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Cabañero-Resta GJ, Sánchez-Dengra B, Ruiz-Picazo A, Bermejo M, Merino V, Gonzalez-Alvarez I, Gonzalez-Alvarez M. Pharmaceutical Compounding in Veterinary Medicine: Suspension of Itraconazole. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:576. [PMID: 38794238 PMCID: PMC11125331 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Itraconazole is a drug used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of different varieties of dermatophytosis at doses between 3-5 mg/kg/day in cats. Nevertheless, in Spain, it is only available in the market as a 52 mL suspension at 10 mg/mL. The lack of alternative formulations, which provide sufficient formulation to cover the treatment of large animals or allow the treatment of a group of them, can be overcome with compounding. For this purpose, it has to be considered that itraconazole is a weak base, class II compound, according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System, that can precipitate when reaching the duodenum. The aim of this work is to develop alternative oral formulations of itraconazole for the treatment of dermatophytosis. Several oral compounds of itraconazole were prepared and compared, in terms of dissolution rate, permeability, and stability, in order to provide alternatives to the medicine commercialized. The most promising formulation contained hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and β-cyclodextrin. This combination of excipients was capable of dissolving the same concentration as the reference product and delaying the precipitation of itraconazole upon leaving the stomach. Moreover, the intestinal permeability of itraconazole was increased more than two-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema J. Cabañero-Resta
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València, Vicente Andrés Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (G.J.C.-R.); (V.M.)
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bárbara Sánchez-Dengra
- Engineering: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain; (B.S.-D.); (A.R.-P.); (M.B.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Alejandro Ruiz-Picazo
- Engineering: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain; (B.S.-D.); (A.R.-P.); (M.B.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Marival Bermejo
- Engineering: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain; (B.S.-D.); (A.R.-P.); (M.B.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Virginia Merino
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica y Parasitología, Universitat de València, Vicente Andrés Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (G.J.C.-R.); (V.M.)
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez
- Engineering: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain; (B.S.-D.); (A.R.-P.); (M.B.); (M.G.-A.)
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Alvarez
- Engineering: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Area, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain; (B.S.-D.); (A.R.-P.); (M.B.); (M.G.-A.)
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Gomes CL, de Albuquerque Wanderley Sales V, Gomes de Melo C, Ferreira da Silva RM, Vicente Nishimura RH, Rolim LA, Rolim Neto PJ. Beta-lapachone: Natural occurrence, physicochemical properties, biological activities, toxicity and synthesis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 186:112713. [PMID: 33667813 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
β-Lapachone is an ortho-naphthoquinone originally isolated from the heartwood of Handroanthus impetiginosus and can be obtained through synthesis from lapachol, naphthoquinones, and other aromatic compounds. β-Lapachone is well known to inhibit topoisomerase I and to induce NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1. Currently, phase II clinical trials are being conducted for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In view of ever-increasing scientific interest in this naphthoquinone, herein, the authors present a review of the synthesis, physicochemical properties, biological activities, and toxicity of β-lapachone. This natural compound has shown activity against several types of malignant tumors, such as lung and pancreatic cancers and melanoma. Furthermore, this ortho-naphthoquinone has antifungal and antibacterial activities, underscoring its action against resistant microorganisms and providing anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, antioxidant, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, and wound-healing properties. β-Lapachone presents low toxicity, with no signs of toxicity against alveolar macrophages, dermal fibroblast cells, hepatocytes, or kidney cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Luiz Gomes
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Dos Medicamentos, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Av. Professor Artur de Sá, S/n - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Victor de Albuquerque Wanderley Sales
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Dos Medicamentos, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Av. Professor Artur de Sá, S/n - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Camila Gomes de Melo
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Dos Medicamentos, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Av. Professor Artur de Sá, S/n - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Rosali Maria Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Dos Medicamentos, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Av. Professor Artur de Sá, S/n - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Hideki Vicente Nishimura
- Central de Análise de Fármacos, Medicamentos e Alimentos (CAFMA), Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco, 56304-205, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, S/n - Centro, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Central de Análise de Fármacos, Medicamentos e Alimentos (CAFMA), Federal University of Vale Do São Francisco, 56304-205, Av. José de Sá Maniçoba, S/n - Centro, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | - Pedro José Rolim Neto
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Dos Medicamentos, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Av. Professor Artur de Sá, S/n - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Gong Q, Hu J, Wang P, Li X, Zhang X. A comprehensive review on β-lapachone: Mechanisms, structural modifications, and therapeutic potentials. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112962. [PMID: 33158575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
β-Lapachone (β-lap, 1), an ortho-naphthoquinone natural product isolated from the lapacho tree (Tabebuia avellanedae) in many regions of South America, has received extensive attention due to various pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, anti-Trypanosoma cruzi, anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis, antibacterial, and antimalarial activities. Related mechanisms of β-lap have been widely investigated for a full understanding of its therapeutic potentials. Numerous derivatives of β-lap have been reported with aims to generate new chemical entities, improve the corresponding biological potency, and overcome disadvantages of its physical and chemical properties and safety profiles. This review will give insight into the pharmacological mechanisms of β-lap and provide a comprehensive understanding of its structural modifications with regard to different therapeutic potentials. The available clinical trials related to β-lap and its derivatives are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, And Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Jiabao Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, And Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, And Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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An improved method for the preparation of β-lapachone:2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wu X, Kasselouri A, Vergnaud-Gauduchon J, Rosilio V. Assessment of various formulation approaches for the application of beta-lapachone in prostate cancer therapy. Int J Pharm 2020; 579:119168. [PMID: 32087264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Beta-lapachone (β-Lap) is an anticancer drug activated by the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), an enzyme over-expressed in a large variety of tumors. B-Lap is poorly soluble in water and in most biocompatible solvents. Micellar systems, liposomes and cyclodextrins (CDs) have been proposed for its solubilization. In this work, we analyzed the properties and in vitro efficacy of β-Lap loaded in polymer nanoparticles, liposome bilayers, complexed with sulfobutyl-ether (SBE)- and hydroxypropyl (HP)-β cyclodextrins, or double loaded in phospholipid vesicles. Nanoparticles led to the lowest drug loading. Encapsulation of [β-Lap:CD] complexes in vesicles made it possible to slightly increase the encapsulation rate of the drug in liposomes, however at the cost of poor encapsulation efficiency. Cytotoxicity tests generally showed a higher sensitivity of NIH 3T3 and PNT2 cells to the treatment compared to PC-3 cells, but also a slight resistance at high β-Lap concentrations. None of the studied β-Lap delivery systems showed significant enhanced cytotoxicity against PC-3 cells compared to the free drug. Cyclodextrins and double loaded vesicles, however, appeared more efficient drug delivery systems than liposomes and nanoparticles, combining both good solubilizing and cytotoxic properties. Ligand-functionalized double loaded liposomes might allow overcoming the lack of selectivity of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Athena Kasselouri
- Université Paris-Saclay, Lip(Sys)(2), Chimie Analytique Pharmaceutique, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Véronique Rosilio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Anticancer Potential of Resveratrol, β-Lapachone and Their Analogues. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040893. [PMID: 32085381 PMCID: PMC7070981 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to explore the potential of resveratrol, a polyphenol stilbene, and beta-lapachone, a naphthoquinone, as well as their derivatives, in the development of new drug candidates for cancer. A brief history of these compounds is reviewed along with their potential effects and mechanisms of action and the most recent attempts to improve their bioavailability and potency against different types of cancer.
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Xavier-Junior FH, Rabello MM, Hernandes MZ, Dias MES, Andrada OHMS, Bezerra BP, Ayala AP, Santos-Magalhães NS. Supramolecular interactions between β-lapachone with cyclodextrins studied using isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular modeling. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [PMID: 28675505 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular interactions between β-lapachone (β-lap) and cyclodextrins (CDs) were investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The most favorable host: guest interaction was characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry (DSC/TG), spectroscopy (FT-IR), spectroscopy (2D ROESY) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular modeling. Phase solubility diagrams showed β-, HP-β-, SBE-β-, γ-, and HP-γ-CDs at 1.5% (w/w) allowed an increase in apparent solubility of β-lap with enhancement factors of 12.0, 10.1, 11.8, 2.4, and 2.2, respectively. β-lap has a weak interaction with γ- and HP-γ-CDs and tends to interact more favorably with β-CD and its derivatives, especially SBE-β-CD (K = 4160 M-1 ; ΔG = -20.66 kJ·mol-1 ). Thermodynamic analysis suggests a hydrophobic interaction associated with the displacement of water from the cavity of the CD by the β-lap. In addition, van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds were responsible for the formation of complexes. Taken together, the results showed intermolecular interactions between β-lap and SBE-β-CD, thereby confirming the formation of the inclusion complex. Molecular docking results showed 2 main orientations in which the interaction of benzene moiety at the wider rim of the SBE-β-CD is the most stable (average docking energy of -7.0 kcal/mol). In conclusion, β-lap:SBE-β-CD is proposed as an approach for use in drug delivery systems in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco H Xavier-Junior
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo-Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Rabello
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Química Teórica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Z Hernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Química Teórica Medicinal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marília E S Dias
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo-Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Otoni H M S Andrada
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo-Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Beatriz P Bezerra
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alejandro P Ayala
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Nereide S Santos-Magalhães
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo-Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Bermejo M, Mangas-Sanjuan V, Gonzalez-Alvarez I, Gonzalez-Alvarez M. Enhancing Oral Absorption of β-Lapachone: Progress Till Date. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 42:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-016-0369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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