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Zhang Y, Wei S, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Sun C. Paris saponin VII inhibits triple-negative breast cancer by targeting the MEK/ERK/STMN1 signaling axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155746. [PMID: 38763012 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a category of breast cancer characterized with high molecular heterogeneity. Owing to the lack of effective therapeutic strategies, patients with TNBC have a poor prognosis. Paris saponin VII (PSⅦ), a steroidal saponin extracted from the rhizome of Trichillium tschonoskii Maxim, exhibits excellent anti-cancer activity in a variety of solid tumors. However, the role and potential mechanism of PSⅦ against TNBC remain unexplored. PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic effects of PSⅦ against TNBC and explore the potential mechanism of action. METHODS We combined the analysis of public single-cell sequencing data with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identity differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that distinguished malignant and normal epithelial cells in TNBC. Subsequently, the biological features of DEGs in TNBC were evaluated. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to define potential pathways associated with the DEGs. The pharmacological activity of PSⅦ for TNBC was evidenced via in vitro and in vivo experiments, and molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay and western blotting were employed to confirm the relative mechanisms. RESULTS Single-cell sequencing and WGCNA revealed STMN1 as a pivotal biomarker of TNBC. STMN1 overexpression in TNBC was associated with poor patient prognosis. GSEA revealed a significant accumulation of STMN1 within the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, In vitro experiments showed that PSⅦ showed significantly suppressive actions on the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities for TNBC cells, while inducing apoptosis. Molecular docking, MD analysis and SPR assay indicated a robust interaction between PSⅦ and the MEK protein. Western blotting revealed that PSⅦ may inhibit tumor progression by suppressing the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and the downstream phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STMN1. Intraperitoneal injection of PSⅦ (10 mg/kg) notably reduced tumor growth by 71.26 % in a 4T1 xenograft model. CONCLUSION In our study, the systems biology method was used to identify potential therapeutic targets for TNBC. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated PSⅦ suppresses cancer progression by targeting the MEK/ERK/STMN1 signaling axis. For the first time, the inhibition of STMN1 phosphorylation has been indicated as a possible mechanism for the anticancer effects of PSⅦ. These results emphasize the potential value of PSⅦ as a promising anti-cancer drug candidate for further development in the field of TNBC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shijie Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Hiser hospital of Qingdao University (Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qinxiang Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 7166, Baotong West Street, Weicheng District, Weifang, Shandong Province 261000, China.
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Balaji S, Rao A, Saraswathi KK, Sethu Nagarajan R, Santhi R, Kim U, Muthukkaruppan V, Vanniarajan A. Focused cancer pathway analysis revealed unique therapeutic targets in retinoblastoma. Med Oncol 2024; 41:168. [PMID: 38834895 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is a pediatric cancer of the eye that occurs in 1/15000 live births worldwide. Albeit RB is initiated by the inactivation of RB1 gene, the disease progression relies largely on transcriptional alterations. Therefore, evaluating gene expression is vital to unveil the therapeutic targets in RB management. In this study, we employed an RT2 Profiler™ PCR array for a focused analysis of 84 cancer-specific genes in RB. An interaction network was built with gene expression data to identify the dysregulated pathways in RB. The key transcript alterations identified in 13 tumors by RT2 Profiler™ PCR array was further validated in 15 tumors by independent RT-qPCR. Out of 84 cancer-specific genes, 68 were dysregulated in RB tumors. Among the 68 genes, 23 were chosen for further analysis based on statistical significance and abundance across multiple tumors. Pathway analysis of altered genes showed the frequent perturbations of cell cycle, angiogenesis and apoptotic pathways in RB. Notably, upregulation of MCM2, MKI67, PGF, WEE1, CDC20 and downregulation of COX5A were found in all the tumors. Western blot confirmed the dysregulation of identified targets at protein levels as well. These alterations were more prominent in invasive RB, correlating with the disease pathogenesis. Our molecular analysis thus identified the potential therapeutic targets for improving retinoblastoma treatment. We also suggest that PCR array can be used as a tool for rapid and cost-effective gene expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekaran Balaji
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Anindita Rao
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Karuvel Kannan Saraswathi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
- Department of Molecular Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation - Affiliated to Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Rathinavel Sethu Nagarajan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
- Department of Molecular Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation - Affiliated to Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Santhi
- Department of Pathology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Usha Kim
- Department of Orbit, Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Veerappan Muthukkaruppan
- Department of Immunology and Stem Cell Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India
| | - Ayyasamy Vanniarajan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 020, India.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation - Affiliated to Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India.
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Akhtar J, Imran M, Wang G. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated CtBP1 Gene Editing Enhances Chemosensitivity and Inhibits Metastatic Potential in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14030. [PMID: 37762332 PMCID: PMC10530806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovative therapeutic strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are urgently required due to the limited effectiveness of standard chemotherapies. C-Terminal Binding Protein 1 (CtBP1) has been implicated in various cancers, including ESCC. However, the precise expression patterns and functional roles of CtBP1 in ESCC remain inadequately characterized. In this study, we aimed to investigate CtBP1 expression and its role in the resistance of ESCC to paclitaxel, an effective chemotherapeutic agent. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were applied to assess CtBP1 expression in the TE-1 and KYSE-50 cell lines. We observed the marked expression of CtBP1, which was associated with enhanced proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in these cell lines. Further, we successfully generated paclitaxel resistant ESCC cell lines and conducted cell viability assays. We employed the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system to disable the CtBP1 gene in ESCC cell lines. Through the analysis of the drug dose-response curve, we assessed the sensitivity of these cell lines in different treatment groups. Remarkably, CtBP1-disabled cell lines displayed not only improved sensitivity but also a remarkable inhibition of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This demonstrates that CtBP1 may promote ESCC cell malignancy and confer paclitaxel resistance. In summary, our study opens a promising avenue for targeted therapies, revealing the potential of CtBP1 inhibition to enhance the effectiveness of paclitaxel treatment for the personalized management of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Akhtar
- Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Computer Science & IT, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
- Biomedical Science and Engineering, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
- Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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4
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Němejcová K, Šafanda A, Bártů MK, Michálková R, Drozenová J, Fabian P, Hausnerová J, Laco J, Matěj R, Méhes G, Škapa P, Stružinská I, Dundr P. A comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis of 26 markers in 250 cases of serous ovarian tumors. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:32. [PMID: 36855066 PMCID: PMC9972686 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined a large cohort of serous tubo-ovarian tumors with 26 immunohistochemical markers, with the aim to assess their value for differential diagnosis and prognosis. METHODS Immunohistochemical analyses with 26 immunomarkers were performed on 250 primary tubo-ovarian tumors including 114 high grade serous carcinomas (HGSC), 97 low grade serous carcinomas (LGSC), and 39 serous borderline tumors (micropapillary variant, mSBT). The associations of overall positivity with clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated using the chi-squared test or Fisher's Exact test. RESULTS We found significantly different expression of p53, p16, ER, PR, PTEN, PAX2, Mammaglobin, RB1, Cyclin E1, stathmin, LMP2, L1CAM, CD44, and Ki67 in HGSCs compared to LGSCs. No significant differences were found between LGSC and mSBT. None of the other included markers (PAX8, ARID1A, HNF1B, Napsin A, CDX2, SATB2, MUC4, BRG1, AMACR, TTF1, BCOR, NTRK) showed any differences between the investigated serous tumors. Regarding the prognosis, only PR and stathmin showed a statistically significant prognostic meaning in LGSCs, with better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in cases positive for PR, and worse outcome (RFS) for stathmin. None of the study markers showed prognostic significance in HGSCs. CONCLUSION We provided an extensive immunohistochemical analysis of serous ovarian/tubo-ovarian tumors. Although we found some differences in the expression of some markers in HGSCs compared to LGSCs, only p53, p16, and Ki67 seem to be useful in real diagnostic practice. We also suggested the best discriminative cut-off for Ki67 (10% of positive tumor cells) for distinguishing HGSC from LGSC. We found prognostic significance of PR and stathmin in LGSCs. Moreover, the high expression of stathmin could also be of predictive value in ovarian carcinomas as target-specific anti-stathmin effectors are potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Němejcová
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Adam Šafanda
- grid.411798.20000 0000 9100 9940Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kendall Bártů
- grid.411798.20000 0000 9100 9940Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Romana Michálková
- grid.411798.20000 0000 9100 9940Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Drozenová
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Pathology, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 10034 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Fabian
- grid.419466.8Department of Oncological Pathology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Hausnerová
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno and Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XThe Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Radoslav Matěj
- grid.411798.20000 0000 9100 9940Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Pathology, Charles University, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 10034 Prague, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gábor Méhes
- grid.7122.60000 0001 1088 8582Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Petr Škapa
- grid.412826.b0000 0004 0611 0905Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Stružinská
- grid.411798.20000 0000 9100 9940Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dundr
- grid.411798.20000 0000 9100 9940Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
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Zhang ED, Li C, Fang Y, Li N, Xiao Z, Chen C, Wei B, Wang H, Xie J, Miao Y, Zeng Z, Huang H. STMN1 as a novel prognostic biomarker in HCC correlating with immune infiltrates and methylation. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:301. [PMID: 36127700 PMCID: PMC9487063 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Upregulation of Stathmin 1 (STMN1), a cytoplasmic phosphoprotein that controls the dynamics of cellular microtubules, is linked to malignant behavior and poor prognosis in a range of malignancies. However, little research has been done on STMN1’s potential role in HCC as a single factor in DNA methylation, m6A, or immunological modulation. Results STMN1 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma, where it is related to clinicopathological parameters and affects the prognosis of HCC patients. STMN1 overexpression plays an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Meanwhile, methylation of 7 CpG sites of STMN1 in HCC was correlated with prognosis, and STMN1 expression was closely related to m6A modification. In addition, STMN1 expression is associated with immune cell infiltration, immune molecules, and immune checkpoints in HCC. Conclusion STMN1 has a significant role in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and prediction. STMN1 is implicated not just in the onset and course but also in the immunological modulation of the disease. DNA methylation and m6A are both linked to STMN1. Therefore, STMN1 could be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC, as well as a target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-di Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Chenxuan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Na Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Zhongyun Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Chuhong Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Benkai Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Hangping Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jincheng Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yinglei Miao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Zhong Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Hanfei Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China.
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Sgubin M, Pegoraro S, Pellarin I, Ros G, Sgarra R, Piazza S, Baldassarre G, Belletti B, Manfioletti G. HMGA1 positively regulates the microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin promoting motility in TNBC cells and decreasing tumour sensitivity to paclitaxel. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:429. [PMID: 35504904 PMCID: PMC9065117 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) is an architectural chromatin factor involved in the regulation of gene expression and a master regulator in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). In TNBC, HMGA1 is overexpressed and coordinates a gene network that controls cellular processes involved in tumour development, progression, and metastasis formation. Here, we find that the expression of HMGA1 and of the microtubule-destabilizing protein stathmin correlates in breast cancer (BC) patients. We demonstrate that HMGA1 depletion leads to a downregulation of stathmin expression and activity on microtubules resulting in decreased TNBC cell motility. We show that this pathway is mediated by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27kip1 (p27). Indeed, the silencing of HMGA1 expression in TNBC cells results both in an increased p27 protein stability and p27-stathmin binding. When the expression of both HMGA1 and p27 is silenced, we observe a significant rescue in cell motility. These data, obtained in cellular models, were validated in BC patients. In fact, we find that patients with high levels of both HMGA1 and stathmin and low levels of p27 have a statistically significant lower survival probability in terms of relapse-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) with respect to the patient group with low HMGA1, low stathmin, and high p27 expression levels. Finally, we show in an in vivo xenograft model that depletion of HMGA1 chemo-sensitizes tumour cells to paclitaxel, a drug that is commonly used in TNBC treatments. This study unveils a new interaction among HMGA1, p27, and stathmin that is critical in BC cell migration. Moreover, our data suggest that taxol-based treatments may be more effective in reducing the tumour burden when tumour cells express low levels of HMGA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Sgubin
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy ,grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Silvia Pegoraro
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pellarin
- grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gloria Ros
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy ,grid.5970.b0000 0004 1762 9868Present Address: International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- grid.425196.d0000 0004 1759 4810International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gustavo Baldassarre
- grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Belletti
- grid.418321.d0000 0004 1757 9741Division of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Guidalberto Manfioletti
- grid.5133.40000 0001 1941 4308Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Yang H. Tau and stathmin proteins in breast cancer: A potential therapeutic target. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:445-452. [PMID: 35066919 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm among women, responsible for 30% of all malignant tumours, and the second most significant reason of cancer fatality in women. Treatment failure and tumour recurrence are common outcomes of chemotherapy when patients develop multidrug resistance (MDR). New therapeutic methods like molecularly targeted therapeutic interventions need a thorough understanding of malignant tumour's molecular processes. Numerous studies published in the last few years indicate that stathmin and tubulin-associated units (tau) are upregulated in a range of human malignant tumours, suggesting that they may enhance the incidence and progression of malignancies. By promoting cancer cell reproduction, infiltration and generating drug resistance, these proteins aid in the disease's development. Existing information on the expression of tau protein and stathmin in breast cancer, as well as their involvement in treatment methods, is summarized in this literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzhao Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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8
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Bekeschus S, Liebelt G, Menz J, Singer D, Wende K, Schmidt A. Cell cycle-related genes associate with sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102234. [PMID: 35063803 PMCID: PMC8783094 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are well-described agents in physiology and pathology. Chronic inflammation causes incessant H2O2 generation associated with disease occurrences such as diabetes, autoimmunity, and cancer. In cancer, conditioning of the tumor microenvironment, e.g., hypoxia and ROS generation, has been associated with disease outcomes and therapeutic efficacy. Many reports have investigated the roles of the action of H2O2 across many cell lines and disease models. The genes predisposing tumor cell lines to H2O2-mediated demise are less deciphered, however. To this end, we performed in-house transcriptional profiling of 35 cell lines and simultaneously investigated each cell line's H2O2 inhibitory concentration (IC25) based on metabolic activity. More than 100-fold differences were observed between the most resistant and sensitive cell lines. Correlation and gene ontology pathway analysis identified a rigid association with genes intertwined in cell cycle progression and proliferation, as such functional categories dominated the top ten significant processes. The ten most substantially correlating genes (Spearman r > 0.70 or < -0.70) were validated using qPCR, showing complete congruency with microarray analysis findings. Western blotting confirmed the correlation of cell cycle-related proteins negatively correlating with H2O2 IC25. Top genes related to ROS production or antioxidant defense were only modest in correlation (Spearman r > 0.40 or < -0.40). In conclusion, our in-house transcriptomic correlation analysis revealed a set of cell cycle-associated genes associated with a priori resistance or sensitivity to H2O2-induced cellular demise with the detailed and causative roles of individual genes remaining unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Grit Liebelt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jonas Menz
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany; Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Thorax Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kristian Wende
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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9
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Abdellatif AAH, Tolba NS, Alsharidah M, Al Rugaie O, Bouazzaoui A, Saleem I, Ali AT. PEG-4000 formed polymeric nanoparticles loaded with cetuximab downregulate p21 &stathmin-1 gene expression in cancer cell lines. Life Sci 2022; 295:120403. [PMID: 35176277 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cetuximab (CTX) is known to have cytotoxic effects on several human cancer cells in vitro; however, as CTX is poorly water soluble, there is a need for improved formulations can reach cancer cells at high concentrations with low side effects. We developed (PEG-4000) polymeric nanoparticles (PEGNPs) loaded with CTX and evaluated their in vitro cytotoxicity and anticancer properties against human lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells. CTX-PEGNPs were formulated using the solvent evaporation technique, and their morphological properties were evaluated. Further, the effects of CTX-PEGNPs on cell viability using the MTT assay and perform gene expression analysis, DNA fragmentation measurements, and the comet assay. CTX-PEGNP showed uniformly dispersed NPs of nano-size range (253.7 ± 0.3 nm), and low polydispersity index (0.16) indicating the stability and uniformity of NPs. Further, the zeta potential of the preparations was -17.0 ± 1.8 mv. DSC and FTIR confirmed the entrapping of CTX in NPs. The results showed IC50 values of 2.26 μg/mL and 1.83 μg/mL for free CTX and CTX-PEGNPs on the A549 cancer cell line, respectively. Moreover, CTX-PEGNPs had a lower IC50 of 1.12 μg/mL in MCF-7 cells than that of free CTX (2.28 μg/mL). The expression levels of p21 and stathmin-1 were significantly decreased in both cell lines treated with CTX-PEGNPs compared to CTX alone. The CTX-PEGNP-treated cells also showed increased DNA fragmentation rates in both cancer cell lines compared with CTX alone. The results indicated that CTX-PEGNP was an improved formulation than CTX alone to induce apoptosis and DNA damage and inhibit cell proliferation through the downregulation of P21 and stathmin-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
| | - Nahla Sameh Tolba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sadat City University, Monufia 32897, Egypt.
| | - Mansour Alsharidah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, P.O. Box 991, Al Qassim 51911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdellatif Bouazzaoui
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.; Medical Clinic, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
| | - Imran Saleem
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Asmaa T Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62513, Egypt.
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10
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Lohan-Codeço M, Barambo-Wagner ML, Nasciutti LE, Ribeiro Pinto LF, Meireles Da Costa N, Palumbo A. Molecular mechanisms associated with chemoresistance in esophageal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:116. [PMID: 35113247 PMCID: PMC11073146 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most incident and lethal tumors worldwide. Although surgical resection is an important approach in EC treatment, late diagnosis, metastasis and recurrence after surgery have led to the management of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies over the past few decades. In this scenario, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CISP), and more recently paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin (CBP), have been traditionally used in EC treatment. However, chemoresistance to these agents along EC therapeutic management represents the main obstacle to successfully treat this malignancy. In this sense, despite the fact that most of chemotherapy drugs were discovered several decades ago, in many cases, including EC, they still represent the most affordable and widely employed treatment approach for these tumors. Therefore, this review summarizes the main mechanisms through which the response to the most widely chemotherapeutic agents used in EC treatment is impaired, such as drug metabolism, apoptosis resistance, cancer stem cells (CSCs), cell cycle, autophagy, energetic metabolism deregulation, tumor microenvironment and epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Lohan-Codeço
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Luísa Barambo-Wagner
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Meireles Da Costa
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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11
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Tan S, Kang Y, Li H, He HQ, Zheng L, Wu SQ, Ai K, Zhang L, Xu R, Zhang XZ, Zhao XK, Zhu X. circST6GALNAC6 suppresses bladder cancer metastasis by sponging miR-200a-3p to modulate the STMN1/EMT axis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:168. [PMID: 33568625 PMCID: PMC7876104 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is an aggressive malignancy because of its distant metastasis and high recurrence rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) exert critical regulatory functions in cancer progression. However, the expression patterns and roles of circRNAs in BCa have not been well investigated. In this study, we first screened circRNA expression profiles using a circRNA microarray of paired BCa and normal tissues, and the expression of circST6GALNAC6 was confirmed by qRT-PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MTT, colony formation and Transwell assays were performed to measure cell proliferation, migration and invasion. We investigated the regulatory effect of circST6GALNAC6 on miRNA and its target genes to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of circST6GALNAC6 by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), MS2-tagged RNA affinity purification (MS2-TRAP), immunofluorescence (IF) and dual luciferase activity assays. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to examine the functions of circST6GALNAC6/STMN1 in tumour metastasis in vivo. We found that 881 circRNAs were significantly dysregulated in BCa tissues compared to normal tissues. circST6GALNAC6(hsa_circ_0088708) was downregulated in BCa tissues and cells. Overexpression of circST6GALNAC6 effectively inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and suppressed BCa metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we showed that the SP1 transcription factor, which binds to the circST6GALNAC6 mRNA transcript, activates circST6GALNAC6 transcription. Next, we verified that circST6GALNAC6 serves as a sponge that directly binds miR-200a-3p to regulate stathmin (STMN1) expression. Furthermore, we found that STMN1 is involved in circST6GALNAC6/miR-200a-3p axis-regulated BCa EMT and metastasis. Thus, our findings indicate an important underlying mechanism in BCa metastasis by which SP1-induced circST6GALNAC6 sponges miR-200a-3p to promote STMN1/EMT signalling. This mechanism could provide pivotal potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tan
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Ye Kang
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Hai-Qing He
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Long Zheng
- Department of Urology, An Xiang Xian People's Hospital, Anxiang, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Shui-Qing Wu
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Kai Ai
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Xuan-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhao
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Urology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P R China.
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12
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Bi C, Cui H, Fan H, Li L. LncRNA LINC01116 Promotes the Development of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting miR-9-5p/STMN1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10547-10558. [PMID: 33116633 PMCID: PMC7573327 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to research the role of LINC01116 in the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and development of colorectal cancer cells. METHODS In total 62 colorectal cancer patient tissues and human CRC cell lines (OUMS23, SW116, SW480 and LOVO) were obtained for this study. SiLINC01116, miR-9-5p mimic, LINC01116, oe-STMN1 and their controls were transfected. The qRT-PCR method and Western blot were used to detect the levels of LINC01116, miR-9-5p and STMN1 in tissues and cells. CCK8 assay and flow cytometry were processed for proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Transwell assay was undertaken to verify invasion and migration. Luciferase assay and pull down assay were processed to confirm the binding relationship among LINC01116, miR-9-5p and STMN1. Immunohistochemistry assay also detected the expression of STMN1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze patient survival rate. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the regulatory relationship between LINC01116, miR-9-5p and STMN1 in tissues. RESULTS LINC01116 was expressed higher in CRC tissues and cells. Patients with higher expression of LINC01116 had worse prognosis. Knockdown of LINC01116 suppressed development of CRC cell. LINC01116 negatively regulated miR-9-5p, while MiR-9-5p was negatively related to STMN1. miR-9-5p mimic could rescue the effect of LINC01116, inhibit migration and invasion, and improve apoptosis of CRC cells. Oe-STMN1 could also rescue the effect of miR-9-5p on the development of colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION LINC01116 promoted the development of colorectal cancer via modulating miR-9-5p/STMN1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyao Bi
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao266300, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongshuai Cui
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haijing Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lai Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao266041, People’s Republic of China
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Borys F, Joachimiak E, Krawczyk H, Fabczak H. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Affecting Microtubule Dynamics in Normal and Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E3705. [PMID: 32823874 PMCID: PMC7464520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs), highly dynamic structures composed of α- and β-tubulin heterodimers, are involved in cell movement and intracellular traffic and are essential for cell division. Within the cell, MTs are not uniform as they can be composed of different tubulin isotypes that are post-translationally modified and interact with different microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). These diverse intrinsic factors influence the dynamics of MTs. Extrinsic factors such as microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) can also affect MT dynamics. MTAs can be divided into two main categories: microtubule-stabilizing agents (MSAs) and microtubule-destabilizing agents (MDAs). Thus, the MT skeleton is an important target for anticancer therapy. This review discusses factors that determine the microtubule dynamics in normal and cancer cells and describes microtubule-MTA interactions, highlighting the importance of tubulin isoform diversity and post-translational modifications in MTA responses and the consequences of such a phenomenon, including drug resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Borys
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Street, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Joachimiak
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Street, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hanna Fabczak
- Laboratory of Cytoskeleton and Cilia Biology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
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Molecular Evolution and Characterization of Fish Stathmin Genes. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081328. [PMID: 32752168 PMCID: PMC7460142 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Stathmin is a highly conserved microtubule remodeling protein. Here, 175 putative stathmin genes were identified in 27 species of fish. Gene organization, motif distribution, divergence of duplicated genes, functional divergence, synteny relationship, and protein-protein interaction were performed to investigate their evolutionary history. In addition, expression profiles of some stathmins were examined under dimethoate treatment. The results will provide useful references for further functional analyses. Abstract Stathmin is a highly conserved microtubule remodeling protein, involved in many biological processes such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, neurogenesis and so on. However, little evolutional information has been reported about this gene family in fish. In this study, 175 stathmin genes were identified in 27 species of fish. Conserved exon-intron structure and motif distributions were found in each group. Divergence of duplicated genes implied the species’ adaptation to the environment. Functional divergence suggested that the evolution of stathmin is mainly influenced by purifying selection, and some residues may undergo positive selection. Moreover, synteny relationship near the stathmin locus was relatively conserved in some fish. Network analyses also exhibited 74 interactions, implying functional diversity. The expression pattern of some stathmin genes was also investigated under pesticide stress. These will provide useful references for their functional research in the future.
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15
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Zhao E, Shen Y, Amir M, Farris AB, Czaja MJ. Stathmin 1 Induces Murine Hepatocyte Proliferation and Increased Liver Mass. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:38-49. [PMID: 31909354 PMCID: PMC6939544 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous cellular signals that initiate the transition of hepatocytes from quiescence to proliferation remain unclear. The protein stathmin 1 (STMN1) is highly expressed in dividing cells, including hepatocytes, and functions to promote cell mitosis through physical interactions with tubulin and microtubules that regulate mitotic spindle formation. The recent finding that STMN1 mediates the resistance of cultured hepatocytes to oxidant stress led to an examination of the expression and function of this protein in the liver in vivo. STMN1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were essentially undetectable in normal mouse liver but increased markedly in response to oxidant injury from carbon tetrachloride. Similarly, levels of STMN1 mRNA and protein were increased in human livers from patients with acute fulminant hepatic failure. To determine STMN1 function in the liver in vivo, mice were infected with a control or Stmn1-expressing adenovirus. Stmn1 expression induced spontaneous liver enlargement with a doubling of the liver to body weight ratio. The increase in liver mass resulted, in part, from hepatocellular hypertrophy but mainly from an induction of hepatocyte proliferation. STMN1 expression led to marked increases in the numbers of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive and mitotic hepatocytes and hepatic nuclear levels of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. STMN1-induced hepatocyte proliferation was followed by an apoptotic response and a return of the liver to its normal mass. Conclusion: STMN1 promotes entry of quiescent hepatocytes into the cell cycle. STMN1 expression by itself in the absence of any reduction in liver mass is sufficient to stimulate a hepatic proliferative response that significantly increases liver mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enpeng Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY
| | - Yang Shen
- Division of Digestive DiseasesDepartment of MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Muhammad Amir
- Division of Digestive DiseasesDepartment of MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Alton B. Farris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Mark J. Czaja
- Division of Digestive DiseasesDepartment of MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
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16
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Zhang D, Dai L, Yang Z, Wang X, LanNing Y. Association of STMN1 with survival in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2019; 34:108-116. [PMID: 30966849 DOI: 10.1177/1724600819837210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of Stathmin 1 (STMN1) in malignant solid tumors remains controversial. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to summarize the potential value of STMN1 as a biomarker for predicting overall survival in patients with solid tumor. METHODS We systematically searched eligible studies in PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE from the establishment date of these databases to September 2018. Hazard ratio (HR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the association between STMN1 expression and overall survival. RESULTS A total of 25 studies with 4625 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Our combined results showed that high STMN1 expression was associated with poor overall survival in solid tumors (HR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.55, 2.21). In general, our subgroup and sensitivity analyses demonstrated that our combined results were stable and reliable. However, from the results of the subgroups we found that high STMN1 expression was not related to overall survival in colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer anymore, suggesting that much caution should be taken to interpret our combined result, and more studies with large sample sizes are required to further explore the prognostic value of STMN1 expression in the specific type of tumors, especially colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer. CONCLUSIONS STMN1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker and could be developed as a valuable therapeutic target for patients with solid tumors. However, due to the limitations of the present meta-analysis, this conclusion should be taken with caution. Further studies adequately designed are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Lizhen Dai
- 3 Department of Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZengXi Yang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - XiChen Wang
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yin LanNing
- 1 Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Shimizu K, Goto Y, Kawabata-Iwakawa R, Ohtaki Y, Nakazawa S, Yokobori T, Obayashi K, Kawatani N, Yajima T, Kaira K, Mogi A, Hirato J, Nishiyama M, Shirabe K. Stathmin-1 Is a Useful Diagnostic Marker for High-Grade Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:235-243. [PMID: 30910656 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stathmin-1 regulates microtubule dynamics and is associated with malignant phenotypes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study evaluated its diagnostic value for differentiating between NSCLC and high-grade lung neuroendocrine tumor (HGNET). METHODS Stathmin-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 414 NSCLC (305 adenocarcinoma [AD], 102 squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], 7 large-cell carcinoma), 5 typical carcinoid (low-grade lung neuroendocrine tumor), and 34 HGNET (17 small-cell carcinoma [SCLC] and 17 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma [LCNEC]) surgical specimens and 57 NSCLC (29 AD and 28 SCC) and 42 HGNET (17 LCNEC and 25 SCLC) biopsy specimens. We also analyzed stathmin-1 mRNA levels in 81 NSCLCs and 26 HGNETs with the use of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Among NSCLC samples, we saw high stathmin-1 protein expression in only three ADs, one SCC, and one large-cell carcinoma surgical samples, all five of which showed neuroendocrine characteristics in pathologic re-review; and low or intermediate expression in all five typical carcinoid surgical samples and all 57 NSCLC biopsy samples. In contrast, all HGNET surgical (n = 34) and biopsy (n = 42) samples showed high stathmin-1 expression. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, stathmin-1 expression was significantly higher in HGNET tissues than in NSCLC tissues (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Stathmin-1 expression can help in differentiating NSCLC from HGNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Shimizu
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Goto
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohtaki
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Seshiru Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan; Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kai Obayashi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kawatani
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yajima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Kaira
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akira Mogi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Junko Hirato
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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Li J, Qi Z, Hu YP, Wang YX. Possible biomarkers for predicting lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a review. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:544-556. [PMID: 30616477 PMCID: PMC6381495 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518819606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common form of cancer worldwide, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a major type of esophageal cancer that arises from epithelial cells of the esophagus. Local lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a typical sign of failure for ESCC clinical treatments, and a link has been established between LNM and the aberrant expression of specific biomarkers. In this review, we summarize what is known about nine factors significantly associated with LNM in ESCC patients: phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), mucin 1, vascular endothelial growth factor-C, tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8), Raf-1 kinase inhibitory protein, stathmin (STMN1), metastasis-associated protein 1, caveolin-1, and interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3. The function of these nine proteins involves four major mechanisms: tumor cell proliferation, tumor cell migration and invasion, epithelium–mesenchymal transition, and chemosensitivity. The roles of PTEN, STMN1, and TNFAIP8 involve at least two of these mechanisms, and we suggest that they are possible biomarkers for predicting LNM in ESCC. However, further retrospective research into PTEN, STMN1, and TNFAIP8 is needed to test their possibilities as indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Qi
- 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Ping Hu
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang Wang
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Zheng Z, Li J, Yan Y, Wu W. Sulforaphane metabolites reduce resistance to paclitaxel via microtubule disruption. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1134. [PMID: 30429459 PMCID: PMC6235886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Long treatment with paclitaxel (PTX) might increase resistance and side-effects causing a failure in cancer chemotherapy. Here we uncovered that either sulforaphane-cysteine (SFN-Cys) or sulforaphane-N-acetyl-cysteine (SFN-NAC) induced apoptosis via phosphorylated ERK1/2-mediated upregulation of 26 S proteasome and Hsp70, and downregulation of βIII-tubulin, XIAP, Tau, Stathmin1 and α-tubulin causing microtubule disruption in human PTX-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Knockdown of either βIII-tubulin or α-tubulin via siRNA increased cell sensitivity to PTX, indicating that these two proteins help cells increase the resistance. Tissue microarray analysis showed that overexpression of βIII-tubulin correlated to NSCLC malignant grading. Immunofluorescence staining also showed that SFN metabolites induced a nest-like microtubule protein distribution with aggregation and disruption. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that SFN metabolites reduced the interaction between βIII-tubulin and Tau, and that between α-tubulin and XIAP. The combination of PTX with SFN metabolites decreased the resistance to PTX, and doses of both PTX and SFN metabolites, and enhanced apoptosis resulting from activated Caspase-3-caused microtubule degradation. Importantly, the effective dose of SFN metabolites combined with 20 nM PTX will be low to 4 μM. Thus, we might combine SFN metabolites with PTX for preclinical trial. Normally, more than 20 μM SFN metabolites only leading to apoptosis for SFN metabolites hindered their applications. These findings will help us develop a low-resistance and high-efficiency chemotherapy via PTX/SFN metabolites combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhongnan Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Juntao Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.
- Institute of Brain Tumor, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai Ave., Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100069, P.R. China.
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20
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Yurong L, Biaoxue R, Wei L, Zongjuan M, Hongyang S, Ping F, Wenlong G, Shuanying Y, Zongfang L. Stathmin overexpression is associated with growth, invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26000-26012. [PMID: 27494889 PMCID: PMC5432233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stathmin has been investigated as a tumor biomarker because it appear to be associated with tumorigenesis; however, the effect of stathmin in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of stathmin in lung adenocarcinoma, and to disclose the relationship between them. The expression of stathmin was examined by RT-PCR, IHC and Western blot. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (shRNA)-mediated silencing of stathmin was employed in LAC cells to investigate cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. In this study, we showed that overexpression of stathmin was significantly associated with poorly differentiated, lymph node metastasis and advance TNM stages of lung adenocarcinoma. And silencing of stathmin expression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma PC-9 cells, and retarded the growth of PC-9 cells xenografts in nude mice. Additionally, the anticarcinogenic efficacy of stathmin silencing might be involved in P38 and MMP2 signaling pathways. In conclusion, these results showed that stathmin expression was significantly up-regulated in LAC, which may act as a biomarker for LAC. Furthermore, silence of stathmin inhibiting LAC cell growth indicated that stathmin may be a promising molecular target for LAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yurong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Biaoxue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Zongjuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi Hongyang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Ping
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gao Wenlong
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Shuanying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Zongfang
- Department of Elderly Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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21
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Aronova A, Min IM, Crowley MJP, Panjwani SJ, Finnerty BM, Scognamiglio T, Liu YF, Whitsett TG, Garg S, Demeure MJ, Elemento O, Zarnegar R, Fahey TJ. STMN1 is Overexpressed in Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Promotes a More Aggressive Phenotype In Vitro. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 25:792-800. [PMID: 29214451 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-6296-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with a poor prognosis and few therapeutic options. Stathmin1 (STMN1) is a cytosolic protein involved in microtubule dynamics through inhibition of tubulin polymerization and promotion of microtubule depolymerization, which has been implicated in carcinogenesis and aggressive behavior in multiple epithelial malignancies. We aimed to evaluate expression of STMN1 in ACC and to elucidate how this may contribute to its malignant phenotype. METHODS STMN1 was identified by RNA sequencing as a highly differentially expressed gene in human ACC samples compared with benign adrenal tumors. Expression was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of a tissue microarray (TMA) from two independent cohorts. The biologic relevance of STMN1 was investigated in NCI-H295R cells by lentivirus-mediated silencing. RESULTS Differential gene expression demonstrated an eightfold increase in STMN1 messenger RNA (mRNA) in malignant compared with benign adrenal tissue. IHC showed significantly higher expression of STMN1 protein in ACC compared with normal and benign tissues. STMN1 knockdown in an ACC cell line resulted in decreased cell viability, cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1, and increased apoptosis in serum-starved conditions compared with scramble short hairpin RNA (shRNA) controls. STMN1 knockdown also decreased migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS STMN1 is overexpressed in human ACC samples, and knockdown of this target in vitro resulted in a less aggressive phenotype of ACC, particularly under serum-starved conditions. Further study is needed to investigate the feasibility of interfering with STMN1 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aronova
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Irene M Min
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael J P Crowley
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suraj J Panjwani
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brendan M Finnerty
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Theresa Scognamiglio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yi-Fang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Shipra Garg
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rasa Zarnegar
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas J Fahey
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Shrestha D, Kim N, Song K. Stathmin/Op18 depletion induces genomic instability and leads to premature senescence in human normal fibroblasts. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2381-2395. [PMID: 28885720 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stathmin/oncoprotein18 regulates microtubule dynamics and participates in mitotic entry and exit. We isolated stathmin as a physically interacting partner of KIFC1, a minus-end-directed kinesin functioning in bipolar spindle formation and maintenance. We found that stathmin depletion leads to multipolar spindle formation in IMR-90 normal human fibroblasts. Stathmin-depleted IMR-90 cells showed early mitotic delay but managed to undergo chromosome segregation by forming multiple poles or pseudo-bipoles. Consistent with these observations, lagging chromosomes, and micronuclei were elevated in stathmin-depleted IMR-90 cells, demonstrating that stathmin is essential for maintaining genomic stability during mitosis in human cells. Genomic instability induced by stathmin depletion led to premature senescence without any indication of cell death in normal IMR-90 cells. Double knock-down of both stathmin and p53 also did not induce cell death in IMR-90 cells, while the stathmin knock-down triggered apoptosis in p53-proficient human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Our results suggest that stathmin is essential in bipolar spindle formation to maintain genomic stability during mitosis, and the depletion of stathmin prevents the initiation of chromosome instability by inducing senescence in human normal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepmala Shrestha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namil Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wang H, Li W, Wang G, Zhang S, Bie L. Overexpression of STMN1 is associated with the prognosis of meningioma patients. Neurosci Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Han G, Wu Z, Zhao N, Zhou L, Liu F, Niu F, Xu Y, Zhao X. Overexpression of stathmin plays a pivotal role in the metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61742-61760. [PMID: 28977901 PMCID: PMC5617461 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a serious malignant tumor that affects human health. We analyzed the correlation between serum stathmin level and ESCC and elucidated the molecular mechanisms of stathmin's promotion of ESCC cell invasion and metastasis. Methods Stathmin level in ESCC and healthy control serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the clinical parameters were analyzed. We established ESCC cells with stathmin overexpression or knockdown and then evaluated the effects of stathmin on invasion and metastasis in ESCC. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed by Human Transcriptome Array and confirmed by RT-PCR. The expression levels of the integrin family, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were detected by immunoblotting. Results Serum levels of stathmin were significantly higher in ESCC than in control serum and associated with lymph node metastasis, tumor stage and size. Furthermore, we found that stathmin promoted migration and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we confirmed that the activation of the integrinα5β1/FAK/ERK pathway is increased in stathmin-overexpression cells and accelerates cell motility by enhancing cell adhesion ability. Conclusion Stathmin may predict a potential metastasis biomarker for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaijing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zongyong Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lanping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wang Z, He R, Xia H, Wei Y, Wu S. Knockdown of STMN1 enhances osteosarcoma cell chemosensitivity through inhibition of autophagy. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3465-3470. [PMID: 28529574 PMCID: PMC5431541 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is a major cause for the poor prognosis of osteosarcoma (OS) patients. However, our understanding of mechanisms underlying chemoresistance in OS are limited. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of stathmin 1 (STMN1) on paclitaxel-induced chemoresistance, as well as the underlying mechanism. Western blot analysis data revealed that the expression level of STMN1 was dramatically increased in OS cell lines (HOS, Saos-2, U-2OS and MG-63), when compared to normal osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells. Furthermore, treatment with paclitaxel led to upregulation of STMN1 in U-2OS cells, accompanied by activation of autophagy, which may attenuate the cytotoxicity of paclitaxel in OS cells. Following knockdown of STMN1 expression, paclitaxel-induced autophagy was significantly reduced, accompanied by increased cytotoxicity of paclitaxel to U-2OS cells. In addition, blockade of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling attenuated the inhibitory effect of STMN1 knockdown on autophagy in OS cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that knockdown of STMN1 enhances osteosarcoma cell chemosensitivity to paclitaxel through inhibition of autophagy. Therefore, STMN1 may be a potential target for the treatment of chemoresistant OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Rongzhen He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Hansong Xia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Zhang J, Schmidt CJ, Lamont SJ. Transcriptome analysis reveals potential mechanisms underlying differential heart development in fast- and slow-growing broilers under heat stress. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:295. [PMID: 28407751 PMCID: PMC5390434 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3675-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern fast-growing broilers are susceptible to heart failure under heat stress because their relatively small hearts cannot meet increased need of blood pumping. To improve the cardiac tolerance to heat stress in modern broilers through breeding, we need to find the important genes and pathways that contribute to imbalanced cardiac development and frequent occurrence of heat-related heart dysfunction. Two broiler lines - Ross 708 and Illinois - were included in this study as a fast-growing model and a slow-growing model respectively. Each broiler line was separated to two groups at 21 days posthatch. One group was subjected to heat stress treatment in the range of 35-37 °C for 8 h per day, and the other was kept in thermoneutral condition. Body and heart weights were measured at 42 days posthatch, and gene expression in left ventricles were compared between treatments and broiler lines through RNA-seq analysis. RESULTS Body weight and normalized heart weight were significantly reduced by heat stress only in Ross broilers. RNA-seq results of 44 genes were validated using Biomark assay. A total of 325 differentially expressed (DE) genes were detected between heat stress and thermoneutral in Ross 708 birds, but only 3 in Illinois broilers. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) predicted dramatic changes in multiple cellular activities especially downregulation of cell cycle. Comparison between two lines showed that cell cycle activity is higher in Ross than Illinois in thermoneutral condition but is decreased under heat stress. Among the significant pathways (P < 0.01) listed for different comparisons, "Mitotic Roles of Polo-like Kinases" is always ranked first. CONCLUSIONS The increased susceptibility of modern broilers to cardiac dysfunction under heat stress compared to slow-growing broilers could be due to diminished heart capacity related to reduction in relative heart size. The smaller relative heart size in Ross heat stress group than in Ross thermoneutral group is suggested by the transcriptome analysis to be caused by decreased cell cycle activity and increased apoptosis. The DE genes in RNA-seq analysis and significant pathways in IPA provides potential targets for breeding of heat-tolerant broilers with optimized heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Carl J Schmidt
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, 531 South College Ave, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Susan J Lamont
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Rd, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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Biaoxue R, Xiguang C, Hua L, Shuanying Y. Stathmin-dependent molecular targeting therapy for malignant tumor: the latest 5 years' discoveries and developments. J Transl Med 2016; 14:279. [PMID: 27670291 PMCID: PMC5037901 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms on malignant tumors is very critical for the development of new treatment strategies like molecularly targeted therapies. In last 5 years, many investigations suggest that stathmin is over-expressed in a variety of human malignant tumors, and potentially promotes the occurrence and development of tumors. Rather, down-regulation of stathmin can reduce cell proliferation, motility and metastasis and induce apoptosis of malignant tumors. Thus, a stathmin antagonist, such as a specific inhibitor (antibody, small molecule compound, peptide, or siRNA), may be a novel strategy of molecular targeted therapy. This review summarizes the research progress of recent 5 years on the role of stathmin in tumorigenesis, the molecular mechanisms and development of anti-stathmin treatment, which suggest that continued investigations into the function of stathmin in the tumorigenesis could lead to more rationally designed therapeutics targeting stathmin for treating human malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Biaoxue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Cai Xiguang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liu Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Shuanying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Freitas S, Martins R, Costa M, Leão PN, Vitorino R, Vasconcelos V, Urbatzka R. Hierridin B Isolated from a Marine Cyanobacterium Alters VDAC1, Mitochondrial Activity, and Cell Cycle Genes on HT-29 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14090158. [PMID: 27589771 PMCID: PMC5039529 DOI: 10.3390/md14090158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hierridin B was isolated from a marine cyanobacterium Cyanobium sp. strain and induced cytotoxicity selectively in HT-29 adenocarcinoma cells. The underlying molecular mechanism was not yet elucidated. Methods: HT-29 cells were exposed to the IC50 concentration of hierridin B (100.2 μM) for 48 h. Non-targeted proteomics was performed using 2D gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. The mRNA expression of apoptotic and cell cycle genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. Automated quantification of 160 cytoplasm and mitochondrial parameter was done by fluorescence microscopy using CellProfiler software. Results: Proteomics identified 21 significant different proteins, which belonged to protein folding/synthesis and cell structure amongst others. Increase of VDAC1 protein responsible for formation of mitochondrial channels was confirmed by mRNA expression. A 10-fold decrease of cytoskeleton proteins (STMN1, TBCA) provided a link to alterations of the cell cycle. CCNB1 and CCNE mRNA were decreased two-fold, and P21CIP increased 10-fold, indicative of cell cycle arrest. Morphological analysis of mitochondrial parameter confirmed a reduced mitochondrial activity. Conclusion: Hierridin B is a potential anticancer compound that targets mitochondrial activity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freitas
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosário Martins
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
- Health and Environmental Research Center (CISA), School of Apllied Health Sciences of Porto, Polytechnic Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Margarida Costa
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Pedro N Leão
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ralph Urbatzka
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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Wegiel B, Wang Y, Li M, Jernigan F, Sun L. Novel indolyl-chalcones target stathmin to induce cancer cell death. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:1288-94. [PMID: 26986925 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1160980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of current therapies for advanced and metastatic cancers remains a challenge in clinical practice. We investigated the anti-cancer potency of 3 novel indoly-chalcones (CITs). Our results indicated the lead molecule CIT-026 (Formula = C20H16FNO) induced cell death in prostate and lung cancer cell lines at sub-micromolar concentration. CITs (CIT-026, CIT-214, CIT-223) lead to microtubule destabilization, cell death and low cell proliferation, which in part was dependent on stathmin (STMN1) expression. Knockdown of STMN1 with siRNA against STMN1 in part restored viability of cancer cells in response to CITs. Further, CIT-026 and CIT-223 blocked cancer cell invasion through matrigel-coated chambers. Mechanistically, CITs inhibited phosphorylation of STMN1 leading to STMN1 accumulation and mitotic catastrophe. In summary, we have synthetized novel anti-cancer CIT molecules and defined their mechanism of action in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wegiel
- a Department of Surgery , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,b Transplant Institute & Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Yiqiang Wang
- a Department of Surgery , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,c Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Mailin Li
- a Department of Surgery , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,b Transplant Institute & Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Finith Jernigan
- a Department of Surgery , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,c Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Lijun Sun
- a Department of Surgery , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,c Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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High expression of stathmin 1 is a strong prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated by docetaxel-containing regimens. Clin Exp Med 2015; 17:45-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-015-0403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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