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Murugesan R, Sagar P, Kumar R, Kabra SK, Chaturvedi PK, Khan MA, Singh CA, Kumar R, Thakar A. Long Term Impact of Adeno-tonsillectomy on Immunity Against Respiratory Viral Infections; Evidence Deduced During COVID-19 Pandemic. Indian J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12098-024-05125-x. [PMID: 38710955 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection in patients who have undergone adeno-tonsillectomy (AT) as compared to their siblings. METHODS In this bidirectional cohort control study, 36 cohorts, younger than 18 y, who underwent AT, and 27 controls (siblings of the enrolled cohorts, younger than 18 y) were recruited. Incidence of COVID-19 was analyzed by symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 testing, and SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody measurement. RESULTS In the cohort group, the overall COVID-19 positivity rate was 80.5% (n = 29/36) and symptomatic COVID-19 positivity rate was 68.9% (n = 20/29). Among the controls, the overall COVID-19 positivity rate was 44% (n = 12/27) and symptomatic COVID-19 positivity rate was 16% (n = 2/12). The cohorts had 1.8 times higher risk of contracting COVID-19 infection and the relative risk of symptomatic COVID-19 infections as compared to controls was 4.14. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study indicates that adeno-tonsillectomy poses children at a significantly higher risk of COVID-19 infections and likely other viral upper respiratory tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaneeshwaran Murugesan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Prem Sagar
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Kabra
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Maroof Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chirom Amit Singh
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Alok Thakar
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Siagian SN, Oetama S, Pohan FZ, Mendel B, Lelya O, Sakti DDA, Kurniawati Y. Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in congenital heart disease: A single-center experience in Indonesia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1022183. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1022183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) patients are thought to be vulnerable to COVID-19 complications. In this study, we would like to assess the outcomes and clinical characteristics in COVID-19 CHD patients.MethodA single-center, observational study was conducted in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK). This study included patients with CHD who were hospitalized for COVID-19. The extracted data were baseline characteristics, clinical findings, supportive examination findings, complications, outcomes, and length of stay of the patients. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.ResultTwenty-six patients with CHD and COVID-19 infection were included in our study. There were 24 resolved cases and 2 deaths, four patients experienced complications such as renal insufficiency (1), sepsis (2), and multiorgan failure (1). The median length of stay was 13 days. The most common symptoms experienced by the patients were breathlessness (65.4%), cough (57.7%), and fever (42.3%).ConclusionWe observed a relatively mild COVID-19 clinical course despite prior research showing that patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, such as CHD, have a higher case-fatality rate. This could be because of the smaller sample size, non-standardized diagnosis, severity, treatment, and age group.
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Singh R, Simalti A, Bera P, Saha M. COVID-19 pneumonia in children admitted in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal: A case series. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jpcc.jpcc_70_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Wang L, Li G, Yuan C, Yang Y, Ling G, Zheng J, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Lin W, Lin Z. Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19 in Children: A Review. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:8097-8108. [PMID: 34795516 PMCID: PMC8594783 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s335888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been circulating in many countries around the world, characterized by long incubation period, strong infectivity, strong variability, high population susceptibility and diversified transmission methods. Its causative agent is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Compared with adult patients, the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in children are often dominated by mild or asymptomatic infections, but children are also important virus carriers and play an important role in the transmission of the virus. In addition, some children will show excessive inflammatory response and experience serious complications such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). At present, the research on COVID-19 in children is still imperfect. This article will review epidemiological characteristics, the mechanism of action, variant characteristics, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations and treatment of children with COVID-19, in order to provide help for the diagnosis, treatment and research of children with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuele Yang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongxia Ling
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianlei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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