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Al-Awadhi FH, Simon EF, Liu N, Ratnayake R, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Discovery and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Cyanobacterial Fatty Acid Targeting the Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:553. [PMID: 37999377 PMCID: PMC10672429 DOI: 10.3390/md21110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The monounsaturated fatty acid 7(E)-9-keto-hexadec-7-enoic acid (1) and three structurally related analogues with different oxidation states and degrees of unsaturation (2-4) were discovered from a marine benthic cyanobacterial mat collected from Delta Shoal, Florida Keys. Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The structure of 1 contained an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system, a key motif required for the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2-ARE pathway that is involved in the activation of antioxidant and phase II detoxification enzymes. Compounds 1-4 were screened in ARE-luciferase reporter gene assay using stably transfected HEK293 cells, and only 1 significantly induced Nrf2 activity at 32 and 10 µM, whereas 2-4 were inactive. As there is crosstalk between inflammation and oxidative stress, subsequent biological studies were focused on 1 to investigate its anti-inflammatory potential. Compound 1 induced Nqo1, a well-known target gene of Nrf2, and suppressed iNos transcript levels, which translated into reduced levels of nitric oxide in LPS-activated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells, a more relevant model for inflammation. RNA sequencing was performed to capture the effects of 1 on a global level and identified additional canonical pathways and upstream regulators involved in inflammation and immune response, particularly those related to multiple sclerosis. A targeted survey of marine cyanobacterial samples from other geographic locations, including Guam, suggested the widespread occurrence of 1. Furthermore, the previous isolation of 1 from marine diatoms and green algae implied a potentially important ecological role across marine algal eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The previous isolation from sea lettuce raises the possibility of dietary intervention to attenuate inflammation and related disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H. Al-Awadhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA or (F.H.A.-A.); (E.F.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Emily F. Simon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA or (F.H.A.-A.); (E.F.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.)
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA or (F.H.A.-A.); (E.F.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.)
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA or (F.H.A.-A.); (E.F.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.)
| | | | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA or (F.H.A.-A.); (E.F.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.)
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El-Seedi HR, El-Mallah MF, Yosri N, Alajlani M, Zhao C, Mehmood MA, Du M, Ullah H, Daglia M, Guo Z, Khalifa SAM, Shou Q. Review of Marine Cyanobacteria and the Aspects Related to Their Roles: Chemical, Biological Properties, Nitrogen Fixation and Climate Change. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:439. [PMID: 37623720 PMCID: PMC10456358 DOI: 10.3390/md21080439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are an ancient group of photosynthetic microbes dating back to 3.5 million years ago. They are prolific producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. Over millions of years, natural selection has optimized their metabolites to possess activities impacting various biological targets. This paper discusses the historical and existential records of cyanobacteria, and their role in understanding the evolution of marine cyanobacteria through the ages. Recent advancements have focused on isolating and screening bioactive compounds and their respective medicinal properties, and we also discuss chemical property space and clinical trials, where compounds with potential pharmacological effects, such as cytotoxicity, anticancer, and antiparasitic properties, are highlighted. The data have shown that about 43% of the compounds investigated have cytotoxic effects, and around 8% have anti-trypanosome activity. We discussed the role of different marine cyanobacteria groups in fixing nitrogen percentages on Earth and their outcomes in fish productivity by entering food webs and enhancing productivity in different agricultural and ecological fields. The role of marine cyanobacteria in the carbon cycle and their outcomes in improving the efficiency of photosynthetic CO2 fixation in the chloroplasts of crop plants, thus enhancing the crop plant's yield, was highlighted. Ultimately, climate changes have a significant impact on marine cyanobacteria where the temperature rises, and CO2 improves the cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham R. El-Seedi
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Education Department, Nanjing 210024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed F. El-Mallah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt;
| | - Nermeen Yosri
- Chemistry Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (RIMAP), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt;
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Detection & Processing, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Muaaz Alajlani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Sham Private University, Damascus 0100, Syria;
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Muhammad A. Mehmood
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China;
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Zhiming Guo
- China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Detection & Processing, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Capio Saint Göran’s Hospital, Sankt Göransplan 1, 112 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qiyang Shou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Kokkaliari S, Luo D, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Isolation and Biological Activity of Iezoside and Iezoside B, SERCA Inhibitors from Floridian Marine Cyanobacteria. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:378. [PMID: 37504909 PMCID: PMC10381893 DOI: 10.3390/md21070378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are a rich source of bioactive natural products. Here, we report the isolation and structure elucidation of the previously reported iezoside (1) and its C-31 O-demethyl analogue, iezoside B (2), from a cyanobacterial assemblage collected at Loggerhead Key in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. The two compounds have a unique skeleton comprised of a peptide, a polyketide and a modified sugar unit. The compounds were tested for cytotoxicity and effects on intracellular calcium. Both compounds exhibited cytotoxic activity with an IC50 of 1.5 and 3.0 μΜ, respectively, against A549 lung carcinoma epithelial cells and 1.0 and 2.4 μΜ against HeLa cervical cancer cells, respectively. In the same cell lines, compounds 1 and 2 show an increase in cytosolic calcium with approximate EC50 values of 0.3 and 0.6 μΜ in A549 cells and 0.1 and 0.5 μΜ, respectively, in HeLa cells, near the IC50 for cell viability, suggesting that the increase in cytosolic calcium is functionally related to the cytotoxicity of the compounds and consistent with their activity as SERCA (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) inhibitors. The structure-activity relationship provides evidence that structural changes in the sugar unit may be tolerated, and the activity is tunable. This finding has implications for future analogue synthesis and target interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kokkaliari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Danmeng Luo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Valerie J Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station at Ft. Pierce, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, FL 34949, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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4
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Perera RMTD, Herath KHINM, Sanjeewa KKA, Jayawardena TU. Recent Reports on Bioactive Compounds from Marine Cyanobacteria in Relation to Human Health Applications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1411. [PMID: 37374193 DOI: 10.3390/life13061411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The ocean is a valuable natural resource that contains numerous biologically active compounds with various bioactivities. The marine environment comprises unexplored sources that can be utilized to isolate novel compounds with bioactive properties. Marine cyanobacteria are an excellent source of bioactive compounds that have applications in human health, biofuel, cosmetics, and bioremediation. These cyanobacteria exhibit bioactive properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-diabetic, anti-viral, antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-obesity effects, making them promising candidates for drug development. In recent decades, researchers have focused on isolating novel bioactive compounds from different marine cyanobacteria species for the development of therapeutics for various diseases that affect human health. This review provides an update on recent studies that explore the bioactive properties of marine cyanobacteria, with a particular focus on their potential use in human health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M T D Perera
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pitipana 10206, Sri Lanka
| | - K H I N M Herath
- Department of Bio-Systems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura 60170, Sri Lanka
| | - K K Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Pitipana 10206, Sri Lanka
| | - Thilina U Jayawardena
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
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5
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Kim HS, Kong H, Kim T, Lim C, Lee S, Kim SH, Suh YG. Structural Congeners of Izenamides Responsible for Cathepsin D Inhibition: Insights from Synthesis-Derived Elucidation. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050281. [PMID: 37233475 DOI: 10.3390/md21050281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the structural congeners of natural izenamides A, B, and C (1-3) responsible for cathepsin D (CTSD) inhibition. Structurally modified izenamides were synthesized and biologically evaluated, and their biologically important core structures were identified. We confirmed that the natural statine (Sta) unit (3S,4S)-γ-amino-β-hydroxy acid is a requisite core structure of izenamides for inhibition of CTSD, which is closely related to the pathophysiological roles in numerous human diseases. Interestingly, the statine-incorporated izenamide C variant (7) and 18-epi-izenamide B variant (8) exhibited more potent CTSD-inhibitory activities than natural izenamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Su Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kong
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbeom Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
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Yong CW, Deng B, Liu LM, Wang XW, Jiang HB. Diversity and Evolution of Iron Uptake Pathways in Marine Cyanobacteria from the Perspective of the Coastal Strain Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0173222. [PMID: 36533965 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01732-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria contribute to approximately half of the ocean primary production, and their biomass is limited by low iron (Fe) bioavailability in many regions of the open seas. The mechanisms by which marine cyanobacteria overcome Fe limitation remain unclear. In this study, multiple Fe uptake pathways have been identified in a coastal strain of Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002. A total of 49 mutants were obtained by gene knockout methods, and 10 mutants were found to have significantly decreased growth rates compared to the wild type (WT). The genes related to active Fe transport pathways such as TonB-dependent transporters and the synthesis and secretion of siderophores are found to be essential for the adaptation of Fe limitation in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002. By comparing the Fe uptake pathways of this coastal strain with other open-ocean cyanobacterial strains, it can be concluded that the Fe uptake strategies from different cyanobacteria have a strong relationship with the Fe bioavailability in their habitats. The evolution and adaptation of cyanobacterial iron acquisition strategies with the change of iron environments from ancient oceans to modern oceans are discussed. This study provides new insights into the diversified strategies of marine cyanobacteria in different habitats from temporal and spatial scales. IMPORTANCE Iron (Fe) is an important limiting factor of marine primary productivity. Cyanobacteria, the oldest photosynthetic oxygen-evolving organisms on the earth, play crucial roles in marine primary productivity, especially in the oligotrophic ocean. How they overcome Fe limitation during the long-term evolution process has not been fully revealed. Fe uptake mechanisms of cyanobacteria have been partially studied in freshwater cyanobacteria but are largely unknown in marine cyanobacterial species. In this paper, the characteristics of Fe uptake mechanisms in a coastal model cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, were studied. Furthermore, the relationship between Fe uptake strategies and Fe environments of cyanobacterial habitats has been revealed from temporal and spatial scales, which provides a good case for marine microorganisms adapting to changes in the marine environment.
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Díez J, López-Lozano A, Domínguez-Martín MA, Gómez-Baena G, Muñoz-Marín MC, Melero-Rubio Y, García-Fernández JM. Regulatory and metabolic adaptations in the nitrogen assimilation of marine picocyanobacteria. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:6794272. [PMID: 36323406 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus are the two most abundant photosynthetic organisms on Earth, with a strong influence on the biogeochemical carbon and nitrogen cycles. Early reports demonstrated the streamlining of regulatory mechanisms in nitrogen metabolism and the removal of genes not strictly essential. The availability of a large series of genomes, and the utilization of latest generation molecular techniques have allowed elucidating the main mechanisms developed by marine picocyanobacteria to adapt to the environments where they thrive, with a particular interest in the strains inhabiting oligotrophic oceans. Given that nitrogen is often limited in those environments, a series of studies have explored the strategies utilized by Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus to exploit the low concentrations of nitrogen-containing molecules available in large areas of the oceans. These strategies include the reduction in the GC and the cellular protein contents; the utilization of truncated proteins; a reduced average amount of N in the proteome; the development of metabolic mechanisms to perceive and utilize nanomolar nitrate concentrations; and the reduced responsiveness of key molecular regulatory systems such as NtcA to 2-oxoglutarate. These findings are in sharp contrast with the large body of knowledge obtained in freshwater cyanobacteria. We will outline the main discoveries, stressing their relevance to the ecological success of these important microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Díez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - A López-Lozano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - M A Domínguez-Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - G Gómez-Baena
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - M C Muñoz-Marín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - Y Melero-Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
| | - J M García-Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba,14001, Spain
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Doré H, Leconte J, Guyet U, Breton S, Farrant GK, Demory D, Ratin M, Hoebeke M, Corre E, Pitt FD, Ostrowski M, Scanlan DJ, Partensky F, Six C, Garczarek L. Global Phylogeography of Marine Synechococcus in Coastal Areas Reveals Strong Community Shifts. mSystems 2022; 7:e0065622. [PMID: 36468851 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00656-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Synechococcus comprise a numerically and ecologically prominent phytoplankton group, playing a major role in both carbon cycling and trophic networks in all oceanic regions except in the polar oceans. Despite their high abundance in coastal areas, our knowledge of Synechococcus communities in these environments is based on only a few local studies. Here, we use the global metagenome data set of the Ocean Sampling Day (June 21st, 2014) to get a snapshot of the taxonomic composition of coastal Synechococcus communities worldwide, by recruitment on a reference database of 141 picocyanobacterial genomes, representative of the whole Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and Cyanobium diversity. This allowed us to unravel drastic community shifts over small to medium scale gradients of environmental factors, in particular along European coasts. The combined analysis of the phylogeography of natural populations and the thermophysiological characterization of eight strains, representative of the four major Synechococcus lineages (clades I to IV), also brought novel insights about the differential niche partitioning of clades I and IV, which most often co-dominate the Synechococcus community in cold and temperate coastal areas. Altogether, this study reveals several important characteristics and specificities of the coastal communities of Synechococcus worldwide. IMPORTANCE Synechococcus is the second most abundant phytoplanktonic organism on Earth, and its wide genetic diversity allowed it to colonize all the oceans except for polar waters, with different clades colonizing distinct oceanic niches. In recent years, the use of global metagenomics data sets has greatly improved our knowledge of "who is where" by describing the distribution of Synechococcus clades or ecotypes in the open ocean. However, little is known about the global distribution of Synechococcus ecotypes in coastal areas, where Synechococcus is often the dominant phytoplanktonic organism. Here, we leverage the global Ocean Sampling Day metagenomics data set to describe Synechococcus community composition in coastal areas worldwide, revealing striking community shifts, in particular along the coasts of Europe. As temperature appears as an important driver of the community composition, we also characterize the thermal preferenda of 8 Synechococcus strains, bringing new insights into the adaptation to temperature of the dominant Synechococcus clades.
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Youssef DTA, Mufti SJ, Badiab AA, Shaala LA. Anti-Infective Secondary Metabolites of the Marine Cyanobacterium Lyngbya Morphotype between 1979 and 2022. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120768. [PMID: 36547915 PMCID: PMC9788623 DOI: 10.3390/md20120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria ascribed to the genus Lyngbya (Family Oscillatoriaceae) represent a potential therapeutic gold mine of chemically and biologically diverse natural products that exhibit a wide array of biological properties. Phylogenetic analyses have established the Lyngbya 'morpho-type' as a highly polyphyletic group and have resulted in taxonomic revision and description of an additional six new cyanobacterial genera in the same family to date. Among the most prolific marine cyanobacterial producers of biologically active compounds are the species Moorena producens (previously L. majuscula, then Moorea producens), M. bouillonii (previously L. bouillonii), and L. confervoides. Over the years, compounding evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies in support of the significant pharmaceutical potential of 'Lyngbya'-derived natural products has made the Lyngbya morphotype a significant target for biomedical research and novel drug leads development. This comprehensive review covers compounds with reported anti-infective activities through 2022 from the Lyngbya morphotype, including new genera arising from recent phylogenetic re-classification. So far, 72 anti-infective secondary metabolites have been isolated from various Dapis, Lyngbya, Moorea, and Okeania species. These compounds showed significant antibacterial, antiparasitic, antifungal, antiviral and molluscicidal effects. Herein, a comprehensive literature review covering the natural source, chemical structure, and biological/pharmacological properties will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diaa T. A. Youssef
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Natural Products Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-548535344
| | - Shatha J. Mufti
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A. Badiab
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamiaa A. Shaala
- Suez Canal University Hospital, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Wang S, Pearson LA, Mazmouz R, Liu T, Neilan BA. Heterologous Expression and Biochemical Analysis Reveal a Schizokinen-Based Siderophore Pathway in Leptolyngbya (Cyanobacteria). Appl Environ Microbiol 2022;:e0237321. [PMID: 35285240 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02373-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are low molecular weight iron-chelating molecules that many organisms secrete to scavenge ferric iron from the environment. While cyanobacteria inhabit a wide range of environments with poor iron availability, only two siderophore families have been characterized from this phylum. Herein, we sought to investigate siderophore production in the marine genus, Leptolyngbya. A 12 open reading frame (14.5 kb) putative nonribosomal peptide synthetase-independent siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster, identified in the genome of Leptolyngbya sp. PCC 7376, was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Under iron-limiting conditions, expression strains harboring the first seven genes (lidA to lidF), produced a potent siderophore, which was subsequently identified via UPLC-MS/MS and NMR as schizokinen. The enzymes encoded by the remaining genes (lidG1 to lidG5) did not appear to be active in E. coli, therefore their function could not be determined. Bioinformatic analysis revealed gene clusters with high homology to lidA to lidF in phylogenetically and biogeographically diverse cyanobacteria, suggesting that schizokinen-based siderophore production is widespread in this phylum. Siderophore yields in E. coli expression strains were significantly higher than those achieved by Leptolyngbya, highlighting the potential of this platform for producing siderophores of industrial value. IMPORTANCE Iron availability limits the growth of many microorganisms, particularly those residing in high nutrient-low chlorophyll aquatic environments. Therefore, characterizing iron acquisition pathways in phytoplankton is essential for understanding nutrient cycling in our oceans. The results of this study suggest that Leptolyngbya sp. PCC 7376, and many other cyanobacteria, use schizokinen-based iron chelators (siderophores) to scavenge iron from the environment. We have shown that these pathways are amenable to heterologous expression in E. coli, which expands the limited arsenal of known cyanobacterial siderophores and is advantageous for the downstream overproduction of relevant siderophores of ecological and industrial value.
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Gunasekera SP, Kokkaliari S, Ratnayake R, Sauvage T, dos Santos LAH, Luesch H, Paul VJ. Anti-Inflammatory Dysidazirine Carboxylic Acid from the Marine Cyanobacterium Caldora sp. Collected from the Reefs of Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051717. [PMID: 35268819 PMCID: PMC8911782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysidazirine carboxylic acid (1) was isolated from the lipophilic extract of a collection of the benthic marine cyanobacterium Caldora sp. from reefs near Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The planar structure of this new compound was determined by spectroscopic methods and comparisons between HRMS and NMR data with its reported methyl ester. The absolute configuration of the single chiral center was determined by the conversion of 1 to the methyl ester and the comparison of its specific rotation data with the two known methyl ester isomers, 2 and 3. Molecular sequencing with 16S rDNA indicated that this cyanobacterium differs from Caldora penicillata (Oscillatoriales) and represents a previously undocumented and novel Caldora species. Dysidazirine (2) showed weak cytotoxicity against HCT116 colorectal cancer cells (IC50 9.1 µM), while dysidazirine carboxylic acid (1) was non-cytotoxic. Similar cell viability patterns were observed in RAW264.7 cells with dysidazirine only (2), displaying cytotoxicity at the highest concentration tested (50 µM). The non-cytotoxic dysidazirine carboxylic acid (1) demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. After 24 h, 1 inhibited the production of NO by almost 50% at 50 µM, without inducing cytotoxicity. Compound 1 rapidly decreased gene expression of the pro-inflammatory gene iNOS after 3 h post-LPS treatment and in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 ~1 µM); the downregulation of iNOS persisted at least until 12 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath P. Gunasekera
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Ft. Pierce, FL 34949, USA; (S.P.G.); (T.S.); (L.A.H.d.S.)
| | - Sofia Kokkaliari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (S.K.); (R.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (S.K.); (R.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Thomas Sauvage
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Ft. Pierce, FL 34949, USA; (S.P.G.); (T.S.); (L.A.H.d.S.)
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90650, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa A. H. dos Santos
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Ft. Pierce, FL 34949, USA; (S.P.G.); (T.S.); (L.A.H.d.S.)
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (S.K.); (R.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Valerie J. Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Ft. Pierce, FL 34949, USA; (S.P.G.); (T.S.); (L.A.H.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-772-462-0982
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12
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Rabouille S, Randall B, Talec A, Raimbault P, Blasco T, Latifi A, Oschlies A. Independence of a Marine Unicellular Diazotroph to the Presence of NO 3. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102073. [PMID: 34683393 PMCID: PMC8540418 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine nitrogen (N2) fixation was historically considered to be absent or reduced in nitrate (NO3−) rich environments. This is commonly attributed to the lower energetic cost of NO3− uptake compared to diazotrophy in oxic environments. This paradigm often contributes to making inferences about diazotroph distribution and activity in the ocean, and is also often used in biogeochemical ocean models. To assess the general validity of this paradigm beyond the traditionally used model organism Trichodesmium spp., we grew cultures of the unicellular cyanobacterium Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501 long term in medium containing replete concentrations of NO3−. NO3− uptake was measured in comparison to N2 fixation to assess the cultures’ nitrogen source preferences. We further measured culture growth rate, cell stoichiometry, and carbon fixation rate to determine if the presence of NO3− had any effect on cell metabolism. We found that uptake of NO3− by this strain of Crocosphaera was minimal in comparison to other N sources (~2–4% of total uptake). Furthermore, availability of NO3− did not statistically alter N2 fixation rate nor any aspect of cell physiology or metabolism measured (cellular growth rate, cell stoichiometry, cell size, nitrogen fixation rate, nitrogenase activity) in comparison to a NO3− free control culture. These results demonstrate the capability of a marine diazotroph to fix nitrogen and grow independently of NO3−. This lack of sensitivity of diazotrophy to NO3− suggests that assumptions often made about, and model formulations of, N2 fixation should be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Rabouille
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; (B.R.); (A.T.); (T.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Benjamin Randall
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; (B.R.); (A.T.); (T.B.)
| | - Amélie Talec
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; (B.R.); (A.T.); (T.B.)
| | - Patrick Raimbault
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - Thierry Blasco
- Laboratoire d’Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, F-06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; (B.R.); (A.T.); (T.B.)
| | - Amel Latifi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne (LCB), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13284 Marseille, France;
| | - Andreas Oschlies
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
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Grébert T, Nguyen AA, Pokhrel S, Joseph KL, Ratin M, Dufour L, Chen B, Haney AM, Karty JA, Trinidad JC, Garczarek L, Schluchter WM, Kehoe DM, Partensky F. Molecular bases of an alternative dual-enzyme system for light color acclimation of marine Synechococcus cyanobacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2019715118. [PMID: 33627406 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019715118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Synechococcus cyanobacteria owe their ubiquity in part to the wide pigment diversity of their light-harvesting complexes. In open ocean waters, cells predominantly possess sophisticated antennae with rods composed of phycocyanin and two types of phycoerythrins (PEI and PEII). Some strains are specialized for harvesting either green or blue light, while others can dynamically modify their light absorption spectrum to match the dominant ambient color. This process, called type IV chromatic acclimation (CA4), has been linked to the presence of a small genomic island occurring in two configurations (CA4-A and CA4-B). While the CA4-A process has been partially characterized, the CA4-B process has remained an enigma. Here we characterize the function of two members of the phycobilin lyase E/F clan, MpeW and MpeQ, in Synechococcus sp. strain A15-62 and demonstrate their critical role in CA4-B. While MpeW, encoded in the CA4-B island and up-regulated in green light, attaches the green light-absorbing chromophore phycoerythrobilin to cysteine-83 of the PEII α-subunit in green light, MpeQ binds phycoerythrobilin and isomerizes it into the blue light-absorbing phycourobilin at the same site in blue light, reversing the relationship of MpeZ and MpeY in the CA4-A strain RS9916. Our data thus reveal key molecular differences between the two types of chromatic acclimaters, both highly abundant but occupying distinct complementary ecological niches in the ocean. They also support an evolutionary scenario whereby CA4-B island acquisition allowed former blue light specialists to become chromatic acclimaters, while former green light specialists would have acquired this capacity by gaining a CA4-A island.
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14
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Leão T, Wang M, Moss N, da Silva R, Sanders J, Nurk S, Gurevich A, Humphrey G, Reher R, Zhu Q, Belda-Ferre P, Glukhov E, Whitner S, Alexander KL, Rex R, Pevzner P, Dorrestein PC, Knight R, Bandeira N, Gerwick WH, Gerwick L. A Multi-Omics Characterization of the Natural Product Potential of Tropical Filamentous Marine Cyanobacteria. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:20. [PMID: 33418911 DOI: 10.3390/md19010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial natural products are important for the understanding of microbial interactions, chemical defense and communication, and have also served as an inspirational source for numerous pharmaceutical drugs. Tropical marine cyanobacteria have been highlighted as a great source of new natural products, however, few reports have appeared wherein a multi-omics approach has been used to study their natural products potential (i.e., reports are often focused on an individual natural product and its biosynthesis). This study focuses on describing the natural product genetic potential as well as the expressed natural product molecules in benthic tropical cyanobacteria. We collected from several sites around the world and sequenced the genomes of 24 tropical filamentous marine cyanobacteria. The informatics program antiSMASH was used to annotate the major classes of gene clusters. BiG-SCAPE phylum-wide analysis revealed the most promising strains for natural product discovery among these cyanobacteria. LCMS/MS-based metabolomics highlighted the most abundant molecules and molecular classes among 10 of these marine cyanobacterial samples. We observed that despite many genes encoding for peptidic natural products, peptides were not as abundant as lipids and lipopeptides in the chemical extracts. Our results highlight a number of highly interesting biosynthetic gene clusters for genome mining among these cyanobacterial samples.
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15
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Doré H, Farrant GK, Guyet U, Haguait J, Humily F, Ratin M, Pitt FD, Ostrowski M, Six C, Brillet-Guéguen L, Hoebeke M, Bisch A, Le Corguillé G, Corre E, Labadie K, Aury JM, Wincker P, Choi DH, Noh JH, Eveillard D, Scanlan DJ, Partensky F, Garczarek L. Evolutionary Mechanisms of Long-Term Genome Diversification Associated With Niche Partitioning in Marine Picocyanobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:567431. [PMID: 33042072 PMCID: PMC7522525 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.567431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine picocyanobacteria of the genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus are the most abundant photosynthetic organisms on Earth, an ecological success thought to be linked to the differential partitioning of distinct ecotypes into specific ecological niches. However, the underlying processes that governed the diversification of these microorganisms and the appearance of niche-related phenotypic traits are just starting to be elucidated. Here, by comparing 81 genomes, including 34 new Synechococcus, we explored the evolutionary processes that shaped the genomic diversity of picocyanobacteria. Time-calibration of a core-protein tree showed that gene gain/loss occurred at an unexpectedly low rate between the different lineages, with for instance 5.6 genes gained per million years (My) for the major Synechococcus lineage (sub-cluster 5.1), among which only 0.71/My have been fixed in the long term. Gene content comparisons revealed a number of candidates involved in nutrient adaptation, a large proportion of which are located in genomic islands shared between either closely or more distantly related strains, as identified using an original network construction approach. Interestingly, strains representative of the different ecotypes co-occurring in phosphorus-depleted waters (Synechococcus clades III, WPC1, and sub-cluster 5.3) were shown to display different adaptation strategies to this limitation. In contrast, we found few genes potentially involved in adaptation to temperature when comparing cold and warm thermotypes. Indeed, comparison of core protein sequences highlighted variants specific to cold thermotypes, notably involved in carotenoid biosynthesis and the oxidative stress response, revealing that long-term adaptation to thermal niches relies on amino acid substitutions rather than on gene content variation. Altogether, this study not only deciphers the respective roles of gene gains/losses and sequence variation but also uncovers numerous gene candidates likely involved in niche partitioning of two key members of the marine phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Doré
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Gregory K Farrant
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Ulysse Guyet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Julie Haguait
- LS2N, UMR CNRS 6004, IMT Atlantique, ECN, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Florian Humily
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Morgane Ratin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Frances D Pitt
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Ostrowski
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Christophe Six
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Loraine Brillet-Guéguen
- CNRS, FR 2424, ABiMS Platform, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Mark Hoebeke
- CNRS, FR 2424, ABiMS Platform, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Antoine Bisch
- CNRS, FR 2424, ABiMS Platform, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Gildas Le Corguillé
- CNRS, FR 2424, ABiMS Platform, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- CNRS, FR 2424, ABiMS Platform, Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Karine Labadie
- Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Jean-Marc Aury
- Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François-Jacob, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Patrick Wincker
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Évry, France
| | - Dong Han Choi
- Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, South Korea.,Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Noh
- Marine Ecosystem Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Marine Biology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Damien Eveillard
- LS2N, UMR CNRS 6004, IMT Atlantique, ECN, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Research Federation (FR2022) Tara Océans GO-SEE, Paris, France
| | - David J Scanlan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Partensky
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment (AD2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Roscoff, France.,Research Federation (FR2022) Tara Océans GO-SEE, Paris, France
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16
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Guyet U, Nguyen NA, Doré H, Haguait J, Pittera J, Conan M, Ratin M, Corre E, Le Corguillé G, Brillet-Guéguen L, Hoebeke M, Six C, Steglich C, Siegel A, Eveillard D, Partensky F, Garczarek L. Synergic Effects of Temperature and Irradiance on the Physiology of the Marine Synechococcus Strain WH7803. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1707. [PMID: 32793165 PMCID: PMC7393227 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how microorganisms adjust their metabolism to maintain their ability to cope with short-term environmental variations constitutes one of the major current challenges in microbial ecology. Here, the best physiologically characterized marine Synechococcus strain, WH7803, was exposed to modulated light/dark cycles or acclimated to continuous high-light (HL) or low-light (LL), then shifted to various stress conditions, including low (LT) or high temperature (HT), HL and ultraviolet (UV) radiations. Physiological responses were analyzed by measuring time courses of photosystem (PS) II quantum yield, PSII repair rate, pigment ratios and global changes in gene expression. Previously published membrane lipid composition were also used for correlation analyses. These data revealed that cells previously acclimated to HL are better prepared than LL-acclimated cells to sustain an additional light or UV stress, but not a LT stress. Indeed, LT seems to induce a synergic effect with the HL treatment, as previously observed with oxidative stress. While all tested shift conditions induced the downregulation of many photosynthetic genes, notably those encoding PSI, cytochrome b6/f and phycobilisomes, UV stress proved to be more deleterious for PSII than the other treatments, and full recovery of damaged PSII from UV stress seemed to involve the neo-synthesis of a fairly large number of PSII subunits and not just the reassembly of pre-existing subunits after D1 replacement. In contrast, genes involved in glycogen degradation and carotenoid biosynthesis pathways were more particularly upregulated in response to LT. Altogether, these experiments allowed us to identify responses common to all stresses and those more specific to a given stress, thus highlighting genes potentially involved in niche acclimation of a key member of marine ecosystems. Our data also revealed important specific features of the stress responses compared to model freshwater cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysse Guyet
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Ngoc A Nguyen
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Hugo Doré
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Julie Haguait
- LS2N, UMR CNRS 6004, IMT Atlantique, ECN, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Justine Pittera
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Maël Conan
- DYLISS (INRIA-IRISA)-INRIA, CNRS UMR 6074, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Morgane Ratin
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Gildas Le Corguillé
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Loraine Brillet-Guéguen
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France.,CNRS, UMR 8227 Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Mark Hoebeke
- CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Christophe Six
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Anne Siegel
- DYLISS (INRIA-IRISA)-INRIA, CNRS UMR 6074, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Damien Eveillard
- LS2N, UMR CNRS 6004, IMT Atlantique, ECN, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Partensky
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne Université, Roscoff, France
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Tan LT, Phyo MY. Marine Cyanobacteria: A Source of Lead Compounds and their Clinically-Relevant Molecular Targets. Molecules 2020; 25:E2197. [PMID: 32397127 PMCID: PMC7249205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prokaryotic filamentous marine cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microbes that are found in diverse marine habitats, ranging from epiphytic to endolithic communities. Their successful colonization in nature is largely attributed to genetic diversity as well as the production of ecologically important natural products. These cyanobacterial natural products are also a source of potential drug leads for the development of therapeutic agents used in the treatment of diseases, such as cancer, parasitic infections and inflammation. Major sources of these biomedically important natural compounds are found predominately from marine cyanobacterial orders Oscillatoriales, Nostocales, Chroococcales and Synechococcales. Moreover, technological advances in genomic and metabolomics approaches, such as mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, revealed that marine cyanobacteria are a treasure trove of structurally unique natural products. The high potency of a number of natural products are due to their specific interference with validated drug targets, such as proteasomes, proteases, histone deacetylases, microtubules, actin filaments and membrane receptors/channels. In this review, the chemistry and biology of selected potent cyanobacterial compounds as well as their synthetic analogues are presented based on their molecular targets. These molecules are discussed to reflect current research trends in drug discovery from marine cyanobacterial natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lik Tong Tan
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore;
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18
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Abstract
Cyanobacterial diazotrophs are considered to be the most important source of fixed N2 in the open ocean. Biological N2 fixation is catalyzed by the extremely O2-sensitive nitrogenase enzyme. In cyanobacteria without specialized N2-fixing cells (heterocysts), mechanisms such as decoupling photosynthesis from N2 fixation in space or time are involved in protecting nitrogenase from the intracellular O2 evolved by photosynthesis. However, it is not known how cyanobacterial cells limit O2 diffusion across their membranes to protect nitrogenase in ambient O2-saturated surface ocean waters. Here, we explored all known genomes of the major marine cyanobacterial lineages for the presence of hopanoid synthesis genes, since hopanoids are a class of lipids that might act as an O2 diffusion barrier. We found that, whereas all non−heterocyst-forming cyanobacterial diazotrophs had hopanoid synthesis genes, none of the marine Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus (non−N2-fixing), and marine heterocyst-forming (N2-fixing) cyanobacteria did. Finally, we conclude that hopanoid-enriched membranes are a conserved trait in non−heterocyst-forming cyanobacterial diazotrophs that might lower the permeability to extracellular O2. This membrane property coupled with high respiration rates to decrease intracellular O2 concentration may therefore explain how non−heterocyst-forming cyanobacterial diazotrophs can fix N2 in the fully oxic surface ocean.
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19
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Shiels K, Browne N, Donovan F, Murray P, Saha SK. Molecular Characterization of Twenty-Five Marine Cyanobacteria Isolated from Coastal Regions of Ireland. Biology (Basel) 2019; 8:biology8030059. [PMID: 31394859 PMCID: PMC6784279 DOI: 10.3390/biology8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five marine cyanobacteria isolated from Irish coasts were characterized based on their morphological characters and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) isoenzyme banding patterns were used to differentiate two morphologically ambiguous isolates. In this study, six new cyanobacteria-specific primers were designed, and a 16S rRNA gene of twenty-five morphologically diverse cyanobacteria was successfully PCR amplified (1198–1396 bps). Assembled 16S rRNA sequences were used both for a basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) analysis for genus-level identification and to generate a phylogenetic tree, which yielded two major clusters: One with morphologically homogenous cyanobacteria and the other with morphologically very diverse cyanobacteria. Kamptonema okenii and Tychonema decoloratum were isolated from a single field sample of Ballybunion and were originally identified as the same ‘Oscillatoria sp.’ based on preliminary morphological observations. However, an alignment of 16S rRNA gene sequences and SOD and MDH isoenzyme banding pattern analyses helped in differentiating the morphologically-indistinguishable ‘Oscillatoria sp.’. Finally, after a re-evaluation of their morphological characters using modern taxonomic publications, the originally identified ‘Oscillatoria sp.’ were re-identified as Kamptonema okenii and Tychonema decoloratum, thus supporting the polyphasic approach of cyanobacteria characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Shiels
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick V94 E8YF, Ireland
| | - Norma Browne
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick V94 E8YF, Ireland
| | - Fiona Donovan
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick V94 E8YF, Ireland
| | - Patrick Murray
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick V94 E8YF, Ireland
| | - Sushanta Kumar Saha
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish Park, Limerick V94 E8YF, Ireland.
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20
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Luo D, Putra MY, Ye T, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Biological Evaluation of Lagunamide D: A New Cytotoxic Macrocyclic Depsipeptide from Marine Cyanobacteria. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E83. [PMID: 30717076 DOI: 10.3390/md17020083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lagunamide D, a new cytotoxic macrocyclic depsipeptide, was discovered from a collection of marine cyanobacteria from Loggerhead Key in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. An intramolecular ester exchange was observed, where the 26-membered macrocycle could contract to a 24-membered compound via acyl migration at the 1,3-diol unit, and the transformation product was named lagunamide D’. The planar structures of both compounds were elucidated using a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). The absolute configurations were determined on the basis of enantioselective analysis, modified Mosher’s analysis, Kishi NMR database, and direct comparison with lagunamide A, a structure closely resembling lagunamide D. Lagunamides A and D displayed low-nanomolar antiproliferative activity against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, while the structural transformation from the 26-membered lagunamide D macrocycle to the 24-membered ring structure for lagunamide D’ led to a 9.6-fold decrease in activity. Lagunamide D also displayed potent activity in triggering apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Further investigation on the mechanism of action of the lagunamide scaffold is needed to fully explore its therapeutic potential as an anticancer agent.
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21
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Moore LR, Huang T, Ostrowski M, Mazard S, Kumar SS, Gamage HKAH, Brown MV, Messer LF, Seymour JR, Paulsen IT. Unicellular Cyanobacteria Are Important Components of Phytoplankton Communities in Australia's Northern Oceanic Ecoregions. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3356. [PMID: 30728821 PMCID: PMC6351784 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The tropical marine environments of northern Australia encompasses a diverse range of geomorphological and oceanographic conditions and high levels of productivity and nitrogen fixation. However, efforts to characterize phytoplankton assemblages in these waters have been restricted to studies using microscopic and pigment analyses, leading to the current consensus that this region is dominated by large diatoms, dinoflagellates, and the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. During an oceanographic transect from the Arafura Sea through the Torres Strait to the Coral Sea, we characterized prokaryotic and eukaryotic phytoplankton communities in surface waters using a combination of flow cytometry and Illumina based 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing. Similar to observations in other marine regions around Australian, phytoplankton assemblages throughout this entire region were rich in unicellular picocyanobacterial primary producers while picoeukaryotic phytoplankton formed a consistent, though smaller proportion of the photosynthetic biomass. Major taxonomic groups displayed distinct biogeographic patterns linked to oceanographic and nutrient conditions. Unicellular picocyanobacteria dominated in both flow cytometric abundance and carbon biomass, with members of the Synechococcus genus dominating in the shallower Arafura Sea and Torres Strait where chlorophyll a was relatively higher (averaging 0.4 ± 0.2 mg m-3), and Prochlorococcus dominating in the oligotrophic Coral Sea where chlorophyll a averaged 0.13 ± 0.07 mg m-3. Consistent with previous microscopic and pigment-based observations, we found from sequence analysis that a variety of diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) exhibited high relative abundance in the Arafura Sea and Torres Strait, while dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) and prymnesiophytes (Prymnesiophyceae) were more abundant in the Coral Sea. Ordination analysis identified temperature, nutrient concentrations and water depth as key drivers of the region's assemblage composition. This is the first molecular and flow cytometric survey of the abundance and diversity of both prokaryotic and picoeukaryotic phytoplankton in this region, and points to the need to include the picocyanobacterial populations as an essential oceanic variable for sustained monitoring in order to better understand the health of these important coastal waters as global oceans change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Moore
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, United States.,MQMarine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Taotao Huang
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin Ostrowski
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,MQMarine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sophie Mazard
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sheemal S Kumar
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mark V Brown
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lauren F Messer
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin R Seymour
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian T Paulsen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,MQMarine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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22
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Rague AL, Parker SJ, Tidgewell KJ. Evaluating Marine Cyanobacteria as a Source for CNS Receptor Ligands. Molecules 2018; 23:E2665. [PMID: 30336553 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have a long history as a source of psychoactive agents and pharmacological tools for understanding the brain and its circuitry. In the last two decades, marine cyanobacteria have become a standard source of natural product ligands with cytotoxic properties. The study of cyanobacterial metabolites as CNS modulatory agents has remained largely untapped, despite the need for new molecules to treat and understand CNS disorders. We have generated a library of 301 fractions from 37 field collected cyanobacterial samples and screened these fractions against a panel of CNS receptors using radiolabeled ligand competitive-binding assays. Herein we present an analysis of the screening data collected to date, which show that cyanobacteria are prolific producers of compounds which bind to important CNS receptors, including those for 5-HT, DA, monoamine transporters, adrenergic, sigma, and cannabinoid receptors. In addition to the analysis of our screening efforts, we will also present the isolation of five compounds from the same cyanobacterial collection to illustrate how pre-fractionation followed by radioligand screening can lead to rapid identification of selective CNS agents. The systematic screening of natural products sources, specifically filamentous marine cyanobacteria, will yield a number of lead compounds for further development as pharmacological tools and therapeutics.
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23
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Al-Awadhi FH, Gao B, Rezaei MA, Kwan JC, Li C, Ye T, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Discovery, Synthesis, Pharmacological Profiling, and Biological Characterization of Brintonamides A-E, Novel Dual Protease and GPCR Modulators from a Marine Cyanobacterium. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6364-6378. [PMID: 30015488 PMCID: PMC7341966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Five novel modified linear peptides named brintonamides A-E (1-5) were discovered from a marine cyanobacterial sample collected from Brinton Channel, Florida Keys. The total synthesis of 1-5 in addition to two other structurally related analogues (6 and 7) was achieved, which provided more material to allow rigorous biological evaluation and SAR studies. Compounds were subjected to cancer-focused phenotypic cell viability and migration assays and orthogonal target-based pharmacological screening platforms to identify their protease and GPCR modulatory activity profiles. The cancer related serine protease kallikrein 7 (KLK7) was inhibited to similar extents with an IC50 near 20 μM by both representative members 1 and 4, which differed in the presence or lack of the N-terminal unit. In contrast to the biochemical protease profiling study, clear SAR was observed in the functional GPCR screens, where five GPCRs in antagonist mode (CCR10, OXTR, SSTR3, TACR2) and agonist mode (CXCR7) were modulated by compounds 1-7 to varying extents. Chemokine receptor type 10 (CCR10) was potently modulated by brintonamide D (4) with an IC50 of 0.44 μM. We performed in silico modeling to understand the structural basis underlying the differences in the antagonistic activity among brintonamides toward CCR10. Because of the significance of KLK7 and CCR10 in cancer progression and metastasis, we demonstrated the ability of brintonamide D (4) at 10 μM to significantly target downstream cellular substrates of KLK7 (Dsg-2 and E-cad) in vitro and to inhibit CCL27-induced CCR10-mediated proliferation and the migration of highly invasive breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H. Al-Awadhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Bowen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mohammad A. Rezaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jason C. Kwan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Valerie J. Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station, Fort Pierce, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, Florida 34949, United States
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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24
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Regueiras A, Pereira S, Costa MS, Vasconcelos V. Differential Toxicity of Cyanobacteria Isolated from Marine Sponges towards Echinoderms and Crustaceans. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10070297. [PMID: 30021957 PMCID: PMC6071129 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10070297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges and cyanobacteria have a long history of co-evolution, with documented genome adaptations in cyanobionts. Both organisms are known to produce a wide variety of natural compounds, with only scarce information about novel natural compounds produced by cyanobionts. In the present study, we aimed to address their toxicological potential, isolating cyanobacteria (n = 12) from different sponge species from the coast of Portugal (mainland, Azores, and Madeira Islands). After large-scale growth, we obtained both organic and aqueous extracts to perform a series of ecologically-relevant bioassays. In the acute toxicity assay, using nauplii of Artemia salina, only organic extracts showed lethality, especially in picocyanobacterial strains. In the bioassay with Paracentrotus lividus, both organic and aqueous extracts produced embryogenic toxicity (respectively 58% and 36%), pointing to the presence of compounds that interfere with growth factors on cells. No development of pluteus larvae was observed for the organic extract of the strain Chroococcales 6MA13ti, indicating the presence of compounds that affect skeleton formation. In the hemolytic assay, none of the extracts induced red blood cells lysis. Organic extracts, especially from picoplanktonic strains, proved to be the most promising for future bioassay-guided fractionation and compounds isolation. This approach allows us to classify the compounds extracted from the cyanobacteria into effect categories and bioactivity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Regueiras
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology-Centre of Environmental and Marine Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Sciences Faculty, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Pereira
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology-Centre of Environmental and Marine Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal.
| | - Maria Sofia Costa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology-Centre of Environmental and Marine Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal.
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Hagi, Hofsvallagata 53, Reykjavik 107, Iceland.
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology-Centre of Environmental and Marine Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Sciences Faculty, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.
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25
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Affe HMDJ, Rigonato J, Nunes JMDC, Menezes M. Metagenomic Analysis of Cyanobacteria in an Oligotrophic Tropical Estuary, South Atlantic. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1393. [PMID: 29997603 PMCID: PMC6029486 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the species composition, distribution, and functional profiles of cyanobacteria in Camamu Bay, a tropical oligotrophic estuarine system on the northeast coast of Brazil, using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Surface-water samples were evaluated in two different rainfall periods (rainy and dry seasons), at nine stations in the three hydrodynamic regions of the bay. At a fixed sampling station, on each season, samples were taken over a tidal cycle at 3-h intervals over 12 h. A total of 219 cyanobacterial taxa were identified, demonstrating a diverse community of freshwater, euryhaline, and marine cyanobacteria. The genera of greater relative abundance, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, corresponded to the picoplankton fraction. Although Camamu Bay has conspicuous marine characteristics, the contribution of freshwater during the rainy season caused variation in cyanobacteria community, with an increase in species richness. Due the high prevalence of Synechococcus (90% of the sequences), the functional analysis revealed only minor differences in gene content between the dry and rainy seasons. In both rainy and dry seasons, an increase in Prochlorococcus relative abundance occurred during high tide, demonstrating the tidal influence in the bay. The environmental characteristics of the bay provide niche conditions for a wide variety of cyanobacteria, including freshwater, euryhaline, and marine strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M de Jesus Affe
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Janaina Rigonato
- Centro de Energia Nuclear e Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.,CEA, Centre de Sequençage Genoscope, Institut de Biologie François Jacob, Evry, France
| | - José M de Castro Nunes
- Laboratório de Algas Marinhas, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariângela Menezes
- Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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26
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Al-Awadhi FH, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Structural Diversity and Anticancer Activity of Marine-Derived Elastase Inhibitors: Key Features and Mechanisms Mediating the Antimetastatic Effects in Invasive Breast Cancer. Chembiochem 2018; 19:815-825. [PMID: 29405541 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three new 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2-piperidone (Ahp)-containing cyclic depsipeptides, named loggerpeptins A-C (1-3), along with molassamide (4), were discovered from a marine cyanobacterium, extending the structural diversity of this prevalent scaffold of cyanobacterial serine protease inhibitors. Molassamide, which contains a 2-amino-butenoic (Abu) unit in the cyclic core, was the most potent and selective analogue against human neutrophil elastase (HNE). Given the growing evidence supporting the role of HNE in breast cancer progression and metastasis, we assessed the cellular effects of compounds 3 and 4 in the context of targeting invasive breast cancer. Both compounds inhibited cleavage of the elastase substrate CD40 in biochemical assays; however, only 4 exhibited significant cellular activity. As CD40 and other receptor proteolytic processing culminates in NFκB activation, we assessed the effects of 4 on the expression of target genes, including ICAM-1. ICAM-1 is also a direct target of elastase and, in our studies, compound 4 attenuated both elastase-induced ICAM-1 gene expression and ICAM-1 proteolytic processing by elastase, revealing a potential dual effect on migration through modulation of gene expression and proteolytic processing. Molassamide also specifically inhibited the elastase-mediated migration of highly invasive triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H Al-Awadhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
| | - Valerie J Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, FL, 34949, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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27
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Grébert T, Doré H, Partensky F, Farrant GK, Boss ES, Picheral M, Guidi L, Pesant S, Scanlan DJ, Wincker P, Acinas SG, Kehoe DM, Garczarek L. Light color acclimation is a key process in the global ocean distribution of Synechococcus cyanobacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2010-9. [PMID: 29440402 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1717069115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Synechococcus cyanobacteria are major contributors to global oceanic primary production and exhibit a unique diversity of photosynthetic pigments, allowing them to exploit a wide range of light niches. However, the relationship between pigment content and niche partitioning has remained largely undetermined due to the lack of a single-genetic marker resolving all pigment types (PTs). Here, we developed and employed a robust method based on three distinct marker genes (cpcBA, mpeBA, and mpeW) to estimate the relative abundance of all known Synechococcus PTs from metagenomes. Analysis of the Tara Oceans dataset allowed us to reveal the global distribution of Synechococcus PTs and to define their environmental niches. Green-light specialists (PT 3a) dominated in warm, green equatorial waters, whereas blue-light specialists (PT 3c) were particularly abundant in oligotrophic areas. Type IV chromatic acclimaters (CA4-A/B), which are able to dynamically modify their light absorption properties to maximally absorb green or blue light, were unexpectedly the most abundant PT in our dataset and predominated at depth and high latitudes. We also identified populations in which CA4 might be nonfunctional due to the lack of specific CA4 genes, notably in warm high-nutrient low-chlorophyll areas. Major ecotypes within clades I-IV and CRD1 were preferentially associated with a particular PT, while others exhibited a wide range of PTs. Altogether, this study provides important insights into the ecology of Synechococcus and highlights the complex interactions between vertical phylogeny, pigmentation, and environmental parameters that shape Synechococcus community structure and evolution.
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28
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Sueyoshi K, Yamano A, Ozaki K, Sumimoto S, Iwasaki A, Suenaga K, Teruya T. Three New Malyngamides from the Marine Cyanobacterium Moorea producens. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15120367. [PMID: 29186048 PMCID: PMC5742827 DOI: 10.3390/md15120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new compounds of the malyngamide series, 6,8-di-O-acetylmalyngamide 2 (1), 6-O-acetylmalyngamide 2 (2), and N-demethyl-isomalyngamide I (3), were isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Moorea producens. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and chemical derivatization and degradation. These compounds stimulated glucose uptake in cultured L6 myotubes. In particular, 6,8-di-O-acetylmalyngamide 2 (1) showed potent activity and activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Sueyoshi
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Aki Yamano
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Kaori Ozaki
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
| | - Shimpei Sumimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Arihiro Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Kiyotake Suenaga
- Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Teruya
- Faculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
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29
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Abstract
Cyanobacteria have attracted significant interest as a platform for renewable production of fuel and feedstock chemicals from abundant atmospheric carbon dioxide by way of photosynthesis. While great strides have been made in developing this technology in freshwater cyanobacteria, logistical issues remain in scale-up. Use of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 (7002) as a chemical production chassis could address a number of these issues given the higher tolerance to salt, light, and heat as well as the fast growth rate of 7002 in comparison to traditional model cyanobacteria such as Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. However, despite growing interest, the development of genetic engineering tools for 7002 continues to lag behind those available for model cyanobacterial strains. In this work we demonstrate the systematic development of a 7002 production strain for the feedstock chemical 2,3-butanediol (23BD). We expand the range of tools available for use in 7002 by identifying and utilizing new integration sites for homologous recombination, demonstrating the inducibility of theophylline riboswitches, and screening a set of isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) inducible promoters. We then demonstrate improvements of 23BD production with the systematic screening of different conditions including: operon arrangement and copy number, light strength, inducer concentration, cell density at the time of induction, and nutrient concentration. Final production tests yielded titers of 1.6 g/L 23BD after 16 days at a rate of 100 mg/L/day. This work represents great strides in the development of 7002 as an industrially relevant production host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. Nozzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Anna E. Case
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Austin L. Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Shota Atsumi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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30
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Al-Awadhi FH, Salvador LA, Law BK, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Kempopeptin C, a Novel Marine-Derived Serine Protease Inhibitor Targeting Invasive Breast Cancer. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E290. [PMID: 28926939 PMCID: PMC5618429 DOI: 10.3390/md15090290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Kempopeptin C, a novel chlorinated analogue of kempopeptin B, was discovered from a marine cyanobacterium collected from Kemp Channel in Florida. The structure was elucidated using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). The presence of the basic Lys residue adjacent to the N-terminus of the 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2-piperidone (Ahp) moiety contributed to its selectivity towards trypsin and related proteases. The antiproteolytic activity of kempopeptin C was evaluated against trypsin, plasmin and matriptase and found to inhibit these enzymes with IC50 values of 0.19, 0.36 and 0.28 μM, respectively. Due to the significance of these proteases in cancer progression and metastasis, as well as their functional redundancy with respect to targeting overlapping substrates, we examined the effect of kempopeptin C on the downstream cellular substrates of matriptase: CDCP1 and desmoglein-2 (Dsg-2). Kempopeptin C was shown to inhibit the cleavage of both substrates in vitro. Additionally, kempopeptin C reduced the cleavage of CDCP1 in MDA-MB-231 cells up to 10 µM. The functional relevance of targeting matriptase and related proteases was investigated by assessing the effect of kempopeptin C on the migration of breast cancer cells. Kempopeptin C inhibited the migration of the invasive MDA-MB-231 cells by 37 and 60% at 10 and 20 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma H Al-Awadhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Lilibeth A Salvador
- Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1100, Philippines.
| | - Brian K Law
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Valerie J Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, FL 34949, USA.
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Domínguez-Martín MA, Gómez-Baena G, Díez J, López-Grueso MJ, Beynon RJ, García-Fernández JM. Quantitative Proteomics Shows Extensive Remodeling Induced by Nitrogen Limitation in Prochlorococcusmarinus SS120. mSystems 2017; 2:e00008-17. [PMID: 28593196 DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00008-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prochlorococcus requires the capability to accommodate to environmental changes in order to proliferate in oligotrophic oceans, in particular regarding nitrogen availability. A precise knowledge of the composition and changes in the proteome can yield fundamental insights into such a response. Here we report a detailed proteome analysis of the important model cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120 after treatment with azaserine, an inhibitor of ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (GOGAT), to simulate extreme nitrogen starvation. In total, 1,072 proteins, corresponding to 57% of the theoretical proteome, were identified-the maximum proteome coverage obtained for any Prochlorococcus strain thus far. Spectral intensity, calibrated quantification by the Hi3 method, was obtained for 1,007 proteins. Statistically significant changes (P value of <0.05) were observed for 408 proteins, with the majority of proteins (92.4%) downregulated after 8 h of treatment. There was a strong decrease in ribosomal proteins upon azaserine addition, while many transporters were increased. The regulatory proteins PII and PipX were decreased, and the global nitrogen regulator NtcA was upregulated. Furthermore, our data for Prochlorococcus indicate that NtcA also participates in the regulation of photosynthesis. Prochlorococcus responds to the lack of nitrogen by slowing down translation, while inducing photosynthetic cyclic electron flow and biosynthesis of proteins involved in nitrogen uptake and assimilation. IMPORTANCEProchlorococcus is the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth, contributing significantly to global primary production and playing a prominent role in biogeochemical cycles. Here we study the effects of extreme nitrogen limitation, a feature of the oligotrophic oceans inhabited by this organism. Quantitative proteomics allowed an accurate quantification of the Prochlorococcus proteome, finding three main responses to nitrogen limitation: upregulation of nitrogen assimilation-related proteins, including transporters; downregulation of ribosome proteins; and induction of the photosystem II cyclic electron flow. This suggests that nitrogen limitation affects a range of metabolic processes far wider than initially believed, with the ultimate goal of saving nitrogen and maximizing the nitrogen uptake and assimilation capabilities of the cell.
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Mi Y, Zhang J, He S, Yan X. New Peptides Isolated from Marine Cyanobacteria, an Overview over the Past Decade. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E132. [PMID: 28475149 DOI: 10.3390/md15050132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria are significant sources of structurally diverse marine natural products with broad biological activities. In the past 10 years, excellent progress has been made in the discovery of marine cyanobacteria-derived peptides with diverse chemical structures. Most of these peptides exhibit strong pharmacological activities, such as neurotoxicity and cytotoxicity. In the present review, we summarized peptides isolated from marine cyanobacteria since 2007.
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Muñoz-Marín MDC, Gómez-Baena G, Díez J, Beynon RJ, González-Ballester D, Zubkov MV, García-Fernández JM. Glucose Uptake in Prochlorococcus: Diversity of Kinetics and Effects on the Metabolism. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:327. [PMID: 28337178 PMCID: PMC5340979 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that Prochlorococcus sp. SS120 strain takes up glucose by using a multiphasic transporter encoded by the Pro1404 gene. Here, we studied the glucose uptake kinetics in multiple Prochlorococcus strains from different ecotypes, observing diverse values for the Ks constants (15–126.60 nM) and the uptake rates (0.48–6.36 pmol min-1 mg prot-1). Multiphasic kinetics was observed in all studied strains, except for TAK9803-2. Pro1404 gene expression studies during the 21st Atlantic Meridional Transect cruise showed positive correlation with glucose concentrations in the ocean. This suggests that the Pro1404 transporter has been subjected to diversification along the Prochlorococcus evolution, in a process probably driven by the glucose availabilities at the different niches it inhabits. The glucose uptake mechanism seems to be a primary transporter. Glucose addition induced detectable transcriptomic and proteomic changes in Prochlorococcus SS120, but photosynthetic efficiency was unaffected. Our studies indicate that glucose is actively taken up by Prochlorococcus, but its uptake does not significantly alter the trophic ways of this cyanobacterium, which continues performing photosynthesis. Therefore Prochlorococcus seems to remain acting as a fundamentally phototrophic organism, capable of using glucose as an extra resource of carbon and energy when available in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Muñoz-Marín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Gómez-Baena
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
| | - Jesús Díez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | - Robert J Beynon
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool Liverpool, UK
| | - David González-Ballester
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - José M García-Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, Universidad de Córdoba Córdoba, Spain
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Mahmoud RM, Sanfilippo JE, Nguyen AA, Strnat JA, Partensky F, Garczarek L, Abo El Kassem N, Kehoe DM, Schluchter WM. Adaptation to Blue Light in Marine Synechococcus Requires MpeU, an Enzyme with Similarity to Phycoerythrobilin Lyase Isomerases. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:243. [PMID: 28270800 PMCID: PMC5318389 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Synechococcus has successfully adapted to environments with different light colors, which likely contributes to this genus being the second most abundant group of microorganisms worldwide. Populations of Synechococcus that grow in deep, blue ocean waters contain large amounts of the blue-light absorbing chromophore phycourobilin (PUB) in their light harvesting complexes (phycobilisomes). Here, we show that all Synechococcus strains adapted to blue light possess a gene called mpeU. MpeU is structurally similar to phycobilin lyases, enzymes that ligate chromophores to phycobiliproteins. Interruption of mpeU caused a reduction in PUB content, impaired phycobilisome assembly and reduced growth rate more strongly in blue than green light. When mpeU was reintroduced in the mpeU mutant background, the mpeU-less phenotype was complemented in terms of PUB content and phycobilisome content. Fluorescence spectra of mpeU mutant cells and purified phycobilisomes revealed red-shifted phycoerythrin emission peaks, likely indicating a defect in chromophore ligation to phycoerythrin-I (PE-I) or phycoerythrin-II (PE-II). Our results suggest that MpeU is a lyase-isomerase that attaches a phycoerythrobilin to a PEI or PEII subunit and isomerizes it to PUB. MpeU is therefore an important determinant in adaptation of Synechococcus spp. to capture photons in blue light environments throughout the world’s oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M Mahmoud
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, BloomingtonIN, USA; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of FayoumFayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Adam A Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New OrleansLA, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New OrleansLA, USA
| | - Johann A Strnat
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington IN, USA
| | - Frédéric Partensky
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie University Paris 06, UMR 7144 Roscoff, France
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie University Paris 06, UMR 7144 Roscoff, France
| | - Nabil Abo El Kassem
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Fayoum Fayoum, Egypt
| | - David M Kehoe
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, BloomingtonIN, USA; Indiana Molecular Biology Institute, Indiana University, BloomingtonIN, USA
| | - Wendy M Schluchter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New OrleansLA, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New OrleansLA, USA
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Zimba PV, Huang IS, Foley JE, Linton EW. Identification of a new-to-science cyanobacterium, Toxifilum mysidocida gen. nov. & sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Cyanophyceae). J Phycol 2017; 53:188-197. [PMID: 27809340 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria occupy many niches within terrestrial, planktonic, and benthic habitats. The diversity of habitats colonized, similarity of morphology, and phenotypic plasticity all contribute to the difficulty of cyanobacterial identification. An unknown marine filamentous cyanobacterium was isolated from an aquatic animal rearing facility having mysid mortality events. The cyanobacterium originated from Corpus Christi Bay, TX. Filaments are rarely solitary, benthic mat forming, unbranched, and narrowing at the ends. Cells are 2.1 × 3.1 μm (width × length). Thylakoids are peripherally arranged on the outer third of the cell; cyanophycin granules and polyphosphate bodies are present. Molecular phylogenetic analysis in addition to morphology (transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy) and chemical composition all confirm it as a new genus and species we name Toxifilum mysidocida. At least one identified Leptolyngbya appears (based on genetic evidence and TEM) to belong to this new genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V Zimba
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5866, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412, USA
| | - I-Shuo Huang
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5866, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412, USA
| | - Jennifer E Foley
- Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, 48859, USA
| | - Eric W Linton
- Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, 48859, USA
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Chai QY, Yang Z, Lin HW, Han BN. Alkynyl-Containing Peptides of Marine Origin: A Review. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E216. [PMID: 27886049 DOI: 10.3390/md14110216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1990s, a number of terminal alkynyl residue-containing cyclic/acyclic peptides have been identified from marine organisms, especially cyanobacteria and marine mollusks. This review has presented 66 peptides, which covers over 90% marine peptides with terminal alkynyl fatty acyl units. In fact, more than 90% of these peptides described in the literature are of cyanobacterial origin. Interestingly, all the linear peptides featured with terminal alkyne were solely discovered from marine cyanobacteria. The objective of this article is to provide an overview on the types, structural characterization of these unusual terminal alkynyl fatty acyl units, as well as the sources and biological functions of their composed peptides. Many of these peptides have a variety of biological activities, including antitumor, antibacterial, antimalarial, etc. Further, we have also discussed the evident biosynthetic origin responsible for formation of terminal alkynes of natural PKS (polyketide synthase)/NRPS (nonribosome peptide synthetase) hybrids.
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Freitas S, Martins R, Costa M, Leão PN, Vitorino R, Vasconcelos V, Urbatzka R. Hierridin B Isolated from a Marine Cyanobacterium Alters VDAC1, Mitochondrial Activity, and Cell Cycle Genes on HT-29 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14090158. [PMID: 27589771 PMCID: PMC5039529 DOI: 10.3390/md14090158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hierridin B was isolated from a marine cyanobacterium Cyanobium sp. strain and induced cytotoxicity selectively in HT-29 adenocarcinoma cells. The underlying molecular mechanism was not yet elucidated. Methods: HT-29 cells were exposed to the IC50 concentration of hierridin B (100.2 μM) for 48 h. Non-targeted proteomics was performed using 2D gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. The mRNA expression of apoptotic and cell cycle genes were analyzed by real-time PCR. Automated quantification of 160 cytoplasm and mitochondrial parameter was done by fluorescence microscopy using CellProfiler software. Results: Proteomics identified 21 significant different proteins, which belonged to protein folding/synthesis and cell structure amongst others. Increase of VDAC1 protein responsible for formation of mitochondrial channels was confirmed by mRNA expression. A 10-fold decrease of cytoskeleton proteins (STMN1, TBCA) provided a link to alterations of the cell cycle. CCNB1 and CCNE mRNA were decreased two-fold, and P21CIP increased 10-fold, indicative of cell cycle arrest. Morphological analysis of mitochondrial parameter confirmed a reduced mitochondrial activity. Conclusion: Hierridin B is a potential anticancer compound that targets mitochondrial activity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freitas
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosário Martins
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
- Health and Environmental Research Center (CISA), School of Apllied Health Sciences of Porto, Polytechnic Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Margarida Costa
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Pedro N Leão
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ralph Urbatzka
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
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Domínguez-Martín MA, Díez J, García-Fernández JM. Physiological Studies of Glutamine Synthetases I and III from Synechococcus sp. WH7803 Reveal Differential Regulation. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:969. [PMID: 27446010 PMCID: PMC4923085 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine picocyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. WH7803 possesses two glutamine synthetases (GSs; EC 6.3.1.2), GSI encoded by glnA and GSIII encoded by glnN. This is the first work addressing the physiological regulation of both enzymes in a marine cyanobacterial strain. The increase of GS activity upon nitrogen starvation was similar to that found in other model cyanobacteria. However, an unusual response was found when cells were grown under darkness: the GS activity was unaffected, reflecting adaptation to the environment where they thrive. On the other hand, we found that GSIII did not respond to nitrogen availability, in sharp contrast with the results observed for this enzyme in other cyanobacteria thus far studied. These features suggest that GS activities in Synechococcus sp. WH7803 represent an intermediate step in the evolution of cyanobacteria, in a process of regulatory streamlining where GSI lost the regulation by light, while GSIII lost its responsiveness to nitrogen. This is in good agreement with the phylogeny of Synechococcus sp. WH7803 in the context of the marine cyanobacterial radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José M. García-Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CEIA3, Universidad de CórdobaCórdoba, Spain
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Abstract
Two geometric isomers related to pitiamide A, termed 1E-pitiamide B (1) and 1Z-pitiamide B (2), were isolated from a marine cyanobacterium collected from the shallow reef flat at Piti Bomb Holes, Guam, Mariana Islands. The structures of these analogues were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Pitiamide A, which has been previously described, but has not been investigated in bioassays, was co-isolated. Pitiamides A and B were subjected to a biological evaluation and they both showed antiproliferative effects on HCT116 cells with IC50 values of 1-5 µM. Pitiamide A was investigated individually and caused plasma membrane hyperpolarization and an increase of intracellular calcium in HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Cai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - James H. Matthews
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | | | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
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Sanfilippo JE, Nguyen AA, Karty JA, Shukla A, Schluchter WM, Garczarek L, Partensky F, Kehoe DM. Self-regulating genomic island encoding tandem regulators confers chromatic acclimation to marine Synechococcus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:6077-82. [PMID: 27152022 PMCID: PMC4889380 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1600625113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary success of marine Synechococcus, the second-most abundant phototrophic group in the marine environment, is partly attributable to this group's ability to use the entire visible spectrum of light for photosynthesis. This group possesses a remarkable diversity of light-harvesting pigments, and most of the group's members are orange and pink because of their use of phycourobilin and phycoerythrobilin chromophores, which are attached to antennae proteins called phycoerythrins. Many strains can alter phycoerythrin chromophore ratios to optimize photon capture in changing blue-green environments using type IV chromatic acclimation (CA4). Although CA4 is common in most marine Synechococcus lineages, the regulation of this process remains unexplored. Here, we show that a widely distributed genomic island encoding tandem master regulators named FciA (for type four chromatic acclimation island) and FciB plays a central role in controlling CA4. FciA and FciB have diametric effects on CA4. Interruption of fciA causes a constitutive green light phenotype, and interruption of fciB causes a constitutive blue light phenotype. These proteins regulate all of the molecular responses occurring during CA4, and the proteins' activity is apparently regulated posttranscriptionally, although their cellular ratio appears to be critical for establishing the set point for the blue-green switch in ecologically relevant light environments. Surprisingly, FciA and FciB coregulate only three genes within the Synechococcus genome, all located within the same genomic island as fciA and fciB These findings, along with the widespread distribution of strains possessing this island, suggest that horizontal transfer of a small, self-regulating DNA region has conferred CA4 capability to marine Synechococcus throughout many oceanic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam A Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148; Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148
| | - Jonathan A Karty
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Animesh Shukla
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Wendy M Schluchter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148; Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie University Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique, Plankton Group, 29688 Roscoff, France
| | - Frédéric Partensky
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie University Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7144, Station Biologique, Plankton Group, 29688 Roscoff, France
| | - David M Kehoe
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405; Indiana Molecular Biology Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
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Kretz CB, Bell DW, Lomas DA, Lomas MW, Martiny AC. Influence of growth rate on the physiological response of marine Synechococcus to phosphate limitation. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:85. [PMID: 25717321 PMCID: PMC4324148 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphate (P) is an important nutrient potentially limiting for primary productivity, yet, we currently know little about the relationship between growth rate and physiological response to P limitation in abundant marine Cyanobacteria. Thus, the aim of this research was to determine how variation in growth rate affected the physiology of marine Synechococcus WH8102 and CC9311 when growing under high N:P conditions. Experiments were carried out in chemostats with a media input N:P of 441 and we estimated the half saturation concentration for growth under P limiting conditions (K s,p ) and cellular C:N:P ratios. The K s,p values were the lowest measured for any phytoplankton and on par with ambient P concentrations in oligotrophic regions. We also observed that both strains were able draw down P below 3 nM. Both K s,p and drawdown concentration were lower for the open ocean vs. coastal Synechococcus strain, which may be linked to differences in P acquisition genes in these strains. Cellular C:P and N:P ratios were significantly higher in relation to the Redfield ratio for both Synechococcus strains but we saw no difference in these ratios among growth rates or strains. These results demonstrate that Synechococcus can proliferate under very low P conditions and also that genetically different strains have unique physiological responses to P limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécilia B Kretz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Doug W Bell
- Marine Science Program, School of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of South Carolina Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Debra A Lomas
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Michael W Lomas
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences East Boothbay, ME, USA
| | - Adam C Martiny
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine Irvine, CA, USA ; Department of Earth System Science, University of California Irvine Irvine, CA, USA
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Maeda SI, Murakami A, Ito H, Tanaka A, Omata T. Functional Characterization of the FNT Family Nitrite Transporter of Marine Picocyanobacteria. Life (Basel) 2015; 5:432-46. [PMID: 25809962 PMCID: PMC4390861 DOI: 10.3390/life5010432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the cyanobacterial species found in marine and saline environments have a gene encoding a putative nitrite transporter of the formate/nitrite transporter (FNT) family. The presumed function of the gene (designated nitM) was confirmed by functional expression of the gene from the coastal marine species Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7002 in the nitrite-transport-less mutant (NA4) of the freshwater cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC7942. The NitM-mediated nitrite uptake showed an apparent Km (NO2-) of about 8 μM and was not inhibited by nitrate, cyanate or formate. Of the nitM orthologs from the three oceanic cyanobacterial species, which are classified as α-cyanobacteria on the basis of the occurrence of Type 1a RuBisCO, the one from Synechococcus sp. strain CC9605 conferred nitrite uptake activity on NA4, but those from Synechococcus sp. strain CC9311 and Prochlorococcus marinus strain MIT9313 did not. A strongly conserved hydrophilic amino acid sequence was found at the C-termini of the deduced NitM sequences from α-cyanobacteria, with a notable exception of the Synechococcus sp. strain CC9605 NitM protein, which entirely lacked the C-terminal amino acids. The C-terminal sequence was not conserved in the NitM proteins from β-cyanobacteria carrying the Type 1b RuBisCO, including the one from Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7002. Expression of the truncated nitM genes from Synechococcus sp. strain CC9311 and Prochlorococcus marinus strain MIT9313, encoding the proteins lacking the conserved C-terminal region, conferred nitrite uptake activity on the NA4 mutant, indicating that the C-terminal region of α-cyanobacterial NitM proteins inhibits the activity of the transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Maeda
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076 Japan.
| | - Akio Murakami
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076 Japan.
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Awaji, Hyogo 656-2401, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Ito
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076 Japan.
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan.
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076 Japan.
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Omata
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076 Japan.
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Humily F, Farrant GK, Marie D, Partensky F, Mazard S, Perennou M, Labadie K, Aury JM, Wincker P, Segui AN, Scanlan DJ, Garczarek L. Development of a targeted metagenomic approach to study a genomic region involved in light harvesting in marine Synechococcus. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 88:231-49. [PMID: 24862161 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Synechococcus, one of the most abundant cyanobacteria in marine ecosystems, displays a broad pigment diversity. However, the in situ distribution of pigment types remains largely unknown. In this study, we combined flow cytometry cell sorting, whole-genome amplification, and fosmid library construction to target a genomic region involved in light-harvesting complex (phycobilisome) biosynthesis and regulation. Synechococcus community composition and relative contamination by heterotrophic bacteria were assessed at each step of the pipeline using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism targeting the petB and 16S rRNA genes, respectively. This approach allowed us to control biases inherent to each method and select reliable WGA products to construct a fosmid library from a natural sample collected off Roscoff (France). Sequencing of 25 fosmids containing the targeted region led to the assembly of whole or partial phycobilisome regions. Most contigs were assigned to clades I and IV consistent with the known dominance of these clades in temperate coastal waters. However, one of the fosmids contained genes distantly related to their orthologs in reference genomes, suggesting that it belonged to a novel phylogenetic clade. Altogether, this study provides novel insights into Synechococcus community structure and pigment type diversity at a representative coastal station of the English Channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Humily
- UPMC-Université Paris VI, Station Biologique, Roscoff Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 7144 Adaptation and Diversity in the Marine Environment, Oceanic Plankton Group, Marine Phototrophic Prokaryotes Team, Roscoff Cedex, France
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Bench SR, Heller P, Frank I, Arciniega M, Shilova IN, Zehr JP. Whole genome comparison of six Crocosphaera watsonii strains with differing phenotypes. J Phycol 2013; 49:786-801. [PMID: 27007210 PMCID: PMC5945289 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Crocosphaera watsonii, a unicellular nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium found in oligotrophic oceans, is important in marine carbon and nitrogen cycles. Isolates of C. watsonii can be separated into at least two phenotypes with environmentally important differences, indicating possibly distinct ecological roles and niches. To better understand the evolutionary history and variation in metabolic capabilities among strains and phenotypes, this study compared the genomes of six C. watsonii strains, three from each phenotypic group, which had been isolated over several decades from multiple ocean basins. While a substantial portion of each genome was nearly identical to sequences in the other strains, a few regions were identified as specific to each strain and phenotype, some of which help explain observed phenotypic features. Overall, the small-cell type strains had smaller genomes and a relative loss of genetic capabilities, while the large-cell type strains were characterized by larger genomes, some genetic redundancy, and potentially increased adaptations to iron and phosphorus limitation. As such, strains with shared phenotypes were evolutionarily more closely related than those with the opposite phenotype, regardless of isolation location or date. Unexpectedly, the genome of the type-strain for the species, C. watsonii WH8501, was quite unusual even among strains with a shared phenotype, indicating it may not be an ideal representative of the species. The genome sequences and analyses reported in this study will be important for future investigations of the proposed differences in adaptation of the two phenotypes to nutrient limitation, and to identify phenotype-specific distributions in natural Crocosphaera populations.
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Muñoz-Marín Mdel C, Luque I, Zubkov MV, Hill PG, Diez J, García-Fernández JM. Prochlorococcus can use the Pro1404 transporter to take up glucose at nanomolar concentrations in the Atlantic Ocean. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:8597-602. [PMID: 23569224 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221775110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prochlorococcus is responsible for a significant part of CO2 fixation in the ocean. Although it was long considered an autotrophic cyanobacterium, the uptake of organic compounds has been reported, assuming they were sources of limited biogenic elements. We have shown in laboratory experiments that Prochlorococcus can take up glucose. However, the mechanisms of glucose uptake and its occurrence in the ocean have not been shown. Here, we report that the gene Pro1404 confers capability for glucose uptake in Prochlorococcus marinus SS120. We used a cyanobacterium unable to take up glucose to engineer strains that express the Pro1404 gene. These recombinant strains were capable of specific glucose uptake over a wide range of glucose concentrations, showing multiphasic transport kinetics. The Ks constant of the high affinity phase was in the nanomolar range, consistent with the average concentration of glucose in the ocean. Furthermore, we were able to observe glucose uptake by Prochlorococcus in the central Atlantic Ocean, where glucose concentrations were 0.5-2.7 nM. Our results suggest that Prochlorococcus are primary producers capable of tuning their metabolism to energetically benefit from environmental conditions, taking up not only organic compounds with key limiting elements in the ocean, but also molecules devoid of such elements, like glucose.
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Costa M, Costa-Rodrigues J, Fernandes MH, Barros P, Vasconcelos V, Martins R. Marine cyanobacteria compounds with anticancer properties: a review on the implication of apoptosis. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:2181-2207. [PMID: 23170077 PMCID: PMC3497016 DOI: 10.3390/md10102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine cyanobacteria have been considered a rich source of secondary metabolites with potential biotechnological applications, namely in the pharmacological field. Chemically diverse compounds were found to induce cytoxicity, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. The potential of marine cyanobacteria as anticancer agents has however been the most explored and, besides cytotoxicity in tumor cell lines, several compounds have emerged as templates for the development of new anticancer drugs. The mechanisms implicated in the cytotoxicity of marine cyanobacteria compounds in tumor cell lines are still largely overlooked but several studies point to an implication in apoptosis. This association has been related to several apoptotic indicators such as cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative damage, alterations in caspase cascade, alterations in specific proteins levels and alterations in the membrane sodium dynamics. In the present paper a compilation of the described marine cyanobacterial compounds with potential anticancer properties is presented and a review on the implication of apoptosis as the mechanism of cell death is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Costa
- Marine and Environmental Research Center—CIIMAR/CIMAR, Porto University, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (V.V.)
| | - João Costa-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Biocompatibility, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Porto University, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.-R.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Cellular Biocompatibility, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Porto University, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.-R.); (M.H.F.)
| | - Piedade Barros
- Centre of Health and Environmental Research—CISA, Superior School of Health Technology of Porto, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal;
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Marine and Environmental Research Center—CIIMAR/CIMAR, Porto University, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (V.V.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Porto University, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rosário Martins
- Marine and Environmental Research Center—CIIMAR/CIMAR, Porto University, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; (M.C.); (V.V.)
- Centre of Health and Environmental Research—CISA, Superior School of Health Technology of Porto, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Valente Perfeito, 322, 4400-330 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal;
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology—IBMC, Porto University, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +351-22-340-18-00; Fax: +351-22-339-06-08
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Mella-Flores D, Six C, Ratin M, Partensky F, Boutte C, Le Corguillé G, Marie D, Blot N, Gourvil P, Kolowrat C, Garczarek L. Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus have Evolved Different Adaptive Mechanisms to Cope with Light and UV Stress. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:285. [PMID: 23024637 PMCID: PMC3441193 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus, which numerically dominate vast oceanic areas, are the two most abundant oxygenic phototrophs on Earth. Although they require solar energy for photosynthesis, excess light and associated high UV radiations can induce high levels of oxidative stress that may have deleterious effects on their growth and productivity. Here, we compared the photophysiologies of the model strains Prochlorococcus marinus PCC 9511 and Synechococcus sp. WH7803 grown under a bell-shaped light/dark cycle of high visible light supplemented or not with UV. Prochlorococcus exhibited a higher sensitivity to photoinactivation than Synechococcus under both conditions, as shown by a larger drop of photosystem II (PSII) quantum yield at noon and different diel patterns of the D1 protein pool. In the presence of UV, the PSII repair rate was significantly depressed at noon in Prochlorococcus compared to Synechococcus. Additionally, Prochlorococcus was more sensitive than Synechococcus to oxidative stress, as shown by the different degrees of PSII photoinactivation after addition of hydrogen peroxide. A transcriptional analysis also revealed dramatic discrepancies between the two organisms in the diel expression patterns of several genes involved notably in the biosynthesis and/or repair of photosystems, light-harvesting complexes, CO(2) fixation as well as protection mechanisms against light, UV, and oxidative stress, which likely translate profound differences in their light-controlled regulation. Altogether our results suggest that while Synechococcus has developed efficient ways to cope with light and UV stress, Prochlorococcus cells seemingly survive stressful hours of the day by launching a minimal set of protection mechanisms and by temporarily bringing down several key metabolic processes. This study provides unprecedented insights into understanding the distinct depth distributions and dynamics of these two picocyanobacteria in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella Mella-Flores
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Christophe Six
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
| | - Morgane Ratin
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
| | - Frédéric Partensky
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
| | - Christophe Boutte
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
| | - Gildas Le Corguillé
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- CNRS, FR 2424, Service Informatique et GénomiqueRoscoff, France
| | - Dominique Marie
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
| | - Nicolas Blot
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
- Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, Clermont Université, Université Blaise PascalClermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, CNRS, UMR 6023Aubière, France
| | - Priscillia Gourvil
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
| | - Christian Kolowrat
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
- Center for Doctoral Studies, University of ViennaVienna, Austria
| | - Laurence Garczarek
- Station Biologique, UPMC-Université Paris VIRoscoff, France
- Groupe Plancton Océanique, CNRS, UMR 7144Roscoff, France
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Montaser R, Paul VJ, Luesch H. Pitipeptolides C-F, antimycobacterial cyclodepsipeptides from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula from Guam. Phytochemistry 2011; 72:2068-74. [PMID: 21843895 PMCID: PMC3176919 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pitipeptolides A (1) and B (2) are cyclic depsipeptides isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula from Piti Bomb Holes, Guam. Additional analogues have now been isolated by revisiting larger collections of the same cyanobacterium. The four identified analogues, pitipeptolides C-F (3-6), are the tetrahydro analogue (3), an analogue with a lower degree of methylation (4) as well as two homologues (5 and 6) of pitipeptolide A. Their structures were elucidated using 2D NMR experiments, chiral HPLC analysis and comparison with pitipeptolide A. The identified analogues showed weaker cytotoxic activities compared to the two major parent compounds, pitipeptolides A (1) and B (2), against HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma and MCF7 breast cancer cells. On the other hand, pitipeptolide F (6) was the most potent pitipeptolide in a disc diffusion assay against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The latter finding suggests that the structure of pitipeptolides could be optimized for selective antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Montaser
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | | | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
- Tel.: (352) 273-7738, Fax: (352) 273-7741.
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Post AF, Penno S, Zandbank K, Paytan A, Huse SM, Welch DM. Long term seasonal dynamics of synechococcus population structure in the gulf of aqaba, northern red sea. Front Microbiol 2011; 2:131. [PMID: 21734910 PMCID: PMC3122069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial patterns of marine Synechococcus diversity across ocean domains have been reported on extensively. However, much less is known of seasonal and multiannual patterns of change in Synechococcus community composition. Here we report on the genotypic diversity of Synechococcus populations in the Gulf of Aqaba, Northern Red Sea, over seven annual cycles of deep mixing and stabile stratification, using ntcA as a phylogenetic marker. Synechococcus clone libraries were dominated by clade II and XII genotypes and a total of eight different clades were identified. Inclusion of ntcA sequences from the Global Ocean Sampling database in our analyses identified members of clade XII from beyond the Gulf of Aqaba, extending its known distribution. Most of the Synechococcus diversity was attributed to members of clade II during the spring bloom, while clade III contributed significantly to diversity during summer stratification. Clade XII diversity was most prevalent in fall and winter. Clade abundances were estimated from pyrosequencing of the V6 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA. Members of clade II dominated Synechococcus communities throughout the year, whereas the less frequent genotypes showed a pattern of seasonal succession. Based on the prevailing nutritional conditions we observed that clade I members thrive at higher nutrient concentrations during winter mixing. Clades V, VI and X became apparent during the transition periods between mixing and stratification. Clade III became prominent during sumeer stratification. We propose that members of clades V, VI, and X, and clade III are Synechococcus ecotypes that are adapted to intermediate and low nutrient levels respectively. This is the first time that molecular analyses have correlated population dynamics of Synechococcus genotypes with temporal fluctuations in nutrient regimes. Since these Synechococcus genotypes are routinely observed in the Gulf of Aqaba we suggest that seasonal fluctuations in nutrient levels create temporal niches that sustain their coexistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton F Post
- Marine Biological Laboratory, The Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution Woods Hole, MA, USA
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Frazão B, Martins R, Vasconcelos V. Are known cyanotoxins involved in the toxicity of picoplanktonic and filamentous North Atlantic marine cyanobacteria? Mar Drugs 2010; 8:1908-19. [PMID: 20631874 DOI: 10.3390/md8061908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eight marine cyanobacteria strains of the genera Cyanobium, Leptolyngbya, Oscillatoria, Phormidium, and Synechococcus were isolated from rocky beaches along the Atlantic Portuguese central coast and tested for ecotoxicity. Strains were identified by morphological characteristics and by the amplification and sequentiation of the 16S rDNA. Bioactivity of dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous extracts was assessed by the Artemia salina bioassay. Peptide toxin production was screened by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Molecular analysis of the genes involved in the production of known cyanotoxins such as microcystins, nodularins and cylindrospermopsin was also performed. Strains were toxic to the brine shrimp A. salina nauplii with aqueous extracts being more toxic than the organic ones. Although mass spectrometry analysis did not reveal the production of microcystins or other known toxic peptides, a positive result for the presence of mcyE gene was found in one Leptolyngbya strain and one Oscillatoria strain. The extensive brine shrimp mortality points to the involvement of other unknown toxins, and the presence of a fragment of genes involved in the cyanotoxin production highlight the potential risk of cyanobacteria occurrence on the Atlantic coast.
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