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Xue X, Li Y, Yao Y, Zhang S, Peng C, Li Y. A comprehensive review of miR-21 in liver disease: Big impact of little things. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112116. [PMID: 38696909 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA with 20-24 nucleotides, are defined as the powerful regulators for gene expression. miR-21 is a multifunctional miRNA enriched in the circulatory system and multiple organs, which not only serves as a non-invasive biomarker in disease diagnosis, but also participates in many cellular activities. In various chronic liver diseases, the increase of miR-21 affects glycolipid metabolism, viral infection, inflammatory and immune cell activation, hepatic stellate cells activation and tissue fibrosis, and autophagy. Moreover, miR-21 is also a liaison in the deterioration of chronic liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and it impacts on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, immune escape, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation by regulating target genes expression in different signaling pathways. In current research on miRNA therapy, some natural products can exert the hepatoprotective effects depending on the inhibition of miR-21 expression. In addition, miR-21-based therapeutic also play a role in regulating intracellular miR-21 levels and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs. Herein, we systemically summarized the recent progress of miR-21 on biosynthesis, biomarker function, molecular mechanism and miRNA therapy in chronic liver disease and HCC, and looked forward to outputting some information to enable it from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shenglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Koustas E, Trifylli EM, Sarantis P, Papadopoulos N, Papanikolopoulos K, Aloizos G, Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Garmpi A, Matthaios D, Karamouzis MV. An Insight into the Arising Role of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Future Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087168. [PMID: 37108330 PMCID: PMC10138911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes a frequent highly malignant form of primary liver cancer and is the third cause of death attributable to malignancy. Despite the improvement in the therapeutic strategies with the exploration of novel pharmacological agents, the survival rate for HCC is still low. Shedding light on the multiplex genetic and epigenetic background of HCC, such as on the emerging role of microRNAs, is considered quite promising for the diagnosis and the prediction of this malignancy, as well as for combatting drug resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute small noncoding RNA sequences, which play a key role in the regulation of several signaling and metabolic pathways, as well as of pivotal cellular functions such as autophagy, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. It is also demonstrated that miRNAs are significantly implicated in carcinogenesis, either acting as tumor suppressors or oncomiRs, while aberrations in their expression levels are closely associated with tumor growth and progression, as well as with local invasion and metastatic dissemination. The arising role of miRNAs in HCC is in the spotlight of the current scientific research, aiming at the development of novel therapeutic perspectives. In this review, we will shed light on the emerging role of miRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Koustas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, 401 General Army Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Georgios Aloizos
- First Department of Internal Medicine, 417 Army Equity Fund Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Damaskos
- 'N.S. Christeas' Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Renal Transplantation Unit, 'Laiko' General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- Second Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75, M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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3
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Zhang H, Ding R, Chen D. Value of miR-21 levels as potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma:a meta-analysis. Biomarkers 2021; 26:586-597. [PMID: 34266326 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1955976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have reported that miR-21 levels are different between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and healthy controls, which could be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for HCC. However, the diagnostic value of miR-21 for HCC varied greatly in previous studies. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to provide higher grade evidence to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-21 for HCC. METHODS The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese databases (CNKI and VIP) were searched. The indices of miR-21 in the diagnosis of HCC were pooled using bivariate random-effect models. QUADAS-2 was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. All statistical analyses were performed by STATA (12.0) software. RESULTS Totally, 1589 subjects from 14 publications were included in this study. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.83 (0.77-0.88), 0.80 (0.74-0.85), 4.12 (3.04-5.57), 0.21 (0.15-0.30), and 0.88 (0.85-0.91), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the AUC was higher in Non-China subgroup, qRT-PCR subgroup, and plasma subgroup than that in China subgroup, ddPCR subgroup, and serum subgroup, respectively. However, the AUC was not significantly different between the healthy control subgroup and chronic hepatitis control subgroup. Significant heterogeneity was found in this meta-analysis, while no evident publication bias was identified. CONCLUSIONS miR-21 is a valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Daojun Chen
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Abstract
This review provides epidemiological and translational evidence for milk and dairy intake as critical risk factors in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Large epidemiological studies in the United States and Europe identified total dairy, milk and butter intake with the exception of yogurt as independent risk factors of HCC. Enhanced activity of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a hallmark of HCC promoted by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). mTORC1 is also activated by milk protein-induced synthesis of hepatic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), abundant constituents of milk proteins. Over the last decades, annual milk protein-derived BCAA intake increased 3 to 5 times in Western countries. In synergy with HBV- and HCV-induced secretion of hepatocyte-derived exosomes enriched in microRNA-21 (miR-21) and miR-155, exosomes of pasteurized milk as well deliver these oncogenic miRs to the human liver. Thus, milk exosomes operate in a comparable fashion to HBV- or HCV- induced exosomes. Milk-derived miRs synergistically enhance IGF-1-AKT-mTORC1 signaling and promote mTORC1-dependent translation, a meaningful mechanism during the postnatal growth phase, but a long-term adverse effect promoting the development of HCC. Both, dietary BCAA abundance combined with oncogenic milk exosome exposure persistently overstimulate hepatic mTORC1. Chronic alcohol consumption as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), two HCC-related conditions, increase BCAA plasma levels. In HCC, mTORC1 is further hyperactivated due to RAB1 mutations as well as impaired hepatic BCAA catabolism, a metabolic hallmark of T2DM. The potential HCC-preventive effect of yogurt may be caused by lactobacilli-mediated degradation of BCAAs, inhibition of branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase via production of intestinal medium-chain fatty acids as well as degradation of milk exosomes including their oncogenic miRs. A restriction of total animal protein intake realized by a vegetable-based diet is recommended for the prevention of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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5
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Zhang S, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Lou Y, Qiu Y, Zhu F. The mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic novel nucleic acids for hepatocellular carcinoma emerging in past score years. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:1860-1883. [PMID: 32249290 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite The Central Dogma states the destiny of gene as 'DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein', the nucleic acids not only store and transmit genetic information but also, surprisingly, join in intracellular vital movement as a regulator of gene expression. Bioinformatics has contributed to knowledge for a series of emerging novel nucleic acids molecules. For typical cases, microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) exert crucial role in regulating vital biological processes, especially in malignant diseases. Due to extraordinarily heterogeneity among all malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged enormous limitation in diagnosis and therapy. Mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic nucleic acids for HCC emerging in past score years have been systematically reviewed. Particularly, we have organized recent advances on nucleic acids of HCC into three facets: (i) summarizing diverse nucleic acids and their modification (miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, circulating tumor DNA and DNA methylation) acting as potential biomarkers in HCC diagnosis; (ii) concluding different patterns of three key noncoding RNAs (miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA) in gene regulation and (iii) outlining the progress of these novel nucleic acids for HCC diagnosis and therapy in clinical trials, and discuss their possibility for clinical applications. All in all, this review takes a detailed look at the advances of novel nucleic acids from potential of biomarkers and elaboration of mechanism to early clinical application in past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Life Sciences in Nanchang University, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Qitao Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yan Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
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6
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Abstract
Abdominal tumors (AT) in children account for approximately 17% of all pediatric solid tumor cases, and frequently exhibit embryonal histological features that differentiate them from adult cancers. Current molecular approaches have greatly improved the understanding of the distinctive pathology of each tumor type and enabled the characterization of novel tumor biomarkers. As seen in abdominal adult tumors, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly implicated in either the initiation or progression of childhood cancer. Moreover, besides predicting patient prognosis, they represent valuable diagnostic tools that may also assist the surveillance of tumor behavior and treatment response, as well as the identification of the primary metastatic sites. Thus, the present study was undertaken to compile up-to-date information regarding the role of dysregulated miRNAs in the most common histological variants of AT, including neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, hepatocarcinoma, and adrenal tumors. Additionally, the clinical implications of dysregulated miRNAs as potential diagnostic tools or indicators of prognosis were evaluated.
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Liu Q, Shi H, Yang J, Jiang N. Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT1 Promoted Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Reduced Apoptosis Through the Regulation of Let-7b-IGF-1R Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10401-10413. [PMID: 31819522 PMCID: PMC6890520 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s217763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Long non-coding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) is abnormally expressed in various human malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Let-7b is a miRNA with the effect of a tumor suppressor gene, and its expression level in various tumor tissues is lower than that in normal tissues. Studies have found that IGF-1R can be abnormally activated in the process of hepatocyte deterioration, and the expression level of IGF-1R in HCC is significantly up-regulated. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional mechanism of NEAT1/let-7b-IGF-1R axis in HCC. Methods The expressions of NEAT1 and microRNA (miR)-let-7b in HCC tissues and cell lines were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The effect of NEAT1 on tumor growth was observed in a mice model of transplanted hepatoma. The effects of down-regulation or up-regulation of NEAT1 expression in HCC cell lines were analysed from the perspectives of cell viability and apoptosis. The binding sites of NEAT1 and miR-let-7b were predicted by biological software. The expression of the miR-let-7b target molecules IGF-1R was detected by Western blotting. Results The results showed that the expressions of NEAT1 were significantly increased, while the expressions of miR-let-7b were decreased in the HCC tissues and cell lines. Additionally, it was found that the expressions of NEAT1 and miR-let-7b showed a negative correlation in HCC tissues. The mouse model experiments confirmed that the interference with NEAT1 expression inhibited the tumor growth. Meanwhile, the cell viability of HepG2/Huh7 cell lines was significantly decreased via the downregulation of NEAT1, whereas the corresponding rates of apoptosis were significantly increased. It was further proven that there was a certain negative regulatory mechanism between NEAT1 and miR-1et-7b, which was related to the expression of IGF-1R. Conclusion The over-expression of NEAT1 could promote the proliferation of HCC cells by inhibiting the expression of the miR-let-7b regulated by IGF-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hexian Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Weihai Stomatological Hospital, Weihai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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8
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Yi PS, Li JS. High expression of miR-21 is not a predictor of poor prognosis in all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 8:733-739. [PMID: 29732156 PMCID: PMC5921297 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-21 has been identified as a novel biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the prognostic value of miR-21 expression in HCC remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate the value of high expression of miR-21 in predicting the prognosis of HCC. Following a search through the PubMed, Science Citation Index, EMBASE and CNKI databases, a total of 9 studies investigating the expression of miR-21 in HCC and the association between high expression of miR-21 and prognosis of HCC were identified. It was observed that high expression of miR-21 was not associated with poor overall survival of all patients with HCC (P=0.52). However, high expression of miR-21 was found to be correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients undergoing curative resection (hazard ratio = 2.36; P<0.01). It was also demonstrated that high expression of miR-21 was correlated with tumor size >5 cm [odds ratio (OR)=1.53; P=0.04], venous invasion (OR=4.86; P=0.01), TNM stage (OR=3.44; P<0.01) and liver cirrhosis (OR=2.12; P=0.03). It was concluded that miR-21 cannot be considered as a factor complementary to α-fetoprotein, microvascular invasion and advanced tumor stage in predicting the prognosis of all HCC patients. Higher expression of miR-21 may be a promising biomarker associated with certain clinicopathological characteristics of HCC, such as tumor size, venous invasion, TNM stage and liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sheng Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Institute of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Shui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Institute of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P.R. China
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9
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Yang C, Bao X, Wang R. Role of matrix Metalloproteinases in pituitary adenoma invasion. Chin Neurosurg J 2018; 4:2. [PMID: 32922863 PMCID: PMC7393832 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-017-0109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Though pituitary adenomas are benign tumors in most cases, a considerable fraction of PAs behave in a malignant-like manner and invade to the adjacent structures in sellar region, especially the cavernous sinuses. Cancer-cell invasion and metastasis remain a great challenge for physicians and surgeons in spite of emerging advances in drug therapy and surgical Treatment. matrix metalloproteinases, as a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, have long been known to be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis mainly via breaking down basement membrane in different tissues. Aberrant expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases have been detected in invasive pituitary adenomas as in malignancy and correlated to tumor invasion. Therefore, matrix metalloproteinases are considered as promising biomarkers for predicting tumor behavior and even drug targets for novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we give an overview of the expression, function, regulation and clinical prospects of matrix metalloproteinases, especially focusing on the biological network in which matrix metalloproteinases may be abnormally activated in promoting pituitary adenoma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Renzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
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Li Y, Ren M, Zhao Y, Lu X, Wang M, Hu J, Lu G, He S. MicroRNA-26a inhibits proliferation and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating DNMT3B-MEG3 axis. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3527-3535. [PMID: 28440439 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-26a is known to play an important oncosuppressive role in HCC. However, its regulatory role and relationship with other non-coding RNAs is less clear. In the present study, we report that the expression levels of miR-26a and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) were frequently downregulated in HCC tissues compared to matched non-malignant tissues. In addition, the expression levels of miR-26a and MEG3 were negatively correlated with the tumor sizes and TNM clinical stage in HCC patients. Overexpression of miR-26a significantly reduced the capacity of proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3B) was a direct target gene of miR-26a. Overexpression of miR-26a suppressed the expression level of DNMT3B. Inhibited expression of DNMT3B showed similar tumor suppressive effects induced by miR-26a upregulation, and resulted in the upregulation of MEG3. Furthermore, we found that the expression levels of DNMT3B were upregulated in the HCC tissues compared with non-malignant tissues, and it was inversely correlated with miR-26a and MEG3 in HCC tissues. Thus, these results provided a plausible link between the observed reduction of miR-26a and MEG3 in HCCs. Together, the present study added miR-26a/DNMT3B/MEG3 axis to the complex mechanisms of HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mudan Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xinlan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Junbi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guifang Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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11
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Ma YS, Wu TM, Lv ZW, Lu GX, Cong XL, Xie RT, Yang HQ, Chang ZY, Sun R, Chai L, Cai MX, Zhong XJ, Zhu J, Fu D. High expression of miR-105-1 positively correlates with clinical prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting oncogene NCOA1. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11896-11905. [PMID: 28060733 PMCID: PMC5355313 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports that microRNA (miRNA) plays a significant functional role in cancer progression by directly regulating respective targets. In this study, the expression levels of miR-105-1 and its target gene were analyzed using genes microarray and hierarchical clustering analysis followed by validation with quantitative RT-PCR in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal liver tissues. We examined the expression of nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (NCOA1), the potential target gene of miR-105-1, following the transfection of miR-105-1 mimics or inhibitors. Our results showed that miR-105-1 was downregulated in HCC tissues when compared with normal liver tissues and patients with lower miR-105-1 expression had shorter overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Moreover, NCOA1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-105-1. Furthermore, concomitant high expression of NCOA1 and low expression of miR-105-1 correlated with a shorter median OS and PFS in HCC patients. In conclusion, our results provide the first evidence that NCOA1 is a direct target of miR-105-1 suggesting that NCOA1 and miR-105-1 may have potential prognostic value and may be useful as tumor biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shui Ma
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- 2 Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ting-Miao Wu
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
- 3 Department of Radiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Medical University of Anhui, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Lv
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Gai-Xia Lu
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xian-Ling Cong
- 4 Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Ru-Ting Xie
- 5 Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui-Qiong Yang
- 5 Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Chang
- 5 Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ran Sun
- 4 Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Li Chai
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Cai
- 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhong
- 6 Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- 7 Department of Digestive Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Da Fu
- 8 Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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12
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Hartling HJ, Ballegaard VC, Nielsen NS, Gaardbo JC, Nielsen SD. Immune regulation in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:1387-97. [PMID: 27436030 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2016.1170875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The immunological result of infection with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) depends on the delicate balance between a vigorous immune response that may clear the infection, but with a risk of unspecific inflammation and, or a less inflammatory response that leads to chronic infection. In general, exhaustion and impairment of cytotoxic function of HCV-specific T cells and NK cells are found in patients with chronic HCV infection. In contrast, an increase in immune regulatory functions is found primarily in form of increased IL-10 production possibly due to increased level and function of anti-inflammatory Tregs. Thus, the major immune players during chronic HCV infection are characterized by a decrease of cytotoxic function and increase of inhibitory functions. This may be an approach to diminish intrahepatic and systemic inflammation. Finally, there has been increasing awareness of regulatory functions of epigenetic changes in chronic HCV infection. A vast amount of studies have revealed the complexity of immune regulation in chronic HCV infection, but the interplay between immune regulation in virus and host remains incompletely understood. This review provides an overview of regulatory functions of HCV-specific T cells, NK cells, Tregs, IL-10, and TGF-β, as well as epigenetic changes in the setting of chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Jakob Hartling
- a Viro-Immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Copenhagen , Rigshospitalet , Denmark
| | - Vibe Cecilie Ballegaard
- a Viro-Immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Copenhagen , Rigshospitalet , Denmark
| | - Nick Schou Nielsen
- a Viro-Immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Copenhagen , Rigshospitalet , Denmark
| | - Julie Christine Gaardbo
- a Viro-Immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Copenhagen , Rigshospitalet , Denmark
| | - Susanne Dam Nielsen
- a Viro-Immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases , University of Copenhagen , Rigshospitalet , Denmark
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13
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MiR-384 regulated IRS1 expression and suppressed cell proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14165-14171. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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14
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Mizuguchi Y, Takizawa T, Yoshida H, Uchida E. Dysregulated miRNA in progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review. Hepatol Res 2016; 46:391-406. [PMID: 26490438 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most frequent cancer and the third cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The primary risk factor for HCC is liver cirrhosis secondary to persistent infection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus. Although a number of cellular phenomena and molecular events have been reported to facilitate tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, the exact etiology of HCC has not yet been fully uncovered. miRNA, a class of non-coding RNA, negatively regulate post-transcriptional processes that participate in crucial biological processes, including development, differentiation, apoptosis and proliferation. In the liver, specific miRNA can be negative regulators of gene expression. Recent studies have uncovered the contribution of miRNA to cancer pathogenesis as they can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. In addition, other studies have demonstrated their potential value in the clinical management of patients with HCC as some miRNA may be used as prognostic or diagnostic markers. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the roles of miRNA in the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Uchida
- Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Mao B, Wang G. MicroRNAs involved with hepatocellular carcinoma (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2811-20. [PMID: 26398882 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies, which accounts for 90% of primary liver cancer. HCC usually presents with poor outcomes due to the high rates of tumor recurrence and widespread metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism of HCC initiation and progression, which significantly hindered the development of valid approaches for early detection and treatment remain to be elucidated. As a group of small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be involved in many types of diseases especially human malignancies. Numerous miRNAs are deregulated in HCC, which may shed some light on current investigations. Since miRNAs are stable and detected easily, their ectopic expression has been reported in HCC tissues, serum/plasma and cell lines. As previously described, miRNAs serve as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, indicating that miRNAs may be useful as diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic markers of HCC. In the present review, we assessed the latest data regarding dysregulated miRNAs in HCC and reviewed the reported functions of these miRNAs as they apply to the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijing Mao
- Cancer Center, Institute of Surgical Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Ge Wang
- Cancer Center, Institute of Surgical Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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