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Kalinina EV, Gavriliuk LA, Pokrovsky VS. Oxidative Stress and Redox-Dependent Signaling in Prostate Cancer. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:413-424. [PMID: 35790374 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922050030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor emergence and progression is complicated by the dual role of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Low concentrations of ROS are essential for many intracellular metabolic processes and cell proliferation, while excessive ROS generation disrupts the mechanisms of cancer suppression, leading to the cell damage and death. A long-term imbalance in the ROS/antioxidant ratio and upregulation of the ROS generation due to the reduced efficacy of the antioxidant defense system cause chronic oxidative stress resulting in the damage of proteins, lipid, and DNA molecules and cancer development. Numerous data demonstrate that prostate cancer (the most common cancer in males) is associated with the development of oxidative stress. However, the reasons for the emergence of prostate cancer, as well as changes in the redox signaling and cellular redox homeostasis in this disease, are still poorly understood. The review examines the role of prooxidant and antioxidant enzyme systems, the imbalance in their activity leading to the oxidative stress development, changes in the key components of redox signaling, and the role of microRNAs in the modulation of redox status of cancer cells in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Kalinina
- Peoples's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia.
| | - Ludmila A Gavriliuk
- Peoples's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Vadim S Pokrovsky
- Peoples's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia.,N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
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2
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Liu J, Ye LY, Xiong WH, Liu T, Yang H, Lei J. A cerium oxide@metal-organic framework nanoenzyme as a tandem catalyst for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2820-2823. [PMID: 33605969 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00001b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An O2 self-evolving core-shell theranostic nanohybrid was developed by encapsulating a nanoenzyme cerium oxide (CeOx) in a metal-organic framework (MOF). The hybrid reveals a 9-fold higher apoptotic percentage than bare CeOx in a harsh hypoxic microenvironment through tandem homogenous catalysis. Simultaneously, the oxygen-promoted therapeutic efficiency was self-monitored by the hybrid with caspase-3 activation, paving the way for MOF-functionalized nanoenzymes in theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China. and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Yao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Hong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
| | - Tianrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
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Vinod N, Kim JH, Choi S, Lim I. Combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C enhanced therapeutic efficacy in HER2 positive tumor model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12871. [PMID: 34145369 PMCID: PMC8213814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lanatoside C has a promising anti-tumor activity and is a potential candidate for radiosensitizers. In this study, we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C for inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive tumor progression in NCI-N87 xenograft model. The combination treatment (131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C) showed highest cytotoxicity when compared to non-treated control or trastuzumab alone or 131I alone or 131I-trastuzumab alone in vitro. Biodistribution studies using 131I-trastuzumab or combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C showed tumor uptake in BALB/c nude mice bearing HER2 positive NCI-N87 tumor xenograft model. The higher tumor uptake was observed in 131I-trastuzumab (19.40 ± 0.04% ID/g) than in the combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C (14.02 ± 0.02% ID/g) at 24 h post-injection. Most importantly, an antitumor effect was observed in mice that received the combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C (p = 0.009) when compared to control. In addition, mice received lanatoside C alone (p = 0.085) or 131I-trastuzumab alone (p = 0.160) did not significantly inhibit tumor progression compared with control. Taken together, our data suggest that combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C might be a potential synergistic treatment for radioimmunotherapy to control the HER2 positive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Vinod
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, (KIRAMS), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Kim
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, (KIRAMS), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbum Choi
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, (KIRAMS), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilhan Lim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, (KIRAMS), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea.
- Division of RI-Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, (KIRAMS), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Radiological & Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea.
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Joshi HA, Patwardhan RS, Sharma D, Sandur SK, Devarajan PV. Pre-clinical evaluation of an innovative oral nano-formulation of baicalein for modulation of radiation responses. Int J Pharm 2020; 595:120181. [PMID: 33359537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet medical need for non-toxic and effective radiation countermeasures for prevention of radiation toxicity during planned exposures. We have earlier shown that intraperitoneal administration of baicalein (BCL) offers significant survival benefit in animal model. Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics of baicalein has been reported in pre-clinical model systems and also in healthy human volunteers. However, clinical translation of baicalein is hindered owing to poor bioavailability due to lipophilicity. In view of this, we fabricated and characterized in-situ solid lipid nanoparticles of baicalein (SLNB) with effective drug entrapment and release kinetics. SLNB offered significant protection to murine splenic lymphocytes against 4 Gy ionizing radiation (IR) induced apoptosis. Oral administration of SLNB exhibited ~70% protection to mice against whole body irradiation (WBI 7.5 Gy) induced mortality. Oral relative bioavailability of BCL was enhanced by over ~300% after entrapment in the SLNB as compared to BCL. Oral dosing of SLNB resulted in transient increase in neutrophil abundance in peripheral blood. Interestingly, we observed that treatment of human lung cancer cells (A549) with radioprotective dose of SLNB exhibited radio-sensitization as evinced by decrease in survival and clonogenic potential. Contrary to antioxidant nature of baicalein in normal cells, SLNB treatment induced significant increase in cellular ROS levels in A549 cells probably due to higher uptake and inhibition of TrxR. Thus, a pharmaceutically acceptable SLNB exhibited improved bioavailability, better radioprotection to normal cells and sensitized cancer cells to radiation induced killing as compared to BCL suggesting its possible utility as an adjuvant during cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh A Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Raghavendra S Patwardhan
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Santosh K Sandur
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Padma V Devarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
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Zhang P, Song E, Jiang M, Song Y. Celecoxib and Afatinib synergistic enhance radiotherapy sensitivity on human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 97:170-178. [PMID: 33164600 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1846817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radioresistance is highly correlated with radiotherapy failure in clinical cancer treatment. In the current study, we sought to examine the efficacy of Celecoxib and Afatinib co-treatment as radiosensitizers in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Generally, A549 cells were cultured with the treatment of Celecoxib and/or Afatinib for 24 h. Then, the cells were exposed to irradiation at 2 Gy/min for 1 min. After the end of treatment, cell viability, clonogenic survival, apoptosis and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Elisa assays were performed. Transcriptional levels of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) affected by Celecoxib and/or Afatinib were measured by RT-qPCR. Posttranscriptional level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-related gene was measured by Western blotting analysis. RESULTS Here, we, for the first time, reported that the co-treatment of Celecoxib and Afatinib regulates the resistance of NSCLC A549 cells to radiation. The co-treatment of Celecoxib and Afatinib sensitized radiotherapy through the radiation-induced loss of cell viability and colony formation, as well as apoptosis. Mechanistically, Celecoxib and Afatinib-treated cells showed the inhibition of COX-2 and EGFR expression, which may be responsible for the A549 cells' increased resistance to radiation. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that Celecoxib and Afatinib regulate cell sensitivity to apoptosis, and thus modulate the resistance of NSCLC to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingdong Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Gaharwar US, Kumar S, Rajamani P. Iron oxide nanoparticle-induced hematopoietic and immunological response in rats. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35753-35764. [PMID: 35517102 PMCID: PMC9056920 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05901c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application and use of iron oxide nanoparticless (IONPs) in the biomedical field are steadily increasing, although it remains uncertain whether IONPs are safe or should be used with caution. In the present study, we investigated the toxicity profile of ultrafine IONPs in rats administered with 7.5, 15 and 30 mg IONPs/kg body wt intravenously once a week for 4 weeks. IONP treatment reduces bone marrow-mononuclear cell proliferation, increases free radical species and DNA damage leading to growth arrest and subsequently apoptosis induction at 15 and 30 mg doses. It also induces apoptosis in undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells. IONP treatment significantly increased the pro-inflammatory cytokine (Interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) level in serum. The induction in inflammation was likely mediated by splenic M1 macrophages (IL-6 and TNF-α secretion). IONP treatment induces splenocyte apoptosis and alteration in the immune system represented by reduced CD4+/CD8+ ratio and increased B cells. It also reduces innate defense represented by lower natural killer cell cytotoxicity. IONP administration markedly increased lipid peroxidation in the spleen, while the glutathione level was reduced. Similarly, superoxide dismutase activity was increased and catalase activity was reduced in the spleen of IONP-treated rats. At an organ level, IONP treatment did not cause any significant injury or structural alteration in the spleen. Collectively, our results suggest that a high dose of ultrafine IONPs may cause oxidative stress, cell death, and inflammation in a biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Singh Gaharwar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India +91-11-26741586 +91-11-26704162
| | - Sumit Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India
| | - Paulraj Rajamani
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India +91-11-26741586 +91-11-26704162
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Repurposing Drugs for Cancer Radiotherapy: Early Successes and Emerging Opportunities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25:106-115. [PMID: 30896532 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that combining radiotherapy with cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin can improve efficacy. However, while concurrent chemoradiotherapy improves patient outcomes, it comes at costs of increased toxicity. A tremendous opportunity remains to investigate drug combinations in the clinical setting that might increase the benefits of radiation without additional toxicity. This chapter highlights opportunities to apply repurposing of drugs along with a mechanistic understanding of radiation effects on cancer and normal tissue to discover new therapy-modifying drugs and help rapidly translate them to the clinic. We survey candidate radiosensitizers that alter DNA repair, decrease hypoxia, block tumor survival signaling, modify tumor metabolism, block growth factor signaling, slow tumor invasiveness, impair angiogenesis, or stimulate antitumor immunity. Promising agents include widely used drugs such as aspirin, metformin, and statins, offering the potential to improve outcomes, decrease radiation doses, and lower costs. Many other candidate drugs are also discussed.
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Huang RX, Zhou PK. DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for radiotherapy sensitization in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:60. [PMID: 32355263 PMCID: PMC7192953 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 121.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most common countermeasures for treating a wide range of tumors. However, the radioresistance of cancer cells is still a major limitation for radiotherapy applications. Efforts are continuously ongoing to explore sensitizing targets and develop radiosensitizers for improving the outcomes of radiotherapy. DNA double-strand breaks are the most lethal lesions induced by ionizing radiation and can trigger a series of cellular DNA damage responses (DDRs), including those helping cells recover from radiation injuries, such as the activation of DNA damage sensing and early transduction pathways, cell cycle arrest, and DNA repair. Obviously, these protective DDRs confer tumor radioresistance. Targeting DDR signaling pathways has become an attractive strategy for overcoming tumor radioresistance, and some important advances and breakthroughs have already been achieved in recent years. On the basis of comprehensively reviewing the DDR signal pathways, we provide an update on the novel and promising druggable targets emerging from DDR pathways that can be exploited for radiosensitization. We further discuss recent advances identified from preclinical studies, current clinical trials, and clinical application of chemical inhibitors targeting key DDR proteins, including DNA-PKcs (DNA-dependent protein kinase, catalytic subunit), ATM/ATR (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related), the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) complex, the PARP (poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase) family, MDC1, Wee1, LIG4 (ligase IV), CDK1, BRCA1 (BRCA1 C terminal), CHK1, and HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1). Challenges for ionizing radiation-induced signal transduction and targeted therapy are also discussed based on recent achievements in the biological field of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, AMMS, 100850, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Mortensen ACL, Morin E, Brown CJ, Lane DP, Nestor M. Enhancing the therapeutic effects of in vitro targeted radionuclide therapy of 3D multicellular tumor spheroids using the novel stapled MDM2/X-p53 antagonist PM2. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:38. [PMID: 32300907 PMCID: PMC7163001 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-0613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision therapeutics continuously make advances in cancer therapy, and a field of growing interest is the combination of targeted radionuclide therapy (TRNT) with potential radiosensitizing agents. This study evaluated whether the effects of in vitro TRNT, using the 177Lu-labeled anti-CD44v6 antibody AbN44v6, were potentiated by the novel stapled MDM2/X-p53 antagonist PM2. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two wt p53 cell lines, HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma) and UM-SCC-74B (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma), expressing different levels of the target antigen, CD44v6, were used. Antigen-specific binding of 177Lu-AbN44v6 was initially verified in a 2D cell assay, after which the potential effects of unlabeled AbN44v6 on downstream phosphorylation of Erk1/2 were evaluated by western blotting. Further, the therapeutic effects of unlabeled AbN44v6, 177Lu-AbN44v6, PM2, or a combination (labeled/unlabeled AbN44v6 +/- PM2) were assessed in 3D multicellular tumor spheroid assays. RESULTS Radiolabeled antibody bound specifically to CD44v6 on both cell lines. Unlabeled AbN44v6 binding did not induce downstream phosphorylation of Erk1/2 at any of the concentrations tested, and repeated treatments with the unlabeled antibody did not result in any spheroid growth inhibition. 177Lu-AbN44v6 impaired spheroid growth in a dose-dependent and antigen-dependent manner. A single modality treatment with 20 μM of PM2 significantly impaired spheroid growth in both spheroid models. Furthermore, the combination of TRNT and PM2-based therapy proved significantly more potent than either monotherapy. In HCT116 spheroids, this resulted in a two- and threefold spheroid growth rate decrease for the combination of PM2 and 100 kBq 177Lu-AbN44v6 compared to monotherapies 14-day post treatment. In UM-SCC-74B spheroids, the combination therapy resulted in a reduction in spheroid size compared to the initial spheroid size 10-day post treatment. CONCLUSION TRNT using 177Lu-AbN44v6 proved efficient in stalling spheroid growth in a dose-dependent and antigen-dependent manner, and PM2 treatment demonstrated a growth inhibitory effect as a monotherapy. Moreover, by combining TRNT with PM2-based therapy, therapeutic effects of TRNT were potentiated in a 3D multicellular tumor spheroid model. This proof-of-concept study exemplifies the strength and possibility of combining TRNT targeting CD44v6 with PM2-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja C. L. Mortensen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eric Morin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christopher J. Brown
- p53Lab, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648 Singapore
| | - David P. Lane
- p53Lab, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-04/05 Neuros/Immunos, Singapore, 138648 Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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Zhirnik AS, Semochkina YP, Moskaleva EY. Inhibition of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair by Niclosamide in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. BIOL BULL+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359019120100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Long W, Mu X, Wang JY, Xu F, Yang J, Wang J, Sun S, Chen J, Sun YM, Wang H, Zhang XD. Dislocation Engineered PtPdMo Alloy With Enhanced Antioxidant Activity for Intestinal Injury. Front Chem 2019; 7:784. [PMID: 31803720 PMCID: PMC6873609 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the mainstay for abdomen and pelvis cancers treatment. However, high energy ray would inflict gastrointestinal (GI) system and adversely disrupt the treatment. The anti-oxidative agents provide a potential route for protecting body from radiation-induced injuries. Herein, highly catalytic nanocubes with dislocation structure are developed for treatment of intestinal injury. Structural and catalytic properties show that Mo incorporation can enhance antioxidant activity by dislocation structure in the alloy. In vitro studies showed that PtPdMo improved cell survival by scavenging radiation-induced ROS accumulation. Furthermore, after animals were exposed to lethal dose of radiation, the survival was increased by 50% with the PtPdMo i.p. treatment. Radioprotection mechanism revealed that PtPdMo alleviated the oxidative stress in multi-organs especially the small intestine by inhibiting intestinal epithelium apoptosis, reducing DNA strands breaks and enhancing repairing ability. In addition, PtPdMo protected hematopoietic system by improving the number of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Long
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Mu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Ying Wang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fujuan Xu
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan-Ming Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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12
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Mortensen ACL, Spiegelberg D, Brown CJ, Lane DP, Nestor M. The Stapled Peptide PM2 Stabilizes p53 Levels and Radiosensitizes Wild-Type p53 Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:923. [PMID: 31616635 PMCID: PMC6764291 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is a key mediator of cellular stress and DNA damage response cascades and is activated after exposure to ionizing radiation. Amplifying wild-type p53 expression by targeting negative regulators such as MDM2 in combination with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) may result in increased therapeutic effects. The novel stapled peptide PM2 prevents MDM2 from suppressing wild-type p53, and is thus a promising agent for therapeutic combination with EBRT. Effects of PM2 and potential PM2-induced radiosensitivity were assessed in a panel of cancer cell lines using 2D cell viability assays. Western Blot and flow cytometric analyses were used to investigate the mechanisms behind the observed effects in samples treated with PM2 and EBRT. Finally, PM2-treatment combined with EBRT was evaluated in an in vitro 3D spheroid model. PM2-therapy decreased cell viability in wild-type p53, HPV-negative cell lines. Western Blotting and flow cytometry confirmed upregulation of p53, as well as initiation of p53-mediated apoptosis measured by increased cleaved caspase-3 and Noxa activity. Furthermore, 3D in vitro tumor spheroid experiments confirmed the superior effects of the combination, as the only treatment regime resulting in growth inhibition and complete spheroid disintegration. We conclude that PM2 induces antitumorigenic effects in wt p53 HPV-negative cancer cells and potentiates the effects of EBRT, ultimately resulting in tumor eradication in a 3D spheroid model. This strategy shows great potential as a new wt p53 specific tumor-targeting compound, and the combination of PM2 and EBRT could be a promising strategy to increase therapeutic effects and decrease adverse effects from radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Spiegelberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - David Philip Lane
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Deutsch E, Chargari C, Galluzzi L, Kroemer G. Optimising efficacy and reducing toxicity of anticancer radioimmunotherapy. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:e452-e463. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Wang H, Jiang H, Corbet C, de Mey S, Law K, Gevaert T, Feron O, De Ridder M. Piperlongumine increases sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to radiation: Involvement of ROS production via dual inhibition of glutathione and thioredoxin systems. Cancer Lett 2019; 450:42-52. [PMID: 30790679 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), naturally synthesized in long pepper, is known to selectively kill tumor cells via perturbation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. ROS are the primary effector molecules of radiation, and increase of ROS production by pharmacological modulation is known to enhance radioresponse. We therefore investigated the radiosensitizing effect of PL in colorectal cancer cells (CT26 and DLD-1) and CT26 tumor-bearing mice. Firstly, we found that PL induced excessive production of ROS due to depletion of glutathione and inhibition of thioredoxin reductase. Secondly, PL enhanced both the intrinsic and hypoxic radiosensitivity of tumor cells, linked to ROS-mediated increase of DNA damage, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cellular respiration. Finally, the radiosensitizing effect of PL was verified in vivo. PL improved the tumor response to both single and fractionated radiation, resulting in a significant increase of survival rate of tumor-bearing mice, while it was ineffective on its own. In line with in vitro findings, enhanced radioresponse is associated with inhibition of antioxidant systems. In conclusion, our results suggest that PL could be a potential radiosensitizer in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven de Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kalun Law
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gevaert
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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15
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Kumar S, Kumar R. Role of acemannan O-acetyl group in murine radioprotection. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 207:460-470. [PMID: 30600029 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Present study was designed to investigate the role of acemannan acetyl group in murine radioprotection. Acemannan, extracted from Aloe vera gel, has molecular weight of 1.02 × 106 Da and mainly composed of mannose (84.9%), glucose (7.2%), and galactose (3.9%), with backbone of (1→4)-linked mannose and glucose. Acemannan was over-acetylated and deacetylated to investigate the role of acetyl group. Acetylation enhances acemannan viscosity and thermal stability. Free radicals scavenging and Fenton reaction inhibition was mediated by acemannan acetyl and hydroxyl group respectively. Native or over-acetylated or deacetylated acemannan pre-treatment to mice has shown to reduce the γ-radiation-induced oxidative damage, and hematopoietic injuries by free radical scavenging and microphage activation (secretes pro-hematopoietic factors through TLR-4) respectively. Over-acetylated acemannan has stronger effects on immunomodulation/radioprotection. In summary, acemannan acetyl-group modulates immune system, while hydroxyl-group participate in free radical scavenging, and present finding can be employed in food and pharma industries for enhancing polysaccharide bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Raj Kumar
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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16
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Chaiswing L, Weiss HL, Jayswal RD, St. Clair DK, Kyprianou N. Profiles of Radioresistance Mechanisms in Prostate Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog 2018; 23:39-67. [PMID: 29953367 PMCID: PMC6231577 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2018025946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used for the treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa). However, cancer cells often develop resistance to radiation through unknown mechanisms and pose an intractable challenge. Radiation resistance is highly unpredictable, rendering the treatment less effective in many patients and frequently causing metastasis and cancer recurrence. Understanding the molecular events that cause radioresistance in PCa will enable us to develop adjuvant treatments for enhancing the efficacy of RT. Radioresistant PCa depends on the elevated DNA repair system and the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to proliferate, self-renew, and scavenge anti-cancer regimens, whereas the elevated heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enable radioresistant PCa cells to metastasize after exposure to radiation. The up-regulation of the DNA repairing system, ROS, HSP90, and EMT effectors has been studied extensively, but not targeted by adjuvant therapy of radioresistant PCa. Here, we emphasize the effects of ionizing radiation and the mechanisms driving the emergence of radioresistant PCa. We also address the markers of radioresistance, the gene signatures for the predictive response to radiotherapy, and novel therapeutic platforms for targeting radioresistant PCa. This review provides significant insights into enhancing the current knowledge and the understanding toward optimization of these markers for the treatment of radioresistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi L. Weiss
- The Markey Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility
| | - Rani D. Jayswal
- The Markey Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility
| | | | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology
- Department of Urology
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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17
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Zhang H, Cai S, Zhang Y, Xu M, Kuang L, Hua D. A strategy for high radioprotective activity via the assembly of the PprI protein with a ROS-sensitive polymeric carrier. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3297-3304. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A strategy is developed for highly effective radioprotection with the PprI protein using a ROS-sensitive polymeric carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Suya Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Yushuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Meiyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
| | - Liangju Kuang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute at Massachusetts Eye and Ear
- Harvard Medical School
- Boston
- USA
| | - Daoben Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection
- School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
- China
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18
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Song G, Cheng L, Chao Y, Yang K, Liu Z. Emerging Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials for Cancer Radiation Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700996. [PMID: 28643452 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT) has been widely used for clinical cancer treatment. However, owing to the low radiation absorption of tumors, high doses of ionizing radiations are often needed during RT, leading to severe damages to normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Meanwhile, the RT efficacies are limited by different mechanisms, among which the tumor hypoxia-associated radiation resistance is a well-known one, as there exists hypoxia inside most solid tumors while oxygen is essential to enhance radiation-induced DNA damages. With the development in nanotechnology, there have been great interests in using nanomedicine strategies to enhance radiation responses of tumors. Nanomaterials containing high-Z elements to absorb radiation rays (e.g. X-ray) can act as radio-sensitizers to deposit radiation energy within tumors and promote treatment efficacy. Nanoscale carriers are able to deliver therapeutic radioisotopes into tumors for internal RIT, or chemotherapeutic drugs for synergistically combined chemo-radiotherapy. As uncovered in recent studies, the tumor microenvironment could be modulated by various nanomedicine approaches to overcome hypoxia-associated radiation resistance. Herein, the authors will summarize the applications of nanomedicine for RT cancer treatment, and pay particular attention to the latest development of 'advanced materials' for enhanced cancer RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Song
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California, 94305-5484, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yu Chao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
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19
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Yu D, Li S, Wang S, Li X, Zhu M, Huang S, Sun L, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang S. Development and Characterization of VEGF165-Chitosan Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury in Rats. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14100182. [PMID: 27727163 PMCID: PMC5082330 DOI: 10.3390/md14100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury, which remains a serious concern in radiation therapy, is currently believed to be the result of vascular endothelial cell injury and apoptosis. Here, we established a model of acute radiation-induced skin injury and compared the effect of different vascular growth factors on skin healing by observing the changes of microcirculation and cell apoptosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was more effective at inhibiting apoptosis and preventing injury progression than other factors. A new strategy for improving the bioavailability of vascular growth factors was developed by loading VEGF with chitosan nanoparticles. The VEGF-chitosan nanoparticles showed a protective effect on vascular endothelial cells, improved the local microcirculation, and delayed the development of radioactive skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojiang Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Shan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Xiujie Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Minsheng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Shai Huang
- Department of Pathology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yongsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Shouli Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
- Institute of Radiology & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Pathology, Suzhou 215123, China.
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20
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Kumar S, Meena R, Rajamani P. Fabrication of BSA-Green Tea Polyphenols-Chitosan Nanoparticles and Their Role in Radioprotection: A Molecular and Biochemical Approach. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:6024-6034. [PMID: 27389300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Normal tissue damage from ionizing radiation during radiotherapy is a major concern in cancer treatment. Tea polyphenols (TPs) have been shown to reduce radiation-induced damage in multiple studies, but their pharmacological application is still limited due to poor bioavailability. The present study was aimed at to increase the TPs bioavailability by nanoformulation by using BSA as the matrix and chitosan as the external shell. Encapsulated TPs nanoparticles were spherical in size and promoted TPs stability in normal and gastrointestinal conditions without losing antioxidant activity. Oral administration of nanoparticles for 3 days prior to irradiation exposure has been shown to protect mice from hematological injuries that result in the reduction of radiation-induced lethality. TPs reduce radiation-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis by restoring the redox status through the Nrf2-ERK pathway and reducing Bax expression, respectively. Regarding potency, encapsulated TPs have shown a significantly higher level of radioprotection than TPs, suggesting that TP nanoparticles can be explored as valuable radioprotective and pharmacotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- School of Life Science and ‡School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ramovatar Meena
- School of Life Science and ‡School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Paulraj Rajamani
- School of Life Science and ‡School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi 110067, India
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