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Garbo E, Del Rio B, Ferrari G, Cani M, Napoli VM, Bertaglia V, Capelletto E, Rolfo C, Novello S, Passiglia F. Exploring the Potential of Non-Coding RNAs as Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Screening: A Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4774. [PMID: 37835468 PMCID: PMC10571819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer represent the leading cause of cancer mortality, so several efforts have been focused on the development of a screening program. To address the issue of high overdiagnosis and false positive rates associated to LDCT-based screening, there is a need for new diagnostic biomarkers, with liquid biopsy ncRNAs detection emerging as a promising approach. In this scenario, this work provides an updated summary of the literature evidence about the role of non-coding RNAs in lung cancer screening. A literature search on PubMed was performed including studies which investigated liquid biopsy non-coding RNAs biomarker lung cancer patients and a control cohort. Micro RNAs were the most widely studied biomarkers in this setting but some preliminary evidence was found also for other non-coding RNAs, suggesting that a multi-biomarker based liquid biopsy approach could enhance their efficacy in the screening context. However, further studies are needed in order to optimize detection techniques as well as diagnostic accuracy before introducing novel biomarkers in the early diagnosis setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Garbo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Benedetta Del Rio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Giorgia Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Cani
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Valerio Maria Napoli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Valentina Bertaglia
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Enrica Capelletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Francesco Passiglia
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
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Sulewska A, Pilz L, Manegold C, Ramlau R, Charkiewicz R, Niklinski J. A Systematic Review of Progress toward Unlocking the Power of Epigenetics in NSCLC: Latest Updates and Perspectives. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060905. [PMID: 36980246 PMCID: PMC10047383 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic research has the potential to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer, specifically non-small-cell lung cancer, and support our efforts to personalize the management of the disease. Epigenetic alterations are expected to have relevance for early detection, diagnosis, outcome prediction, and tumor response to therapy. Additionally, epi-drugs as therapeutic modalities may lead to the recovery of genes delaying tumor growth, thus increasing survival rates, and may be effective against tumors without druggable mutations. Epigenetic changes involve DNA methylation, histone modifications, and the activity of non-coding RNAs, causing gene expression changes and their mutual interactions. This systematic review, based on 110 studies, gives a comprehensive overview of new perspectives on diagnostic (28 studies) and prognostic (25 studies) epigenetic biomarkers, as well as epigenetic treatment options (57 studies) for non-small-cell lung cancer. This paper outlines the crosstalk between epigenetic and genetic factors as well as elucidates clinical contexts including epigenetic treatments, such as dietary supplements and food additives, which serve as anti-carcinogenic compounds and regulators of cellular epigenetics and which are used to reduce toxicity. Furthermore, a future-oriented exploration of epigenetic studies in NSCLC is presented. The findings suggest that additional studies are necessary to comprehend the mechanisms of epigenetic changes and investigate biomarkers, response rates, and tailored combinations of treatments. In the future, epigenetics could have the potential to become an integral part of diagnostics, prognostics, and personalized treatment in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Lothar Pilz
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Manegold
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rodryg Ramlau
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (J.N.)
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Padinharayil H, Varghese J, John MC, Rajanikant GK, Wilson CM, Al-Yozbaki M, Renu K, Dewanjee S, Sanyal R, Dey A, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV, George A. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): Implications on molecular pathology and advances in early diagnostics and therapeutics. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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4
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Shaw P, Lokhotiya K, Kumarasamy C, Sunil K, Suresh D, Shetty S, Muthukaliannan GK, Baxi S, Mani RR, Sivanandy P, Chandramoorthy HC, Gupta MM, Samiappan S, Jayaraj R. Mapping Research on miRNAs in Cancer: A Global DataAnalysis and Bibliometric Profiling Analysis. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:66-80. [PMID: 35366290 PMCID: PMC8950962 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs biomarkers are emerging as an essential part of clinical oncology. Their oncogenic and tumour suppressor properties playing a role in malignancy has generated interest in their potential for use in disease prognosis. While several studies on miRNA have been carried out across the globe, evaluating the clinical implications of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis and prognosis research has currently not been attempted. A study delineating the area of miRNA research, including the topics presently being focused on, the seminal papers in this field, and the direction of research interest, does not exist. This study aims to conduct a large-scale, global data analysis and bibliometric profiling analysis of studies to evaluate the research output of clinical implications of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis and prognosis listed in the SCOPUS database. A systematic search strategy was followed to identify and extract all relevant studies, subsequently analysed to generate a bibliometric map. SPSS software (version 27) was used to calculate bibliometric indicators or parameters for analysis, such as year and country of affiliation with leading authors, journals, and institutions. It is also used to analyse annual research outputs, including total citations and the number of times it has been cited with productive nations and H-index. The number of global research articles retrieved for miRNA-Cancer research over the study period 2003 to 2019 was 18,636. Between 2012 and 2019, the growth rate of global publications is six times (n = 15,959; 90.71 percent articles) that of 2003 to 2011. (2704; 9.29 per cent articles). China published the most publications in the field of miRNA in cancer (n = 7782; 41%), while the United States had the most citations (n = 327,538; 48%) during the time span. Of these journals, Oncotarget has the highest percentage of article publications. The journal Cancer Research had the most citations (n = 41,876), with 6.20 per cent (n = 41,876). This study revealed a wide variety of journals in which miRNA-Cancer research are published; these bibliometric parameters exhibit crucial clinical information on performance assessment of research productivity and quality of research output. Therefore, this study provides a helpful reference for clinical oncologists, cancer scientists, policy decision-makers and clinical data researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Shaw
- Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China;
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin 0810, Australia
| | - Kartik Lokhotiya
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India; (K.L.); (G.K.M.)
| | - Chellan Kumarasamy
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia;
| | - Krishnan Sunil
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Deepa Suresh
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Sameep Shetty
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, A Constituent of MAHE, Manipal 576104, India;
| | | | - Siddhartha Baxi
- Genesis Care Gold Coast Radiation Oncologist, John Flynn Hospital, Tugun 4224, Australia;
| | - Ravishankar Ram Mani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Palanisamy Sivanandy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia;
| | - Harish C. Chandramoorthy
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 56000, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 3303, Trinidad and Tobago;
| | - Suja Samiappan
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India;
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- Northern Territory Institute of Research and Training, Tiwi 0810, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Zhong S, Golpon H, Zardo P, Borlak J. miRNAs in lung cancer. A systematic review identifies predictive and prognostic miRNA candidates for precision medicine in lung cancer. Transl Res 2021; 230:164-196. [PMID: 33253979 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and miRNAs play a key role in LC development. To better diagnose LC and to predict drug treatment responses we evaluated 228 articles encompassing 16,697 patients and 12,582 healthy controls. Based on the criteria of ≥3 independent studies and a sensitivity and specificity of >0.8 we found blood-borne miR-20a, miR-10b, miR-150, and miR-223 to be excellent diagnostic biomarkers for non-small cell LC whereas miR-205 is specific for squamous cell carcinoma. The systematic review also revealed 38 commonly regulated miRNAs in tumor tissue and the circulation, thus enabling the prediction of histological subtypes of LC. Moreover, theranostic biomarker candidates with proven responsiveness to checkpoint inhibitor treatments were identified, notably miR-34a, miR-93, miR-106b, miR-181a, miR-193a-3p, and miR-375. Conversely, miR-103a-3p, miR-152, miR-152-3p, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-194, miR-34b, and miR-506 influence programmed cell death-ligand 1 and programmed cell death-1 receptor expression, therefore providing a rationale for the development of molecularly targeted therapies. Furthermore, miR-21, miR-25, miR-27b, miR-19b, miR-125b, miR-146a, and miR-210 predicted response to platinum-based treatments. We also highlight controversial reports on specific miRNAs. In conclusion, we report diagnostic miRNA biomarkers for in-depth clinical evaluation. Furthermore, in an effort to avoid unnecessary toxicity we propose predictive biomarkers. The biomarker candidates support personalized treatment decisions of LC patients and await their confirmation in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhong
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Golpon
- Department of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Zardo
- Clinic for Cardiothoracic and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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6
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Adam-Artigues A, Garrido-Cano I, Simón S, Ortega B, Moragón S, Lameirinhas A, Constâncio V, Salta S, Burgués O, Bermejo B, Henrique R, Lluch A, Jerónimo C, Eroles P, Cejalvo JM. Circulating miR-30b-5p levels in plasma as a novel potential biomarker for early detection of breast cancer. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100039. [PMID: 33477007 PMCID: PMC7820029 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, microRNAs have been demonstrated to be potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis assessment or prediction of response to treatment in cancer. In this study, we evaluate the potential of miR-30b-5p as a biomarker for early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) in tissue and plasma. METHODS Expression of miR-30b-5p was determined in a series of 112 BC and 40 normal breast tissues. Circulating miR-30b-5p levels in plasma samples were determined in a discovery cohort of 38 BC patients and 40 healthy donors and in a validation cohort of 83 BC patients and 83 healthy volunteers. miR-30b-5p expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was carried out. RESULTS The miR-30b-5p expression was significantly lower in BC tissue than in healthy breast samples. In contrast, circulating miR-30b-5p levels were significantly higher in BC patients compared with healthy donors. Furthermore, circulating miR-30b-5p levels were significantly higher in patients with positive axillary lymph node and de novo metastatic patients. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated a good diagnostic potential of miR-30b-5p to detect BC even at an early stage of the disease. CONCLUSION Thus, we highlight the potential of miR-30b-5p as a non-invasive, fast, reproducible and cost-effective diagnostic biomarker of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S Simón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - B Ortega
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Moragón
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Lameirinhas
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - V Constâncio
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - S Salta
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
| | - O Burgués
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bermejo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - A Lluch
- Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - P Eroles
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, València, Spain.
| | - J M Cejalvo
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain; Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.
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Lv J, An J, Zhang YD, Li ZX, Zhao GL, Gao J, Hu WW, Chen HM, Li AM, Jiang QS. A three serum miRNA panel as diagnostic biomarkers of radiotherapy-related metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:236. [PMID: 32968458 PMCID: PMC7500041 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as noninvasive biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis. However, there are no sensitive and specific biomarkers for the detection of radiotherapy-related non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis. The present study aimed to investigate the role of three serum miRNAs, namely miRNA (miR)-130a, miR-25 and miR-191*, in diagnosing NSCLC, and their biological functions in radiation-mediated development of metastatic properties in A549 cells. To determine this, serum samples were collected from 84 patients with NSCLC and 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Differential expression of serum miRNAs was analyzed by quantitative PCR. Significant associations between miRNA expression and overall survival of patients with NSCLC were identified using the Cox proportional regression model. A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. The functions of miR-130a, miR-25 and miR-191* in lung cancer cells were studied by transfecting A549 cells with miRNA mimics and inhibitors. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-130a, miR-25 and miR-191* in the serum of patients with NSCLC were increased compared with those in healthy controls, and these increases were associated with advanced age (≥60 years), radiotherapy, histological type (squamous carcinoma), low survival rate and low median survival time. Additionally, irradiation induced the upregulation of miR-130a, miR-25 and miR-191* expression in A549 cells in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. Irradiation also promoted the invasiveness of A549 cells in vitro and metastasis in vivo. In conclusion, miR-130a, miR-25 and miR-191* may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of patients with NSCLC and may serve oncogenic roles in radiation-mediated metastasis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lv
- Research Department, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Juan An
- Department of Oncology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Dong Zhang
- Research Department, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Xia Li
- Department of Oncology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Li Zhao
- Health Management Division, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gao
- Research Department, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wei Hu
- Department of Endoscopy, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Huo-Ming Chen
- Department of Oncology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Min Li
- Research Department, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Sheng Jiang
- Research Department, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
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Reis PP, Drigo SA, Carvalho RF, Lopez Lapa RM, Felix TF, Patel D, Cheng D, Pintilie M, Liu G, Tsao MS. Circulating miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-451a in Plasma from Lung Cancer Patients: Potential Application in Early Detection and a Regulatory Role in Tumorigenesis Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2071. [PMID: 32726984 PMCID: PMC7465670 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micro(mi)RNAs, potent gene expression regulators associated with tumorigenesis, are stable, abundant circulating molecules, and detectable in plasma. Thus, miRNAs could potentially be useful in early lung cancer detection. We aimed to identify circulating miRNA signatures in plasma from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), and to verify whether miRNAs regulate lung oncogenesis pathways. METHODS RNA isolated from 139 plasma samples (40 LUAD, 38 LUSC; 61 healthy/non-diseased individuals) were divided into discovery (38 patients; 21 controls for expression quantification using an 800-miRNA panel; Nanostring nCounter®) and validation (40 patients; 40 controls; TaqMan® RT-qPCR) cohorts. Elastic net, Maximizing-R-Square Analysis (MARSA), and C-Statistics were applied for miRNA signature identification. RESULTS When compared to healthy individuals, 580 of 606 deregulated miRNAs in LUAD and 221 of 226 deregulated miRNAs in LUSC had significantly increased levels. Among the 10 most significantly overexpressed miRNAs, 6 were common to patients with LUAD and LUSC. Further analysis identified three signatures composed of 12 miRNAs. Signatures included miRNAs commonly overexpressed in patient plasma. Enriched pathways included target genes modulated by three miRNAs in the C-Statistics signature: miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-451a. CONCLUSIONS The 3-miRNA signature (miR-16-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-451a) had high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (84%) to predict cancer (LUAD and LUSC). These miRNAs are predicted to modulate genes and pathways with known roles in lung tumorigenesis, including EGFR, K-RAS, and PI3K/AKT signaling, suggesting that the 3-miRNA signature is biologically relevant in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P. Reis
- Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil; (S.A.D.); (T.F.F.)
- Experimental Research Unity, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Sandra A. Drigo
- Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil; (S.A.D.); (T.F.F.)
- Experimental Research Unity, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Robson F. Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil;
| | - Rainer Marco Lopez Lapa
- Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Instituto de Investigación, Chimbote 02800, Peru;
| | - Tainara F. Felix
- Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil; (S.A.D.); (T.F.F.)
- Experimental Research Unity, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Devalben Patel
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Dangxiao Cheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Melania Pintilie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (D.P.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (G.L.)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
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Soghli N, Qujeq D, Yousefi T, Soghli N. The regulatory functions of circular RNAs in osteosarcoma. Genomics 2020; 112:2845-2856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Wang W, Chen D, Chen W, Xin Z, Huang Z, Zhang X, Xi K, Wang G, Zhang R, Zhao D, Liu L, Zhang L. Early Detection of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Using a 12-microRNA Panel and a Nomogram for Assistant Diagnosis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:855. [PMID: 32596148 PMCID: PMC7301755 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We previously identified a 12-microRNA (miRNA) panel (miRNA-17, miRNA-146a, miRNA-200b, miRNA-182, miRNA-155, miRNA-221, miRNA-205, miRNA-126, miRNA-7, miRNA-21, miRNA-145, and miRNA-210) that aided in the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We validated the diagnostic value of this miRNA panel and compared it with that of traditional tumor markers and radiological diagnosis. We constructed a nomogram based on the miRNA panel's results to predict the risk of NSCLC. Methods: Eighty-two participants with pulmonary nodules on a CT scan and who underwent a pathological examination and surgical treatment were enrolled in our study. Patients were randomly divided into a training group or a validation group. The miRNA concentrations were quantified by RT-PCR and log-transformed for analysis. The cutoff value was determined in the training group and then applied in the validation group. A comparison between the miRNAs and traditional tumor markers [CEA, NSE, and cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (Cyfra21-1)] and radiological diagnosis was performed. A nomogram based on the miRNA panel's results to predict the risk of NSCLC was constructed. Results: The expression level of these 12 miRNAs was significantly higher in NSCLC patients than in benign patients. In the validation group, the specificity and positive predictive value were 96.4 and 95.8%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those using traditional tumor markers or radiological diagnosis. The sensitivity was 42.6%, which was also higher than that using tumor markers. Moreover, the sensitivity increased to 63.6% when the nodule diameters were larger than 2 cm. The miRNAs and seven clinical factors were integrated into the nomogram, and the calibration curves showed optimal agreement between the predicted and actual probabilities. Conclusions: Our miRNA panel has clinical value for the early detection of NSCLC. A nomogram was constructed and internally validated, and the results indicate that it can assist clinicians in making treatment recommendations in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongni Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziya Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zirui Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kexing Xi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Peking Union Medical College, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rusi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dechang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Zhang Y, Roth JA, Yu H, Ye Y, Xie K, Zhao H, Chang DW, Huang M, Li H, Qu J, Wu X. A 5-microRNA signature identified from serum microRNA profiling predicts survival in patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:643-650. [PMID: 30428030 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, screening and prognosis. This study aimed to identify serum miRNAs as predictors of survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We profiled serum miRNAs in a pilot set of four patients with good survival (>24 months) and four patients with poor survival (<6 months). We selected 140 stably detectable miRNAs and 42 miRNAs reported in literature for further analysis. Expression of these 182 miRNAs was measured using high-throughput polymerase chain reaction assay, and their association with 3-year survival in the discovery (n = 345) and validation (n = 177) cohorts was assessed. Five serum miRNAs (miR-191, miR-28-3p, miR-145, miR-328 and miR-18a) were significantly associated with 3-year overall survival in both cohorts. A combined 5-miRNA risk score was created to assess the cumulative impact of these miRNAs on risk of death. Quartile analysis of the risk score showed significant association with 3-year death risk, with a 4.6-, 6.8- and 9.3-month reduction in median survival time for the second, third and fourth quartiles, respectively. Survival tree analysis also identified distinct risk groups with different 3-year survival durations. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed all five miRNAs were differentially expressed (P < 0.0001) in paired tumor and normal tissues. Pathway analysis indicated that target genes of these five miRNAs were mainly enriched in inflammatory/immune response pathways and pathways implicated in resistance to chemoradiotherapy and/or targeted therapy. Our results suggested that the 5-miRNA signature could serve as a prognostic predictor in patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kunlin Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David W Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maosheng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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12
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Sohel MMH. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Life Sci 2020; 248:117473. [PMID: 32114007 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of tiny molecules of 18-22 nucleotide long noncoding RNA that regulate the post-transcriptional gene expression through translational inhibition and/or mRNA destabilization. Because of their involvement in important developmental processes, it is highly likely that the altered expression of miRNAs could be associated with abnormal conditions like suboptimal growth or diseases. Thus, the expression of miRNAs can be used as biomarkers in pathophysiological conditions. Recently, a handful of miRNAs are detected in cell-free conditions including biofluids and cell culture media and they exhibit specific expression patterns that are associated with altered physiological conditions. Extracellular miRNAs are not only extremely stable outside cells in a variety of biofluids but also they are easy to acquire. These characteristics led to the idea of using extracellular miRNAs as a potential biomarker for the onset and prognosis of cancer. Although miRNAs have been proposed as a potential diagnostic tool for cancer detection, their application in the routine clinical investigation is yet to come. First, this review will provide an insight into the extracellular miRNAs, particularly, their release mechanisms and characteristics, and the potential of extracellular miRNAs as a biomarker in cancer detection. Finally, it will discuss the potential of using extracellular miRNAs in different cancer diagnoses and challenges associated with the clinical application of extracellular miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahmodul Hasan Sohel
- Genome and Stem Cell Centre, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey.
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13
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Branicki W, Taheri M. Non-coding RNA profile in lung cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 114:104411. [PMID: 32112788 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the leading source of cancer-associated mortality. This kind of cancer has heterogeneous nature and is divided into two broad classes of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition to aberrant expression of several signaling pathways and oncogenes, lung cancer is associated with dysregulation of expression of non-coding RNAs including both long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs. These aberrantly expressed transcripts are putative therapeutic targets and diagnostic/ prognostic markers. Integrative assessment of expression of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs has led to construction of competing endogenous RNA networks in which several lncRNAs act as molecular sponges to inhibit regulatory function of miRNAs on mRNAs. Notably, some of these networks seem to have subtype-specific functions in lung cancer. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the importance of these networks in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and provide a list of onco-miRNAs, tumor suppressor miRNAs, oncogenic lncRNAs and tumor suppressor lncRNAs based on their roles in the carcinogenic process in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Bottani M, Banfi G, Lombardi G. Circulating miRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Common Solid Tumors: Focus on Lung, Breast, Prostate Cancers, and Osteosarcoma. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1661. [PMID: 31614612 PMCID: PMC6833074 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An early cancer diagnosis is essential to treat and manage patients, but it is difficult to achieve this goal due to the still too low specificity and sensitivity of classical methods (imaging, actual biomarkers), together with the high invasiveness of tissue biopsies. The discovery of novel, reliable, and easily collectable cancer markers is a topic of interest, with human biofluids, especially blood, as important sources of minimal invasive biomarkers such as circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), the most promising. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs and known epigenetic modulators of gene expression, with specific roles in cancer development/progression, which are next to be implemented in the clinical routine as biomarkers for early diagnosis and the efficient monitoring of tumor progression and treatment response. Unfortunately, several issues regarding their validation process are still to be resolved. In this review, updated findings specifically focused on the clinical relevance of circulating miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for the most prevalent cancer types (breast, lung, and prostate cancers in adults, and osteosarcoma in children) are described. In addition, deep analysis of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical issues still affecting the circulation of miRNAs' validation process and routine implementation is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bottani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Lombardi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy.
- Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, ul. Kazimierza Górskiego 1, 80-336 Pomorskie, Poland.
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15
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Qi H, Wang H, Pang D. miR-448 promotes progression of non-small-cell lung cancer via targeting SIRT1. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1907-1913. [PMID: 31410153 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of microRNAs (miRs) has been demonstrated to be involved in both the initiation and the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). miR-448 has been identified as a tumor suppressor in several cancer types. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of miR-448 in NSCLC. Tumor tissues and paired normal tissues were obtained from patients with NSCLC. The viability and migration of A549 cells were determined by the Cell Counting kit-8 and wound-healing assays, respectively. Gene and protein levels were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting, respectively. The interaction between the 3' untranslated region of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and miR-448 was predicted by TargetScan and verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. miR-448 levels were revealed to be decreased whereas SIRT1 levels were increased in NSCLC tissues compared with normal tissues. Pearson's correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a negative correlation between miR-448 and SIRT1 mRNA levels. Overexpression of miR-448 led to reduced growth and migration ability of A549 cells. In addition, overexpression of miR-448 decreased SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels, thereby inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and affecting EMT-associated molecules, including vimentin and E-cadherin. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that SIRT1 was a direct target of miR-448. Notably, activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol treatment partially reversed the cell growth inhibition induced by miR-448 mimics. These findings suggested that the progression of NSCLC may be controlled by miR-448, which appears to hold promise as a therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Endoscopy, Shouguang Hospital of TCM, Shouguang, Shandong 262700, P.R. China
| | - Dabin Pang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
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16
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Giunti L, Da Ros M, De Gregorio V, Magi A, Landini S, Mazzinghi B, Buccoliero AM, Genitori L, Giglio S, Sardi I. A microRNA profile of pediatric glioblastoma: The role of NUCKS1 upregulation. Mol Clin Oncol 2019; 10:331-338. [PMID: 30847170 PMCID: PMC6388501 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2019.1795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a novel class of gene regulators that may be involved in tumor chemoresistance. Recently, specific miRNA expression profiles have been identified in adult glioblastoma (aGBM), but there are only limited data available on the role of miRNAs in pediatric GBM (pGBM). In the present study, the expression profile of miRNAs was examined in seven pGBMs and three human GBM cell lines (U87MG, A172 and T98G), compared with a non-tumoral pool of pediatric cerebral cortex samples by microarray analysis. A set of differentially expressed miRNAs was identified, including miR-490, miR-876-3p, miR-876-5p, miR-448 and miR-137 (downregulated), as well as miR-501-3p (upregulated). Through bioinformatics analysis, a series of target genes was predicted. In addition, similar gene expression patterns in pGBMs and cell lines was confirmed. Of note, drug resistant T98G cells had upregulated nuclear casein kinase and cyclin-dependent kinase substrate 1 (NUCKS1) expression, a protein overexpressed in many tumors that serves an important role in cell proliferation and progression. On the basis of the present preliminary report, it could be intriguing to further investigate the relationship between each of the identified differentially expressed miRNAs and NUCKS1, in order to clarify their involvement in the multi-drug resistance mechanism of pGBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giunti
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Martina Da Ros
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica De Gregorio
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Samuela Landini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzinghi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Genitori
- Neurosurgery Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy.,Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, I-50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Iacopo Sardi
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children's University Hospital, I-50139 Florence, Italy
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17
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Yu H, Guan Z, Cuk K, Brenner H, Zhang Y. Circulating microRNA biomarkers for lung cancer detection in Western populations. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4849-4862. [PMID: 30259714 PMCID: PMC6198213 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Patients with LC usually have poor prognosis due to the difficulties in detecting tumors at early stages. Multiple studies have shown that circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers for early detection of LC. We aimed to provide an overview of published studies on circulating miRNA markers for early detection of LC and to summarize their diagnostic performance in Western populations. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge to find relevant studies published up to 11 August 2017. Information on study design, population characteristics, miRNA markers, and diagnostic accuracy (including sensitivity, specificity, and AUC) were independently extracted by two reviewers. Overall, 17 studies evaluating 35 circulating miRNA markers and 19 miRNA panels in serum or plasma were included. The median sensitivity (range) and specificity (range) were, respectively, 78.4% (51.7%-100%) and 78.7% (42.9%-93.5%) for individual miRNAs, and 83.0% (64.0%-100%) and 84.9% (71.0%-100%) for miRNA panels. Most studies incorporated individual miRNA markers as panels (with 2-34 markers), with multiple miRNA-based panels generally outperforming individual markers. Two promising miRNA panels were discovered and verified in prospective cohorts. Of note, both studies exclusively applied miRNA ratios when building up panels. In conclusion, circulating miRNAs may bear potential for noninvasive LC screening, but large studies conducted in screening or longitudinal settings are needed to validate the promising results and optimize the marker panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Yu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhong Guan
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katarina Cuk
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Powrózek T, Mlak R, Dziedzic M, Małecka-Massalska T, Sagan D. Investigation of relationship between precursor of miRNA-944 and its mature form in lung squamous-cell carcinoma - the diagnostic value. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:368-373. [PMID: 29496309 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNA (miRNA) are attractive markers of lung cancer, due to their regulatory role in cell cycle. However, we know more about function of miRNA in cancer development, there is still little known about role of their precursors (primary miRNA; pri-miRNA) in tumorgenesis. In present study we investigated potential role of miRNA-944 and its precursor pri-miRNA-944 in development of squamous-cell lung cancer (SCC) and explored interdependence between miRNA precursor and its mature form. This is a first available literature report analyzing pri-miRNA as a cancer diagnostic marker. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression of miRNA-944 and its precursor was analyzed in 58 fresh-frozen tissues of non-small cell lung cancer and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues using qRT-PCR. Expression of pri-miRNA-944 was correlated with TP63 and miRNA-944. Using ROC analysis diagnostic accuracy of studied markers was evaluated. RESULTS miRNA-944 and its precursor were significantly overexspressed in SCC compared to adenocarcinoma (AC) and non-cancerous tissue. pri-miRNA-944 strongly and positively correlated with TP63 (r = 0.739, p < 0.001) and with mature miRNA-944 expression (r = 0.691, p < 0.001). Also, TP63 expression significantly correlated with mature miRNA (r = 0.785, p < 0.001). Combined analysis of pri-miRNA-944 and mature miRNA-944 allowed to distinguish SCC tissue form AC with sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 100% (AUC = 0.978), and SCC from non-cancerous tissue with 92.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity (AUC = 0.992). CONCLUSION We assumed that pri-miRNA-944 and miRNA-944 may be involved in early squamous-type differentiation of lung tumors. Moreover, analysis of both markers provided high diagnostic accuracy for SCC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Powrózek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
| | - Radosław Mlak
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
| | - Marcin Dziedzic
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostic, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Dariusz Sagan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
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19
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Moretti F, D’Antona P, Finardi E, Barbetta M, Dominioni L, Poli A, Gini E, Noonan DM, Imperatori A, Rotolo N, Cattoni M, Campomenosi P. Systematic review and critique of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of stage I-II non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94980-94996. [PMID: 29212284 PMCID: PMC5706930 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selected circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested for non-invasive screening of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however the numerous proposed miRNA signatures are inconsistent. Aiming to identify miRNAs suitable specifically for stage I-II NSCLC screening in serum/plasma samples, we searched the databases "Pubmed", "Medline", "Scopus", "Embase" and "WOS" and systematically reviewed the publications reporting quantitative data on the efficacy [sensitivity, specificity and/or area under the curve (AUC)] of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of NSCLC stage I and/or II. The 20 studies fulfilling the search criteria included 1110 NSCLC patients and 1009 controls, and were of medium quality according to Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies checklist. In these studies, the patient cohorts as well as the control groups were heterogeneous for demographics and clinicopathological characteristics; moreover, numerous pre-analytical and analytical variables likely influenced miRNA determinations, and potential bias of hemolysis was often underestimated. We identified four circulating miRNAs scarcely influenced by hemolysis, each featuring high sensitivity (> 80%) and AUC (> 0.80) as biomarkers of stage I-II NSCLC: miR-223, miR-20a, miR-448 and miR-145; four other miRNAs showed high specificity (> 90%): miR-628-3p, miR-29c, miR-210 and miR-1244. In a model of two-step screening for stage I-II NSCLC using first the above panel of serum miRNAs with high sensitivity and high AUC, and subsequently the panel with high specificity, the estimated overall sensitivity is 91.6% and overall specificity is 93.4%. These and other circulating miRNAs suggested for stage I-II NSCLC screening require validation in multiple independent studies before they can be proposed for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Moretti
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paola D’Antona
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Emanuele Finardi
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Barbetta
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Dominioni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Albino Poli
- Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Douglas M. Noonan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Scientific and Technological Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Imperatori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Nicola Rotolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Cattoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, DMS, Center for Thoracic Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Campomenosi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, DBSV, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- The Protein Factory, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca in Biotecnologie Proteiche, Politecnico di Milano, ICRM-CNR Milano and University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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20
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Zhou Q, Huang SX, Zhang F, Li SJ, Liu C, Xi YY, Wang L, Wang X, He QQ, Sun CC, Li DJ. MicroRNAs: A novel potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28990243 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is still one of the most serious causes of cancer-related deaths all over the world. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are defined as small non-coding RNAs which could play a pivotal role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Increasing evidence demonstrated dysregulation of miRNA expression associates with the development and progression of NSCLC. AIMS To emphasize a variety of tissue-specific miRNAs, circulating miRNAs and miRNA-derived exosomes could be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in NSCLC patients. MATERIALS & METHODS In the current review, we paid attention to the significant discoveries of preclinical and clinical studies, which performed on tissue-specific miRNA, circulating miRNA and exosomal miRNA. The related studies were obtained through a systematic search of Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase. RESULTS A variety of tissue-specific miRNAs and circulating miRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity which could be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in NSCLC patients. In addition, we emphasize that the miRNA-derived exosomes become novel diagnostic biomarkers potentially in these patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSION MiRNAs have emerged as non-coding RNAs, which have potential to be candidates for the diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Shao-Xin Huang
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Shu-Jun Li
- Wuhan Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Yong-Yong Xi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi-Qiang He
- Department of School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Cheng-Cao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - De-Jia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
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21
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Yang Y, Hu Z, Zhou Y, Zhao G, Lei Y, Li G, Chen S, Chen K, Shen Z, Chen X, Dai P, Huang Y. The clinical use of circulating microRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:90197-90214. [PMID: 29163821 PMCID: PMC5685742 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have investigated the diagnostic role of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with lung cancer; however, the results still remain inconclusive. An updated system review and meta-analysis was necessary to give a comprehensive evaluation of diagnostic role of circulating miRNAs in lung cancer. Eligible studies were searched in electronical databases. The sensitivity and specificity were used to plot the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve and calculate the area under the curve (AUC). The between-study heterogeneity was evaluated by Q test and I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were further performed to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. A total of 134 studies from 65 articles (6,919 patients with lung cancer and 7,064 controls) were included for analysis. Overall analysis showed that circulating miRNAs had a good diagnostic performance in lung cancers, with a sensitivity of 0.83, a specificity of 0.84, and an AUC of 0.90. Subgroup analysis suggested that combined miRNAs and Caucasian populations may yield relatively higher diagnostic performance. In addition, we found serum might serve as an ideal material to detecting miRNA as good diagnostic performance. We also found the diagnostic role of miRNAs in early stage lung cancer was still relatively high (the sensitivity, specificity and an AUC of stage I/II was 0.81, 0.82 and 0.88; and for stage I, it was 0.80, 0.81, and 0.88). We also identified a panel of miRNAs such as miR-21-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-155-5p and miR-126-3p might serve as potential biomarkers for lung cancer. As a result, circulating miRNAs, particularly the combination of multiple miRNAs, may serve as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Zaoxiu Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute of Yunnan Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Research of Yunnan Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China.,International Joint Laboratory of High Altitude Regional Cancer of Yunnan Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University(Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Guangqiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Yujie Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Guangjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Zhenghai Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Peilin Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute of Yunnan Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Research of Yunnan Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China.,International Joint Laboratory of High Altitude Regional Cancer of Yunnan Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University(Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming 650118, PR China
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22
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Beane J, Campbell JD, Lel J, Vick J, Spira A. Genomic approaches to accelerate cancer interception. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:e494-e502. [PMID: 28759388 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although major advances have been reported in the last decade in the treatment of late-stage cancer with targeted and immune-based therapies, there is a crucial unmet need to develop new approaches to improve the prevention and early detection of cancer. Advances in genomics and computational biology offer unprecedented opportunities to understand the earliest molecular events associated with carcinogenesis, enabling novel strategies to intercept the development of invasive cancers. This Series paper will highlight emerging big data genomic approaches with the potential to accelerate advances in cancer prevention, screening, and early detection across various tumour types, and the challenges inherent in the development of these tools for clinical use. Through coordinated multicentre consortia, these genomic approaches are likely to transform the landscape of cancer interception in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Beane
- Department of Medicine and BU-BMC Cancer Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Campbell
- Department of Medicine and BU-BMC Cancer Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julian Lel
- Department of Medicine and BU-BMC Cancer Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Vick
- Department of Medicine and BU-BMC Cancer Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Avrum Spira
- Department of Medicine and BU-BMC Cancer Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Armand-Labit V, Pradines A. Circulating cell-free microRNAs as clinical cancer biomarkers. Biomol Concepts 2017; 8:61-81. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2017-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that are master regulators of genic expression and consequently of many cellular processes. But their expression is often deregulated in human tumors leading to cancer development. Recently miRNAs were discovered in body fluids (serum, plasma and others) and their levels have often been reported to be altered in patients. Circulating miRNAs became one of the most promising biomarkers in oncology for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response prediction. Here we describe the origins and roles of miRNAs, and summarize the most recent studies focusing on their usefulness as cancer biomarkers in lung, breast, colon, prostate, ovary cancers and melanoma. Lastly, we describe the main methodologies related to miRNA detection, which should be standardized for their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Armand-Labit
- Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, CRCT UMR-1037, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Oncologique, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Pradines
- Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, CRCT UMR-1037, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Oncologique, Toulouse, France
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24
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Krawczyk P, Powrózek T, Olesiński T, Dmitruk A, Dziwota J, Kowalski D, Milanowski J. Evaluation of miR-506 and miR-4316 expression in early and non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2017; 32:1057-1060. [PMID: 28405738 PMCID: PMC5486640 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-017-2814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examination of the entire colon by colonoscopy remains the golden standard for screening of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, patients are reluctant to perform invasive colonoscopies because of interference with their intimacy. Therefore, the potential use of non-invasive analysis of microRNAs expression in liquid biopsy as a novel biomarker for early CRC has investigated in several studies. In this study, we analyzed the expression of two novel microRNAs: miR-506 and miR-4316, which have never been examined in CRC. METHODS Plasma samples were collected from 56 patients (median age of 68 years) with operable colorectal cancer and from 70 healthy individuals (median age of 59 years). Expression of plasma microRNAs was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using Eco real-time PCR device (Illumina, USA). RESULTS We found a significant elevated expression of both examined microRNAs in early CRC patients when compared to those in healthy individuals (p = 0.0054 for miR-506 and p = 0.0025 for miR-4316). The expression of miR-506 and miR-4316 did not depend on gender, age, disease stage, and tumor localization of CRC patients. ROC curve analysis showed that both examined microRNAs could differentiate early stage colorectal cancer from healthy individuals with 76.8% specificity and 60.7% sensitivity for miR-506 analysis and 76.8% specificity and 75% specificity for miR-4316 analysis. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that elevated expression of miR-506 and miR-4316 in peripheral blood were potential molecular markers for early colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krawczyk
- 0000 0001 1033 7158grid.411484.cDepartment of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Powrózek
- 0000 0001 1033 7158grid.411484.cDepartment of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Olesiński
- Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in Warsaw, WK Roentgen 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Dmitruk
- Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in Warsaw, WK Roentgen 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Dziwota
- 0000 0001 1033 7158grid.411484.cDepartment of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kowalski
- Department of Lung and Chest Tumor, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology in Warsaw, WK Roentgen 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Milanowski
- 0000 0001 1033 7158grid.411484.cDepartment of Pneumonology, Oncology and Allergology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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25
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Levy B, Hu ZI, Cordova KN, Close S, Lee K, Becker D. Clinical Utility of Liquid Diagnostic Platforms in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncologist 2016; 21:1121-30. [PMID: 27388233 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED : A firmer understanding of the genomic landscape of lung cancer has recently led to targeted, therapeutic advances in non-small cell lung cancer. Historically, the reference standard for the diagnosis and genetic interrogation for advanced-stage patients has been tissue acquisition via computed tomography-guided core or fine needle aspiration biopsy. However, this process can frequently put the patient at risk and remains complicated by sample availability and tumor heterogeneity. In addition, the time required to complete the diagnostic assays can negatively affect clinical care. Technological advances in recent years have led to the development of blood-based diagnostics or "liquid biopsies" with great potential to quickly diagnose and genotype lung cancer using a minimally invasive technique. Recent studies have suggested that molecular alterations identified in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) or circulating tumor DNA can serve as an accurate molecular proxy of tumor biology and reliably predict the response to tyrosine kinase therapy. In addition, several trials have demonstrated the high accuracy of microRNA (miRNA) platforms in discerning cancerous versus benign nodules in high-risk, screened patients. Despite the promise of these platforms, issues remain, including varying sensitivities and specificities between competing platforms and a lack of standardization of techniques and downstream processing. In the present report, the clinical applications of liquid biopsy technologies, including circulating tumor cells, proteomics, miRNA, and cfDNA for NSCLC, are reviewed and insight is provided into the diagnostic and therapeutic implications and challenges of these platforms. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Although tumor biopsies remain the reference standard for the diagnosis and genotyping of non-small cell lung cancer, they remain fraught with logistical complexities that can delay treatment decisions and affect clinical care. Liquid diagnostic platforms, including cell-free DNA, proteomic signatures, RNA (mRNA and microRNA), and circulating tumor cells, have the potential to overcome many of these barriers, including rapid and accurate identification of de novo and resistant genetic alterations, real-time monitoring of treatment responses, prognosis of outcomes, and identification of minimal residual disease. The present report provides insights into new liquid diagnostic platforms in non-small cell lung cancer and discusses the promise and challenges of their current and future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Levy
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zishuo I Hu
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Lee
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Becker
- Veterans Affairs Hospital, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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26
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Zhao C, Lu F, Chen H, Zhao F, Zhu Z, Zhao X, Chen H. Clinical significance of circulating miRNA detection in lung cancer. Med Oncol 2016; 33:41. [PMID: 27034265 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world and the leading cause of tumor death among males. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides and constituted a new class of gene regulators in humans. As a novel class of emerging biomarkers, the aberrant expression of miRNA has been detected in various tumors. miRNAs are secreted into circulation by microvesicles from the broken tumor cells and act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in tumor tissues. In this review, we summarized different circulating miRNAs and their expression level as well as predictable values in lung cancer patients which were investigated in recent 5 years. Circulating miRNAs are found to be dysregulated and have association with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival in lung cancer patients. In conclusion, circulating miRNAs have the potential for distinguishing lung cancer patients from healthy individuals, with the advantages of stabilities, noninvasiveness and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Funian Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianda Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
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