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Younas M, Zou H, Laraib T, Rajpoot NA, Khan NA, Zaidi AA, Ayaz Kachelo G, Akhtar MW, Hayat S, Al-Sadi AM, Sayed S, Kesba H, Ansari MJ, Zuan ATK, Li Y, Arif M. The impact of insecticides and plant extracts on the suppression of insect vector (Bemisia tabaci) of Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256449. [PMID: 34529693 PMCID: PMC8445409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) is an important constraint in successful production of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in many countries, including Pakistan. The MYMV spreads by insect vector whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius). The use of resistant cultivars is the most effective management tactics for MYMV. Twenty mungbean varieties/lines were screened against insect vector of MYMV under field condition in the current study. Resistance levels for varieties/lines were assessed through visual scoring of typical disease symptoms. Furthermore, the impacts of two insecticides 'Imidacloprid' and 'Thiamethoxam' and two plant extracts, i.e., neem (Azadirachta indica), and Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) were tested on the suppression of whitefly. Field screening indicated that none of the tested varieties/lines proved immune/highly resistant, while significant variations were recorded among varieties/lines for resistance level. All varieties/lines were systemically infected with MYMV. The varieties 'AARI-2006' and 'Mung-14043' were considered as resistant to MYMV based on visual symptoms and the lowest vector population. These varieties were followed by 'NM-2006' and 'NL-31', which proved as moderately resistant to MYMV. All remaining varieties/lines were grouped as moderately to highly susceptible to MYMV based on visual symptoms' scoring. These results revealed that existing mungbean germplasm do not possess high resistance level MYMV. However, the lines showing higher resistance in the current study must be exploited in breeding programs for the development of resistant mungbean varieties/lines against MYMV. Imidacloprid proved as the most effective insecticide at all concentrations to manage whitefly population. Therefore, use of the varieties with higher resistance level and spraying Imidacloprid could lower the incidence of MYMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Huasong Zou
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tasmia Laraib
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Ahmad Rajpoot
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Ahmad Khan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anas Ahmad Zaidi
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqar Akhtar
- Department of Soil Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Shoukat Hayat
- Department of Forestry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M. Al-Sadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Alkhoud, Oman
| | - Samy Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosny Kesba
- Zoology and Agricultural Nematology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad, India
| | - Ali Tan Kee Zuan
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yunzhou Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Ramesh SV, Shivakumar M, Praveen S, Chouhan BS, Chand S. Expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting AC2 gene of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) reduces the viral titre in soybean. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:334. [PMID: 31475086 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) belonging to the family Geminiviridae and the genus Begomovirus is a severe pathogen of tropical legumes including soybean. The absence of genetically mapped loci conferring resistance together with the genetic diversity of begomoviruses infecting soybean warrants the utilization of RNA interference (RNAi) technology to develop virus resistance. However, viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) reduce the effectiveness of RNA silencing. Here, we report the effectiveness of Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of shRNA, targeting a conserved region of AC2 ORF (a VSR) of MYMIV, in conferring virus resistance in soybean. Transient expression of shRNA showed progressive reduction of the viral titre estimated by the MYMIV-derived AC2 gene copy numbers from the initial inoculum by approximately 80-fold 20 days post-application. In addition, the newly emerging leaves exhibited symptom recovery. Thus, this study proves that AC2 of MYMIV is a potent target gene for obtaining RNAi-mediated virus resistance in soybean. Agro-infiltration-based delivery of shRNA was an efficient means of gene silencing and could pave way for the development of transgenic virus-resistant soybean genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunmugiah V Ramesh
- 1ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research (ICAR-IISR), Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452001 India
- 4ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (ICAR-CPCRI), Kasaragod, Kerala 671 124 India
| | - Maranna Shivakumar
- 1ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research (ICAR-IISR), Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452001 India
| | - Shelly Praveen
- 2ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Bhagat S Chouhan
- 3School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya (DAVV), Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452001 India
| | - Suresh Chand
- 3School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya (DAVV), Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452001 India
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Kushawaha AK, Dasgupta I. Infectivity of cloned begomoviral DNAs: an appraisal. Virusdisease 2018; 30:13-21. [PMID: 31143828 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-018-0453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectivity of cloned begomoviral DNAs is an important criterion to establish the etiology of the disease it causes, to study viral gene functions and host-virus interactions. Three main methods have been employed to study infectivity; mechanical inoculation with cloned viral DNA using abrasives, Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation (agroinoculation) of cloned viral DNA and bombardment using microprojectiles coated with cloned viral DNA (biolistics). Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages and the adoption of one over the other for demonstrating infectivity depends on various factors. This review compares the various features associated with the above three methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Kushawaha
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021 India
| | - Indranil Dasgupta
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021 India
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4
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Kumar S, Tanti B, Patil BL, Mukherjee SK, Sahoo L. RNAi-derived transgenic resistance to Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in cowpea. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186786. [PMID: 29077738 PMCID: PMC5659608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea is an important grain legume crop of Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia. Leaf curl and golden mosaic diseases caused by Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) have emerged as most devastating viral diseases of cowpea in Southeast Asia. In this study, we employed RNA interference (RNAi) strategy to control cowpea-infecting MYMIV. For this, we generated transgenic cowpea plants harbouring three different intron hairpin RNAi constructs, containing the AC2, AC4 and fusion of AC2 and AC4 (AC2+AC4) of seven cowpea-infecting begomoviruses. The T0 and T1 transgenic cowpea lines of all the three constructs accumulated transgene-specific siRNAs. Transgenic plants were further assayed up to T1 generations, for resistance to MYMIV using agro-infectious clones. Nearly 100% resistance against MYMIV infection was observed in transgenic lines, expressing AC2-hp and AC2+AC4-hp RNA, when compared with untransformed controls and plants transformed with empty vectors, which developed severe viral disease symptoms within 3 weeks. The AC4-hp RNA expressing lines displayed appearance of milder symptoms after 5 weeks of MYMIV-inoculation. Northern blots revealed a positive correlation between the level of transgene-specific siRNAs accumulation and virus resistance. The MYMIV-resistant transgenic lines accumulated nearly zero or very low titres of viral DNA. The transgenic cowpea plants had normal phenotype with no yield penalty in greenhouse conditions. This is the first demonstration of RNAi-derived resistance to MYMIV in cowpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bhaben Tanti
- Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Basavaprabhu L. Patil
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, LBS Centre, IARI, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mukherjee
- Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
- * E-mail:
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