation of signaling pathways. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as essential modulators of gene expression in various cellular functions, including chemoresistance. Thus, identifying the underlying link between microRNAs and PC chemoresistance helps determine the exact pathogenesis of PC. This study aims to classify miRNAs and signaling pathways related to PC chemoresistance, suggesting new therapeutic approaches to overcome PC chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negin Rahnama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Health Services, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Samira Alesaeid
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Adili
- Senior Adult Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, FL, USA; Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rebar N Mohammed
- Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University of Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Ramin Aslaminabad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Mert Özgönül
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Different Effects of RNAi-Mediated Downregulation or Chemical Inhibition of NAMPT in an Isogenic IDH Mutant and Wild-Type Glioma Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105787. [PMID: 35628596 PMCID: PMC9143996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The IDH1R132H mutation in glioma results in the neoenzymatic function of IDH1, leading to the production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), alterations in energy metabolism and changes in the cellular redox household. Although shifts in the redox ratio NADPH/NADP+ were described, the consequences for the NAD+ synthesis pathways and potential therapeutic interventions were largely unexplored. Here, we describe the effects of heterozygous IDH1R132H on the redox system in a CRISPR/Cas edited glioblastoma model and compare them with IDH1 wild-type (IDH1wt) cells. Besides an increase in 2-HG and decrease in NADPH, we observed an increase in NAD+ in IDH1R132H glioblastoma cells. RT-qPCR analysis revealed the upregulation of the expression of the NAD+ synthesis enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Knockdown of NAMPT resulted in significantly reduced viability in IDH1R132H glioblastoma cells. Given this dependence of IDH1R132H cells on NAMPT expression, we explored the effects of the NAMPT inhibitors FK866, GMX1778 and GNE-617. Surprisingly, these agents were equally cytotoxic to IDH1R132H and IDH1wt cells. Altogether, our results indicate that targeting the NAD+ synthesis pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy in IDH mutant gliomas; however, the agent should be carefully considered since three small-molecule inhibitors of NAMPT tested in this study were not suitable for this purpose.
Collapse
|
15
|
Branzoli F, Deelchand DK, Liserre R, Poliani PL, Nichelli L, Sanson M, Lehéricy S, Marjańska M. The influence of cystathionine on neurochemical quantification in brain tumor in vivo MR spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:537-545. [PMID: 35381117 PMCID: PMC9232981 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the ability of the PRESS sequence (TE = 97 ms, optimized for 2-hydroxyglutarate detection) to detect cystathionine in gliomas and the effect of the omission of cystathionine on the quantification of the full neurochemical profile. METHODS Twenty-three subjects with a glioma were retrospectively included based on the availability of both MEGA-PRESS and PRESS acquisitions at 3T, and the presence of the cystathionine signal in the edited MR spectrum. In eight subjects, the PRESS acquisition was performed also in normal tissue. Metabolite quantification was performed using LCModel and simulated basis sets. The LCModel analysis for the PRESS data was performed with and without cystathionine. RESULTS All subjects with glioma had detectable cystathionine levels >1 mM with Cramér-Rao lower bounds (CRLB) <15%. The mean cystathionine concentrations were 3.49 ± 1.17 mM for MEGA-PRESS and 2.20 ± 0.80 mM for PRESS data. Cystathionine concentrations showed a significant correlation between the two MRS methods (r = 0.58, p = .004), and it was not detectable in normal tissue. Using PRESS, 19 metabolites were quantified with CRLB <50% for more than half of the subjects. The metabolites that were significantly (p < .0028) and mostly affected by the omission of cystathionine were aspartate, betaine, citrate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and serine. CONCLUSIONS Cystathionine was detectable by PRESS in all the selected gliomas, while it was not detectable in normal tissue. The omission from the spectral analysis of cystathionine led to severe biases in the quantification of other neurochemicals that may play key roles in cancer metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Branzoli
- Paris Brain Institute-Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR), Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Roberto Liserre
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili University Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pietro Luigi Poliani
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucia Nichelli
- Sorbonne University, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sanson
- Sorbonne University, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France.,Department of Neurology 2, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,Onconeurotek Tumor Bank, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Paris Brain Institute-Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR), Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, UMR S 1127, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The efficacy of an unrestricted cycling ketogenic diet in preclinical models of IDH wild-type and IDH mutant glioma. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0257725. [PMID: 35134075 PMCID: PMC8824343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infiltrative gliomas are the most common neoplasms arising in the brain, and remain largely incurable despite decades of research. A subset of these gliomas contains mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1mut) or, less commonly, IDH2 (together called “IDHmut”). These mutations alter cellular biochemistry, and IDHmut gliomas are generally less aggressive than IDH wild-type (IDHwt) gliomas. Some preclinical studies and clinical trials have suggested that various forms of a ketogenic diet (KD), characterized by low-carbohydrate and high-fat content, may be beneficial in slowing glioma progression. However, adherence to a strict KD is difficult, and not all studies have shown promising results. Furthermore, no study has yet addressed whether IDHmut gliomas might be more sensitive to KD. The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of a unrestricted, cycling KD (weekly alternating between KD and standard diet) in preclinical models of IDHwt versus IDHmut gliomas. In vitro, simulating KD by treatment with the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate had no effect on the proliferation of patient-derived IDHwt or IDHmut glioma cells, either in low or normal glucose conditions. Likewise, an unrestricted, cycling KD had no effect on the in vivo growth of patient-derived IDHwt or IDHmut gliomas, even though the cycling KD did result in persistently elevated circulating ketones. Furthermore, this KD conferred no survival benefit in mice engrafted with Sleeping-Beauty transposase-engineered IDHmut or IDHwt glioma. These data suggest that neither IDHwt nor IDHmut gliomas are particularly responsive to an unrestricted, cycling form of KD.
Collapse
|
17
|
Alzial G, Renoult O, Paris F, Gratas C, Clavreul A, Pecqueur C. Wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase under the spotlight in glioblastoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:613-621. [PMID: 34764443 PMCID: PMC8799461 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors actively reprogram their cellular metabolism to survive and proliferate, thus offering potential therapeutic opportunities. Over the past decade, extensive research has been done on mutant IDH enzymes as markers of good prognosis in glioblastoma, a highly aggressive brain tumor in adults with dismal prognosis. Yet, 95% of glioblastoma are IDH wild-type. Here, we review current knowledge about IDH wild-type enzymes and their putative role in mechanisms driving tumor progression. After a brief overview on tumor metabolic adaptation, we present the diverse metabolic function of IDH enzymes and their roles in glioblastoma initiation, progression and response to treatments. Finally, we will discuss wild-type IDH targeting in primary glioblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Alzial
- Université de Nantes, CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Ophelie Renoult
- Université de Nantes, CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - François Paris
- Université de Nantes, CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Catherine Gratas
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Clavreul
- Université d'Angers, CHU d'Angers, CRCINA, F-49000, Angers, France
- Département de Neurochirurgie, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Claire Pecqueur
- Université de Nantes, CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, F-44000, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hvinden IC, Cadoux-Hudson T, Schofield CJ, McCullagh JS. Metabolic adaptations in cancers expressing isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100469. [PMID: 35028610 PMCID: PMC8714851 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The most frequently mutated metabolic genes in human cancer are those encoding the enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2; these mutations have so far been identified in more than 20 tumor types. Since IDH mutations were first reported in glioma over a decade ago, extensive research has revealed their association with altered cellular processes. Mutations in IDH lead to a change in enzyme function, enabling efficient conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2-HG). It is proposed that elevated cellular R-2-HG inhibits enzymes that regulate transcription and metabolism, subsequently affecting nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial biochemistry. The significance of these biochemical changes for tumorigenesis and potential for therapeutic exploitation remains unclear. Here we comprehensively review reported direct and indirect metabolic changes linked to IDH mutations and discuss their clinical significance. We also review the metabolic effects of first-generation mutant IDH inhibitors and highlight the potential for combination treatment strategies and new metabolic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Comfort Hvinden
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Tom Cadoux-Hudson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
- Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, 12 Mansfield Road, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - James S.O. McCullagh
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mellinghoff IK, Chang SM, Jaeckle KA, van den Bent M. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutant Grade II and III Glial Neoplasms. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2021; 36:95-111. [PMID: 34711457 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 or IDH2 occur in most of the adult low-grade gliomas and, less commonly, in cholangiocarcinoma, chondrosarcoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and other human malignancies. Cancer-associated mutations alter the function of the enzyme, resulting in production of R(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate and broad epigenetic dysregulation. Small molecule IDH inhibitors have received regulatory approval for the treatment of IDH mutant (mIDH) leukemia and are under development for the treatment of mIDH solid tumors. This article provides a current view of mIDH adult astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors, including their clinical presentation and treatment, and discusses novel approaches and challenges toward improving the treatment of these tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo K Mellinghoff
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Room M 774SF, San Francisco, CA 94142-0112, USA
| | - Kurt A Jaeckle
- Department of Neurology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Mangurian 4415, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Martin van den Bent
- Department of Neuro-onoclogy, Brain Tumor Center at Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Nt-542, Dr Molenwaterplein 40, Rotterdam 3015 GD, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fan C, Kam S, Ramadori P. Metabolism-Associated Epigenetic and Immunoepigenetic Reprogramming in Liver Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205250. [PMID: 34680398 PMCID: PMC8534280 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic changes have been characterized as hallmarks of liver cancer. Independently of etiology, oncogenic pathways as well as the availability of different energetic substrates critically influence cellular metabolism, and the resulting perturbations often cause aberrant epigenetic alterations, not only in cancer cells but also in the hepatic tumor microenvironment. Metabolic intermediates serve as crucial substrates for various epigenetic modulations, from post-translational modification of histones to DNA methylation. In turn, epigenetic changes can alter the expression of metabolic genes supporting on the one hand, the increased energetic demand of cancer cells and, on the other hand, influence the activity of tumor-associated immune cell populations. In this review, we will illustrate the most recent findings about metabolic reprogramming in liver cancer. We will focus on the metabolic changes characterizing the tumor microenvironment and on how these alterations impact on epigenetic mechanisms involved in the malignant progression. Furthermore, we will report our current knowledge about the influence of cancer-specific metabolites on epigenetic reprogramming of immune cells and we will highlight how this favors a tumor-permissive immune environment. Finally, we will review the current strategies to target metabolic and epigenetic pathways and their therapeutic potential in liver cancer, alone or in combinatorial approaches.
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee SH, Golinska M, Griffiths JR. HIF-1-Independent Mechanisms Regulating Metabolic Adaptation in Hypoxic Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:2371. [PMID: 34572020 PMCID: PMC8472468 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid tumours, cancer cells exist within hypoxic microenvironments, and their metabolic adaptation to this hypoxia is driven by HIF-1 transcription factor, which is overexpressed in a broad range of human cancers. HIF inhibitors are under pre-clinical investigation and clinical trials, but there is evidence that hypoxic cancer cells can adapt metabolically to HIF-1 inhibition, which would provide a potential route for drug resistance. Here, we review accumulating evidence of such adaptions in carbohydrate and creatine metabolism and other HIF-1-independent mechanisms that might allow cancers to survive hypoxia despite anti-HIF-1 therapy. These include pathways in glucose, glutamine, and lipid metabolism; epigenetic mechanisms; post-translational protein modifications; spatial reorganization of enzymes; signalling pathways such as Myc, PI3K-Akt, 2-hyxdroxyglutarate and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); and activation of the HIF-2 pathway. All of these should be investigated in future work on hypoxia bypass mechanisms in anti-HIF-1 cancer therapy. In principle, agents targeted toward HIF-1β rather than HIF-1α might be advantageous, as both HIF-1 and HIF-2 require HIF-1β for activation. However, HIF-1β is also the aryl hydrocarbon nuclear transporter (ARNT), which has functions in many tissues, so off-target effects should be expected. In general, cancer therapy by HIF inhibition will need careful attention to potential resistance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Han Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, KM6 Jalan Langgar, Alor Setar 05460, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Monika Golinska
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK; (M.G.); (J.R.G.)
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - John R. Griffiths
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK; (M.G.); (J.R.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Twenty years of amino acid determination using capillary electrophoresis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1174:338233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
23
|
Lemasters JJ. Metabolic implications of non-electrogenic ATP/ADP exchange in cancer cells: A mechanistic basis for the Warburg effect. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148410. [PMID: 33722515 PMCID: PMC8096716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In post-mitotic cells, mitochondrial ATP/ADP exchange occurs by the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT). Driven by membrane potential (ΔΨ), ANT catalyzes electrogenic exchange of ATP4- for ADP3-, leading to higher ATP/ADP ratios in the cytosol than mitochondria. In cancer cells, ATP/ADP exchange occurs not by ANT but likely via the non-electrogenic ATP-Mg/phosphate carrier. Consequences of non-electrogenic exchange are: 1) Cytosolic ATP/ADP decreases to stimulate aerobic glycolysis. 2) Without proton utilization for exchange, ATP/O increases by 35% for complete glucose oxidation. 3) Decreased cytosolic ATP/ADPPi increases NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+. Increased NADH increases lactate/pyruvate, and increased NADPH promotes anabolic metabolism. Fourth, increased mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ magnifies the redox span across Complexes I and III, which increases ΔΨ, reactive oxygen species generation, and susceptibility to ferroptosis. 5) Increased mitochondrial NADPH/NADP+ favors a reverse isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 reaction with citrate accumulation and export for biomass formation. Consequently, 2-oxoglutarate formation occurs largely via oxidation of glutamine, the preferred respiratory substrate of cancer cells. Overall, non-electrogenic ATP/ADP exchange promotes aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) and confers specific growth advantages to cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Lemasters
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America; Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mohan AA, Tomaszewski WH, Haskell-Mendoza AP, Hotchkiss KM, Singh K, Reedy JL, Fecci PE, Sampson JH, Khasraw M. Targeting Immunometabolism in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:696402. [PMID: 34222022 PMCID: PMC8242259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.696402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have only recently begun to understand how cancer metabolism affects antitumor responses and immunotherapy outcomes. Certain immunometabolic targets have been actively pursued in other tumor types, however, glioblastoma research has been slow to exploit the therapeutic vulnerabilities of immunometabolism. In this review, we highlight the pathways that are most relevant to glioblastoma and focus on how these immunometabolic pathways influence tumor growth and immune suppression. We discuss hypoxia, glycolysis, tryptophan metabolism, arginine metabolism, 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2HG) metabolism, adenosine metabolism, and altered phospholipid metabolism, in order to provide an analysis and overview of the field of glioblastoma immunometabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mustafa Khasraw
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pirozzi CJ, Yan H. The implications of IDH mutations for cancer development and therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021; 18:645-661. [PMID: 34131315 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the genes encoding the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial forms of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1 and IDH2, respectively; collectively referred to as IDH) are frequently detected in cancers of various origins, including but not limited to acute myeloid leukaemia (20%), cholangiocarcinoma (20%), chondrosarcoma (80%) and glioma (80%). In all cases, neomorphic activity of the mutated enzyme leads to production of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate, which has profound cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous effects. The broad effects of IDH mutations on epigenetic, differentiation and metabolic programmes, together with their high prevalence across a variety of cancer types, early presence in tumorigenesis and uniform expression in tumour cells, make mutant IDH an ideal therapeutic target. Herein, we describe the current biological understanding of IDH mutations and the roles of mutant IDH in the various associated cancers. We also present the available preclinical and clinical data on various methods of targeting IDH-mutant cancers and discuss, based on the underlying pathogenesis of different IDH-mutated cancer types, whether the treatment approaches will converge or be context dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Pirozzi
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Hai Yan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Al Mourgi M, El Askary A, Gharib AF, Alzahrani R, Banjer HJ, Elsawy WH, Al Ghamdi AER, Raafat N. Circulating Long Non-Coding RNA GAS5: A Non-Invasive Molecular Marker for Prognosis, Response to Treatment and Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Invest 2021; 39:505-513. [PMID: 33969786 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1928167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are dysregulated in several diseases, especially cancers, e.g. non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Of specific notice in this regard is growth arrest-specific 5 gene (lncRNA GAS5), which is principally recognised as a tumor suppressor gene in numerous cancers. Functionally, GAS5 is involved in arresting cellular growth and induction of apoptosis. We analysed plasma GAS5 expression by qRT-PCR in 100 patients with NSCLC before and after tumour resection surgery. We reported a downregulation of GAS5 expression in NSCLC tissue and plasma, which showed elevation after surgery. Downregulation of GAS5 was associated with poor prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majed Al Mourgi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad El Askary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajab Alzahrani
- Department of Surgery, Medical College, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamsa Jameel Banjer
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael H Elsawy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Nermin Raafat
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Clément A, Doyen M, Fauvelle F, Hossu G, Chen B, Barberi-Heyob M, Hirtz A, Stupar V, Lamiral Z, Pouget C, Gauchotte G, Karcher G, Beaumont M, Verger A, Lemasson B. In vivo characterization of physiological and metabolic changes related to isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation expcression by multiparametric MRI and MRS in a rat model with orthotopically grafted human-derived glioblastoma cell lines. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4490. [PMID: 33599048 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The physiological mechanism induced by the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation, associated with better treatment response in gliomas, remains unknown. The aim of this preclinical study was to characterize the IDH1 mutation through in vivo multiparametric MRI and MRS. Multiparametric MRI, including the measurement of blood flow, vascularity, oxygenation, permeability, and in vivo MRS, was performed on a 4.7 T animal MRI system in rat brains grafted with human-derived glioblastoma U87 cell lines expressing or not the IDH1 mutation by the CRISPR/Cas9 method, and secondarily characterized with additional ex vivo HR-MAS and histological analyses. In univariate analyses, compared with IDH1-, IDH1+ tumors exhibited higher vascular density (p < 0.01) and better perfusion (p = 0.02 for cerebral blood flow), but lower vessel permeability (p < 0.01 for time to peak (TTP), p = 0.04 for contrast enhancement) and decreased T1 map values (p = 0.02). Using linear discriminant analysis, vascular density and TTP values were found to be independent MRI parameters for characterizing the IDH1 mutation (p < 0.01). In vivo MRS and ex vivo HR-MAS analysis showed lower metabolites of tumor aggressiveness for IDH1+ tumors (p < 0.01). Overall, the IDH1 mutation exhibited a higher vascularity on MRI, a lower permeability, and a less aggressive metabolic profile. These MRI features may prove helpful to better pinpoint the physiological mechanisms induced by this mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Clément
- Nancyclotep Molecular and Experimental Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Lorraine University, INSERM, IADI UMR 1254, Nancy, France
| | - Matthieu Doyen
- Nancyclotep Molecular and Experimental Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Lorraine University, INSERM, IADI UMR 1254, Nancy, France
| | | | - Gabriela Hossu
- Lorraine University, INSERM, IADI UMR 1254, Nancy, France
- Lorraine University, CIC-IT UMR 1433, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Bailiang Chen
- Lorraine University, INSERM, IADI UMR 1254, Nancy, France
- Lorraine University, CIC-IT UMR 1433, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Alex Hirtz
- Lorraine University, CNRS, CRAN UMR 7039, Nancy, France
| | - Vasile Stupar
- INSERM, Grenoble University, GIN UMR 1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Zohra Lamiral
- INSERM, Lorraine University, DCAC UMR 1116, Nancy, France
| | - Celso Pouget
- Department of Pathology, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Gilles Karcher
- Nancyclotep Molecular and Experimental Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Marine Beaumont
- Lorraine University, INSERM, IADI UMR 1254, Nancy, France
- Lorraine University, CIC-IT UMR 1433, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Antoine Verger
- Nancyclotep Molecular and Experimental Imaging Platform, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
- Lorraine University, INSERM, IADI UMR 1254, Nancy, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Di Gregorio E, Miolo G, Saorin A, Steffan A, Corona G. From Metabolism to Genetics and Vice Versa: The Rising Role of Oncometabolites in Cancer Development and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5574. [PMID: 34070384 PMCID: PMC8197491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, the study of cancer metabolism has returned to the forefront of cancer research and challenged the role of genetics in the understanding of cancer development. One of the major impulses of this new trend came from the discovery of oncometabolites, metabolic intermediates whose abnormal cellular accumulation triggers oncogenic signalling and tumorigenesis. These findings have led to reconsideration and support for the long-forgotten hypothesis of Warburg of altered metabolism as oncogenic driver of cancer and started a novel paradigm whereby mitochondrial metabolites play a pivotal role in malignant transformation. In this review, we describe the evolution of the cancer metabolism research from a historical perspective up to the oncometabolites discovery that spawned the new vision of cancer as a metabolic disease. The oncometabolites' mechanisms of cellular transformation and their contribution to the development of new targeted cancer therapies together with their drawbacks are further reviewed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Di Gregorio
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Gianmaria Miolo
- Medical Oncology and Cancer Prevention Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy;
| | - Asia Saorin
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (E.D.G.); (A.S.); (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
From Laboratory Studies to Clinical Trials: Temozolomide Use in IDH-Mutant Gliomas. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051225. [PMID: 34067729 PMCID: PMC8157002 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the use of the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) in the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas. We describe the challenges associated with TMZ in clinical (drug resistance and tumor recurrence) and preclinical settings (variabilities associated with in vitro models) in treating IDH-mutant glioma. Lastly, we summarize the emerging therapeutic targets that can potentially be used in combination with TMZ.
Collapse
|
30
|
Glutaminolysis dynamics during astrocytoma progression correlates with tumor aggressiveness. Cancer Metab 2021; 9:18. [PMID: 33910646 PMCID: PMC8082835 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-021-00255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is the most frequent and high-grade adult malignant central nervous system tumor. The prognosis is still poor despite the use of combined therapy involving maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Metabolic reprogramming currently is recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer. Glutamine metabolism through glutaminolysis has been associated with tumor cell maintenance and survival, and with antioxidative stress through glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Methods In the present study, we analyzed the glutaminolysis-related gene expression levels in our cohort of 153 astrocytomas of different malignant grades and 22 non-neoplastic brain samples through qRT-PCR. Additionally, we investigated the protein expression profile of the key regulator of glutaminolysis (GLS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1), and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT2) in these samples. We also investigated the glutathione synthase (GS) protein profile and the GSH levels in different grades of astrocytomas. The differential gene expressions were validated in silico on the TCGA database. Results We found an increase of glutaminase isoform 2 gene (GLSiso2) expression in all grades of astrocytoma compared to non-neoplastic brain tissue, with a gradual expression increment in parallel to malignancy. Genes coding for GLUD1 and GPT2 expression levels varied according to the grade of malignancy, being downregulated in glioblastoma, and upregulated in lower grades of astrocytoma (AGII–AGIII). Significant low GLUD1 and GPT2 protein levels were observed in the mesenchymal subtype of GBM. Conclusions In glioblastoma, particularly in the mesenchymal subtype, the downregulation of both genes and proteins (GLUD1 and GPT2) increases the source of glutamate for GSH synthesis and enhances tumor cell fitness due to increased antioxidative capacity. In contrast, in lower-grade astrocytoma, mainly in those harboring the IDH1 mutation, the gene expression profile indicates that tumor cells might be sensitized to oxidative stress due to reduced GSH synthesis. The measurement of GLUD1 and GPT2 metabolic substrates, ammonia, and alanine, by noninvasive MR spectroscopy, may potentially allow the identification of IDH1mut AGII and AGIII progression towards secondary GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40170-021-00255-8.
Collapse
|
31
|
Nakae S, Kumon M, Murayama K, Ohba S, Sasaki H, Inamasu J, Kuwahara K, Yamada S, Abe M, Hirose Y. Association of preoperative seizures with tumor metabolites quantified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in gliomas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7927. [PMID: 33846339 PMCID: PMC8041994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Seizures are common in patients with gliomas; however, the mechanisms of epileptogenesis in gliomas have not been fully understood. This study hypothesized that analyzing quantified metabolites using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) might provide novel insights to better understand the epileptogenesis in gliomas, and specific metabolites might be indicators of preoperative seizures in gliomas. We retrospectively investigated patient information (gender, age at diagnosis of tumor, their survival time) and tumor information (location, histology, genetic features, and metabolites according to MRS) in patients with gliomas. The data were correlated with the incidence of seizure and analyzed statistically. Of 146 adult supratentorial gliomas, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant tumors significantly indicated higher incidence of preoperative seizures than IDH wild-type gliomas. However, MRS study indicated that glutamate concentration in IDH wild-type gliomas was higher than that in IDH mutant gliomas. Glutamate was not associated with high frequency of preoperative seizures in patients with gliomas. Instead, increased total N-acetyl-L-aspartate (tNAA) was significantly associated with them. Moreover, multivariable analysis indicated that increased level of tNAA was an independent predictor of preoperative seizures. According to MRS analysis, tNAA, rather than glutamate, might be a useful to detect preoperative seizures in patient with supratentorial gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Nakae
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Masanobu Kumon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Murayama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ohba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joji Inamasu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuwahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masato Abe
- Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hirose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Leca J, Fortin J, Mak TW. Illuminating the cross-talk between tumor metabolism and immunity in IDH-mutated cancers. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 68:181-185. [PMID: 33360716 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and 2 (IDH2) are key drivers of diverse cancers, including gliomas and hematological malignancies. IDH mutations cause neomorphic enzymatic activity that results in the production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). In addition to 2-HG's well-known effects on tumor cells themselves, it has become increasingly clear that 2-HG directly influences the tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, the non-cell-autonomous impact of 2-HG on the immune system likely plays a major role in shaping disease development and response to therapy. It is therefore critical to understand how IDH mutations affect the metabolism, epigenetics, and functions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Such knowledge may point towards new therapeutic approaches to treat IDH-mutant cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Leca
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jerome Fortin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tak W Mak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Non-Invasive Prediction of IDH Mutation in Patients with Glioma WHO II/III/IV Based on F-18-FET PET-Guided In Vivo 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Machine Learning. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113406. [PMID: 33212941 PMCID: PMC7698334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Approximately 75–80% of according to the classification of world health organization (WHO) grade II and III gliomas are characterized by a mutation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes, which are very important in glioma cell metabolism. Patients with IDH mutated glioma have a significantly better prognosis than patients with IDH wildtype status, typically seen in glioblastoma WHO grade IV. Here we used a prospective O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) positron emission tomography guided single-voxel 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy approach to predict the IDH status before surgery. Finally, 34 patients were included in this neuroimaging study, of whom eight had additionally tissue analysis. Using a machine learning technique, we predicted IDH status with an accuracy of 88.2%, a sensitivity of 95.5% and a specificity of 75.0%. It was newly recognized, that two metabolites (myo-inositol and glycine) have a particularly important role in the determination of the IDH status. Abstract Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-1 mutation is an important prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in glioma. Immunohistological and molecular diagnosis of IDH mutation status is invasive. To avoid tumor biopsy, dedicated spectroscopic techniques have been proposed to detect D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), the main metabolite of IDH, directly in vivo. However, these methods are technically challenging and not broadly available. Therefore, we explored the use of machine learning for the non-invasive, inexpensive and fast diagnosis of IDH status in standard 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). To this end, 30 of 34 consecutive patients with known or suspected glioma WHO grade II-IV were subjected to metabolic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (18F-FET) for optimized voxel placement in 1H-MRS. Routine 1H-magnetic resonance (1H-MR) spectra of tumor and contralateral healthy brain regions were acquired on a 3 Tesla magnetic resonance (3T-MR) scanner, prior to surgical tumor resection and molecular analysis of IDH status. Since 2-HG spectral signals were too overlapped for reliable discrimination of IDH mutated (IDHmut) and IDH wild-type (IDHwt) glioma, we used a nested cross-validation approach, whereby we trained a linear support vector machine (SVM) on the complete spectral information of the 1H-MRS data to predict IDH status. Using this approach, we predicted IDH status with an accuracy of 88.2%, a sensitivity of 95.5% (95% CI, 77.2–99.9%) and a specificity of 75.0% (95% CI, 42.9–94.5%), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) amounted to 0.83. Subsequent ex vivo 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) measurements performed on metabolite extracts of resected tumor material (eight specimens) revealed myo-inositol (M-ins) and glycine (Gly) to be the major discriminators of IDH status. We conclude that our approach allows a reliable, non-invasive, fast and cost-effective prediction of IDH status in a standard clinical setting.
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Significance: Cancer cells are stabilized in an undifferentiated state similar to stem cells. This leads to profound modifications of their metabolism, which further modifies their genetics and epigenetics as malignancy progresses. Specific metabolites and enzymes may serve as clinical markers of cancer progression. Recent Advances: Both 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) enantiomers are associated with reprogrammed metabolism, in grade III/IV glioma, glioblastoma, and acute myeloid leukemia cells, and numerous other cancer types, while acting also in the cross talk of tumors with immune cells. 2HG contributes to specific alternations in cancer metabolism and developed oxidative stress, while also inducing decisions on the differentiation of naive T lymphocytes, and serves as a signal messenger in immune cells. Moreover, 2HG inhibits chromatin-modifying enzymes, namely 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, and interferes with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcriptome reprogramming and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, thus dysregulating gene expression and further promoting cancerogenesis. Critical Issues: Typically, heterozygous mutations within the active sites of isocitrate dehydrogenase isoform 1 (IDH1)R132H and mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase isoform 2 (IDH2)R140Q provide cells with millimolar r-2-hydroxyglutarate (r-2HG) concentrations, whereas side activities of lactate and malate dehydrogenase form submillimolar s-2-hydroxyglutarate (s-2HG). However, even wild-type IDH1 and IDH2, notably under shifts toward reductive carboxylation glutaminolysis or changes in other enzymes, lead to "intermediate" 0.01-0.1 mM 2HG levels, for example, in breast carcinoma compared with 10-8M in noncancer cells. Future Directions: Uncovering further molecular metabolism details specific for given cancer cell types and sequence-specific epigenetic alternations will lead to the design of diagnostic approaches, not only for predicting patients' prognosis or uncovering metastases and tumor remissions but also for early diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yamashita AS, da Costa Rosa M, Stumpo V, Rais R, Slusher BS, Riggins GJ. The glutamine antagonist prodrug JHU-083 slows malignant glioma growth and disrupts mTOR signaling. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 3:vdaa149. [PMID: 33681764 PMCID: PMC7920530 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic reprogramming is a common feature in cancer, and it is critical to facilitate cancer cell growth. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1 and IDH2) mutations (IDHmut) are the most common genetic alteration in glioma grade II and III and secondary glioblastoma and these mutations increase reliance on glutamine metabolism, suggesting a potential vulnerability. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the brain penetrant glutamine antagonist prodrug JHU-083 reduces glioma cell growth. Material and Methods We performed cell growth, cell cycle, and protein expression in glutamine deprived or Glutaminase (GLS) gene silenced glioma cells. We tested the effect of JHU-083 on cell proliferation, metabolism, and mTOR signaling in cancer cell lines. An orthotopic IDH1R132H glioma model was used to test the efficacy of JHU-083 in vivo. Results Glutamine deprivation and GLS gene silencing reduced glioma cell proliferation in vitro in glioma cells. JHU-083 reduced glioma cell growth in vitro, modulated cell metabolism, and disrupted mTOR signaling and downregulated Cyclin D1 protein expression, through a mechanism independent of TSC2 modulation and glutaminolysis. IDH1R132H isogenic cells preferentially reduced cell growth and mTOR signaling downregulation. In addition, guanine supplementation partially rescued IDHmut glioma cell growth, mTOR signaling, and Cyclin D1 protein expression in vitro. Finally, JHU-083 extended survival in an intracranial IDH1 mut glioma model and reduced intracranial pS6 protein expression. Conclusion Targeting glutamine metabolism with JHU-083 showed efficacy in preclinical models of IDHmut glioma and measurably decreased mTOR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Shimura Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Marina da Costa Rosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vittorio Stumpo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rana Rais
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Barbara S Slusher
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory J Riggins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yoo HC, Yu YC, Sung Y, Han JM. Glutamine reliance in cell metabolism. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1496-1516. [PMID: 32943735 PMCID: PMC8080614 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00504-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As knowledge of cell metabolism has advanced, glutamine has been considered an important amino acid that supplies carbon and nitrogen to fuel biosynthesis. A recent study provided a new perspective on mitochondrial glutamine metabolism, offering mechanistic insights into metabolic adaptation during tumor hypoxia, the emergence of drug resistance, and glutaminolysis-induced metabolic reprogramming and presenting metabolic strategies to target glutamine metabolism in cancer cells. In this review, we introduce the various biosynthetic and bioenergetic roles of glutamine based on the compartmentalization of glutamine metabolism to explain why cells exhibit metabolic reliance on glutamine. Additionally, we examined whether glutamine derivatives contribute to epigenetic regulation associated with tumorigenesis. In addition, in discussing glutamine transporters, we propose a metabolic target for therapeutic intervention in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Chan Yoo
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Ya Chun Yu
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Yulseung Sung
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Han
- Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, South Korea.
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu Y, Lang F, Chou FJ, Zaghloul KA, Yang C. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations in Glioma: Genetics, Biochemistry, and Clinical Indications. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090294. [PMID: 32825279 PMCID: PMC7554955 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) are commonly observed in lower-grade glioma and secondary glioblastomas. IDH mutants confer a neomorphic enzyme activity that converts α-ketoglutarate to an oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate, which impacts cellular epigenetics and metabolism. IDH mutation establishes distinctive patterns in metabolism, cancer biology, and the therapeutic sensitivity of glioma. Thus, a deeper understanding of the roles of IDH mutations is of great value to improve the therapeutic efficacy of glioma and other malignancies that share similar genetic characteristics. In this review, we focused on the genetics, biochemistry, and clinical impacts of IDH mutations in glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.L.); (F.L.); (F.-J.C.)
| | - Fengchao Lang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.L.); (F.L.); (F.-J.C.)
| | - Fu-Ju Chou
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.L.); (F.L.); (F.-J.C.)
| | - Kareem A. Zaghloul
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Chunzhang Yang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.L.); (F.L.); (F.-J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-760-7083
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Isocitrate dehydrogenase variants in cancer - Cellular consequences and therapeutic opportunities. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 57:122-134. [PMID: 32777735 PMCID: PMC7487778 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism is common in cancer cells and often correlates with mutations in genes encoding for enzymes involved in small-molecule metabolism. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is the most frequently mutated metabolic gene in cancer. Cancer-associated substitutions in IDH1 and IDH2 impair wild-type production of 2-oxoglutarate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) from isocitrate and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+ ), and substantially promote the IDH variant catalysed conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to d-2-hydroxyglutarate (d-2HG). Elevated d-2HG is a biomarker for some cancers, and inhibition of IDH1 and IDH2 variants is being pursued as a medicinal chemistry target. We provide an overview of the types of cancer-associated IDH variants, discuss some of the proposed consequences of altered metabolism as a result of elevated d-2HG, summarise therapeutic efforts targeting IDH variants and identify areas for future research.
Collapse
|
39
|
Branzoli F, Marjańska M. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutated gliomas: current knowledge on the neurochemical profile. Curr Opin Neurol 2020; 33:413-421. [PMID: 32657882 PMCID: PMC7526653 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may play a key role for the management of patients with glioma. We highlighted the utility of MRS in the noninvasive diagnosis of gliomas with mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes, by providing an overview of the neurochemical alterations observed in different glioma subtypes, as well as during treatment and progression, both in vivo and ex vivo. RECENT FINDINGS D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) decrease during anticancer treatments was recently shown to be associated with altered levels of other metabolites, including lactate, glutamate and glutathione, suggesting that tumour treatment leads to a metabolic reprogramming beyond 2HG depletion. In combination with 2HG quantification, cystathionine and glycine seem to be the most promising candidates for higher specific identification of glioma subtypes and follow-up of disease progression and response to treatment. SUMMARY The implementation of advanced MRS methods in the routine clinical practice will allow the quantification of metabolites that are not detectable with conventional methods and may enable immediate, accurate diagnosis of gliomas, which is crucial for planning optimal therapeutic strategies and follow-up examinations. The role of different metabolites as predictors of patient outcome still needs to be elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Branzoli
- Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche - CENIR
- ICM, INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ruiz-Rodado V, Seki T, Dowdy T, Lita A, Zhang M, Han S, Yang C, Cherukuri MK, Gilbert MR, Larion M. Metabolic Landscape of a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of IDH1 Mutant Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1633. [PMID: 32575619 PMCID: PMC7352932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the metabolic reprogramming of aggressive brain tumors has potential applications for therapeutics as well as imaging biomarkers. However, little is known about the nutrient requirements of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutant gliomas. The IDH1 mutation involves the acquisition of a neomorphic enzymatic activity which generates D-2-hydroxyglutarate from α-ketoglutarate. In order to gain insight into the metabolism of these malignant brain tumors, we conducted metabolic profiling of the orthotopic tumor and the contralateral regions for the mouse model of IDH1 mutant glioma; as well as to examine the utilization of glucose and glutamine in supplying major metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA). We also revealed that the main substrate of 2-hydroxyglutarate is glutamine in this model, and how this re-routing impairs its utilization in the TCA. Our 13C tracing analysis, along with hyperpolarized magnetic resonance experiments, revealed an active glycolytic pathway similar in both regions (tumor and contralateral) of the brain. Therefore, we describe the reprogramming of the central carbon metabolism associated with the IDH1 mutation in a genetically engineered mouse model which reflects the tumor biology encountered in glioma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Ruiz-Rodado
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.S.); (M.K.C.)
| | - Tyrone Dowdy
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Adrian Lita
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Meili Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Sue Han
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Chunzhang Yang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Murali K. Cherukuri
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.S.); (M.K.C.)
| | - Mark R. Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Mioara Larion
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (V.R.-R.); (T.D.); (A.L.); (M.Z.); (S.H.); (C.Y.); (M.R.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ishikawa K, Hosoi Y, Tanaka H, Jiang L, Toyokuni S, Nakamura K, Kajiyama H, Kikkawa F, Mizuno M, Hori M. Non-thermal plasma-activated lactate solution kills U251SP glioblastoma cells in an innate reductive manner with altered metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 688:108414. [PMID: 32464090 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ringer's lactate solution irradiated by non-thermal plasma, comprised of radicals, electrons, and ions, is defined as plasma-activated lactate (PAL). PAL exhibited antitumor effects in glioblastoma U251SP cells, which we termed PAL-specific regulated cell death. In contrast to the oxidative stress condition typical of cells incubated in plasma-activated medium (PAM), U251SP cells treated with Ringer's lactate solution or PAL exhibited changes in intracellular metabolites that were reductive in the redox state, as measured by the ratio of oxidative/reductive glutathione concentrations. In the metabolomic profiles of PAL-treated cells, the generation of acetyl-CoA increased for lipid metabolism from alanine and asparagine. PAL thus induces regulated death of U251SP glioblastoma cells in more innate microenvironments than PAM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ishikawa
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 484-8601, Japan.
| | - Yugo Hosoi
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 484-8601, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanaka
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 484-8601, Japan; Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 484-8601, Japan; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kae Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 484-8601, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mizuno
- Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Masaru Hori
- Center for Low-temperature Plasma Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 484-8601, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
IDH mutation in glioma: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1580-1589. [PMID: 32291392 PMCID: PMC7250901 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0814-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzymes catalyse the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate and therefore play key roles in the Krebs cycle and cellular homoeostasis. Major advances in cancer genetics over the past decade have revealed that the genes encoding IDHs are frequently mutated in a variety of human malignancies, including gliomas, acute myeloid leukaemia, cholangiocarcinoma, chondrosarcoma and thyroid carcinoma. A series of seminal studies further elucidated the biological impact of the IDH mutation and uncovered the potential role of IDH mutants in oncogenesis. Notably, the neomorphic activity of the IDH mutants establishes distinctive patterns in cancer metabolism, epigenetic shift and therapy resistance. Novel molecular targeting approaches have been developed to improve the efficacy of therapeutics against IDH-mutated cancers. Here we provide an overview of the latest findings in IDH-mutated human malignancies, with a focus on glioma, discussing unique biological signatures and proceedings in translational research.
Collapse
|
43
|
Goryawala M, Saraf-Lavi E, Nagornaya N, Heros D, Komotar R, Maudsley AA. The Association between Whole-Brain MR Spectroscopy and IDH Mutation Status in Gliomas. J Neuroimaging 2019; 30:58-64. [PMID: 31868291 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) have a direct effect on gliomagenesis. The purpose of this study is to quantify differences in brain metabolites due to IDH mutations. METHODS Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) was performed in 35 patients with gliomas of different grade and varied IDH mutation status. Volumes of interest (VOIs) for active tumor (tVOI), peritumoral area (pVOI), and contralateral normal-appearing white matter (cVOI) were created. Metabolite ratios of Choline (Cho) to both N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and Creatine (Cr) were estimated. Ratios of Glutamate/Glutamine complex (Glx) and myoinositol (mIno) to Cr were also quantified. General linear models (GLMs) were used to estimate the effects of IDH mutation on metabolite measures, with age, gender, and tumor grade used as covariates. RESULTS GLM analysis showed that maximum Cho/NAA and Cho/Cr in the tVOI were significantly (P < .05) higher in IDH mutant lesions as compared to wild-type. In the pVOI, mean Cho/Cr was found to be significantly different among IDH mutant and wild-type gliomas. Mean Cho/NAA (P = .306) and Cho/Cr (P = .292) within the tVOI were not significantly different. Ratios of Glx/Cr and mIno/Cr in any region showed no significant differences between IDH mutant and wild-type gliomas. No significant differences in metabolite ratios were seen in the cVOI between IDH mutants and wild-types. CONCLUSION IDH mutation's effect in gliomas show an increase in Cho in the tumor and perilesional regions as compared to wild-type lesions but do not show widespread changes across the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Deborah Heros
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Ricardo Komotar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Biedermann J, Preussler M, Conde M, Peitzsch M, Richter S, Wiedemuth R, Abou-El-Ardat K, Krüger A, Meinhardt M, Schackert G, Leenders WP, Herold-Mende C, Niclou SP, Bjerkvig R, Eisenhofer G, Temme A, Seifert M, Kunz-Schughart LA, Schröck E, Klink B. Mutant IDH1 Differently Affects Redox State and Metabolism in Glial Cells of Normal and Tumor Origin. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122028. [PMID: 31888244 PMCID: PMC6966450 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IDH1R132H (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) mutations play a key role in the development of low-grade gliomas. IDH1wt converts isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate while reducing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+), whereas IDH1R132H uses α-ketoglutarate and NADPH to generate the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). While the effects of 2-HG have been the subject of intense research, the 2-HG independent effects of IDH1R132H are still ambiguous. The present study demonstrates that IDH1R132H expression but not 2-HG alone leads to significantly decreased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites, reduced proliferation, and enhanced sensitivity to irradiation in both glioblastoma cells and astrocytes in vitro. Glioblastoma cells, but not astrocytes, showed decreased NADPH and NAD+ levels upon IDH1R132H transduction. However, in astrocytes IDH1R132H led to elevated expression of the NAD-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). These effects were not 2-HG mediated. This suggests that IDH1R132H cells utilize NAD+ to restore NADP pools, which only astrocytes could compensate via induction of NAMPT. We found that the expression of NAMPT is lower in patient-derived IDH1-mutant glioma cells and xenografts compared to IDH1-wildtype models. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis confirmed lower NAMPT expression in IDH1-mutant versus IDH1-wildtype gliomas. We show that the IDH1 mutation directly affects the energy homeostasis and redox state in a cell-type dependent manner. Targeting the impairments in metabolism and redox state might open up new avenues for treating IDH1-mutant gliomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Biedermann
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.A.-E.-A.); (A.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Matthias Preussler
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.A.-E.-A.); (A.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Marina Conde
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Mirko Peitzsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.P.); (S.R.); (G.E.)
| | - Susan Richter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.P.); (S.R.); (G.E.)
| | - Ralf Wiedemuth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Khalil Abou-El-Ardat
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.A.-E.-A.); (A.K.); (E.S.)
| | - Alexander Krüger
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.A.-E.-A.); (A.K.); (E.S.)
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Meinhardt
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.S.); (A.T.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William P. Leenders
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Simone P. Niclou
- Department of Oncology, NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (S.P.N.); (R.B.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- Department of Oncology, NorLux Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), L-1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; (S.P.N.); (R.B.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.P.); (S.R.); (G.E.)
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Achim Temme
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.C.); (R.W.); (G.S.); (A.T.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Seifert
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Leoni A. Kunz-Schughart
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Evelin Schröck
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.A.-E.-A.); (A.K.); (E.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Klink
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.B.); (M.P.); (K.A.-E.-A.); (A.K.); (E.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center of Genetics (NCG), Laboratoire national de santé (LNS), L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +352-28100-418; Fax: +352-28100-441
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sun X, Heinrich P, Berger RS, Oefner PJ, Dettmer K. Quantification and 13C-Tracer analysis of total reduced glutathione by HPLC-QTOFMS/MS. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1080:127-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
46
|
Chinopoulos C, Seyfried TN. Mitochondrial Substrate-Level Phosphorylation as Energy Source for Glioblastoma: Review and Hypothesis. ASN Neuro 2019; 10:1759091418818261. [PMID: 30909720 PMCID: PMC6311572 DOI: 10.1177/1759091418818261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant of the primary adult brain cancers. Ultrastructural and biochemical evidence shows that GBM cells exhibit mitochondrial abnormalities incompatible with energy production through oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos). Under such conditions, the mitochondrial F0-F1 ATP synthase operates in reverse at the expense of ATP hydrolysis to maintain a moderate membrane potential. Moreover, expression of the dimeric M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase in GBM results in diminished ATP output, precluding a significant ATP production from glycolysis. If ATP synthesis through both glycolysis and OxPhos was impeded, then where would GBM cells obtain high-energy phosphates for growth and invasion? Literature is reviewed suggesting that the succinate-CoA ligase reaction in the tricarboxylic acid cycle can substantiate sufficient ATP through mitochondrial substrate-level phosphorylation (mSLP) to maintain GBM growth when OxPhos is impaired. Production of high-energy phosphates would be supported by glutaminolysis—a hallmark of GBM metabolism—through the sequential conversion of glutamine → glutamate → alpha-ketoglutarate → succinyl CoA → succinate. Equally important, provision of ATP through mSLP would maintain the adenine nucleotide translocase in forward mode, thus preventing the reverse-operating F0-F1 ATP synthase from depleting cytosolic ATP reserves. Because glucose and glutamine are the primary fuels driving the rapid growth of GBM and most tumors for that matter, simultaneous restriction of these two substrates or inhibition of mSLP should diminish cancer viability, growth, and invasion.
Collapse
|
47
|
Xu H, Xia YK, Li CJ, Zhang JY, Liu Y, Yi W, Qin ZY, Chen L, Shi ZF, Quan K, Yang ZX, Guan KL, Xiong Y, Ng HK, Ye D, Hua W, Mao Y. Rapid diagnosis of IDH1-mutated gliomas by 2-HG detection with gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J Transl Med 2019; 99:588-598. [PMID: 30573870 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1, 2) are frequently mutated in gliomas. Mutation of IDH defines a distinct subtype of glioma and predicts therapeutic response. IDH mutation has a remarkable neomorphic activity of converting α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), which is now commonly referred to as an oncometabolite and biomarker for gliomas. PCR-sequencing (n = 220), immunohistochemistry staining (IHC, n = 220), and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS, n = 87) were applied to identify IDH mutation in gliomas, and the sensitivity and specificity of these strategies were compared. PCR-sequencing and IHC staining are reliable for retrospective assessment of IDH1 mutation in gliomas, but both methods usually take 1-2 days, which hinders their application for rapid diagnosis. GC-MS-based methods can detect 2-HG qualitatively and quantitatively, offering information on the IDH1 mutation status in gliomas with the sensitivity and specificity being 100%. Further optimization of the GC-MS based methodology (so called as the mini-column method) enabled us to determine 2-HG within 40 min in glioma samples without complex or time-consuming preparation. Most importantly, the ratio of 2-HG/glutamic acid was shown to be a reliable parameter for determination of mutation status. The mini-column method enables rapid identification of 2-HG, providing a promising strategy for intraoperative diagnosis of IDH1-mutated gliomas in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Kun Xia
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Jie Li
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Ye Zhang
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yi
- China Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Quan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Xiao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yue Xiong
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ho-Keung Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Southern China in Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Ye
- The Molecular and Cell Biology Lab, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and The Collaborative Innovation Centre for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Non-thermal plasma-activated medium modified metabolomic profiles in the glycolysis of U251SP glioblastoma. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 662:83-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
49
|
Zhou L, Wang Z, Hu C, Zhang C, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Yu D, Liu S, Ren F, Wang X, Li Y, Hou X, Piao H, Lu X, Zhang Y, Xu G. Integrated Metabolomics and Lipidomics Analyses Reveal Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Glioma with IDH1 Mutation. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:960-969. [PMID: 30596429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase ( IDH) 1 are high-frequency events in low-grade glioma and secondary glioblastoma, and IDH1 mutant gliomas are vulnerable to interventions. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. In this study, comprehensive metabolism investigation of clinical IDH1 mutant glioma specimens was performed to explore its specific metabolic reprogramming in real microenvironment. Massive metabolic alterations from glycolysis to lipid metabolism were identified in the IDH1 mutant glioma tissue when compared to IDH1 wild-type glioma. Of note, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates were in similar levels in both groups, with more pyruvate found entering the TCA cycle in IDH1 mutant glioma. The pool of fatty acyl chains was also reduced, displayed as decreased triglycerides and sphingolipids, although membrane phosphatidyl lipids were not changed. The lower fatty acyl pool may be mediated by the lower protein expression levels of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1), ACSL4, and very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (ACSVL3) in IDH1 mutant glioma. Lower ACSL1 was further found to contribute to the better survival of IDH1 mutant glioma patients based on the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA sequencing data. Our research provides valuable insights into the tissue metabolism of human IDH1 mutant glioma and unravels new lipid-related targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Chunxiu Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , P. R. China
| | - Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Di Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , P. R. China
| | - Feifei Ren
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Yanli Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Hailong Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , P. R. China
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Brain T1ρ mapping for grading and IDH1 gene mutation detection of gliomas: a preliminary study. J Neurooncol 2018; 141:245-252. [PMID: 30414094 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-03033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The longitudinal relaxation time in the rotating frame (T1ρ) has proved to be sensitive to metabolism and useful in application to neurodegenerative diseases. However, few literature exists on its utility in gliomas. Thus, this study was conducted to explore the performance of T1ρ mapping in tumor grading and characterization of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene mutation status of gliomas. METHODS Fifty-seven patients with gliomas underwent brain MRI and quantitative measurements of T1ρ and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were recorded. Parameters were compared between high-grade gliomas (HGG) and low-grade gliomas (LGG) and between IDH1 mutant and wildtype groups. RESULTS HGG showed significantly higher T1ρ values in both the solid and peritumoral edema areas compared with LGG (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively), whereas no significant differences in the two areas were found for ADC (both P > 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that T1ρ value in the solid area achieved the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC, 0.841) in grading with a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 81.0%. In the grade II/III glioma group, multivariate logistic regression showed that both tumor frontal lobe location (odds ratio [OR] 526.608; P = 0.045) and T1ρ value of the peritumoral edema area (OR 0.863; P = 0.037) were significant predictors of IDH1 mutation. Using the combination, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for IDH1 mutated gliomas were 93.3% and 88.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows the feasibility of applying T1ρ mapping in assessing the histologic grade and IDH1 mutation status of gliomas.
Collapse
|