1
|
Obermeier PE, Buder SC, Hillen U. Pockenvirusinfektionen in der Dermatologie: Poxvirus infections in dermatology - the neglected, the notable, and the notorious. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:56-96. [PMID: 38212918 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15257_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie Familie Poxviridae umfasst derzeit 22 Gattungen, die Wirbeltiere infizieren können. Humanpathogene Pockenviren gehören den Gattungen Ortho‐, Para‐, Mollusci‐ und Yatapoxvirus an. Bis zur Eradikation der Variola vera im Jahr 1979 waren die Pocken, im Volksmund auch Blattern genannt, eine schwerwiegende Gesundheitsbedrohung für die Bevölkerung. Noch heute sind Dermatologen mit zahlreichen Pockenvirusinfektionen konfrontiert, wie den Bauernhofpocken, die als Zoonosen nach Tierkontakten in ländlichen Gebieten oder nach Massenversammlungen auftreten können. In den Tropen können Erkrankungen durch Tanapox‐ oder Vaccinia‐Viren zu den Differenzialdiagnosen gehören. Dellwarzen sind weltweit verbreitet und werden in bestimmten Fällen als sexuell übertragbare Pockenvirusinfektion angesehen. In jüngster Zeit hatten sich Mpox (Affenpocken) zu einer gesundheitlichen Notlage von internationaler Tragweite entwickelt, die eine rasche Identifizierung und angemessene Behandlung durch Dermatologen und Infektiologen erfordert. Fortschritte und neue Erkenntnisse über Epidemiologie, Diagnose, klinische Manifestationen und Komplikationen sowie Behandlung und Prävention von Pockenvirusinfektionen erfordern ein hohes Maß an Fachwissen und interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit in den Bereichen Virologie, Infektiologie und Dermatologie. Dieser CME‐Artikel bietet einen aktualisierten systematischen Überblick, um praktizierende Dermatologen bei der Identifizierung, Differenzialdiagnose und Behandlung klinisch relevanter Pockenvirusinfektionen zu unterstützen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Obermeier
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Deutschland
- Abteilung für Infektionskrankheiten, Vaccine Safety Initiative, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Susanne C Buder
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Deutschland
- Konsiliarlabor für Gonokokken, Fachgebiet Sexuell übertragbare bakterielle Krankheitserreger, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Uwe Hillen
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Obermeier PE, Buder SC, Hillen U. Poxvirus infections in dermatology - the neglected, the notable, and the notorious. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:56-93. [PMID: 38085140 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The family Poxviridae currently comprises 22 genera that infect vertebrates. Of these, members of the Ortho-, Para-, Mollusci- and Yatapoxvirus genera have been associated with human diseases of high clinical relevance in dermatology. Historically, smallpox had been a notorious health threat until it was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization in 1979. Today, dermatologists are confronted with a variety of poxviral infections, such as farmyard pox, which occurs as a zoonotic infection after contact with animals. In the tropics, tanapox or vaccinia may be in the differential diagnosis as neglected tropical dermatoses. Molluscum contagiosum virus infection accounts for significant disease burden worldwide and is classified as a sexually transmitted infection in certain scenarios. Recently, mpox (monkeypox) has emerged as a public health emergency of international concern, requiring rapid recognition and appropriate management by dermatologists and infectious disease specialists. Advances and new insights into the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations and complications, treatment, and prevention of poxviral infections require a high level of expertise and interdisciplinary skills from healthcare professionals linking virology, infectious diseases, and dermatology. This CME article provides a systematic overview and update to assist the practicing dermatologist in the identification, differential diagnosis, and management of poxviral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Obermeier
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Vivantes Hospital Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Safety Initiative, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne C Buder
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Vivantes Hospital Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
- German Reference Laboratory for Gonococci, Unit Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Pathogens, Department for Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Hillen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Vivantes Hospital Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schwartz DA, Ha S, Dashraath P, Baud D, Pittman PR, Adams Waldorf K. Mpox Virus in Pregnancy, the Placenta, and Newborn. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2023; 147:746-757. [PMID: 36857117 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0520-sa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Before its eradication, the smallpox virus was a significant cause of poor obstetric outcomes, including maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The mpox (monkeypox) virus is now the most pathogenic member of the Orthopoxvirus genus infecting humans. The 2022 global mpox outbreak has focused attention on its potential effects during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE.— To understand the comparative effects of different poxvirus infections on pregnancy, including mpox virus, variola virus, vaccinia virus, and cowpox virus. The impact on the pregnant individual, fetus, and placenta will be examined, with particular attention to the occurrence of intrauterine vertical transmission and congenital infection. DATA SOURCES.— The data are obtained from the authors' cases and from various published sources, including early historical information and contemporary publications. CONCLUSIONS.— Smallpox caused maternal and perinatal death, with numerous cases reported of intrauterine transmission. In endemic African countries, mpox has also affected pregnant individuals, with up to a 75% perinatal case fatality rate. Since the start of the 2022 mpox outbreak, increasing numbers of pregnant women have been infected with the virus. A detailed description is given of the congenital mpox syndrome in a stillborn fetus, resulting from maternal-fetal transmission and placental infection, and the potential mechanisms of intrauterine infection are discussed. Other poxviruses, notably vaccinia virus and, in 1 case, cowpox virus, can also cause perinatal infection. Based on the historical evidence of poxvirus infections, mpox remains a threat to the pregnant population, and it can be expected that additional cases will occur in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Schwartz
- From Perinatal Pathology Consulting, Atlanta, Georgia (Schwartz)
| | - Sandy Ha
- The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle (Ha)
| | - Pradip Dashraath
- The Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (Dashraath)
| | - David Baud
- Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Baud)
| | - Phillip R Pittman
- The Department of Clinical Research, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Maryland (Pittman)
| | - Kristina Adams Waldorf
- The Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Global Health, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (Adams Waldorf)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Oliveira Lopes GA, Ferreira LR, de Souza Trindade G, Fonseca AA, Dos Reis JKP. qPCR assay for the detection of pseudocowpox virus. Arch Virol 2020; 166:243-247. [PMID: 33159590 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04872-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pseudocowpox is a zoonosis caused by pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), which mainly affects cows but can be an occupational disease of humans. The aim of the study was to validate a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for the detection of PCPV. The assay was able to detect up to 1000 copies of PCPV per µL in field samples, with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100%. We did not observe any cross-reactivity between PCPV-positive samples and samples that were positive for other genetically similar viruses. The repeatability and reproducibility were adequate according to parameters preestablished in official test validation manuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Augusto de Oliveira Lopes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório Federal de Defesa Agropecuária, Pedro Leopoldo, Brazil
| | | | - Giliane de Souza Trindade
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Jenner Karlisson Pimenta Dos Reis
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ziba MW, Chitala C, Settypalli TBK, Mumba M, Cattoli G, Fandamu P, Lamien CE. First detection and molecular characterisation of pseudocowpox virus in a cattle herd in Zambia. Virol J 2020; 17:152. [PMID: 33036619 PMCID: PMC7547423 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) of the genus Parapoxvirus in the family Poxviridae causes pseudocowpox in cattle worldwide and presents a zoonotic concern. Most poxviruses produce diseases of similar clinical signs in affected animals, which are impossible to differentiate clinically or by serology. It is, therefore, vital to use molecular assays to rapidly identify the causative agents of poxvirus infections. This study aimed to detect, diagnose, and characterize the causative agent of pox-like skin lesions in a cattle herd in Zambia, initially suspected to be infected with Lumpy Skin Disease virus. METHODS We used a High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis assay to detect the PCPV genome and sequenced the major envelope protein (B2L gene) for comparative sequence and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS Our field investigations showed cattle presenting atypical skin lesions and high morbidity within the herd. The laboratory diagnosis, based on the HRM assay revealed PCPV DNA in the samples. Phylogenetic and comparative sequence analyses confirmed PCPV in the samples and revealed genomic differences between samples collected in 2017 and 2018 from the same farm. CONCLUSION Our work is the first documented report of PCPV in Zambia. It shows the strength of molecular methods to diagnose pox-like infections in cattle and discriminate between diseases causing similar clinical signs. This rapid and accurate diagnosis improves the response time for more accurate veterinary interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Wakwamba Ziba
- Department of Veterinary Services Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Central Veterinary Research Institute, P.O Box 33980, Lusaka, Zambia.
| | - Chanda Chitala
- Department of Veterinary Services Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Central Veterinary Research Institute, P.O Box 33980, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Tirumala Bharani K Settypalli
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Malama Mumba
- Department of Veterinary Services Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Central Veterinary Research Institute, P.O Box 33980, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Fandamu
- Department of Veterinary Services Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Central Veterinary Research Institute, P.O Box 33980, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Charles Euloge Lamien
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ebling R, Martins B, Jardim JC, Flores MM, Diel DG, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Late development of pustular, erosive lesions in the muzzle of calves inoculated with Pseudocowpox virus. Microb Pathog 2020; 143:104122. [PMID: 32169495 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We studied the pathogenesis of Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), a zoonotic parapoxvirus associated with mucocutaneous lesions in cattle. Inoculation of calves with PCPV isolate SD 76-65 intranasally (n = 6) or transdermally in the muzzle (n = 2) resulted in virus replication and shedding up to day 13 post-infection (pi). No local or systemic signs were observed in inoculated calves up to day 20pi, when the clinical monitoring was discontinued. However, from days 28-34 pi, seven (7/8) inoculated calves underwent an asynchronous clinical course characterized by development of a few (one or two) to countless papulo-pustular, erosive-fibrinous and scabby lesions in the muzzle, in some cases extending to the lips and gingiva. In some animals, the lesions coalesced, forming extensive fibrinotic/necrotic and scabby plaques covering almost entirely the muzzle. The clinical course lasted 8-15 days and spontaneously subsided after day 42pi. Infectious virus and/or viral DNA were detected in swabs collected from lesions of 5/8 animals between days 34 and 42pi. Histological examination of fragments collected from the muzzle lesions of two affected calves (day 36pi) revealed marked epidermal hyperplasia and severe orthokeratotic and parakeratotic hyperkeratosis, covered by thick scabs. The epidermis showed multifocal areas of keratinocyte coalescing necrosis and mild multifocal vacuolar degeneration. Sera of inoculated calves at 50pi showed partial virus neutralization at low dilutions, demonstrating seroconversion. The delayed and severe clinical course associated with virus persistence in lesions are novel findings and contribute for the understanding of PCPV pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Ebling
- Virology Section, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, UFSM, Brazil
| | - B Martins
- Virology Section, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Em Medicina Veterinária, UFSM, Brazil
| | - J C Jardim
- Virology Section, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - M M Flores
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - D G Diel
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - R Weiblen
- Virology Section, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - E F Flores
- Virology Section, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Andreani J, Fongue J, Bou Khalil JY, David L, Mougari S, Le Bideau M, Abrahão J, Berbis P, La Scola B. Human Infection with Orf Virus and Description of Its Whole Genome, France, 2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:2197-2204. [PMID: 31742503 PMCID: PMC6874271 DOI: 10.3201/eid2512.181513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic transmission of parapoxvirus from animals to humans has been reported; clinical manifestations are skin lesions on the fingers and hands after contact with infected animals. We report a human infection clinically suspected as being ecthyma contagiosum. The patient, a 65-year-old woman, had 3 nodules on her hands. She reported contact with a sheep during the Aïd-el-Fitr festival in France during 2017. We isolated the parapoxvirus orf virus from these nodules by using a nonconventional cell and sequenced the orf genome. We identified a novel orf virus genome and compared it with genomes of other orf viruses. More research is needed on the genus Parapoxvirus to understand worldwide distribution of and infection by orf virus, especially transmission between goats and sheep.
Collapse
|
8
|
Şevik M. Orf virus circulation in cattle in Turkey. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 65:1-6. [PMID: 31300096 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Orf virus (ORFV) causes contagious skin disease that mainly affects sheep and goats with zoonotic potential. However, there is not enough information about the association between ORFV and occurrence of skin disease in cattle. The present study describes outbreaks of ORFV infection in cattle in different provinces that are located in the Aegean, Central Anatolian and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. During the months of June and August 2017, vesicular fluid and scab samples were collected from cattle which had proliferative skin lesions. First, presence of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2, known as the causative agent of pseudo-lumpy skin disease) were investigated by real time PCR and PCR, respectively. Then, samples tested for the presence of parapoxviruses by PCR using primers specific to major envelope protein gene (B2L). Parapoxvirus DNA was detected in investigated samples whereas LSDV and BoHV-2 DNA were not detected. The analysis of the B2L gene sequences revealed that cattle were infected with ORFV. The isolates in the present study shared 100% sequence identity at the nucleotide and amino acid level when compared with previously characterised Turkish field ORFV isolates from goats in 2016. Results of the study show unusual infection of cattle with ORFV, and suggest that ORFV jumps the host species barrier from goats to cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Şevik
- Department of Virology, Veterinary Faculty, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, 31040 Hatay, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chakhunashvili G, Carlson BF, Power L, Khmaladze E, Tsaguria D, Gavashelidze M, Zakhashvili K, Imnadze P, Boulton ML. Parapoxvirus Infections in the Country of Georgia: A Case Series. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 98:1870-1875. [PMID: 29637879 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by viruses of the parapoxvirus (PPV) genus, including orf and pseudocowpox viruses, are frequently seen in both humans and animals in many regions of the world. These infections are often misdiagnosed or neglected because of the lack of clinician awareness, inadequate diagnostic capacity, and their relatively mild disease presentation, which may result in affected individuals not seeking medical attention. Although PPV infections should be routinely considered in patients with cutaneous lesions, especially in those who have occupational exposure to farm animals, they are often excluded from the differential diagnosis because they are not perceived as serious, resulting in underestimation of the burden of disease. Since 2014, significant enhancements to Georgia's epidemiologic and laboratory capacity have made PPV surveillance and detection possible. In this study, we present information on 27 confirmed cases of PPV infection reported to Georgia's national surveillance system from January 2016 through January 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Davit Tsaguria
- National Centers for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mari Gavashelidze
- National Centers for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Paata Imnadze
- National Centers for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Blomqvist G, Ullman K, Segall T, Hauzenberger E, Renström L, Persson-Waller K, Leijon M, Valarcher JF. An unusual presentation of pseudocowpox associated with an outbreak of pustular ulcerative vulvovaginitis in a Swedish dairy herd. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 30:256-259. [PMID: 29153035 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717737126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Species Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV; family Poxviridae) is known to cause pustular cutaneous disease in cattle. We describe an outbreak of pseudocowpox with an unusual clinical picture in a free-stall dairy herd of ~80 cows. Approximately 90% of the cows had vesicles, erosions, papules, and scabs on the vulva and vaginal mucosa. Histologic analysis of biopsy tissues indicated a primary, although not specified, viral infection. Transmission electron microscopy revealed parapoxvirus particles in both tissue and vesicular materials. Deep sequencing analysis of extracted DNA from swabbed vesicle areas gave a contig of nearly 120,000 nucleotides, matching the PCPV strain VR 634 with 100% identity. Analyses confirmed the absence of other potential causes of pustular vulvovaginitis such as bovine herpesvirus 1 and Ureaplasma diversum. A rolling cow brush was suspected to be the fomite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunilla Blomqvist
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Karin Ullman
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Thomas Segall
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Elenor Hauzenberger
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Lena Renström
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Karin Persson-Waller
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Mikael Leijon
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| | - Jean-Francois Valarcher
- Departments of Microbiology (Blomqvist, Ullman, Renström, Leijon), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Pathology and Wildlife Disease (Segall), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies (Persson-Waller), National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.,The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden (Hauzenberger).,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Valarcher)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Laguardia-Nascimento M, de Oliveira APF, Azevedo IC, Rivetti Júnior AV, Camargos MF, Fonseca Júnior AA. Spread of poxviruses in livestock in Brazil associated with cases of double and triple infection. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2797-2801. [PMID: 28516287 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work is to describe the distribution of outbreaks of vaccinia virus (VACV), pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), and bovine papular stomatitis virus (BSPV) in Brazil. The Official Laboratory of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture received 89 samples from different locations in Brazil in 2015 and 2016 for diagnosis of vesicular and exanthematous disease. Poxvirus coinfections occurred in 11 out of 33 outbreaks, including the first reported triple infection by BPSV, PCPV, and VACV. This occurrence may be associated with the circulation of these viruses in Brazilian cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Laguardia-Nascimento
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Avenida Rômulo Joviano, Centro, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, 33600-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira de Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Avenida Rômulo Joviano, Centro, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, 33600-000, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ciarlini Azevedo
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Avenida Rômulo Joviano, Centro, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, 33600-000, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Fernandes Camargos
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Avenida Rômulo Joviano, Centro, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, 33600-000, Brazil
| | - Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior
- Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minas Gerais, Avenida Rômulo Joviano, Centro, Pedro Leopoldo, Minas Gerais, 33600-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Akkutay-Yoldar Z, Oguzoglu TC, Akça Y. Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of orf virus in Aleppo and Saanen goats from an outbreak in Turkey. Virol Sin 2017; 31:270-3. [PMID: 26817941 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-015-3684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Akkutay-Yoldar
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Diskapi, 06110, Turkey.
| | - Tuba Cigdem Oguzoglu
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Diskapi, 06110, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Akça
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Diskapi, 06110, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gelaye E, Mach L, Kolodziejek J, Grabherr R, Loitsch A, Achenbach JE, Nowotny N, Diallo A, Lamien CE. A novel HRM assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of eight poxviruses of medical and veterinary importance. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42892. [PMID: 28216667 PMCID: PMC5316968 DOI: 10.1038/srep42892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Poxviruses belonging to the Orthopoxvirus, Capripoxvirus and Parapoxvirus genera share common host species and create a challenge for diagnosis. Here, we developed a novel multiplex PCR method for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of eight poxviruses, belonging to three genera: cowpox virus (CPXV) and camelpox virus (CMLV) [genus Orthopoxvirus]; goatpox virus (GTPV), sheeppox virus (SPPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) [genus Capripoxvirus]; orf virus (ORFV), pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) and bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) [genus Parapoxvirus]. The assay is based on high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRMCA) of PCR amplicons produced using genus specific primer pairs and dsDNA binding dye. Differences in fragment size and GC content were used as discriminating power. The assay generated three well separated melting regions for each genus and provided additional intra-genus genotyping allowing the differentiation of the eight poxviruses based on amplicon melting temperature. Out of 271 poxviral DNA samples tested: seven CPXV, 25 CMLV, 42 GTPV, 20 SPPV, 120 LSDV, 33 ORFV, 20 PCPV and two BPSV were detected; two samples presented co-infection with CMLV and PCPV. The assay provides a rapid, sensitive, specific and cost-effective method for the detection of pox diseases in a broad range of animal species and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esayas Gelaye
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- Research and Development Department, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 19, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Lukas Mach
- Institute of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jolanta Kolodziejek
- Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Loitsch
- Institute for Veterinary Disease Control, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Robert Koch-Gasse 17, A-2340 Mödling, Austria
| | - Jenna E. Achenbach
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Nowotny
- Viral Zoonoses, Emerging and Vector-Borne Infections Group, Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai Healthcare City, P.O. Box 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adama Diallo
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles Euloge Lamien
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Laguardia-Nascimento M, de Oliveira APF, Fernandes FRP, Rivetti AV, Camargos MF, Fonseca Júnior AA. Detection of pseudocowpox virus in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) with vesicular disease in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2016. Vet Q 2016; 37:16-22. [PMID: 27774853 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2016.1252479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parapoxviruses are zoonotic viruses that infect cattle, goats and sheep; there have also been reports of infections in camels, domestic cats and seals. OBJECTIVE The objective of this report was to describe a case of vesicular disease caused by pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Brazil. ANIMALS Sixty buffalo less than 6 months old exhibited ulcers and widespread peeling of the tongue epithelium. There were no cases of vesicular disease in pigs or horses on the same property. METHODS Samples were analysed by PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis in MEGA 7.01 was reconstructed using major envelope protein (B2L) by the Tamura three-parameter nucleotide substitution model and the maximum likelihood and neighbor joining models, both with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The genetic distance between the groups was analysed in MEGA using the maximum composite likelihood model. The rate variation among sites was modeled using gamma distribution. RESULTS The presence of PCPV in the buffalo herd could be demonstrated in epithelium and serum. The minimum genetic distance between the isolated PCPV strain (262-2016) and orf virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus was 6.7% and 18.4%, respectively. The maximum genetic distance calculated was 4.6% when compared with a PCPV detected in a camel. Conclusions/Clinical Importance: The peculiar position of the isolated strain in the phylogenetic trees does not necessarily indicate a different kind of PCPV that infects buffalo. More samples from cattle and buffalo in Brazil must be sequenced and compared to verify if PCPV from buffalo are genetically different from samples derived from cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Laguardia-Nascimento
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minhas Gerais , Pedro Leopoldo , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira de Oliveira
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minhas Gerais , Pedro Leopoldo , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodas Pires Fernandes
- b Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Doenças Virais, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minhas Gerais , Pedro Leopoldo , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Anselmo Vasconcelos Rivetti
- b Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Doenças Virais, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minhas Gerais , Pedro Leopoldo , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fernandes Camargos
- b Laboratório de Diagnóstico de Doenças Virais, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minhas Gerais , Pedro Leopoldo , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior
- a Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário de Minhas Gerais , Pedro Leopoldo , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|