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Stawoska I, Wesełucha-Birczyńska A, Golebiowska-Paluch G. Temperature-Caused Changes in Raman Pattern and Protein Profiles of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale, Wittm.) Field-Grown Seedlings. Molecules 2024; 29:1933. [PMID: 38731424 PMCID: PMC11085197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change, which causes periods with relatively high temperatures in winter in Poland, can lead to a shortening or interruption of the cold hardening of crops. Previous research indicates that cold acclimation is of key importance in the process of acquiring cereal tolerance to stress factors. The objective of this work was to verify the hypothesis that both natural temperature fluctuations and the plant genotype influence the content of metabolites as well as proteins, including antioxidant enzymes and photosystem proteins. The research material involved four winter triticale genotypes, differing in their tolerance to stress under controlled conditions. The values of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and antioxidant activity were measured in their seedlings. Subsequently, the contribution of selected proteins was verified using specific antibodies. In parallel, the profiling of the contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and proteins was carried out by Raman spectroscopy. The obtained results indicate that a better PSII performance along with a higher photosystem II proteins content and thioredoxin reductase abundance were accompanied by a higher antioxidant activity in the field-grown triticale seedlings. The Raman studies showed that the cold hardening led to a variation in photosynthetic dyes and an increase in the phenolic to carotenoids ratio in all DH lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Stawoska
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland;
| | | | - Gabriela Golebiowska-Paluch
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland;
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Bolouri P, Haliloğlu K, Mohammadi SA, Türkoğlu A, İlhan E, Niedbała G, Szulc P, Niazian M. Identification of Novel QTLs Associated with Frost Tolerance in Winter Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1641. [PMID: 37111864 PMCID: PMC10146367 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature (cold) and freezing stress is a major problem during winter wheat growth. Low temperature tolerance (LT) is an important agronomic trait in winter wheat and determines the plants' ability to cope with below-freezing temperatures; thus, the development of cold-tolerant cultivars has become a major goal of breeding in various regions of the world. In this study, we sought to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) using molecular markers related to freezing tolerance in winter. Thirty-four polymorphic markers among 425 SSR markers were obtained for the population, including 180 inbred lines of F12 generation wheat, derived from crosses (Norstar × Zagros) after testing with parents. LT50 is used as an effective selection criterion for identifying frost-tolerance genotypes. The progeny of individual F12 plants were used to evaluate LT50. Several QTLs related to wheat yield, including heading time period, 1000-seed weight, and number of surviving plants after overwintering, were identified. Single-marker analysis illustrated that four SSR markers with a total of 25% phenotypic variance determination were linked to LT50. Related QTLs were located on chromosomes 4A, 2B, and 3B. Common QTLs identified in two cropping seasons based on agronomical traits were two QTLs for heading time period, one QTL for 1000-seed weight, and six QTLs for number of surviving plants after overwintering. The four markers identified linked to LT50 significantly affected both LT50 and yield-related traits simultaneously. This is the first report to identify a major-effect QTL related to frost tolerance on chromosome 4A by the marker XGWM160. It is possible that some QTLs are closely related to pleiotropic effects that control two or more traits simultaneously, and this feature can be used as a factor to select frost-resistant lines in plant breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Bolouri
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kamil Haliloğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seyyed Abolghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Aras Türkoğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42310 Konya, Turkey
| | - Emre İlhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gniewko Niedbała
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Szulc
- Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mohsen Niazian
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj 6616936311, Iran
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Golebiowska-Paluch G, Dyda M. The Genome Regions Associated with Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerance, as Well as Other Important Breeding Traits in Triticale. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:619. [PMID: 36771703 PMCID: PMC9919094 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This review article presents the greatest challenges in modern triticale breeding. Genetic maps that were developed and described thus far, together with the quantitative trait loci and candidate genes linked to important traits are also described. The most important part of this review is dedicated to a winter triticale mapping population based on doubled haploid lines obtained from a cross of the cultivars 'Hewo' and 'Magnat'. Many research studies on this population have focused on the analysis of quantitative trait loci regions associated with abiotic (drought and freezing) and biotic (pink snow mold and powdery mildew) stress tolerance as well as related to other important breeding traits such as stem length, plant height, spike length, number of the productive spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, and thousand kernel weight. In addition, candidate genes located among these regions are described in detail. A comparison analysis of all of these results revealed the location of common quantitative trait loci regions on the rye chromosomes 4R, 5R, and 6R, with a particular emphasis on chromosome 5R. Described here are the candidate genes identified in the above genome regions that may potentially play an important role in the analysis of trait expression. Nevertheless, these results should guide further research using molecular methods of gene identification and it is worth extending the research to other mapping populations. The article is also a review of research led by other authors on the triticale tolerance to the most current stress factors appearing in the breeding.
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Hura T, Hura K, Dziurka K, Ostrowska A, Urban K. Cell dehydration of intergeneric hybrid induces subgenome-related specific responses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13855. [PMID: 36648214 PMCID: PMC10108068 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to identify subgenome-related specific responses in two types of triticale, that is, of the wheat-dominated genome (WDG) and rye-dominated genome (RDG), to water stress induced in the early phase (tillering) of plant growth. Higher activity of the primary metabolism of carbohydrates is a feature of the WDG type, while the dominance of the rye genome is associated with a higher activity of the secondary metabolism of phenolic compounds in the RDG type. The study analyzed carbohydrates and key enzymes of their synthesis, free phenolic compounds and carbohydrate-related components of the cell wall, monolignols, and shikimic acid (ShA), which is a key link between the primary and secondary metabolism of phenolic compounds. Under water stress, dominance of the wheat genome in the WDG type was manifested by an increased accumulation of the large subunit of Rubisco and sucrose phosphate synthase and a higher content of raffinose and stachyose compared with the RDG type. In dehydrated RDG plants, higher activity of L-phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and L-tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL), as well as a higher level of ShA, free and cell wall-bound p-hydroxybenzoic acid, free homovanillic acid, free sinapic acid, and cell wall-bound syringic acid can be considered biochemical indicators of the dominance of the rye genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Hura
- Polish Academy of SciencesThe Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant PhysiologyKrakówPoland
| | - Katarzyna Hura
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, Faculty of Agriculture and EconomicsAgricultural UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- Polish Academy of SciencesThe Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant PhysiologyKrakówPoland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Polish Academy of SciencesThe Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant PhysiologyKrakówPoland
| | - Karolina Urban
- Polish Academy of SciencesThe Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant PhysiologyKrakówPoland
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Ghalami RZ, Kamran M, Van Breusegem F, Karpiński S. To Be or Not to Be? Are Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidants, and Stress Signalling Universal Determinants of Life or Death? Cells 2022; 11:cells11244105. [PMID: 36552869 PMCID: PMC9777155 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the environmental and organism context, oxidative stress is complex and unavoidable. Organisms simultaneously cope with a various combination of stress factors in natural conditions. For example, excess light stress is accompanied by UV stress, heat shock stress, and/or water stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant molecules, coordinated by electrical signalling (ES), are an integral part of the stress signalling network in cells and organisms. They together regulate gene expression to redirect energy to growth, acclimation, or defence, and thereby, determine cellular stress memory and stress crosstalk. In plants, both abiotic and biotic stress increase energy quenching, photorespiration, stomatal closure, and leaf temperature, while toning down photosynthesis and transpiration. Locally applied stress induces ES, ROS, retrograde signalling, cell death, and cellular light memory, then acclimation and defence responses in the local organs, whole plant, or even plant community (systemic acquired acclimation, systemic acquired resistance, network acquired acclimation). A simplified analogy can be found in animals where diseases vs. fitness and prolonged lifespan vs. faster aging, are dependent on mitochondrial ROS production and ES, and body temperature is regulated by sweating, temperature-dependent respiration, and gene regulation. In this review, we discuss the universal features of stress factors, ES, the cellular production of ROS molecules, ROS scavengers, hormones, and other regulators that coordinate life and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
| | - Roshanak Zarrin Ghalami
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- UGent Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
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Satyakam, Zinta G, Singh RK, Kumar R. Cold adaptation strategies in plants—An emerging role of epigenetics and antifreeze proteins to engineer cold resilient plants. Front Genet 2022; 13:909007. [PMID: 36092945 PMCID: PMC9459425 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.909007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress adversely affects plant growth, development, and yield. Also, the spatial and geographical distribution of plant species is influenced by low temperatures. Cold stress includes chilling and/or freezing temperatures, which trigger entirely different plant responses. Freezing tolerance is acquired via the cold acclimation process, which involves prior exposure to non-lethal low temperatures followed by profound alterations in cell membrane rigidity, transcriptome, compatible solutes, pigments and cold-responsive proteins such as antifreeze proteins. Moreover, epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin dynamics and small non-coding RNAs play a crucial role in cold stress adaptation. Here, we provide a recent update on cold-induced signaling and regulatory mechanisms. Emphasis is given to the role of epigenetic mechanisms and antifreeze proteins in imparting cold stress tolerance in plants. Lastly, we discuss genetic manipulation strategies to improve cold tolerance and develop cold-resistant plants.
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Go X X Biowska G, Stawoska I, Wese X Ucha-Birczy X Ska A. Cold-modulated leaf compounds in winter triticale DH lines tolerant to freezing and Microdochium nivale infection: LC-MS and Raman study. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:725-741. [PMID: 35379383 DOI: 10.1071/fp21300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tolerance to freezing and seedling diseases caused by Microdochium spp. is an essential trait for the wintering of triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) and other cereals. Preceding multi-year studies indicate that after long-term exposure to the low temperature, cereal seedlings acquire a genotype-dependent cross-tolerance to other subsequent stresses. This paper presents the first non-gel protein profiling performed via high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry as well as Fourier Transform-Raman spectroscopy measurements performed directly on leaves of triticale seedlings growing under different conditions. The research used doubled haploid lines selected from the mapping population, with extreme tolerance/susceptibility to freezing and M. nivale infection. These non-targeted methods led to the detection of twenty two proteins cold-accumulated in the most tolerant seedlings in relation to susceptible ones, classified as involved in protein biosynthesis, response to different stimuli, energy balancing, oxidative stress response, protein modification, membrane structure and anthocyanin synthesis. Additionally, in seedlings of the most freezing- and M. nivale -tolerant line, cold-hardening caused decrease of the carotenoid and chlorophyll content. Moreover, a decrease in the band intensity typical for carbohydrates as well as an increase in the band intensity characteristic for protein compounds were detected. Both studied lines revealed a different answer to stress in the characteristics of phenolic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Go X X Biowska
- Pedagogical University of Krakow, Institute of Biology, Podchorazych 2, Kraków 30-084, Poland
| | - Iwona Stawoska
- Pedagogical University of Krakow, Institute of Biology, Podchorazych 2, Kraków 30-084, Poland
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Dyda M, Tyrka M, Gołębiowska G, Rapacz M, Wędzony M. Genetic mapping of adult-plant resistance genes to powdery mildew in triticale. J Appl Genet 2021; 63:73-86. [PMID: 34561842 PMCID: PMC8755695 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Triticale is a cereal of high economic importance; however, along with the increase in the area of this cereal, it is more often infected by the fungal pathogen Blumeria graminis, which causes powdery mildew. The rapid development of molecular biology techniques, in particular methods based on molecular markers may be an important tool used in modern plant breeding. Development of genetic maps, location of the QTLs defining the region of the genome associated with resistance and selection of markers linked to particular trait can be used to select resistant genotypes as well as to pyramidize several resistance genes in one variety. In this paper, we present a new, high-density genetic map of triticale doubled haploids (DH) population “Grenado” × “Zorro” composed of DArT, silicoDArT, and SNP markers. Composite interval mapping method was used to detect eight QTL regions associated with the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and 15 regions with the average value of powdery mildew infection (avPM) based on observation conducted in 3-year period in three different locations across the Poland. Two regions on rye chromosome 4R, and single loci on 5R and 6R were reported for the first time as regions associated with powdery mildew resistance. Among all QTLs, 14 candidate genes were identified coded cyclin-dependent kinase, serine/threonine-protein kinase-like protein as well as AMEIOTIC 1 homolog DYAD-like protein, DETOXIFICATION 16-like protein, and putative disease resistance protein RGA3. Three of identified candidate genes were found among newly described QTL regions associated with powdery mildew resistance in triticale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dyda
- Chair of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Tyrka
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Gabriela Gołębiowska
- Chair of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Rapacz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Podłużna 3, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Wędzony
- Chair of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
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