1
|
Tang YL, Tao Y, Zhu L, Shen JL, Cheng H. Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatocellular carcinoma: A double-edged sword. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110107. [PMID: 37028274 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the study of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has become a hot topic, especially its role in various tumors. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is ranked in the top five in China. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the predominant and typical form of primary liver cancer. Due to the close relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome and cancers, many studies have investigated its role in HCC. The results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome participates in both tumor growth inhibition and tumor growth promotion in HCC. Therefore, this review elaborates on the relationship between NLRP3 and HCC and explains its role in HCC. In addition, the potential of NLRP3 as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy is explored, summarizing and classifying impacts of and processes underlying different NLRP3 inflammasome-targeting drugs on HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Le Tang
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Yangzhou University Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Yangzhou University Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Yangzhou University Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Lin Shen
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Yangzhou University Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Yangzhou University Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu, Yangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dang Y, Ouyang X, Ren W, Wang L, Huang Q. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 Modulates the Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating AFAP1 via miR-205-5p. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5163-5175. [PMID: 34234560 PMCID: PMC8255651 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s307424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study investigated the expression and function of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) actin filament associated protein 1 antisense RNA1 (AFAP1-AS1) related to gastric cancer (GC), based on previous results from a microarray analysis. Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify the expression of AFAP1-AS1 in 97 fresh GC tissues and paired non-GC tissues, as well as in six different GC cell lines (BGC-823, SGC-7901, MGC-803, AGS, MKN-45, and MKN-28). The expression levels were subsequently correlated with the clinicopathological features of patients. siRNA against AFAP1-AS1 was transfected into GC cell lines, and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were detected before and after silencing of AFAP1-AS1 expression. Luciferase reporter gene analysis was used to confirm the target gene of microRNA-205-5p (miR-205-5p) in 293T cells. The potential mechanism was subsequently investigated. Results qPCR results showed that AFAP1-AS1 was significantly overexpressed in GC tumor tissues and also GC cell lines, comparing to their paired non-GC tissues. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that the overexpression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly correlated with tumor size (p=0.018) and grade of differentiation (p=0.042). Subsequently, artificially decreasing the expression of AFAP1-AS1 with its specific siRNA dramatically inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cell lines (SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells). Mechanical analysis suggested that AFAP1-AS1 is involved in regulation of its maternal gene, AFAP1, at both mRNA level and protein level. Luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that lncRNA AFAP1-AS1, as a ceRNA, is able to sponge miR-205-5p. Moreover, miR-205-5p has been well demonstrated to participate in the regulation of AFAP1 expression and the phenotypes of GC cells, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion AFAP1-AS1, as a novel biomarker of GC, promotes the proliferation migration and invasion of GC cells and function as ceRNA to target AFAP1 by sponging miR-205-5p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital)(Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Ouyang
- Department of Department of Pathology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital) (Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaojia Huang
- Laboratory of Basic Medicine, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team (Dongfang Hospital)(Former Fuzhou General Hospital), Xiamen University Medical College, Fuzhou, 350025, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gavgani RR, Babaei E, Hosseinpourfeizi MA, Fakhrjou A, Montazeri V. Study of long non-coding RNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) in breast cancer: A clinical & in vitro investigation. Indian J Med Res 2021; 152:244-253. [PMID: 33107484 PMCID: PMC7881808 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1823_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play critical roles in tumour initiation and progression. This study was aimed to evaluate the potential role of lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) in breast cancer. Methods: The expression of HULC was evaluated in breast cancer patients and cell lines using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Small interfering RNA-based knockdown was also employed to study the potential role of HULC in breast cancer cell lines including ZR-75-1, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. Results: HULC was significantly upregulated in tumour tissues compared to non-tumoural margins (P<0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated the biomarker potential of HULC (ROCAUC=0.78, P<0.001). The HULC knockdown induced apoptosis and suppressed cellular migration in breast cancer cell lines. Interpretation & conclusions: Our results indicated that HULC was upregulated in breast cancer and might play a role in tumourigenesis. The HULC may have a potential to be exploited as a new biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Esmaeil Babaei
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ashraf Fakhrjou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Noor-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen W, Wei T, Chen Y, Yang L, Wu X. Downregulation of IRAK1 Prevents the Malignant Behavior of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Blocking Activation of the MAPKs/NLRP3/IL-1β Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12787-12796. [PMID: 33363384 PMCID: PMC7751837 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s260793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) was shown to contribute to a variety of cancer-related processes. However, the function of IRAK1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis has not been investigated in detail. METHODS IRAK1 expression in HCC was examined by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and Western blot assays. In addition, Huh7 and Hep3B cells were transfected with IRAK1 siRNAs and/or a NOD-like receptor family pyrindomain containing 3 (NLRP3) plasmid. Western blot, EdU staining, and Transwell assays were performed to determine changes of apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells. Moreover, changes in the expression of proteins involved in the MAPKs/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway were confirmed by Western blotting. RESULTS IRAK1 was found to be highly upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Knockdown of IRAK1 signaling prevented the proliferation, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells. Mechanistically, we found that activation of the MAPKs/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway could be markedly suppressed by IRAK1 knockdown in HCC cells. Furthermore, our data showed that NLRP3 could partially reverse the reduced aggressive biological behaviors of HCC cells which were caused by RAK1 knockdown. CONCLUSION Knockdown of IRAK1 prevented HCC progression by inhibiting the ability of NLRP3 to block the MAPKs/IL-1β pathway, suggesting that approach as a strategy for treating HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wei
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Laser Beauty, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Oncology, People’s Hospital of Huadu District, Guangzhou510800, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song W, Zhang J, Zhang J, Sun M, Xia Q. Overexpression of lncRNA PIK3CD-AS1 promotes expression of LATS1 by competitive binding with microRNA-566 to inhibit the growth, invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:150. [PMID: 31624469 PMCID: PMC6784333 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study is conducted to investigate the effect of lncRNA PIK3CD-AS1 on the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its potential mechanism. Methods Hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues together with HCC cells and normal liver cells were obtained for detecting expression of PIK3CD-AS1, microRNA-566 (miR-566) and LATS1. Additionally, a series of experiments were performed to determine cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of HCC cells. The xenograft tumor model of HCC was established and the growth rate and weight of xenograft tumor in nude mice were compared. Furthermore, the binding site between PIK3CD-AS1 and miR-566 as well as between miR-566 and LATS1 were verified. Results LncRNA PIK3CD-AS1 was downregulated in HCC tissues and cells, and mainly located in cytoplasm. Overexpression of PIK3CD-AS1 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, invasion, migration, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell cycle progression and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells. Overexpression of PIK3CD-AS1 decreased the growth rate and weight of xenograft tumor in nude mice PIK3CD-AS1 competitively combined with miR-566 to regulate expression of LAST1. Conclusion Collectively, our study suggests that the expression of PIK3CD-AS1 was down-regulated in HCC, and overexpression of PIK3CD-AS1 promoted the expression of LATS1 by competitive binding of miR-566 to inhibit the growth, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- 1Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- 2Department of Cardiovascularology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- 1Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Sun
- 1Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxin Xia
- 1Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peng L, Jiang B, Yuan X, Qiu Y, Peng J, Huang Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Li J, Yao W, Deng W, Zhang Y, Meng M, Pan X, Li C, Yin D, Bi X, Li G, Lin DC. Super-Enhancer-Associated Long Noncoding RNA HCCL5 Is Activated by ZEB1 and Promotes the Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2018; 79:572-584. [PMID: 30482773 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most dominant causes of neoplasm-related deaths worldwide. In this study, we identify and characterize HCCL5, a novel cytoplasmic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), as a crucial oncogene in HCC. HCCL5 promoted cell growth, G1-S transition, invasion, and metastasis while inhibiting apoptosis of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, HCCL5 was upregulated in TGF-β1-induced classical epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) models, and this lncRNA in turn accelerated the EMT phenotype by upregulating the expression of transcription factors Snail, Slug, ZEB1, and Twist1. HCCL5 was transcriptionally driven by ZEB1 via a super-enhancer and was significantly and frequently overexpressed in human HCC tissues, correlating with worse overall survival of patients with HCC. Together, this study characterizes HCCL5 as a super-enhancer-driven lncRNA promoting HCC cell viability, migration, and EMT. Our data also suggest that HCCL5 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify the lncRNA HCCL5 as a super-enhancer-driven oncogenic factor that promotes the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binyuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuntan Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangyun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicheng Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixi Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meng Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Oncology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunquan Li
- School of Medical Informatics, Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Bi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guancheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui H, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Chen W, Zhao H, Liang J. A comprehensive genome-wide analysis of long noncoding RNA expression profile in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2017; 6:2932-2941. [PMID: 29047230 PMCID: PMC5727245 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, especially in East Asia and China. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators that may be involved in the development and progression of cancers in humans. However, the contributions of lncRNAs to HCC development, metastasis, and recurrence remain largely unknown. In this study, we comprehensively investigated lncRNA expression profile in HCC and normal tissues using TCGA RNA sequencing data, one RNA sequencing dataset, and two microarray datasets from GEO. By analyzing these four datasets, we identified hundreds of expression-dysregulated lncRNAs in HCC tissues compared with normal tissues. Genomic copy number variation analysis showed that many of those lncRNAs disorder are related to the copy number amplification or deletion. Moreover, several lncRNAs expression levels are associated with HCC patients' overall and recurrence-free survival, such as RP1-228H13.5, TMCC1-AS1, LINC00205, and RP11-307C12.11. Furthermore, we identified two lncRNAs termed PVT1 and SNHG7 that may be involved in HCC cells metastasis by comparing lncRNAs expression profiles between early recurrence HCC tissues with metastasis and late recurrence HCC tissues without metastasis. Finally, loss-of-function assays confirmed that knockdown of SNHG7 and PVT1 impaired HCC cells invasion. Taken together, these findings may provide a valuable resource for further identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Computational Biology
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- Databases, Genetic
- Disease Progression
- Disease-Free Survival
- Gene Amplification
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Dosage
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transcriptome
- Transfection
- Treatment Outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Cui
- Department of MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Department of OncologyJining First People's HospitalJiningChina
| | - Yunxing Zhang
- Department of Emergency trauma surgeryJining First People's HospitalJiningChina
| | - Qiujie Zhang
- Department of OncologyJining First People's HospitalJiningChina
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of OncologyJining First People's HospitalJiningChina
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Department of OncologyJining First People's HospitalJiningChina
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
- Department of OncologyThe Peking University International Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
TINCR expression is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170301. [PMID: 28546230 PMCID: PMC5529205 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence are accumulating that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been identified to participate in various cellular processes. Terminal differentiation induced ncRNA (TINCR) is a newly identified lncRNA with its functional roles not fully elucidated in human malignancy. The current study aims to identify the clinical significance of TINCR in prognosis and malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TINCR expression in HCC specimens at various stages of tumorigenesis were measured by quantitative real-time RT PCR (qRT-PCR). The matched para-carcinoma tissues were used as controls. The associations of TINCR with clinicopathological characteristics, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients were further evaluated. Results revealed that high TINCR expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P=0.005), tumor differentiation status (P=0.017), TNM stage (P=0.010), and vascular invasion (P=0.004). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that TINCR was correlated to both DFS and OS in HCC cohorts. Patients with high TINCR expression tended to have worse prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that TINCR was an independent poor prognostic indicator for DFS (HR =1.32, 95% CI: 1.00-1.57, P=0.000) and OS (HR =1.57, 95% CI: 1.30-1.86, P=0.004) in HCC. TINCR was demonstrated as a direct target of miR-137 and miR-133a, and was suppressed by miR-137/miR-133a These results provide the first evidence that the expression of TINCR in HCC may play an oncogenic role in HCC differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. miR-137/miR-133a-TINCR pathway may serve as a promising target for tumor recurrence and prognosis of patients with HCC.
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng Q, Chen S, Fu C, Jiang J, Zou M, Tan Y, Wang X, Xia F, Feng K, Ma K, Bie P. Long noncoding RNA expression profiles in sub-lethal heat-treated hepatoma carcinoma cells. World J Surg Oncol 2017; 15:136. [PMID: 28732507 PMCID: PMC5521104 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sub-lethal heat treatment characterizes a transition zone of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) which explains hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) residual cancer occurrence in this area after RFA treatment. The biochemistry of residual cancer cell recurrence is poorly understood, but long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may have aberrant expression that is associated with diverse cancers. Thus, we measured lncRNA gene expression in sub-lethally heat-treated HCC cells using microarray. Method Differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA were measured with an Agilent Human lncRNA + mRNA Array V4.0 (4 × 180 K format) containing 41,000 lncRNAs and 34,000 mRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis was used to assess differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA. Seven lncRNA and seven mRNA were validated by qRT-PCR analysis in HCC cells. Results Genome-wide lncRNA and mRNA expression data in sub-lethal heat-treated SMMC-7721 HCC cells 558 lncRNA and 250 mRNA were significantly up-regulated and 224 lncRNA and 1031 mRNA down-regulated compared to normal cultured SMMC-7721 cells. We demonstrated for the first time that ENST00000570843.1, ENST00000567668.1, ENST00000582249.1, ENST00000450304.1, TCONS_00015544, ENST00000602478.1, TCONS_00001266 and ARC, IL12RB1, HSPA6 were upregulated, whereas STAT3, PRPSAP1, MCU, URB2 were down-regulated in sub-lethally heat-treated HCC cells. Conclusions lncRNA expression data in sub-lethally heat-treated HCC cells will provide important insights about lncRNAs’ contribution to HCC recurrence after RFA treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12957-017-1194-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Deng
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shihan Chen
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chunchuan Fu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiayun Jiang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mengda Zou
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yunhua Tan
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kai Feng
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Kuansheng Ma
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Ping Bie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu H, Chen X, Hu Y, Shi Z, Zhou Q, Zheng J, Wang Y. Long non-coding RNA expression profile in cervical cancer tissues. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1379-1386. [PMID: 28789353 PMCID: PMC5529948 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC), one of the most common types of cancer of the female population, presents an enormous challenge in diagnosis and treatment. Long non-coding (lnc)RNAs, non-coding (nc)RNAs with length >200 nucleotides, have been identified to be associated with multiple types of cancer, including CC. This class of nc transcripts serves an important role in tumor suppression and oncogenic signaling pathways. In the present study, the microarray method was used to obtain the expression profile of lncRNAs and protein-coding mRNAs and to compare the expression of lncRNAs between CC tissues and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues in order to screen potential lncRNAs for associations with CC. Overall, 3356 lncRNAs with significantly different expression pattern in CC tissues compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues were identified, while 1,857 of them were upregulated. These differentially expressed lncRNAs were additionally classified into 5 subgroups. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reactions were performed to validate the expression pattern of 5 random selected lncRNAs, and 2lncRNAs were identified to have significantly different expression in CC samples compared with adjacent non-cancerous tissues. This finding suggests that those lncRNAs with different expression may serve important roles in the development of CC, and the expression data may provide information for additional study on the involvement of lncRNAs in CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- Department of Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengzheng Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jingjie Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sheng SR, Wu JS, Tang YL, Liang XH. Long noncoding RNAs: emerging regulators of tumor angiogenesis. Future Oncol 2017; 13:1551-1562. [PMID: 28513194 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in multiple biological processes especially human diseases, of which, tumor seems to be one of the most significant. Angiogenesis has been deemed to have a pivotal role in a series of tumor biological behaviors in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis. Emerging evidences suggested that lncRNAs are involved in tumor angiogenesis and lncRNAs have already been verified to be potential biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets. This review summarized emerging angiogenesis-related lncRNAs, discussed their mechanisms interacting with cytokines, cancer stem cells, miRNAs and tumor hypoxia microenvironment, and demonstrated if lncRNAs could be new candidate targets of antiangiogenesis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Rui Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jia-Shun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.,Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.,Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), No. 14, Sec. 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang B, Jiang H, Wang L, Chen X, Wu K, Zhang S, Ma S, Xia B. Increased MIR31HG lncRNA expression increases gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines through the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3494-3500. [PMID: 28529576 PMCID: PMC5431660 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and demonstrate whether long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression signatures differ between gefitinib-sensitive PC9 and gefitinib-resistant PC9 (PC9-R) cell lines. PC9 and PC9-R cells were treated with gefitinib and, after 48 h, proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry. Microarray expression profiling of lncRNAs was undertaken in both PC9 and PC9-R cells, and the expression profiles were verified by reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction. The EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis protein expression levels were assessed by western blot analysis. The PC9 cell line treated with gefitinib had a more significant effect on cell viability and apoptosis than the PC9-R cell line (P<0.05). Expression of various lncRNAs differed significantly between the two cell lines, and MIR31HG expression in particular was significantly higher in PC9-R cells. As expected, MIR31HG lncRNA knockdown sensitized PC9-R cells to gefitinib, and further experiments revealed that turning off the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activated expression of p53 in PC9-R cells transfected with si-MIR31HG. Furthermore, PC9-R cells transfected with si-MIR31HG induced cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. The results of the current study suggest that MIR31HG lncRNA levels in PC9-R cells are higher than in PC9 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of MIR31HG lncRNAs may contribute to gefitinib resistance in PC9-R cells through the EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway, which impacts on cell proliferation, apoptosis and the cell cycle. MIR31HG lncRNA may therefore be a novel candidate biomarker for future therapeutic strategies involving EGFR-TKIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Limin Wang
- Department of Respiration, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Kan Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Shenglin Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wahid B, Ali A, Rafique S, Idrees M. New Insights into the Epigenetics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1609575. [PMID: 28401148 PMCID: PMC5376429 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1609575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most predominant malignancies with high fatality rate. This deadly cancer is rising at an alarming rate because it is quite resistant to radio- and chemotherapy. Different epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and expression of noncoding RNAs drive the cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, initiation, progression, and development of HCC. These epigenetic alterations because of potential reversibility open way towards the development of biomarkers and therapeutics. The contribution of these epigenetic changes to HCC development has not been thoroughly explored yet. Further research on HCC epigenetics is necessary to better understand novel molecular-targeted HCC treatment and prevention. This review highlights latest research progress and current updates regarding epigenetics of HCC, biomarker discovery, and future preventive and therapeutic strategies to combat the increasing risk of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao Y, Wang G, Zhang C, Lin M, Liu X, Zeng Y, Liu J. Long non-coding RNA linc-cdh4-2 inhibits the migration and invasion of HCC cells by targeting R-cadherin pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 480:348-354. [PMID: 27765630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have played very important roles in the malignancy behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Linc-cdh4-2 (TCONS_00027978) is a novel LncRNA that has been identified in HCC tissues from our previous study. Overexpression of linc-cdh4-2 in HCC cell lines (SK-Hep-1 and Huh7) significantly decreases the migration and invasion abilities of these cells, while knockdown the expression of linc-cdh4-2 significantly increases the migration and invasion abilities. Interestingly, neither the over expression nor the knock down of linc-cdh4-2 could affect the viability and proliferation of HCC cells. Mechanistically, the linc-cdh4-2 could up-regulate the protein level of R-cadherin through direct binding that might improve the protein stability. Over expression of linc-cdh4-2 could significantly increase the protein levels of R-cadherin and decrease the protein levels of small GTPase RAC1, and vice-versa. Further knockdown R-cadherin in linc-cdh4-2 stably overexpressed cells, could significantly upregulate the protein levels of RAC1 and improve the cell migration and invasion abilities. Taken together, the novel linc-cdh4-2 may negatively regulate the motility of the HCC cells through targeting R-cadherin-RAC1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhen Gao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Gaoxiong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, PR China
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Minjie Lin
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China.
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China; Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, PR China; The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li G, Liu Y, Liu C, Su Z, Ren S, Wang Y, Deng T, Huang D, Tian Y, Qiu Y. Genome-wide analyses of long noncoding RNA expression profiles correlated with radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via next-generation deep sequencing. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:719. [PMID: 27599611 PMCID: PMC5012053 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radioresistance is one of the major factors limiting the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Accumulating evidence has suggested that aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contributes to cancer progression. Therefore, here we identified lncRNAs associated with radioresistance in NPC. METHODS The differential expression profiles of lncRNAs associated with NPC radioresistance were constructed by next-generation deep sequencing by comparing radioresistant NPC cells with their parental cells. LncRNA-related mRNAs were predicted and analyzed using bioinformatics algorithms compared with the mRNA profiles related to radioresistance obtained in our previous study. Several lncRNAs and associated mRNAs were validated in established NPC radioresistant cell models and NPC tissues. RESULTS By comparison between radioresistant CNE-2-Rs and parental CNE-2 cells by next-generation deep sequencing, a total of 781 known lncRNAs and 2054 novel lncRNAs were annotated. The top five upregulated and downregulated known/novel lncRNAs were detected using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and 7/10 known lncRNAs and 3/10 novel lncRNAs were demonstrated to have significant differential expression trends that were the same as those predicted by deep sequencing. From the prediction process, 13 pairs of lncRNAs and their associated genes were acquired, and the prediction trends of three pairs were validated in both radioresistant CNE-2-Rs and 6-10B-Rs cell lines, including lncRNA n373932 and SLITRK5, n409627 and PRSS12, and n386034 and RIMKLB. LncRNA n373932 and its related SLITRK5 showed dramatic expression changes in post-irradiation radioresistant cells and a negative expression correlation in NPC tissues (R = -0.595, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides an overview of the expression profiles of radioresistant lncRNAs and potentially related mRNAs, which will facilitate future investigations into the function of lncRNAs in NPC radioresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongwu Su
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shuling Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tengbo Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yongquan Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanzheng Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kong FY, Wei X, Zhou K, Hu W, Kou YB, You HJ, Liu XM, Zheng KY, Tang RX. Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Distinct Molecular Characteristics of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Very Early to Advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stages. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158286. [PMID: 27454179 PMCID: PMC4959694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy associated with high mortality. One of the risk factors for HCC is chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The treatment strategy for the disease is dependent on the stage of HCC, and the Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging system is used in most HCC cases. However, the molecular characteristics of HBV-related HCC in different BCLC stages are still unknown. Using GSE14520 microarray data from HBV-related HCC cases with BCLC stages from 0 (very early stage) to C (advanced stage) in the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including common DEGs and unique DEGs in different BCLC stages, were identified. These DEGs were located on different chromosomes. The molecular functions and biology pathways of DEGs were identified by gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and the interactome networks of DEGs were constructed using the NetVenn online tool. The results revealed that both common DEGs and stage-specific DEGs were associated with various molecular functions and were involved in special biological pathways. In addition, several hub genes were found in the interactome networks of DEGs. The identified DEGs and hub genes promote our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HBV-related HCC through the different BCLC stages, and might be used as staging biomarkers or molecular targets for the treatment of HCC with HBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Yun Kong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yan-Bo Kou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Hong-Juan You
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Kui-Yang Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- * E-mail: (R-XT); (K-YZ)
| | - Ren-Xian Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
- * E-mail: (R-XT); (K-YZ)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huan H, Wen X, Chen X, Wu L, Liu W, Habib NA, Bie P, Xia F. C/EBPα Short-Activating RNA Suppresses Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Inhibiting EGFR/β-Catenin Signaling Mediated EMT. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153117. [PMID: 27050434 PMCID: PMC4822802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with high mortality, and tumor metastasis is an important reason for poor prognosis. However, metastasis has not been effectively prevented in clinical therapy and the mechanisms underlying metastasis have not been fully characterized. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα) is a transcriptional regulator with an essential role in tumor metastasis. We used short-activating RNAs (saRNA) to enhance expression of C/EBPα. Intravenous injection of C/EBPα-saRNA in a nude mouse liver orthotopic xenograft tumor model inhibited intrahepatic and distant metastasis. C/EBPα-saRNA-treated mice showed increased serum levels of albumin and decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (AST), indicating a role of C/EBPα in improving liver function. Migration and invasion were inhibited in hepatoma cell lines transfected with C/EBPα-saRNA. We also observed an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), EGFR phosphorylation, and β-catenin in C/EBPa-saRNA-transfected cells. Our results suggested that C/EBPα-saRNA successfully inhibited HCC metastasis by inhibiting EGFR/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated EMT in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Huan
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xudong Wen
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejiao Chen
- Laboratory of Biotherapy of Cancer, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihui Liu
- General Surgery Center, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Nagy A. Habib
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Bie
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang J, Fan D, Jian Z, Chen GG, Lai PBS. Cancer Specific Long Noncoding RNAs Show Differential Expression Patterns and Competing Endogenous RNA Potential in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141042. [PMID: 26492393 PMCID: PMC4619599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression by acting with microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the roles of cancer specific lncRNA and its related competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network in hepatocellular cell carcinoma (HCC) are not fully understood. The lncRNA profiles in 372 HCC patients, including 372 tumor and 48 adjacent non-tumor liver tissues, from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and NCBI GEO omnibus (GSE65485) were analyzed. Cancer specific lncRNAs (or HCC related lncRNAs) were identified and correlated with clinical features. Based on bioinformatics generated from miRcode, starBase, and miRTarBase, we constructed an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network (ceRNA network) in HCC. We found 177 cancer specific lncRNAs in HCC (fold change ≥ 1.5, P < 0.01), 41 of them were also discriminatively expressed with gender, race, tumor grade, AJCC tumor stage, and AJCC TNM staging system. Six lncRNAs (CECR7, LINC00346, MAPKAPK5-AS1, LOC338651, FLJ90757, and LOC283663) were found to be significantly associated with overall survival (OS, log-rank P < 0.05). Collectively, our results showed the lncRNA expression patterns and a complex ceRNA network in HCC, and identified a complex cancer specific ceRNA network, which includes 14 lncRNAs and 17 miRNAs in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Gastric Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dahua Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - George G. Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul B. S. Lai
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gong Z, Yang Q, Zeng Z, Zhang W, Li X, Zu X, Deng H, Chen P, Liao Q, Xiang B, Zhou M, Li X, Li Y, Xiong W, Li G. An integrative transcriptomic analysis reveals p53 regulated miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA networks in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3683-95. [PMID: 26462838 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that p53 dysfunction is closely related to the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, an increasing body of evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in p53-associated signaling pathways and, in addition to mRNAs, form a complex regulation network to promote tumor occurrence and progression. The aim of this study was to elucidate the p53-regulated miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs and their regulating networks in NPC. Firstly, we overexpressed p53 in the NPC cell line HNE2 and performed transcriptomic gene expression profiling (GEP) analysis, which included miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs, using microarray technology at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after transfection. There were 38 miRNAs (33 upregulated and 5 downregulated), 2107 mRNAs (296 upregulated and 1811 downregulated), and 1190 lncRNAs (133 upregulated and 1057 downregulated) that were significantly dysregulated by p53. Some of the dysregulated molecules were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then, we integrated previously published miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs GEP datasets from NPC biopsies to investigate the expression of these p53 regulated molecules and found that 7 miRNAs, 218 mRNAs, and 101 lncRNAs regulated by p53 were also differentially expressed in NPC tissues. Finally, p53-regulated miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA networks were constructed using bioinformatics methods. These miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs may participate in p53 downstream signaling pathways and play important roles in the carcinogenesis of NPC. Thorough investigations of their biological functions and regulating relationships will provide a novel view of the p53 signaling pathway, and the restoration of p53 functioning or its downstream gene regulating network is potentially of great value in treating NPC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Gong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Nursing, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Clinical Research Institution, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|